Understanding Molecular Simulation

Download Understanding Molecular Simulation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080519989
Total Pages : 661 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Understanding Molecular Simulation by : Daan Frenkel

Download or read book Understanding Molecular Simulation written by Daan Frenkel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-10-19 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Molecular Simulation: From Algorithms to Applications explains the physics behind the "recipes" of molecular simulation for materials science. Computer simulators are continuously confronted with questions concerning the choice of a particular technique for a given application. A wide variety of tools exist, so the choice of technique requires a good understanding of the basic principles. More importantly, such understanding may greatly improve the efficiency of a simulation program. The implementation of simulation methods is illustrated in pseudocodes and their practical use in the case studies used in the text. Since the first edition only five years ago, the simulation world has changed significantly -- current techniques have matured and new ones have appeared. This new edition deals with these new developments; in particular, there are sections on: Transition path sampling and diffusive barrier crossing to simulaterare events Dissipative particle dynamic as a course-grained simulation technique Novel schemes to compute the long-ranged forces Hamiltonian and non-Hamiltonian dynamics in the context constant-temperature and constant-pressure molecular dynamics simulations Multiple-time step algorithms as an alternative for constraints Defects in solids The pruned-enriched Rosenbluth sampling, recoil-growth, and concerted rotations for complex molecules Parallel tempering for glassy Hamiltonians Examples are included that highlight current applications and the codes of case studies are available on the World Wide Web. Several new examples have been added since the first edition to illustrate recent applications. Questions are included in this new edition. No prior knowledge of computer simulation is assumed.

Understanding Computer Simulation

Download Understanding Computer Simulation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bookboon
ISBN 13 : 8776815056
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (768 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Understanding Computer Simulation by : Roger McHaney

Download or read book Understanding Computer Simulation written by Roger McHaney and published by Bookboon. This book was released on 2009 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Science and Art of Simulation I

Download The Science and Art of Simulation I PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319557629
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Science and Art of Simulation I by : Michael M. Resch

Download or read book The Science and Art of Simulation I written by Michael M. Resch and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-07 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new book series “The Science and Art of Simulation” (SAS) addresses computer simulations as a scientific activity and engineering artistry (in the sense of a technē). The first volume is devoted to three topics: 1. The Art of Exploring Computer Simulations Philosophy began devoting attention to computer simulations at a relatively early stage. Since then, the unquestioned point of view has been that computer simulation is a new scientific method; the philosophy of simulation is therefore part of the philosophy of science. The first section of this volume discusses this implicit, unchallenged assumption by addressing, from different perspectives, the question of how to explore (and how not to explore) research on computer simulations. Scientists discuss what is still lacking or considered problematic, while philosophers draft new directions for research, and both examine the art of exploring computer simulations. 2. The Art of Understanding Computer Simulations The results of computer simulations are integrated into both political and social decisions. It is implicitly assumed that the more detailed, and consequently more realistic, a computer simulation is, the more useful it will be in decision-making. However, this idea is by no means justified. Different types of computer simulations have to be differentiated, which in turn requires the specific skill of understanding computer simulation results. The articles in this section examine the capabilities and limits of simulation results in political and social contexts, exploring the art of understanding computer simulation results. 3. The Art of Knowing through Computer Simulations? The advent of computer simulation in today’s scientific practices challenges the order of science. What kind of knowledge is gained through computer simulations is the key question in this section. Computer simulations are often compared to experiments or to arguments, and the transformation of our traditional scientific notions might be more challenging than expected – these Ideas are put forward in the third section to conceptualize the art of knowing through computer simulations.

