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Universal Semantic Syntax
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Book Synopsis Universal Semantic Syntax by : Egbert Fortuin
Download or read book Universal Semantic Syntax written by Egbert Fortuin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-09 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers a comprehensive and accessible introduction to a novel theory of syntax, which analyzes grammar from a semantic perspective.
Book Synopsis Semantic Universals and Universal Semantics by : D. Zaefferer
Download or read book Semantic Universals and Universal Semantics written by D. Zaefferer and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-10-21 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No detailed description available for "Semantic Universals and Universal Semantics".
Book Synopsis The Semantics of Grammar by : Anna Wierzbicka
Download or read book The Semantics of Grammar written by Anna Wierzbicka and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “The semantics of grammar” presents a radically semantic approach to syntax and morphology. It offers a methodology which makes it possible to demonstrate, on an empirical basis, that syntax is neither “autonomous” nor “arbitrary”, but that it follows from “semantics”. It is shown that every grammatical construction encodes a certain semantic structure, which can be revealed and rigorously stated, so that the meanings encoded in grammar can be compared in a precise and illuminating way, within one language and across language boundaries. The author develops a semantic metalanguage based on lexical universals or near-universals (and, ultimately, on a system of universal semantic primitives), and shows that the same semantic metalanguage can be used for explicating lexical, grammatical and pragmatic aspects of language and thus offers a method for an integrated linguistic description based on semantic foundations. Analyzing data from a number of different languages (including English, Russian and Japanese) the author explores the notion of ethnosyntax and, via semantics, links syntax and morphology with culture. She attemps to demonstrate that the use of a semantic metalanguage based on lexical universals makes it possible to rephrase the Humboldt-Sapir-Whorf hypothesis in such a way that it can be tested and treated as a program for empirical research.
Book Synopsis Investigations in Universal Grammar by : Stephen Crain
Download or read book Investigations in Universal Grammar written by Stephen Crain and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This introductory guide to language acquisition research is presented within the framework of Universal Grammar, a theory of the human faculty for language. The authors focus on two experimental techniques for assessing children's linguistic competence: the Elicited Production task, a production task, and the Truth Value Judgment task, a comprehension task. Their methodologies are designed to overcome the numerous obstacles to empirical investigation of children's language competence. They produce research results that are more reproducible and less likely to be dismissed as an artifact of improper experimental procedure. In the first section of the book, the authors examine the fundamental assumptions that guide research in this area; they present both a theory of linguistic competence and a model of language processing. In the following two sections, they discuss in detail their two experimental techniques.
Book Synopsis Meaning and Universal Grammar by : Cliff Goddard
Download or read book Meaning and Universal Grammar written by Cliff Goddard and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume one of a set of studies that is founded on the idea that universal grammar is based on - indeed, inseparable from - meaning. The theoretical framework is the natural semantic metalanguage (NSM) approach originated by Anna Wierzbicka and developed in collaboration with Cliff Goddard.
Book Synopsis The Final-Over-Final Condition by : Michelle Sheehan
Download or read book The Final-Over-Final Condition written by Michelle Sheehan and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of the evidence for and the theoretical implications of a universal word order constraint, with data from a wide range of languages. This book presents evidence for a universal word order constraint, the Final-over-Final Condition (FOFC), and discusses the theoretical implications of this phenomenon. FOFC is a syntactic condition that disallows structures where a head-initial phrase is contained in a head-final phrase in the same extended projection/domain. The authors argue that FOFC is a linguistic universal, not just a strong tendency, and not a constraint on processing. They discuss the effects of the universal in various domains, including the noun phrase, the adjective phrase, the verb phrase, and the clause. The book draws on data from a wide range of languages, including Hindi, Turkish, Basque, Finnish, Afrikaans, German, Hungarian, French, English, Italian, Romanian, Arabic, Hebrew, Mandarin, Pontic Greek, Bagirmi, Dholuo, and Thai. FOFC, the authors argue, is important because it is the only known example of a word order asymmetry pertaining to the order of heads. As such, it has significant repercussions for theories connecting the narrow syntax to linear order.
Book Synopsis The Syntax and Semantics of Noun Modifiers and the Theory of Universal Grammar by : Min-Joo Kim
Download or read book The Syntax and Semantics of Noun Modifiers and the Theory of Universal Grammar written by Min-Joo Kim and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-20 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes Korean as a basis to provide a detailed universal Determiner Phrase (DP) structure. Adnominal adjectival expressions are apparently optional noun dependents but their syntax and semantics have been shown to provide an important window on the internal structure of DP. By carefully examining data from Korean, an understudied language, as well as from other unrelated languages, the book provides a broad perspective on the phenomenon of noun modification and its cross-linguistic variations. Furthermore, it offers not only a thorough syntactic analysis but also a formal semantic analysis of noun modifiers that extends beyond a single language. This book will be of great interest to researchers interested in theoretical syntax, its interfaces with semantics, pragmatics, linguistic typology, and language variation.
