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Trade Policy And Exchange Rate Issues In The Former Soviet Union
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Book Synopsis Trade Policy and Exchange Rate Issues in the Former Soviet Union by : Warner Max Corden
Download or read book Trade Policy and Exchange Rate Issues in the Former Soviet Union written by Warner Max Corden and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1992 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One approach to trade policy among the former Soviet republics is to have no trade policy - to have completely free trade with convertibility for current account transactions. Trade policy should be transparent. Any tariff and export tax structures should be simple. Quantitative controls should be avoided. And no barriers to existing trade between the republics should be introduced.
Book Synopsis The Economics Of Soviet Bloc Trade And Finance by : Franklyn D Holzman
Download or read book The Economics Of Soviet Bloc Trade And Finance written by Franklyn D Holzman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-26 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflecting Professor Holzman's important work, this book deals with major issues relating to both East-West and intra-bloc trade. Professor Holzman explores the transition in Soviet bloc economies over the past fifteen years from balanced hard-currency trade to large deficits with the West and the consequent development of a huge hard-currency debt. He compares the causes and treatments of deficits in planned economies with those in market economies and explores the dramatic differences in foreign trade behavior exhibited by Eastern and Western nations and the difficulties that arise when these conflicting systems interact in world markets. He also assesses the impact of Western economic warfare on the Soviet Union and makes recommendations for future U.S. trade policy. The author next turns to the issue of intra-bloc trade. In its early years the USSR economically exploited the smaller East European nations, but many argue that the Soviet Union now subsidizes trade with its partners in the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance in exchange for political, military, and ideological support–an argument that Professor Holzman strongly challenges. He also contends that CMEA, when viewed as a preferential trade group or customs union, has been markedly unsuccessful. On another level, Professor Holzman assesses the causes and possible cures for the serious, chronic problems related to currency inconvertibility, rigid bilateralism, and inability to use exchange rates as tools of economic adjustment. In an international economy growing ever more interdependent, the issues raised in these previously uncollected essays will continue to gain in importance as East and West meet in trade.
Book Synopsis Trade and Payments After Soviet Disintegration by : John Williamson
Download or read book Trade and Payments After Soviet Disintegration written by John Williamson and published by Peterson Institute. This book was released on 1992 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Trade and Payments Arrangements for States of the Former USSR by : Constantine Michalopoulos
Download or read book Trade and Payments Arrangements for States of the Former USSR written by Constantine Michalopoulos and published by Washington, D.C. : World Bank. This book was released on 1992 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In early 1992, trade among the 15 state of the former USSR had declined dramatically, and trade relations were in disarray. This study discusses the incentives in the interstate trading environment of 1992 that have led to interstate export controls and the decline in interstate trade and proposes solutions that address the incentive problem. The study proposes methods for allowing enterprise-to-enterprise trade after the introduction of new, possibly inconvertible, currencies by independent states. The advantages and disadvantages of a clearing union, and an auction market for rubles in countries with new currencies are discussed. The study explains why enterprises face little competition from imports from outside the former USSR now, but why external import competition may become a serious concern after the introduction of new currencies or convertibility. It evaluates the case for preferential trading arrangements among the 15 states as a transitional device for easing unemployment and elaborates why any differential protection provided should be moderate and transitory.
Book Synopsis Foreign Trade In Eastern Europe And The Soviet Union by : Michael FriedlAnder
Download or read book Foreign Trade In Eastern Europe And The Soviet Union written by Michael FriedlAnder and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-11 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second yearbook of The Vienna Institute for Comparative Economic Studies presents studies dealing with the economic situation in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. Its foreign trade analysis offers insights into the ongoing transition process from centrally planned to market-oriented systems.
