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Trade Adjustment Costs In Developing Countries
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Author :Guido Gustavo Porto Publisher :Centre for Economic Policy Research ISBN 13 :9781907142086 Total Pages :0 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (42 download)
Book Synopsis Trade Adjustment Costs in Developing Countries by : Guido Gustavo Porto
Download or read book Trade Adjustment Costs in Developing Countries written by Guido Gustavo Porto and published by Centre for Economic Policy Research. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the state of knowledge in the economic literature on trade and development regarding the costs of adjustment to trade openness and how adjustment takes place in developing countries. The contributions by leading experts look at: *the magnitude of trade adjustment costs in the presence of frictions in factor markets; *the impacts of trade shocks and greater trade openness; *the factors that affect the way trade, especially exports, adjust; *trade adjustment assistance programs in the U.S. and compensation schemes for farmers in the EU. The book will be relevant to academics, students, policy-makers and trade practitioners alike. Too often, policymakers avoid more open trade because they fear the adjustment costs, while proponents of such open trade overlook or dismiss them. This comprehensive set of papers takes these costs seriously and helps us appreciate where both sides go wrong. It provides an extremely useful survey of what we know and what we still need to know if the benefits from trade are to be more widespread within developing countries --Robert Lawrence, Albert L Williams Professor of International Trade Harvard Kennedy School.Trade expansion generates huge potential gains to developing countries, but it may also produce pains to specific socio-economic groups. This volume by world-renowned trade and labour experts offers the first comprehensive assessment of how trade adjustment takes place in developing countries, what its costs are and how policy can help mitigate them. As such it is an important and timely contribution to the debate on the costs and benefits of globalisation for developing countries.A --Andre Sapir, Professor of Economics, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, and former Economic Advisor to the President of the European Commission
Book Synopsis Adjusting to Trade Policy Reform by : Steven J. Matusz
Download or read book Adjusting to Trade Policy Reform written by Steven J. Matusz and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A survey of more than 50 empirical papers shows that the adjustment costs of trade liberalization are small relative to the benefits. Moreover, manufacturing employment typically increases with trade liberalization. The limited data suggest that trade liberalization reduces poverty.Virtually all of the studies that quantify the adjustment costs of trade liberalization relative to the benefits point to the conclusion that adjustment costs are small in relation to the benefits of trade liberalization.The explanation for low adjustment costs is that: These costs are typically short term and end when workers find a job, but the benefits grow as the economy does. Unemployment doesn't last long, especially where workers' pay was not substantial in the original job. Normal labor turnover often exceeds job displacement from trade liberalization.Moreover, studies that examine the impact of trade liberalization on employment in developing countries find there is little decline - and usually an increase - in manufacturing employment in developing countries a year after trade liberalization, for three reasons: Developing countries tend to have comparative advantage in labor-intensive industries, and trade liberalization tends to favor labor. Interindustry shifts occur after trade liberalization, which minimizes the dislocation of factors of production. In many industries normal labor turnover exceeds dislocation from trade liberalization, so downsizing, when necessary, can be accomplished without much forced unemployment. Matusz and Tarr recommend a uniform tariff to minimize special-interest lobbying for protection since it diffuses the benefits of protection.This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of larger effort in the group to examine how trade liberalization affects growth and poverty reduction. David Tarr may be contacted at dtarr @worldbank.org.
Book Synopsis Trade Adjustment in Asia by : Marc Bacchetta
Download or read book Trade Adjustment in Asia written by Marc Bacchetta and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Adjusting to Trade Policy Reform by : Steven Joseph Matusz
Download or read book Adjusting to Trade Policy Reform written by Steven Joseph Matusz and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A survey of more than 50 empirical papers shows that the adjustment costs of trade liberalization are small relative to the benefits. Moreover, manufacturing employment typically increases with trade liberalization. The limited data suggests that trade liberalization reduces poverty.
Book Synopsis Trade, Employment, and Adjustment by : Charles S. Pearson
Download or read book Trade, Employment, and Adjustment written by Charles S. Pearson and published by IRPP. This book was released on 1983 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hard Bargaining Ahead by : Ernest H. Preeg
Download or read book Hard Bargaining Ahead written by Ernest H. Preeg and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on 1985 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A well-integrated volume which analyzes major trade problems and sets forth concrete, reasonable proposals for dealing with them." --Foreign Affairs North-South trade relations are deeply troubled. U.S. exports to developing countries declined by $19.2 billion for 1980-83, at the cost of some 1.1 million jobs in the U.S. export sector. Many developing countries, meanwhile, face financial crises that can only be resolved over the long run through resumed expansion of trade. In this volume, distinguished practitioners and academics identify specific policy objectives for the United States on issues that will be prominent in the proposed new round of GATT negotiations: adjustment of U.S. firms and workers to imports from developing countries, including sensitive sectors such as textile and steel; transition or "graduation" of the newly industrialized countries of East Asia and Latin America to a more reciprocal basis of access to markets; special benefits for the poorest or least developed countries; and preferential trading arrangements.