Science in the Age of Computer Simulation

Download Science in the Age of Computer Simulation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226902056
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (269 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Science in the Age of Computer Simulation by : Eric Winsberg

Download or read book Science in the Age of Computer Simulation written by Eric Winsberg and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-10-15 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computer simulation was first pioneered as a scientific tool in meteorology and nuclear physics in the period following World War II, but it has grown rapidly to become indispensible in a wide variety of scientific disciplines, including astrophysics, high-energy physics, climate science, engineering, ecology, and economics. Digital computer simulation helps study phenomena of great complexity, but how much do we know about the limits and possibilities of this new scientific practice? How do simulations compare to traditional experiments? And are they reliable? Eric Winsberg seeks to answer these questions in Science in the Age of Computer Simulation. Scrutinizing these issue with a philosophical lens, Winsberg explores the impact of simulation on such issues as the nature of scientific evidence; the role of values in science; the nature and role of fictions in science; and the relationship between simulation and experiment, theories and data, and theories at different levels of description. Science in the Age of Computer Simulation will transform many of the core issues in philosophy of science, as well as our basic understanding of the role of the digital computer in the sciences.

The Guide to Computer Simulations and Games

Download The Guide to Computer Simulations and Games PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118235592
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (182 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Guide to Computer Simulations and Games by : K. Becker

Download or read book The Guide to Computer Simulations and Games written by K. Becker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-11-30 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first computer simulation book for anyone designing or building a game Answering the growing demand for a book catered for those who design, develop, or use simulations and games this book teaches you exactly what you need to know in order to understand the simulations you build or use all without having to earn another degree. Organized into three parts, this informative book first defines computer simulations and describes how they are different from live-action and paper-based simulations. The second section builds upon the previous, with coverage of the technical details of simulations, a detailed description of how models are built, and an explanation of how those models are translated into simulations. Finally, the last section develops four examples that walk you through the process from model to finished and functional simulation, all of which are created using freely available software and all of which can be downloaded. Targets anyone interested in learning about the inner workings of a simulation or game, but may not necessarily be a programmer or scientist Offers technical details on what simulations are and how they are built without overwhelming you with intricate jargon Breaks down simulation vs. modeling and traditional vs. computer simulations Examines verification and validation and discusses simulation tools Whether you need to learn how simulations work or it's something you've always been curious about but couldn't find the right resource, look no further. The Guide to Computer Simulations and Games is the ideal book for getting a solid understanding of this fascinating subject.

Calculated Surprises

Download Calculated Surprises PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190873299
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Calculated Surprises by : Johannes Lenhard

Download or read book Calculated Surprises written by Johannes Lenhard and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-18 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If all philosophy starts with wondering, then Calculated Surprises starts with wondering about how computers are changing the face and inner workings of science. In this book, Lenhard concentrates on the ways in which computers and simulation are transforming the established conception of mathematical modeling. His core thesis is that simulation modeling constitutes a new mode of mathematical modeling that rearranges and inverts key features of the established conception. Although most of these new key features--such as experimentation, exploration, or epistemic opacity--have their precursors, the new ways in which they are being combined is generating a distinctive style of scientific reasoning. Lenhard also documents how simulation is affecting fundamental concepts of solution, understanding, and validation. He feeds these transformations back into philosophy of science, thereby opening up new perspectives on longstanding oppositions. By combining historical investigations with practical aspects, Calculated Surprises is accessible for a broad audience of readers. Numerous case studies covering a wide range of simulation techniques are balanced with broad reflections on science and technology. Initially, what computers are good at is calculating with a speed and accuracy far beyond human capabilities. Lenhard goes further and investigates the emerging characteristics of computer-based modeling, showing how this simple observation is creating a number of surprising challenges for the methodology and epistemology of science. These calculated surprises will attract both philosophers and scientific practitioners who are interested in reflecting on recent developments in science and technology.

Creating Computer Simulation Systems

Download Creating Computer Simulation Systems PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Prentice Hall
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Creating Computer Simulation Systems by : Dr. Frederick Kuhl

Download or read book Creating Computer Simulation Systems written by Dr. Frederick Kuhl and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2000 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an introduction to the High Level Architecture for modeling and simulation. The HLA is a software architecture for creating computer models and simulation out of component models or simulations. HLA was adopted by the US Defense Dept. The book is an introduction to HLA for application developers.

