Unequal China

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Unequal China

Author : Wanning Sun
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136229973
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (362 download)

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Book Synopsis Unequal China by : Wanning Sun

Download or read book Unequal China written by Wanning Sun and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-07 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic development and a dramatic improvement in living standards in many parts of the People’s Republic of China during the past three decades of economic reforms have been hailed by the Chinese Communist Party and many commentators in the international arena as the most spectacular achievements in the history of humanity. However, three decades of economic reforms have also transformed China from one of the world’s most egalitarian societies into one of the most unequal. This book offers a comprehensive account of inequality in China from an interdisciplinary perspective. It both draws on, and speaks to, the existing body of literature that is generated mainly in the fields of economics and sociology, while extending its scope to also examine the political, social, moral and cultural dimensions of inequality. Each chapter addresses the question of inequality from a specific context of research, including housing, health care, social welfare, education, migration, land distribution, law, gender and sexuality. Moving beyond traditional socio-economic theories, the contributors to this volume explore a wide range of social, political, economic and cultural practices that result from, as well as further entrench, the inequalities in Chinese society. Importantly, the essays in Unequal China probe the hidden causes of inequality - namely, the role of state power and the importance of culture - and underline how both state power and cultural factors have a key part to play in legitimating inequality. With an innovative approach that moves beyond the economic and sociological roots of inequality in China, this volume is a welcome addition to what is a growing field of study, and will appeal to students and scholars interested in Chinese culture and society, Chinese politics and Asian social policy.

China's Unequal Treaties

Author : Dong Wang
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 9780739112083
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis China's Unequal Treaties by : Dong Wang

Download or read book China's Unequal Treaties written by Dong Wang and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2005 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study, based on primary sources, deals with the linguistic development and polemical uses of the expression Unequal Treaties, which refers to the treaties China signed between 1842 and 1946. Although this expression has occupied a central position in both Chinese collective memory and Chinese and English historiographies, this is the first book to offer an in-depth examination of China's encounters with the outside world as manifested in the rhetoric surrounding the Unequal Treaties. Author Dong Wang argues that competing forces within China have narrated and renarrated the history of the treaties in an effort to consolidate national unity, international independence, and political legitimacy and authority. In the twentieth century, she shows, China's experience with these treaties helped to determine their use of international law. Of great relevance for students of contemporary China and Chinese history, as well as Chinese international law and politics, this book illuminates how various Chinese political actors have defined and redefined the past using the framework of the Unequal Treaties.

Rising Inequality in China

Author : Shi Li
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107002915
Total Pages : 531 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Rising Inequality in China by : Shi Li

Download or read book Rising Inequality in China written by Shi Li and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the evolution of economic inequality in China from 2002 to 2007; a sequel to Inequality and Public Policy in China (2008).

China’s Uneven and Combined Development

Author : Steven Rolf
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030555593
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis China’s Uneven and Combined Development by : Steven Rolf

Download or read book China’s Uneven and Combined Development written by Steven Rolf and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-15 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book mobilises the theory of uneven and combined development to uncover the geopolitical economic drivers of China’s rise. The purpose is to explain the formation and trajectory of its economic ‘accumulation system’ — which remains a confounding hybrid of statist and neoliberal forms of capitalism — as the outcome of China’s geopolitical engagement of the USA during the late stages of the Cold War, and its participation in manufacturing global production networks (GPNs). Fear of geopolitical catastrophe drove China to open its economy, while GPNs enabled China to generate substantial export surpluses which could be recycled through state-owned banks as cheap credit and subsidies to large, vertically integrated and politically-controlled state-owned enterprises. In this way, a synergy emerged between the ‘neoliberal’ and ‘Keynesian-Fordist’ sectors of the economy, while the national-territorial state retained its form and expanded its functions. The book chronicles how this reliance on export surpluses, however, rendered China extremely vulnerable to external shocks — prompting a dramatic monetary and fiscal stimulus response to the crisis of 2008, even while sustaining the illusion of economic ‘decoupling’ from the global economy. Finally, it examines the growing role of the state in the current crisis-ridden economic model, as well as China’s current geoeconomic and geopolitical expansionism in areas such as the Belt and Road Initiative and the militarisation of the East and South China Seas.

