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Turkeys Trade Liberalization And Its Accession To The European Union Customs Union
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Book Synopsis Turkey's Trade Liberalization and It's Accession to the European Union Customs Union by : Skanderbeg Schmusch
Download or read book Turkey's Trade Liberalization and It's Accession to the European Union Customs Union written by Skanderbeg Schmusch and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-10 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 1.3, Marmara University (Department of Economics), course: Turkish Economy, 22 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: People living in Turkey might have very well experienced it, people, like the author, looking at Turkey as an independant observer, might not know it too much. Since it's foundation in 1923, Turkey witnessed turbulent times almost thoroughgoing the 20th Century. Political as well as economical wise. Economically the climax was reached when Turkey felt into international insolvency in 1978. From then on, although attempts were made in earlier years too, large reforms were introduced. In this paper we will look at the Turkey's trade policy before and after the liberalization reforms of the 1980's. Trade liberalization mostly implies less intervention by the government in the traded goods sectors. But whether a less interventionist trade regime results in a less distorted, more open and outward oriented economy will depend on the characteristics of the pre- and post-reform trade and exchange rate regimes. This paper aims to present a general survey about Turkish trade policy: a bird's eye view. The author therefore abstains from generating a model and test the impact of the reforms on one single industry. Instead, such regression results are rather resorted to other studies, in order to generate an appropriate picture of the trade liberalization as a whole without getting stucked into detail too much on the one hand, and without staying out of detail too much on the other hand. The rst section outlines the economical background of Turkey from the pre-1980-reform period at rst and con- tinues with a presentation of the reforms imposed from 1980 onwards. It draws a historical picture as well as it points out the main impacts on the export and import pattern of Turkey's foreign trade. The following section deals with Turkey's accession of the Customs Uni
Book Synopsis Turkey's trade liberalization and it's accession to the European Union Customs Union by : Skanderbeg Schmusch
Download or read book Turkey's trade liberalization and it's accession to the European Union Customs Union written by Skanderbeg Schmusch and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-10-08 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 1.3, Marmara University (Department of Economics), course: Turkish Economy, language: English, abstract: People living in Turkey might have very well experienced it, people, like the author, looking at Turkey as an independant observer, might not know it too much. Since it's foundation in 1923, Turkey witnessed turbulent times almost thoroughgoing the 20th Century. Political as well as economical wise. Economically the climax was reached when Turkey felt into international insolvency in 1978. From then on, although attempts were made in earlier years too, large reforms were introduced. In this paper we will look at the Turkey's trade policy before and after the liberalization reforms of the 1980's. Trade liberalization mostly implies less intervention by the government in the traded goods sectors. But whether a less interventionist trade regime results in a less distorted, more open and outward oriented economy will depend on the characteristics of the pre- and post-reform trade and exchange rate regimes. This paper aims to present a general survey about Turkish trade policy: a bird's eye view. The author therefore abstains from generating a model and test the impact of the reforms on one single industry. Instead, such regression results are rather resorted to other studies, in order to generate an appropriate picture of the trade liberalization as a whole without getting stucked into detail too much on the one hand, and without staying out of detail too much on the other hand. The rst section outlines the economical background of Turkey from the pre-1980-reform period at rst and con- tinues with a presentation of the reforms imposed from 1980 onwards. It draws a historical picture as well as it points out the main impacts on the export and import pattern of Turkey's foreign trade. The following section deals with Turkey's accession of the Customs Union of the European Union in 1996. There is economical and politacal weight ascribed to the accesion as it is seen to be a major step towards a full membership of the European Union for Turkey. After outdrawing the historical backgrounds of the accesion, we will look at its impact on trade for several sectors, mainly by examining a study done by De Santis in 2001. Another section shows some empirical observations on trade indicators and their change in respect to the liberalization reforms.