Computer Simulation Validation

Download Computer Simulation Validation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319707663
Total Pages : 1074 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Computer Simulation Validation by : Claus Beisbart

Download or read book Computer Simulation Validation written by Claus Beisbart and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-09 with total page 1074 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique volume introduces and discusses the methods of validating computer simulations in scientific research. The core concepts, strategies, and techniques of validation are explained by an international team of pre-eminent authorities, drawing on expertise from various fields ranging from engineering and the physical sciences to the social sciences and history. The work also offers new and original philosophical perspectives on the validation of simulations. Topics and features: introduces the fundamental concepts and principles related to the validation of computer simulations, and examines philosophical frameworks for thinking about validation; provides an overview of the various strategies and techniques available for validating simulations, as well as the preparatory steps that have to be taken prior to validation; describes commonly used reference points and mathematical frameworks applicable to simulation validation; reviews the legal prescriptions, and the administrative and procedural activities related to simulation validation; presents examples of best practice that demonstrate how methods of validation are applied in various disciplines and with different types of simulation models; covers important practical challenges faced by simulation scientists when applying validation methods and techniques; offers a selection of general philosophical reflections that explore the significance of validation from a broader perspective. This truly interdisciplinary handbook will appeal to a broad audience, from professional scientists spanning all natural and social sciences, to young scholars new to research with computer simulations. Philosophers of science, and methodologists seeking to increase their understanding of simulation validation, will also find much to benefit from in the text.

Computer Simulation of Liquids

Download Computer Simulation of Liquids PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780198556459
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (564 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Computer Simulation of Liquids by : M. P. Allen

Download or read book Computer Simulation of Liquids written by M. P. Allen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computer simulation is an essential tool in studying the chemistry and physics of liquids. Simulations allow us to develop models and to test them against experimental data. This book is an introduction and practical guide to the molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo methods.

The Simulation Hypothesis

Download The Simulation Hypothesis PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bayview Books, LLC
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Simulation Hypothesis by : Rizwan Virk

Download or read book The Simulation Hypothesis written by Rizwan Virk and published by Bayview Books, LLC. This book was released on 2019-03-31 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Simulation Hypothesis, by best-selling author, renowned MIT computer scientist and Silicon Valley video game designer Rizwan Virk, is the first serious book to explain one of the most daring and consequential theories of our time. Riz is the Executive Director of Play Labs @ MIT, a video game startup incubator at the MIT Game Lab. Drawing from research and concepts from computer science, artificial intelligence, video games, quantum physics, and referencing both speculative fiction and ancient eastern spiritual texts, Virk shows how all of these traditions come together to point to the idea that we may be inside a simulated reality like the Matrix. The Simulation Hypothesis is the idea that our physical reality, far from being a solid physical universe, is part of an increasingly sophisticated video game-like simulation, where we all have multiple lives, consisting of pixels with its own internal clock run by some giant Artificial Intelligence. Simulation theory explains some of the biggest mysteries of quantum and relativistic physics, such as quantum indeterminacy, parallel universes, and the integral nature of the speed of light. Recently, the idea that we may be living in a giant video game has received a lot of attention: “There’s a one in a billion chance we are not living in a simulation” -Elon Musk “I find it hard to argue we are not in a simulation.” -Neil deGrasse Tyson “We are living in computer generated reality.” -Philip K. Dick Video game technology has developed from basic arcade and text adventures to MMORPGs. Video game designer Riz Virk shows how these games may continue to evolve in the future, including virtual reality, augmented reality, Artificial Intelligence, and quantum computing. This book shows how this evolution could lead us to the point of being able to develop all encompassing virtual worlds like the Oasis in Ready Player One, or the simulated reality in the Matrix. While the idea sounds like science fiction, many scientists, engineers, and professors have given the Simulation Hypothesis serious consideration. Futurist Ray Kurzweil has popularized the idea of downloading our consciousness into a silicon based device, which would mean we are just digital information after all. Some, like Oxford lecturer Nick Bostrom, goes further and thinks we may in fact be artificially intelligent consciousness inside such a simulation already! But the Simulation Hypothesis is not just a modern idea. Philosophers like Plato have been telling us that we live in a “cave” and can only see shadows of the real world. Mystics of all traditions have long contended that we are living in some kind of “illusion “and that there are other realities which we can access with our minds. While even Judeo-Christian traditions have this idea, Eastern traditions like Buddhism and Hinduism make this idea part of their core tradition — that we are inside a dream world (“Maya” or illusion, or Vishnu’s Dream), and we have “multiple lives” playing different characters when one dies, continuing to gain experience and “level up” after completing certain challenges. Sounds a lot like a video game! Whether you are a computer scientist, a fan of science fiction like the Matrix movies, a video game enthusiast, or a spiritual seeker, The Simulation Hypothesis touches on all these areas, and you will never look at the world the same way again!