State-Sponsored Inequality

Author : Shuang Chen
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 1503601633
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis State-Sponsored Inequality by : Shuang Chen

Download or read book State-Sponsored Inequality written by Shuang Chen and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-11 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the social economic processes of inequality in nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century rural China. Drawing on uniquely rich source materials, Shuang Chen provides a comprehensive view of the creation of a social hierarchy wherein the state classified immigrants to the Chinese county of Shuangcheng into distinct categories, each associated with different land entitlements. The resulting patterns of wealth stratification and social hierarchy were then simultaneously challenged and reinforced by local people. The tensions built into the unequal land entitlements shaped the identities of immigrant groups, and this social hierarchy persisted even after the institution of unequal state entitlements was removed. State-Sponsored Inequality offers an in-depth understanding of the key factors that contribute to social stratification in agrarian societies. Moreover, it sheds light on the many parallels between the stratification system in nineteenth-century Shuangcheng and structural inequality in contemporary China.

One Country, Two Societies

Author : Martin K. Whyte
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674036307
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (363 download)

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Book Synopsis One Country, Two Societies by : Martin K. Whyte

Download or read book One Country, Two Societies written by Martin K. Whyte and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2010-02-25 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A collection of essays that analyzes China's foremost social cleavage: the rural-urban gap. It examines the historical background of rural-urban relations; the size and trend in the income gap between rural and urban residents; aspects of inequality apart from income; and, experiences of discrimination, particularly among urban migrants." -- BOOK PUBLISHER WEBSITE.

Boundaries and Categories

Author : Feng Wang
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780804757942
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (579 download)

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Book Synopsis Boundaries and Categories by : Feng Wang

Download or read book Boundaries and Categories written by Feng Wang and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A systematic and in-depth analysis and explanation of China's rapid increase in inequality in the last two decades.

Inequality in China – Trends, Drivers and Policy Remedies

Author : Ms.Sonali Jain-Chandra
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484357531
Total Pages : 31 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Inequality in China – Trends, Drivers and Policy Remedies by : Ms.Sonali Jain-Chandra

Download or read book Inequality in China – Trends, Drivers and Policy Remedies written by Ms.Sonali Jain-Chandra and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China has experienced rapid economic growth over the past two decades and is on the brink of eradicating poverty. However, income inequality increased sharply from the early 1980s and rendered China among the most unequal countries in the world. This trend has started to reverse as China has experienced a modest decline in inequality since 2008. This paper identifies various drivers behind these trends – including structural changes such as urbanization and aging and, more recently, policy initiatives to combat it. It finds that policies will need to play an important role in curbing inequality in the future, as projected structural trends will put further strain on equity considerations. In particular, fiscal policy reforms have the potential to enhance inclusiveness and equity, both on the tax and expenditure side.

Myth of the Social Volcano

Author : Martin Whyte
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804769419
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Myth of the Social Volcano by : Martin Whyte

Download or read book Myth of the Social Volcano written by Martin Whyte and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2010-02-24 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports the results of the first systematic nationwide survey in China of the attitudes that ordinary Chinese citizens have toward increased inequalities generated by the market reform program launched in 1978.

The Unequal Treaties

Author : Rodney Gilbert
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Unequal Treaties by : Rodney Gilbert

Download or read book The Unequal Treaties written by Rodney Gilbert and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Unequal Treaties and China

Author : Jianlang Wang
Publisher : Enrich Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781623200220
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Unequal Treaties and China by : Jianlang Wang

Download or read book Unequal Treaties and China written by Jianlang Wang and published by Enrich Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the first Opium War (1839-1842) and until the birth of New China in 1949, China was forced to sign multiple unequal treaties by foreign imperialist and invading powers. In these treaties, China conceded many of its sovereign rights in terms of territory and commerce. Ever since the time of the first unequal treaty (the Treaty of Nanjing), the people of China have struggled to invalidate these unequal treaties. Unequal Treaties and China provides a comprehensive overview of China's history of fighting against these unequal treaties.Understanding a country's history is a vital way of understanding its people. In Unequal Treaties and China author Wang Jianlang looks at how history has affected the nation and how those unequal treaties from foreign powers have shaped China's policies even up until the modern day. - A comprehensive survey of China's unequal treaties with foreign imperialist powers since the late-Qing Dynasty era- A comparison of how different governments in China in different eras responded to the unequal treaties

China and the Developing World

Author : Joshua Eisemann
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317282930
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis China and the Developing World by : Joshua Eisemann

Download or read book China and the Developing World written by Joshua Eisemann and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-08-20 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's relationship with the developing world is a fundamental part of its larger foreign policy strategy. Sweeping changes both within and outside of China and the transformation of geopolitics since the end of the cold war have prompted Beijing to reevaluate its strategies and objectives in regard to emerging nations.Featuring contributions by recognized experts, this is the first full-length treatment of China's relationship with the developing world in nearly two decades. Section one provides a general overview and framework of analysis for this important aspect of Chinese policy. The chapters in the second part of the book systematically examine China's relationships with Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, Latin America, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. The book concludes with a look into the future of Chinese foreign policy.