Book Synopsis The Customs Union Between Turkey and the EU by : Susanne Voigt
Download or read book The Customs Union Between Turkey and the EU written by Susanne Voigt and published by Diplomica Verlag. This book was released on 2008 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper shall investigate the trade integration between Turkey and the EU. The plan of the book is as follows. At first the historical background of the development concerning the trade relations between the two parties is conveyed. This includes the period from first association to implementing a customs union (CU) between Turkey and the European Union (EU) and to deeper integration abolishing barriers of trade until today. Subsequently an evaluation of the influence of the customs union follows in chapter 3 which constitutes the main part of the paper. Hereby the analysis is divided into the short-term static and long-term dynamic effects of the CU with the EU that Turkey entered on 1st January 1996. To analyze the static effects this paper adopts Viner's traditional approach, by comparing the trade creation effects with the trade diversion effects resulting from the removal of trade restrictions for Turkey and the EU as a whole. Thus, the predominant economical theory applied in this paper is the neoclassical customs union theory. This theory was chosen because it still is the predominant and widely recognized theory in analyzing trade data providing a variety of tools. Within the neoclassical theory Ricardo as well as Heckscher-Ohlin play an important role as a tool of analysis. In the relevant passages in the text the most important theoretical principles will be explained with the help of the Turkish example. At the limits of the neoclassical theories the new trade theory is supposed to help out especially where the assumptions of the neoclassical theory limit further analysis. It is the purpose of this paper to analyze the question how the trade liberalization in form of the CU between Turkey and the EU influences the development of Turkish welfare, specialization in different sectors, economies of scale, competitiveness, technological transfer and direct foreign investment. In some parts of the paper the analysis also refers to some effects for the EU, bu
Book Synopsis Economic Implications for Turkey of a Customs Union with the European Union by : Glenn W. Harrison
Download or read book Economic Implications for Turkey of a Customs Union with the European Union written by Glenn W. Harrison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Turkey written by Bernard M. Hoekman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005-06-20 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What requirements must Turkey the largest country among the candidate and accession countries meet to join the European Union? What progress has been made toward meeting them? This timely volume analyzes the economic challenges confronting Turkey in its quest to accede to the European Union (EU). It focuses on the extent to which Turkey is ready to join the Single Market, comply with the EU's body of economic regulations and directives, the 'Acquis Communautaire', and meet the Maastricht criteria for fiscal, monetary, and exchange rate policies. This book also provides an assessment of Turkey's national program to meet the accession requirements. It describes briefly what Turkey needs to achieve on the economic policy front to satisfy the conditions for accession, the progress to date, and the likely consequences of implementing the full body of EU requirements. The book is divided into four parts: An analysis of the macroeconomic policies for EU accession An analysis of the effects of integration on key sectors: agriculture; manufacturing; services industries, including banking, telecommunications, transportation, and natural gas; and network industries An exploration of key economic policy challenges, including labor market regulation, foreign direct investment challenges, and the costs and benefits of meeting the EU environmental 'Acquis' The quantification of the impact of EU accession and consideration of the welfare effects of integration While the focus is on the specific situation of Turkey, the subject will be of value to all researchers with an interest in the challenges of deeper integration through regional agreements.
Book Synopsis Economic Implications for Turkey of a Customs Union with the European Union by : David Tarr
Download or read book Economic Implications for Turkey of a Customs Union with the European Union written by David Tarr and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: May 1996 Turkey stands to gain from 1 to 1.5 percent of GDP annually from the customs union arrangement with the European Union. It also stands to lose about 1.4 percent of GDP from lost tariff revenues. Applying the value-added tax (VAT) uniformly (instead of just raising it) would allow VAT rates to fall while compensating for the revenue loss from reduced tariffs and increasing the welfare gain from the customs union. Turkey and the European Union (EU) have agreed to implement a customs union. This means Turkey will eliminate its tariffs and levies on imports of manufactured products from the European Union. Turkey will also apply the EU's common external tariff on imports from third countries. Turkey will be obligated by 2001 to provide preferential access to its markets to all countries to which the EU grants such access. Since Turkey is both eliminating tariffs on EU imports and reducing tariffs on imports from third countries, it will become a rather open economy in nonagricultural sectors, with tariffs below 2 percent (zero for imports from the EU and slightly over an average 3 percent for third countries). And since preferential access agreements with third countries will typically be reciprocal, Turkish exporters can expect improved access to those markets. According to Harrison, Rutherford, and Tarr, Turkey's biggest gains from the customs union arrangement will come from this improved access to third country markets. Using a comparative static computable general equilibrium model of Turkey, they estimate that Turkey stands to gain between 1 and 1.5 percent of GDP annually from the customs union arrangement with the EU, depending on what complementary policies it adopts. They also estimate that lost tariff revenues will amount to 1.4 percent of GDP. For Turkey to avoid worsening its fiscal deficit, it must find ways to reduce expenditures or increase revenues. Its best choice is to reduce expenditures through accelerating privatization of state-owned enterprises which will generate a number of macroeconomic and efficiency benefits in addition to the fiscal benefits. If a value-added tax (VAT) is used as a replacement tax, they estimate that VAT rates must increase 16.2 percent in each sector -- for example, from 10 percent to 11.6 percent -- to compensate for the revenue losses from implementing the full customs union. But uniform application of the VAT would allow the VAT rates to fall while still compensating for the loss from reduced tariffs and would increase the welfare gain from the customs union. This paper -- a product of the International Trade Division, International Economics Department -- is part of a larger effort in the department to analyze the impact of regional trading arrangements. The study was funded, in part, by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project The Impact of EC92 and Trade Integration on Selected Mediterranean Countries (RPO 675-64).