Book Synopsis The Choice of Exchange Rate and Monetary Policies in Countries of the Former Soviet Union by : Richard W. T. Pomfret
Download or read book The Choice of Exchange Rate and Monetary Policies in Countries of the Former Soviet Union written by Richard W. T. Pomfret and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reflections on Perestroyka and the Foreign Economic Ties of the USSR by : Bela A. Balassa
Download or read book Reflections on Perestroyka and the Foreign Economic Ties of the USSR written by Bela A. Balassa and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1989 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The exploitation of the Soviet Union's foreign trade potential would necessiate adopting a realistic exchange rate and increasing the foreign exchange retention quotas for direct and indirect exporters. It would also require reforms of domestic policies.
Book Synopsis The USSR’s Management of Foreign Trade by : V.P. Gruzinov
Download or read book The USSR’s Management of Foreign Trade written by V.P. Gruzinov and published by Springer. This book was released on 1979-06-17 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Trade Policy Issues by : Ms.Naheed Kirmani
Download or read book Trade Policy Issues written by Ms.Naheed Kirmani and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-04-15 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book edited by Chorng-Huey Wong and Naheed Kirmani, examines a wide range of trade policy issues relevant in the 1990s that were the subject of a seminar organized by the IMF in 1996. The topics include the design and implementation of trade reform, trade liberalization in industrial and transition economies, regional trading arrangements, the impact of the Uruguay Round, the role of the World Trade Organization, and post Uruguay Round issues.
Book Synopsis Russia and the World Economy by : Alan Smith
Download or read book Russia and the World Economy written by Alan Smith and published by Taylor & Francis US. This book was released on 1993 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses economic policy issues up to the end of 1991. Presents the historical and political background of the economic climate.
Book Synopsis Trade Issues in the New Independent States by : Constantine Michalopoulos
Download or read book Trade Issues in the New Independent States written by Constantine Michalopoulos and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1993 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Internationale Gemeinschaft diesen Prozeß fördern.
Book Synopsis Price and Currency Reform in Russia and the CIS by : Brigitte Granville
Download or read book Price and Currency Reform in Russia and the CIS written by Brigitte Granville and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Soviet Foreign Trade by : S.H. Gardner
Download or read book Soviet Foreign Trade written by S.H. Gardner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The enigma of Soviet society is nowhere more strikingly manifested than in its economic relations with the outside world. Western business people, even those with representative offices in Moscow, often describe their negotiations with the Soviets as a veritable black-box affair. Offers for purchase and sale are funneled into the bureaucracy, usually via the Ministry of Foreign Trade, where they are digested for very long periods of time. When a response emerges, little is usually known about the level at which decisions were made, and even less is known about the criteria that were employed to make them. In the abstract, at least, foreign trade decision making in the Western market economies is a rather simple exercise. An American consumer will purchase a Toyota rather than a comparable Chrysler if its price, expressed in dollars at the market exchange rate, is lower. The influences of governmental tariffs, quantitative restrictions, foreign exchange controls, "buy American" policies, and the like, are usually of only secondary importance. In contrast, the Soviet consumer, whether an individual or an industrial enterprise, does not generally have the authority to order the importation of goods or services. That authority is concentrated at the top of Soviet society and administered through a labyrinthine system of overlapping bureaucratic agencies. Furthermore, those Soviet agencies cannot respond to price signals in the same way as the American consumer can, because Soviet domestic prices and exchange rates are themselves set rather arbitrarily by governmental agencies.
