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Turn Taking In English And Japanese
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Book Synopsis Turn-taking in English and Japanese by : Hiroko Furo
Download or read book Turn-taking in English and Japanese written by Hiroko Furo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines turn-taking in English and Japanese conversations and political news interviews to investigate the relationship between language and interaction.
Book Synopsis Turn-taking in English and Japanese by : Hiroko Furo
Download or read book Turn-taking in English and Japanese written by Hiroko Furo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines turn-taking in English and Japanese conversations and political news interviews to investigate the relationship between language and interaction.
Book Synopsis Turn-Taking in Japanese Conversation by : Hiroko Tanaka
Download or read book Turn-Taking in Japanese Conversation written by Hiroko Tanaka and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2000-02-15 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the interpretation of grammar and turn-taking in Japanese talk-in-interaction from the perspective of conversation analysis. It pays special attention to the projectability patterns of turns in Japanese in comparison to English. Through qualitative and quantitative methods, it is shown that the postpositional grammatical structure and the predicate-final orientation in Japanese regularly result in a relatively delayed projectability of the possible point at which a current turn may become recognisably complete in comparison to English. Prior to such points, projectability is often limited to the progressive anticipation of small increments of talk. However, participants are able to achieve smooth speaker transitions with minimal gap or overlap through the use of specific grammatical and prosodic devices for marking possible points at which a transition may become relevant.
Book Synopsis Cross-Cultural Pragmatics by : Anna Wierzbicka
Download or read book Cross-Cultural Pragmatics written by Anna Wierzbicka and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2009-09-04 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, which can be seen as both a research monograph and a text book, challenges the approaches to human interaction based on supposedly universal "maxims of conversation" and "principles of politeness", which fly in the face of reality as experienced by millions of people - refugees, immigrants, crosscultural families, and so on. By contrast to such approaches, which can be of no use in crosscultural communication and education, this book is both theoretical and practical: it shows that in different societies, norms of human interaction are different and reflect different cultural attitudes and values; and it offers a framework within which different cultural norms and different ways of speaking can be effectively explored, explained, and taught. The book discusses data from a wide range of languages, including English, Italian, Russian, Polish, Yiddish, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, and Walmatjari (an Australian Aboriginal language), and it shows that the meanings expressed in human interaction and the different "cultural scripts" prevailing in different speech communities can be described and compared in a way that is clear, simple, rigorous, and free of ethnocentric bias by using a "natural semantic metalanguage", based on empirically established universal human concepts. As the book shows, this metalanguage can be used as a basis for teaching successful cross-cultural communication and education, including the teaching of languages in a cultural context.
Book Synopsis Turn-taking in human communicative interaction by : Judith Holler
Download or read book Turn-taking in human communicative interaction written by Judith Holler and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-05-09 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The core use of language is in face-to-face conversation. This is characterized by rapid turn-taking. This turn-taking poses a number central puzzles for the psychology of language. Consider, for example, that in large corpora the gap between turns is on the order of 100 to 300 ms, but the latencies involved in language production require minimally between 600 ms (for a single word) or 1500 ms (for as simple sentence). This implies that participants in conversation are predicting the ends of the incoming turn and preparing in advance. But how is this done? What aspects of this prediction are done when? What happens when the prediction is wrong? What stops participants coming in too early? If the system is running on prediction, why is there consistently a mode of 100 to 300 ms in response time? The timing puzzle raises further puzzles: it seems that comprehension must run parallel with the preparation for production, but it has been presumed that there are strict cognitive limitations on more than one central process running at a time. How is this bottleneck overcome? Far from being 'easy' as some psychologists have suggested, conversation may be one of the most demanding cognitive tasks in our everyday lives. Further questions naturally arise: how do children learn to master this demanding task, and what is the developmental trajectory in this domain? Research shows that aspects of turn-taking, such as its timing, are remarkably stable across languages and cultures, but the word order of languages varies enormously. How then does prediction of the incoming turn work when the verb (often the informational nugget in a clause) is at the end? Conversely, how can production work fast enough in languages that have the verb at the beginning, thereby requiring early planning of the whole clause? What happens when one changes modality, as in sign languages – with the loss of channel constraints is turn-taking much freer? And what about face-to-face communication amongst hearing individuals – do gestures, gaze, and other body behaviors facilitate turn-taking? One can also ask the phylogenetic question: how did such a system evolve? There seem to be parallels (analogies) in duetting bird species, and in a variety of monkey species, but there is little evidence of anything like this among the great apes. All this constitutes a neglected set of problems at the heart of the psychology of language and of the language sciences. This Research Topic contributes to advancing our understanding of these problems by summarizing recent work from psycholinguists, developmental psychologists, students of dialog and conversation analysis, linguists, phoneticians, and comparative ethologists.