Book Synopsis Economic Liberalisation and Turkey by : Sübidey Togan
Download or read book Economic Liberalisation and Turkey written by Sübidey Togan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-04-05 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The experience of Turkey, its approach to liberalization and its measures to eliminate barriers to trade serve as a useful model for other neighboring countries of the European Union. This book examines the impact of economic liberalization in Turkey and its approach to the elimination of barriers to trade.
Book Synopsis EU-Turkey Relations by : Wulf Reiners
Download or read book EU-Turkey Relations written by Wulf Reiners and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book explores the new complexities and ambiguities that epitomize EU-Turkey relations. With a strong focus on the developments in the last decade, the book provides full access to a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted relationship through three entry points: (1) Theories and Concepts, (2) Institutions, and (3) Policies. Part I brings together complementary and competing analytical approaches to study the evolution of EU-Turkey relations, ranging from traditional integration theories to novel concepts. Part II investigates the institutional machinery of EU-Turkey relations by analyzing the roles and perspectives of the European Council, the European Commission, and the European Parliament. Part III offers analyses of the policies most relevant for the relationship: enlargement policy, trade and macroeconomic policies, foreign and security policy, migration and asylum policies, and energy policy. In Part IV, the volume closes with a systematic survey of the conditions under which cooperative trends in EU-Turkey relations could be (re)invigorated. The systematic setup and the balanced combination of distinguished experts from EU- and Turkey-based institutions make this book a fundamental reading for students, researchers, lecturers, and practitioners of EU-Turkey relations, European integration and Turkish foreign policy. Wulf Reiners is Senior Researcher and Head of the Managing Global Governance (MGG) Program of the German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut fur Entwicklungspolitik (DIE). Ebru Turhan is Assistant Professor at the Department of Political Science and International Relations, Turkish-German University in Istanbul, Turkey.
Author :Constantine Arvanitopoulos Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :3540881972 Total Pages :225 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (48 download)
Book Synopsis Turkey’s Accession to the European Union by : Constantine Arvanitopoulos
Download or read book Turkey’s Accession to the European Union written by Constantine Arvanitopoulos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-28 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: European views on Turkey’s membership in the EU have been split between those in support of its full integration and those advocating a privileged partnership. To the extent that many of the latter proposals imply that Turkey will be partially integrated within Europe in certain areas, the question of Turkey’s accession is probably not about ‘if’, but about ‘how much’ integration there will be within the Union’s structures. The purpose of this book is not to offer a definitive response to this question. The book aims instead to examine the complexity of the issues pertaining to Turkey’s prospective EU membership by presenting several, often divergent, accounts of the political, security and socio-economic dimensions of the entire process. The book provides a forum for an exchange of views among distinguished scholars and researchers from different national backgrounds in order to contribute to the ongoing public discussion of Turkey’s accession. Sophisticated, informative and refreshing in its argumentation, the book provides an excellent overview of the complexities of Turkey’s accession to the EU membership. Professor Mustafa Aydin, TOBB University of Economics and Technology A refreshing view from the European periphery, an original mirror of the Union's central challenges. Professor Georges Prevelakis, University of Paris 1 – Panthéon-Sorbonne
Book Synopsis The Customs Union by : Commission of the European Communities
Download or read book The Customs Union written by Commission of the European Communities and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tracing the Economic Transformation of Turkey from the 1920s to EU Accession by : Tevfik Nas
Download or read book Tracing the Economic Transformation of Turkey from the 1920s to EU Accession written by Tevfik Nas and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2008-06-04 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing valuable lessons for emerging economies, this book examines Turkey’s economic development and growth from the early 1920s to the present, and documents its transformation to a thriving market economy in the process of negotiating its entry into the EU.