Book Synopsis Exploring the Syntax-Semantics Interface by : Robert D. van Valin, Jr.
Download or read book Exploring the Syntax-Semantics Interface written by Robert D. van Valin, Jr. and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-07-07 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language is a system of communication in which grammatical structures function to express meaning in context. While all languages can achieve the same basic communicative ends, they each use different means to achieve them, particularly in the divergent ways that syntax, semantics and pragmatics interact across languages. This book looks in detail at how structure, meaning, and communicative function interact in human languages. Working within the framework of Role and Reference Grammar (RRG), Van Valin proposes a set of rules, called the 'linking algorithm', which relates syntactic and semantic representations to each other, with discourse-pragmatics playing a role in the linking. Using this model, he discusses the full range of grammatical phenomena, including the structures of simple and complex sentences, verb and argument structure, voice, reflexivization and extraction restrictions. Clearly written and comprehensive, this book will be welcomed by all those working on the interface between syntax, semantics and pragmatics.
Book Synopsis Modality in Syntax, Semantics and Pragmatics by : Werner Abraham
Download or read book Modality in Syntax, Semantics and Pragmatics written by Werner Abraham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-17 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What do we mean when we say things like 'If only we knew what he was up to!' Clearly this is more than just a message, or a question to our addressee. We are expressing simultaneously that we don't know, and also that we wish to know. Several modes of encoding contribute to such modalities of expression: word order, subordinating subjunctions, sentences that are subordinated but nevertheless occur autonomously, and attitudinal discourse adverbs which, far beyond lexical adverbials of modality, allow the speaker and the listener to presuppose full agreement, partial agreement under presupposed conditions, or negotiation of common ground. This state of the art survey proposes a new model of modality, drawing on data from a variety of Germanic and Slavic languages to find out what is cross-linguistically universal about modality, and to argue that it is a constitutive part of human cognition.
Book Synopsis Semantic Primes and Universal Grammar by : Bert Peeters
Download or read book Semantic Primes and Universal Grammar written by Bert Peeters and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2006-08-16 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is part of a research program which started with the publication, in 1972, of Anna Wierzbicka’s groundbreaking work on Semantic Primitives. The first within the program to focus on a number of typologically similar languages, it proposes a French, Spanish, Portuguese and Italian version of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) elaborated over the years by Wierzbicka and colleagues. Repetition is avoided through teamwork: a number of authors working on the languages under examination have had equal input in a set of five papers dealing with distinct parts of the metalanguage. Some of the findings presented here invite us to have a fresh look at what has already been achieved, and to amend some of the working hypotheses of the NSM approach accordingly. The volume also contains six case studies (on Italian sfogarsi, Portuguese saudades, Spanish crisis, French certes, Spanish expressions of sincerity and Italian and Spanish diminutives, respectively).
Book Synopsis Syntax and Semantics of the English Verb Phrase by : Michael Grady
Download or read book Syntax and Semantics of the English Verb Phrase written by Michael Grady and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-12-04 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Semantic Syntax by : Pieter A. M. Seuren
Download or read book Semantic Syntax written by Pieter A. M. Seuren and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1974 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aims to provide the reader with some insight into certain live issues of linguistic theory which seem crucial to our understanding of the phenomenon 'human language.'
Book Synopsis Aspectual Roles and the Syntax-Semantics Interface by : Carol Tenny
Download or read book Aspectual Roles and the Syntax-Semantics Interface written by Carol Tenny and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All work is work in progress. The ideas developed in this work could be (and probably will be) developed further, revised, and expanded. But it was time to write them down and send them out. Some of these ideas about linking had their origins in my 1987 dissertation. However, this work has grown beyond the dissertation in a number of important ways. The most important of these advances lie in, first, articulating aspectual roles as linguistic objects over which lexical semantic phenomena can be stated, and over which linking generalizations are stated; second, recognizing that syntactic phenomena may be classified as to whether or not they are sensitive to the core event of event structure; and third, recognizing the modularity of aspectual and thematic/conceptual structure, and associating that modularity with a difference between language-specific and universal language generalizations. The three chapters of the book are organized around these ideas. I have tried to state these ideas as strong theses. Where they make strong predictions I have meant them to do so, as a probe for future research. I hope that other researchers will take up the challenge to investigate, test and develop these ideas across a wider realm of languages than I --as one person --can do.