Book Synopsis Trade Policies for Development and Transition by : David G Tarr
Download or read book Trade Policies for Development and Transition written by David G Tarr and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2016-12-29 with total page 695 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author has virtually incomparable experience in both providing trade policy advice to more than 25 countries on behalf of the World Bank and also publishing quality journal articles in most of those cases. In this volume, he focuses on his work on: (i) trade policies for countries making the transition from planned to market economies; (ii) his trade policy guideline papers for the World Bank on trade policies for poverty alleviation, uniform tariff policy, adjustment costs of trade liberalization, exchange rate overvaluation, globalization and technology transfer and rules of thumb on regional trade policies; (iii) multilateral, dynamic and environmental issues in trade policy using computable general equilibrium models; (iv) trade policy of the United States in the auto and steel industries; and (v) mathematical methods for modeling. The papers show an unusual combination of policy relevance, advice and impact, with rigor and international trade theory insights. The papers in this volume have appeared in many of the economics profession's more prestigious journals, including Econometrica, Review of Economic Studies, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Economic Journal, the Journal of International Economics, International Economic Review, European Economic Review, Canadian Journal of Economics, Economic Inquiry, the Journal of Comparative Economic, Review of International Economics, World Economy, the Southern Economic Journal, the World Bank Economic Review, the Japanese Economic Review and the Latin American Journal of Economics. In this book, the author elaborates on the articles by discussing some of the policy contexts for the requests for the work from developing and transition countries to the World Bank, the key trade theory or policy insights, policy recommendations and conclusions and the policy impacts.
Book Synopsis Conducting Monetary and Credit Policy in Countries of the Former Soviet Union by : Hugh Bredenkamp
Download or read book Conducting Monetary and Credit Policy in Countries of the Former Soviet Union written by Hugh Bredenkamp and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1993-03 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper surveys some of the principal monetary policy issues facing countries of the former U.S.S.R. The emphasis is on the immediate problem of imposing financial discipline in these economies, to bring down inflation quickly and decisively. Possible options for the essential nominal anchor are considered, together with the problems of selecting appropriate targets and instruments for monetary policy needed to make that anchor effective. It is argued that, if the stabilization effort is to be sustained, discipline must be imposed at the micro- as well as the macro-level, and the paper suggests a second-best approach to the allocation of credit in the absence of well-functioning credit markets.
Book Synopsis Economic Adjustment and Reform in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union by : Franklyn D. Holzman
Download or read book Economic Adjustment and Reform in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union written by Franklyn D. Holzman and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic reform, structural adjustment, macroeconomic stabilization, and participation in the world economy are interconnected aspects of the same issue: the long-term economic viability of centrally planned economies in the rapidly changing economic environment of the modern world. Any economic strategy that focuses on only one or two of these aspects at the expense of the others is likely to fail; yet even strategies that build on all of these bases may well fail unless political leaders can muster exceptional skill, garner international support, and enjoy some good luck. The contributions to this volume reflect the recent research on this issue by various specialists on the economies of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. Each author emphasizes macroeconomic stabilization, structural adjustment, participation in the larger world economy, or ecomonic reform.
Book Synopsis Trade Policy Reform in the East Asian Transition Economies by : Will Martin
Download or read book Trade Policy Reform in the East Asian Transition Economies written by Will Martin and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: January 2001 There has been no single magic formula for the success of the East Asian transition economies (Cambodia, China, Lao People's Democratic Republic, and Vietnam), whose performance in export and income growth has been strikingly better than that of transition economies in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Most of the trade policy problems that remain in these East Asian economies appear to be problems more of development than of transition. The performance of the East Asian transition economies in export and income growth has been strikingly better than that of countries in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. The East Asian economies have achieved remarkably high growth rates in outputs and exports without the often large declines in output and exports observed in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. East Asian reformers have successfully made many of the parallel changes needed in both domestic and trade policies to secure export and income growth. (It makes no sense, for example, to introduce the trade policy instruments of a market economy when the domestic economy is still based on central planning.) But there has been no single magic formula for their success. Martin discusses what each of the economies (Cambodia, China, Lao People's Democratic Republic, and Vietnam) has done. China experienced an extended transition process; the transition was much shorter in other East Asian transition economies--especially Cambodia. Several of the East Asian transition economies used accession to a regional arrangement as part of their reform strategy. China focused mainly on unilateral reforms and, more recently, reforms associated with its accession to the World Trade Organization. Most have made extensive use of policies to attract foreign investment and to mitigate the burden of protection on manufacturing exporters. Most of the remaining trade policy problems, although difficult, appear to be problems more of development than of transition. This paper--a product of Trade, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the role of trade reform in successful development and poverty alleviation. The author may be contacted at [email protected].