Book Synopsis Gender, Language and Culture by : Lidia Tanaka
Download or read book Gender, Language and Culture written by Lidia Tanaka and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the relationship between gender, age and role in Japanese television interviews. It covers a wide range of topics on Japanese communication; cultural and gender variables are interwoven in the interpretation of the findings. The study shows how participants interact through language and how they project their identities in the context of the interview. Based on a qualitative analysis, speech in mixed and same gender interactions is analysed, turntaking, terms of address and aizuchi (listener's responses) are examined. The findings reveal interesting characteristics of all-female interactions, such as the influence of age that appears to be more important than gender; an observation that has repercussions in the study of gender and language differences in modern Japan. This book is an interdisciplinary study that integrates notions of politeness and theories of gender and language, and will be of interest to people researching Japanese culture and communication, gender studies and institutional language.
Book Synopsis Japanese Questions: Discourse, Context and Language by : Lidia Tanaka
Download or read book Japanese Questions: Discourse, Context and Language written by Lidia Tanaka and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2014-11-20 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Questions and interrogatives in Japanese discourse have attracted considerable interest from grammarians, but the communicative aspect has received little attention. This book fills this gap. Through detailed analyses of formal and informal interactions, this book demonstrates that the inherent multi-functional and polysemous aspect of language can also be observed in the use of questions. What emerges is a sense of the considerable variety of question forms and also an understanding of how questions are used to perform a wide range of social actions. The importance of context is stressed throughout the book; both in guiding the speakers' choices of question types and in helping to create the particular stance that characterizes those interactions. The data used in this book shows that speakers prefer questions that are not canonical. When speakers do use canonical questions, these are overwhelmingly accompanied by some mollifiers. This phenomenon suggests that in Japanese communication the illocutionary force of canonical questions is too strong. To soften the interaction, speakers tend to use other types of interrogative forms such as statements with rising intonation or, at least, to leave questions grammatically unfinished. The findings in this book contribute to the understanding of how Japanese speakers use questions in different communicative interactions and provide new evidence of the gap between prescriptive grammar and actual communication.
Book Synopsis The Pragmatics of Interaction by : Sigurd D'hondt
Download or read book The Pragmatics of Interaction written by Sigurd D'hondt and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2009 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ten volumes of "Handbook of Pragmatics Highlights" focus on the most salient topics in the field of pragmatics, thus dividing its wide interdisciplinary spectrum in a transparent and manageable way. While the other volumes select specific philosophical, cognitive, grammatical, social, cultural, variational, or discursive angles, this fourth volume is dedicated to the empirical investigation of the way human beings organize their interaction in natural environments and how they use talk for accomplishing actions and their contexts. Starting from Goffman s observation that interaction exhibits a structure in its own right that cannot be reduced to the psychological properties of the individual nor to society, it contains a selection of articles documenting the various levels of interactional organization. In addition to treatments of basic concepts such as sequence, participation, prosody and style and some topical articles on phenomena like reported speech and listener response, it also includes overviews of specific traditions (conversation analysis, ethnomethodology) and articles on eminent authors (Goffman, Sacks) who had a formative influence on the field."
Book Synopsis Multimodality, Interaction and Turn-taking in Mandarin Conversation by : Xiaoting Li
Download or read book Multimodality, Interaction and Turn-taking in Mandarin Conversation written by Xiaoting Li and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2014-07-17 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One major feature of conversation is that people take turns to speak. Based on audio and video recordings of naturally-occurring Mandarin conversation, this book explores the role of syntax, prosody, body movements as well as their interplay in turn organization in the temporal unfolding of action and interaction. Adopting the methodology of interactional linguistics, this book offers a fine-grained analysis of the three multimodal resources and the sequential environments in which they appear. It demonstrates that syntax, prosody and body movements not only converge but also diverge in projecting possible turn completion. As one of the few systematic studies of multimodality in Mandarin interaction, this book will be of interest to researchers in Chinese linguistics, interactional linguistics, conversation analysis, and multimodal analysis.
Book Synopsis Silence in Intercultural Communication by : Ikuko Nakane
Download or read book Silence in Intercultural Communication written by Ikuko Nakane and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2007-11-14 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How and why is silence used interculturally? Approaching the phenomenon of silence from multiple perspectives, this book shows how silence is used, perceived and at times misinterpreted in intercultural communication. Using a model of key aspects of silence in communication – linguistic, cognitive and sociopsychological – and fundamental levels of social organization – individual, situational and sociocultural - the book explores the intricate relationship between perceptions and performance of silence in interaction involving Japanese and Australian participants. Through a combination of macro- and micro- ethnographic analyses of university seminar interactions, the stereotypes of the ‘silent East’ is reconsidered, and the tension between local and sociocultural perspectives of intercultural communication is addressed. The book has relevance to researchers and students in intercultural pragmatics, discourse analysis and applied linguistics.