Reconstructing Reality

Download Reconstructing Reality PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0199380279
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Reconstructing Reality by : Margaret Morrison

Download or read book Reconstructing Reality written by Margaret Morrison and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attempts to understand various aspects of the empirical world often rely on modelling processes that involve a reconstruction of systems under investigation. Typically the reconstruction uses mathematical frameworks like gauge theory and renormalization group methods, but more recently simulations also have become an indispensable tool for investigation. This book is a philosophical examination of techniques and assumptions related to modelling and simulation with the goal of showing how these abstract descriptions can contribute to our understanding of the physical world. Particular issues include the role of fictional models in science, how mathematical formalisms can yield physical information, and how we should approach the use of inconsistent models for specific types of systems. It also addresses the role of simulation, specifically the conditions under which simulation can be seen as a technique for measurement, replacing more traditional experimental approaches. Inherent worries about the legitimacy of simulation "knowledge" are also addressed, including an analysis of verification and validation and the role of simulation data in the search for the Higgs boson. In light of the significant role played by simulation in the Large Hadron Collider experiments, it is argued that the traditional distinction between simulation and experiment is no longer applicable in some contexts of modern science. Consequently, a re-evaluation of the way and extent to which simulation delivers empirical knowledge is required. "This is a, lively, stimulating, and important book by one of the main scholars contributing to current topics and debates in our field. It will be a major resource for philosophers of science, their students, scientists interested in examining scientific practice, and the general scientifically literate public."-Bas van Fraassen, Distinguished Professor of Philosophy, San Francisco State University

Perceptual and Cognitive Development

Download Perceptual and Cognitive Development PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080538622
Total Pages : 473 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Perceptual and Cognitive Development by : Rochel Gelman

Download or read book Perceptual and Cognitive Development written by Rochel Gelman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1996-06-17 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perceptual and Cognitive Development illustrates how the developmental approach yields fundamental contributions to our understanding of perception and cognition as a whole. The book discusses how to relate developmental, comparative, and neurological considerations to early learning and development, and it presents fundamental problems in cognition and language, such as the acquisition of a coherent, organized, and shared understanding of concepts and language. Discussions of learning, memory, attention, and problem solving are embedded within specific accounts of the neurological status of developing minds and the nature of knowledge. Research advances and theoretical reorientations are updated in the Second Edition; the revision focuses more attention on the cognitive and biological sciences and neuroscience Illustrates how the developmental approach can yield fundamental contributions to our understanding of perception and cognition as a whole Discussions of learning, memory, and attention permeate individual chapters

Simulation and Its Discontents

Download Simulation and Its Discontents PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262012707
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Simulation and Its Discontents by : Sherry Turkle

Download or read book Simulation and Its Discontents written by Sherry Turkle and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2009-04-17 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How the simulation and visualization technologies so pervasive in science, engineering, and design have changed our way of seeing the world. Over the past twenty years, the technologies of simulation and visualization have changed our ways of looking at the world. In Simulation and Its Discontents, Sherry Turkle examines the now dominant medium of our working lives and finds that simulation has become its own sensibility. We hear it in Turkle's description of architecture students who no longer design with a pencil, of science and engineering students who admit that computer models seem more “real” than experiments in physical laboratories. Echoing architect Louis Kahn's famous question, “What does a brick want?”, Turkle asks, “What does simulation want?” Simulations want, even demand, immersion, and the benefits are clear. Architects create buildings unimaginable before virtual design; scientists determine the structure of molecules by manipulating them in virtual space; physicians practice anatomy on digitized humans. But immersed in simulation, we are vulnerable. There are losses as well as gains. Older scientists describe a younger generation as “drunk with code.” Young scientists, engineers, and designers, full citizens of the virtual, scramble to capture their mentors' tacit knowledge of buildings and bodies. From both sides of a generational divide, there is anxiety that in simulation, something important is slipping away. Turkle's examination of simulation over the past twenty years is followed by four in-depth investigations of contemporary simulation culture: space exploration, oceanography, architecture, and biology.