Book Synopsis Reflexivization by : Leonard M. Faltz
Download or read book Reflexivization written by Leonard M. Faltz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-11-10 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title, first published in 1985, is the result of a cross-linguistic, comparative study of reflexives, with a major role played by syntactic conditions on reflexivization rules. The basic definitions outlined in the book lead to a discussion of morphological types, discussions about syntax, and speculations on the historical origins and destinies of the various kinds of reflexives. This title will be of interest to students of language and linguistics.
Download or read book Syntax written by T. Givón and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2001-07-19 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of Syntax: A functional-typological introduction is at many points radically revised. In the previous edition (1984) the author deliberately chose to de-emphasize the more formal aspects of syntactic structure, in favor of a more comprehensive treatment of the semantic and pragmatic correlates of syntactic structure. With hindsight the author now finds the de-emphasis of the formal properties a somewhat regrettable choice, since it creates the false impression that one could somehow be a functionalist without being at the same time a structuralist. To redress the balance, explicit treatment is given to the core formal properties of syntactic constructions, such as constituency and hierarchy (phrase structure), grammatical relations and relational control, clause union, finiteness and governed constructions. At the same time, the cognitive and communicative underpinning of grammatical universals are further elucidated and underscored, and the interplay between grammar, cognition and neurology is outlined. Also the relevant typological database is expanded, now exploring in greater precision the bounds of syntactic diversity. Lastly, Syntax treats synchronic-typological diversity more explicitly as the dynamic by-product of diachronic development or grammaticalization. In so doing a parallel is drawn between linguistic diversity and diachrony on the one hand and biological diversity and evolution on the other. It is then suggested that — as in biology — synchronic universals of grammar are exercised and instantiated primarily as constraints on development, and are thus merely the apparent by-products of universal constraints on grammaticalization.
Author :Carl Pollard Publisher :Center for the Study of Language and Information Publications ISBN 13 :9780937073247 Total Pages :243 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (732 download)
Book Synopsis Information-Based Syntax and Semantics: Volume 1, Fundamentals by : Carl Pollard
Download or read book Information-Based Syntax and Semantics: Volume 1, Fundamentals written by Carl Pollard and published by Center for the Study of Language and Information Publications. This book was released on 1987-11-01 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A long-standing, near-universal, and erroneous practice of teaching syntax in a void exists, as if the communicative function of language had nothing to do with syntax. And semantics has customarily been taught in sequence after syntax, or else not at all. Based upon graduate courses taught at Stanford University, this work seeks to redress this situation by building up syntactic and semantic aspects of grammatical theory in an integrated way from the start, under the assumption that neither is of linguistic interest divorced from the other. The particular theory presented, head-driven phrase structure grammar (HPSG) - so-called because of its central notion of the grammatical head - is an information-based (or 'unification-based' theory that has its roots in a number of different research programs within linguistics and neighboring disciplines such as philosophy and computer science. Thus HPSG draws upon and attempts to synthesize insights and perspectives from several families of contemporary syntactic theories, such as categorial grammar, lexical-functional grammar, generalized phrase structure grammar, and government-binding theory; but many of its key ideas arise from semantic theories like situation semantics and discourse representation theory, and from computational work in such areas as knowledge representation, data type theory, and formalisms based upon the unification of partial information.
Book Synopsis Instruments and Related Concepts at the Syntax-Semantics Interface by : Koen Van Hooste
Download or read book Instruments and Related Concepts at the Syntax-Semantics Interface written by Koen Van Hooste and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-04-30 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Instruments constitute a classic member of the thematic role inventory, yet they are usually analyzed only peripherally, taking a back seat to the more studied members such as Agent and Patient. This dissertation investigates the semantic reality behind the label instrument from the functionalist perspective of Role & Reference Grammar. Starting from a theoretical investigation of what instrumentality truly means when contrasted with related concepts like comitatives, this book explores the morphosyntactic realization of instruments across a wide range of typologically diverse languages. Apart from the standard occurrences of instruments that come to mind from languages such as Latin, German or English, this book delves into several less common constructions that feature the instrument relation. Such constructions include, amongst others, passives with instruments and particularly the Instrument-Subject Alternation, a construction where the instrument seemingly appears as the subject of the sentence. This construction displays variation along three dimensions: 1) The instrument can vary from a very simple tool to a complicated machine, 2) the predicate can vary substantially and 3) languages differ widely with respect to the construction's acceptability. This makes for a complex playing field where the animacy of the instrument but also the aktionsart class of the predicate play a major role. The last section of this book deals with linking the semantics of instruments and related concepts to their morphosyntactic realizations, including the various encoding strategies that are available in any given language. This book also features a concise introduction to Role & Reference Grammar. Dissertations in Language and Cognition: This series explores issues of mental representation, linguistic structure and representation, and their interplay. The research presented in this series is grounded in the idea explored in the Collaborative Research Center 'The structure of representations in language, cognition and science' (SFB 991) that there is a universal format for the representation of linguistic and cognitive concepts.