Radical Inequalities

Author : Nara Dillon
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 1684175585
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (841 download)

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Book Synopsis Radical Inequalities by : Nara Dillon

Download or read book Radical Inequalities written by Nara Dillon and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-05-11 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Chinese Communist welfare state was established with the goal of eradicating income inequality. But paradoxically, it actually widened the income gap, undermining one of the most important objectives of Mao Zedong’s revolution. Nara Dillon traces the origins of the Chinese welfare state from the 1940s through the 1960s, when such inequalities emerged and were institutionalized, to uncover the reasons why the state failed to achieve this goal.Using newly available archival sources, Dillon focuses on the contradictory role played by labor in the development of the Chinese welfare state. At first, the mobilization of labor helped found a welfare state, but soon labor’s privileges turned into obstacles to the expansion of welfare to cover more of the poor. Under the tight economic constraints of the time, small, temporary differences evolved into large, entrenched inequalities. Placing these developments in the context of the globalization of the welfare state, Dillon focuses on the mismatch between welfare policies originally designed for European economies and the very different conditions found in revolutionary China. Because most developing countries faced similar constraints, the Chinese case provides insight into the development of narrow, unequal welfare states across much of the developing world in the postwar period."

Africans in China

Author :
Publisher : Cambria Press
ISBN 13 : 1621968189
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (219 download)

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Book Synopsis Africans in China by :

Download or read book Africans in China written by and published by Cambria Press. This book was released on with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Unequal Treaties and China

Author : Jianlang Wang (Historian)
Publisher : Enrich Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781623201128
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Unequal Treaties and China by : Jianlang Wang (Historian)

Download or read book Unequal Treaties and China written by Jianlang Wang (Historian) and published by Enrich Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding a country's history is a vital way of understanding its people. In Unequal Treaties and China, author Wang Jianlang looks at how history has affected the nation and how those unequal treaties from foreign powers have shaped China's policies even up until the modern day. From the first Opium War (1839-1842) and until the birth of New China in 1949, China was forced to sign multiple unequal treaties by foreign imperialist and invading powers. In these treaties, China conceded many of its sovereign rights in terms of territory and commerce. Ever since the time of the first unequal treaty (the Treaty of Nanjing), the people of China have struggled to invalidate these unequal treaties. Unequal Treaties and China provides a comprehensive overview of China's history of fighting against these unequal treaties.

Out of China

Author : Robert Bickers
Publisher : Penguin UK
ISBN 13 : 1846146194
Total Pages : 749 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (461 download)

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Book Synopsis Out of China by : Robert Bickers

Download or read book Out of China written by Robert Bickers and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2017-03-30 with total page 749 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SHORTLISTED FOR THE 2018 WOLFSON HISTORY PRIZE The extraordinary and essential story of how China became the powerful country it is today. Even at the high noon of Europe's empires China managed to be one of the handful of countries not to succumb. Invaded, humiliated and looted, China nonetheless kept its sovereignty. Robert Bickers' major new book is the first to describe fully what has proved to be one of the modern era's most important stories: the long, often agonising process by which the Chinese had by the end of the 20th century regained control of their own country. Out of China uses a brilliant array of unusual, strange and vivid sources to recreate a now fantastically remote world: the corrupt, lurid modernity of pre-War Shanghai, the often tiny patches of 'extra-territorial' land controlled by European powers (one of which, unnoticed, had mostly toppled into a river), the entrepôts of Hong Kong and Macao, and the myriad means, through armed threats, technology and legal chicanery, by which China was kept subservient. Today Chinese nationalism stays firmly rooted in memories of its degraded past - the quest for self-sufficiency, a determination both to assert China's standing in the world and its outstanding territorial claims, and never to be vulnerable to renewed attack. History matters deeply to Beijing's current rulers - and Out of China explains why.

China's Rebalancing and Gender Inequality

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513573772
Total Pages : 27 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis China's Rebalancing and Gender Inequality by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book China's Rebalancing and Gender Inequality written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines gender inequality in the context of structural transformation and rebalancing in China. We document declining women's relative wages and labor force participation in China during the last two decades, despite rapid growth and expansion of the service sector. Using household data, we provide evidence consistent with a U-shaped relationship between economic development and women's labor market outcomes. Using a model of structural transformation, we show that labor market barriers for women have increased over time. Model counterfactuals suggest that removing these barriers and increasing service sector productivity can boost both gender equality and economic growth in China.