Book Synopsis Turkey and the European Union by : Senem Aydin-Düzgit
Download or read book Turkey and the European Union written by Senem Aydin-Düzgit and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-06-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book by two leading experts provides a comprehensive analysis of Turkey's relationship with the European Union, set in its regional and international context. It provides three analytical lenses through which the relationship might be understood – Turkey as an enlargement country, as an EU neighbour and as a global partner – and unpacks the implications of each. Turkey and the European Union focuses on the five pillars that help define the relationship: economics, migration, security, democracy and human rights, and culture and identity. It shows how the differing perspectives on Turkey's role can influence events and developments in these areas, and it traces the profound fluctuations in relations, from the Association Agreement of 1963, to the candidacy for full membership of 1999, to the limbo of today. Turkey continues to be a critically important country for the European Union. The relationship has consequences that are both ideational, embedded in history, politics, identity and culture, and material, relating to economics, energy and security. In examining this complex relationship, this book addresses a key issue for Europe's future, and does so in a fashion that is both sophisticated and accessible.
Book Synopsis Economic Implications for Turkey of Customs Union with the European Union by : Glenn W. Harrison
Download or read book Economic Implications for Turkey of Customs Union with the European Union written by Glenn W. Harrison and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Turkey and EU Integration by : Çigdem Nas
Download or read book Turkey and EU Integration written by Çigdem Nas and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-05-18 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What has been achieved regarding Turkey’s efforts at integration to the EU and what obstacles remain to it achieving full membership? Like other developing countries, Turkey displays visible signs of advancement with rapid increases in living standards, greater mobility and the rapid spread of technology. Much of its legislation and political, economic and administrative systems are also now aligned to the EU and this process has undoubtedly contributed to democratization and modernization. At the same time problems in politics and society persist; the Gezi protests, limitations of freedom of expression, frequent occupational accidents in the mining and construction sectors, honour killings and political upheaval which has manifested itself most starkly with the recent coup attempt all call attention to the challenges facing a country in the process of change. Charting the political, legal and economic relations between Turkey and the European Union since 1959 this book explores the relationship through phases such as association, customs union and candidacy. Each chapter covers a particular period in the relations and/or a theme which has both current and overall relevance to the conduct of the relations. In this way, the authors examine the impact of the EU in affecting change, what has been achieved and the obstacles that remain.
Book Synopsis The Liberalization of Transportation Services in the EU and Turkey by : Sübidey Togan
Download or read book The Liberalization of Transportation Services in the EU and Turkey written by Sübidey Togan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-06-17 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transport costs have been, and still are, an important component of trade costs, which are one the major determinants of the volume of trade, and thus of gross domestic product (GDP) and GDP growth. Studies show that two of the main determinants of transport costs are regulatory frameworks in transport sectors and transport infrastructure. The productivity and competitiveness of goods and services firms depends largely on access to low-cost and high-quality transport services, and those services have a powerful influence on economic growth. Countries commit themselves to increasing the efficiency of transport services, which can largely be achieved through increased competition and hence through liberalization of transport sectors. Since barriers to trade in transport services are typically regulatory in nature, this book provides a thorough discussion of international, regional, and country specific rules and regulations in those sectors. Concentrating on the EU, and Turkey in particular, it considers rules and regulations in transport sectors. It shows that economic liberalization pursued unilaterally, multilaterally, or regionally has beneficial effects for Turkey, and that the benefits from such liberalization are substantial. Furthermore, the volume shows that transport infrastructure is an important determinant of exports, and hence GDP and GDP growth.
Book Synopsis Turkey and the European Union by : Ali Carkoglu
Download or read book Turkey and the European Union written by Ali Carkoglu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-11-23 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These papers examine the history behind Turkey's application for EU membership. The contributors tackle the thorny issues of Cyprus, Turkey's attitude towards a common defence policy and Turkish parliamentarians' views on the nation's relations with the European Union.
Book Synopsis Economic Implications for Turkey of a Customs Union with the European Union by : Glenn W. Harrison
Download or read book Economic Implications for Turkey of a Customs Union with the European Union written by Glenn W. Harrison and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turkey stands to gain fro ...