Book Synopsis Conversation Analysis by : Jack Sidnell
Download or read book Conversation Analysis written by Jack Sidnell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-09-17 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Conversation analysis' is an approach to the study of social interaction that focuses on practices of speaking that recur across a range of contexts and settings. The early studies in this tradition were based on the analysis of English conversation. More recently, however, conversation analysts have begun to study talk in a broader range of communities around the world. Through detailed analyses of recorded conversations, this book examines differences and similarities across a wide range of languages including Finnish, Japanese, Tzeltal Mayan, Russian and Mandarin. Bringing together interrelated methodological and analytic contributions, it explores topics such as the role of gaze in question-and-answer sequences, the organization of repair, and the design of responses to assessments. The emerging comparative perspective demonstrates how the structure of talk is inflected by the local circumstances within which it operates.
Book Synopsis Interaction and Grammar by : Elinor Ochs
Download or read book Interaction and Grammar written by Elinor Ochs and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-12-12 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores a rich variety of linkages between grammar and social interaction.
Author :Goro Christoph Kimura Publisher :John Benjamins Publishing Company ISBN 13 :9027261261 Total Pages :285 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (272 download)
Book Synopsis A Language Management Approach to Language Problems by : Goro Christoph Kimura
Download or read book A Language Management Approach to Language Problems written by Goro Christoph Kimura and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2020-05-20 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years there has been increased interest in examining the treatment of language problems across different levels of society, ranging from individual interactional issues to language policy and planning at the national or supra-national level. Among the various approaches to tackle this issue, Language Management Theory (LMT) provides a framework to address behaviour towards language problems on differet levels explicitly and comprehensively. Using LMT as a unifying theoretical concept, the chapters in this volume examine the links between micro and macro dimensions in their analyses of a variety of language problems in Asian and European contexts. This body of work illustrates that the LMT framework is able to show the characteristics of different dimensions clearly, especially when combined with a conceptualization of the micro and macro as a continuum of intertwining elements. This volume will appeal both to those interested in language policy and planning as well as those interested in interaction between speakers from different language backgrounds.
Book Synopsis Conversation Analytic Perspectives on English Language Learning, Teaching and Testing in Global Contexts by : Hanh thi Nguyen
Download or read book Conversation Analytic Perspectives on English Language Learning, Teaching and Testing in Global Contexts written by Hanh thi Nguyen and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2019-02-26 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume brings together 10 cutting-edge empirical studies on the realities of English language learning, teaching and testing in a wide range of global contexts where English is an additional language. It covers three themes: learners’ development of interactional competence, the organization of teaching and testing practices, and sociocultural and ideological forces that may impact classroom interaction. With a decided focus on English-as-a-Foreign-Language contexts, the studies involve varied learner populations, from children to young adults to adults, in different learning environments around the world. The insights gained will be of interest to EFL professionals, as well as teacher trainers, policymakers and researchers.
Book Synopsis Research Perspectives on English for Academic Purposes by : Matthew Peacock
Download or read book Research Perspectives on English for Academic Purposes written by Matthew Peacock and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-03-15 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of specially commissioned articles examines theory and practice in EAP.
Book Synopsis International Management and Language by : Susanne Tietze
Download or read book International Management and Language written by Susanne Tietze and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalization processes have resulted in the emergence of business and management networks in which the sharing of knowledge is of crucial importance. Combining two contemporary and important subject areas – namely that of international management and also language and communication in multi-language contexts – the author of this book presents a wealth of ideas, examples and applications taken from international and global contexts, which show that ‘language matters’ in the pursuit of international business affairs. The book establishes the theoretical core of its main ideas by introducing two orientations (social construction and linguistic relativity) and demonstrates how they can be drawn on to frame and understand the activities of managers. Highly innovative and topical, Susanne Tietze’s book will appeal to students of international management and international human resource management as well as those studying intercultural communication. It is also useful for managers and practitioners who work internationally.
Book Synopsis Language, Social Structure, and Culture by :
Download or read book Language, Social Structure, and Culture written by and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comparing Japanese and American interaction, Language, Social Structure, and Culture argues that language use is instrumental in the construction of social structure and culture. In order to ground the work in empirical evidence, verbal interaction in similar situations Japanese and American cooking classes is compared. Unlike other studies of verbal interaction, a genre analysis approach is used to examine regular patterns at three levels of language use: interaction, discourse, and grammar. Collectively, these patterns exhibit both similarities and differences across the classes in the two cultures, creating the unique event that has been institutionalized as a cooking class in each culture. In concluding, the author suggests that genre analysis is a useful approach for cross-cultural research in that it provides information about situation-specific language use, but also information about what aspects of linguistic structure are likely to become conventionalized across languages and cultures, across situations, and across time.