Programming the Universe

Download Programming the Universe PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 : 1400033861
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Programming the Universe by : Seth Lloyd

Download or read book Programming the Universe written by Seth Lloyd and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2007-03-13 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is the universe actually a giant quantum computer? According to Seth Lloyd, the answer is yes. All interactions between particles in the universe, Lloyd explains, convey not only energy but also information–in other words, particles not only collide, they compute. What is the entire universe computing, ultimately? “Its own dynamical evolution,” he says. “As the computation proceeds, reality unfolds.” Programming the Universe, a wonderfully accessible book, presents an original and compelling vision of reality, revealing our world in an entirely new light.

Simulating Complex Systems by Cellular Automata

Download Simulating Complex Systems by Cellular Automata PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642122027
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Simulating Complex Systems by Cellular Automata by : Alfons G. Hoekstra

Download or read book Simulating Complex Systems by Cellular Automata written by Alfons G. Hoekstra and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-13 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deeply rooted in fundamental research in Mathematics and Computer Science, Cellular Automata (CA) are recognized as an intuitive modeling paradigm for Complex Systems. Already very basic CA, with extremely simple micro dynamics such as the Game of Life, show an almost endless display of complex emergent behavior. Conversely, CA can also be designed to produce a desired emergent behavior, using either theoretical methodologies or evolutionary techniques. Meanwhile, beyond the original realm of applications - Physics, Computer Science, and Mathematics – CA have also become work horses in very different disciplines such as epidemiology, immunology, sociology, and finance. In this context of fast and impressive progress, spurred further by the enormous attraction these topics have on students, this book emerges as a welcome overview of the field for its practitioners, as well as a good starting point for detailed study on the graduate and post-graduate level. The book contains three parts, two major parts on theory and applications, and a smaller part on software. The theory part contains fundamental chapters on how to design and/or apply CA for many different areas. In the applications part a number of representative examples of really using CA in a broad range of disciplines is provided - this part will give the reader a good idea of the real strength of this kind of modeling as well as the incentive to apply CA in their own field of study. Finally, we included a smaller section on software, to highlight the important work that has been done to create high quality problem solving environments that allow to quickly and relatively easily implement a CA model and run simulations, both on the desktop and if needed, on High Performance Computing infrastructures.

Computational Physics

Download Computational Physics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3319004018
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Computational Physics by : Philipp Scherer

Download or read book Computational Physics written by Philipp Scherer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-07-17 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook presents basic and advanced computational physics in a very didactic style. It contains very-well-presented and simple mathematical descriptions of many of the most important algorithms used in computational physics. The first part of the book discusses the basic numerical methods. The second part concentrates on simulation of classical and quantum systems. Several classes of integration methods are discussed including not only the standard Euler and Runge Kutta method but also multi-step methods and the class of Verlet methods, which is introduced by studying the motion in Liouville space. A general chapter on the numerical treatment of differential equations provides methods of finite differences, finite volumes, finite elements and boundary elements together with spectral methods and weighted residual based methods. The book gives simple but non trivial examples from a broad range of physical topics trying to give the reader insight into not only the numerical treatment but also simulated problems. Different methods are compared with regard to their stability and efficiency. The exercises in the book are realised as computer experiments.

Computer Simulations with Mathematica

Download Computer Simulations with Mathematica PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Computer Simulations with Mathematica by : Richard J. Gaylord

Download or read book Computer Simulations with Mathematica written by Richard J. Gaylord and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of natural phenomena using computer simulation is a major new research tool in the physical, chemical, biological and social sciences. It is useful for studying simple systems, and it is essential for the study of complex systems. Using Mathematica, an integrated software environment for scientific programming, numerical analysis and visualization, this book describes computer simulations applicable to a wide range of phenomena.