Book Synopsis trade costs, barriers to entry, and export diversification in developing countries by : Allen Dennis
Download or read book trade costs, barriers to entry, and export diversification in developing countries written by Allen Dennis and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper finds that a 1 percent reduction in the cost of exporting or the cost of international transport is associated with an export diversification gain of 0.3 percent or 0.4 percent respectively. Lower domestic market entry costs can also promote diversification, but the elasticity is weaker (-0.1). To obtain these results, the authors construct new measures of export diversification for 118 developing countries using highly detailed 8-digit mirror data from the European Union. The analysis also incorporates new export cost data from the World Bank's Doing Business database, covering document preparation, inland transport, administrative fees, and port/customs charges. Findings are highly robust, including to the use of geography and colonial history as instruments for trade and entry costs. Both the signs and relative magnitudes of these effects are consistent with predictions from a heterogeneous firms model of trade with asymmetric costs.
Download or read book Sticky Feet written by Claire H. Hollweg and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-07-03 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report quantifies labor mobility costs in developing countries and simulates the implied adjustment paths of employment and wages following a change in trade policy. High mobility costs are shown to reduce the potential gains to trade reform.
Book Synopsis Economic Policy Responses to Preference Erosion by : Bernard M. Hoekman
Download or read book Economic Policy Responses to Preference Erosion written by Bernard M. Hoekman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade preferences are a central issue in ongoing efforts to negotiate further multilateral trade liberalization. "Less preferred" countries are increasingly concerned about the discrimination they confront, while "more preferred" developing countries worry that WTO-based liberalization of trade will erode the value of current preferential access regimes. This tension suggests there is a political economy case for preference-granting countries to explicitly address erosion fears. The authors argue that the appropriate instrument for this is development assistance. The alternative of addressing erosion concerns through the trading system will generate additional discrimination and trade distortions, rather than moving the WTO toward a more liberal, non-discriminatory regime. They further argue that prospective losses generated by most-favored-nation liberalization should be quantified on a bilateral basis, using methods that estimate what the associated transfer should have been and ignoring the various factors that reduce their value in practice (such as compliance costs or the fact that part of the rents created by preference programs accrue to importers in OECD countries). Given that many poor countries have not been able to benefit much from preference programs, a case is also made that preference erosion should be considered as part of a broader response by OECD countries to calls to make the trading system more supportive of economic development. The focus should be on identifying actions and policy measures that will improve the ability of developing countries to use trade for development.
Book Synopsis Market Access for Developing Country Exports - Selected Issues by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Market Access for Developing Country Exports - Selected Issues written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2002-09-26 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund have drawn together available research findings on the benefits of trade liberalization as well as on the obstacles to trade-oriented development.
Book Synopsis The Challenge of Reducing Subsidies and Trade Barriers by : Kym Anderson
Download or read book The Challenge of Reducing Subsidies and Trade Barriers written by Kym Anderson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This is one of 10 studies for the Copenhagen Consensus Project that sought to evaluate the most feasible opportunities to improve welfare globally and alleviate poverty in developing countries. Anderson argues that phasing out distortionary government subsidies and barriers to international trade will yield an extraordinarily high benefit-cost ratio. A survey is provided of recent estimates using global economywide simulation models of the benefits of doing that by way of the current Doha round of multilateral trade negotiations. Even if adjustment costs are several times as large as suggested by available estimates, the benefit-cost ratio from seizing this opportunity exceeds 20. That is much higher than the rewards from regional or bilateral trade agreements or from providing preferential access for least-developed countries' exports to high-income countries. Such reform would simultaneously contribute to alleviating several of the other key challenges reflected in the United Nation's Millennium Development Goals"--Abstract.
Book Synopsis Adjustment Policies and Problems in Developed Countries by : Martin Wolf
Download or read book Adjustment Policies and Problems in Developed Countries written by Martin Wolf and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Distributional Impacts of Trade by : Jakob Engel
Download or read book The Distributional Impacts of Trade written by Jakob Engel and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2021-06-09 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade is a well-established driver of growth and poverty reduction.But changes in trade policy also have distributional impacts that create winners and losers. It is vital to understand and clearly communicate how trade affects economic well-being across all segments of the population, as well as how policies can more effectively ensure that the gains from trade are distributed more widely. The Distributional Impacts of Trade: Empirical Innovations, Analytical Tools, and Policy Responses provides a deeper understanding of the distributional effects of trade across regions, industries, and demographic groups within countries over time. It includes an overview (chapter 1); a review of innovations in empirical and theoretical work covering the impacts of trade at the subnational level (chapter 2); highlights from empirical case studies on Bangladesh, Brazil, Mexico, South Africa, and Sri Lanka (chapter 3); and a policy agenda to improve distributional outcomes from trade (chapter 4). This book comes at a time when the shock from COVID-19 (coronavirus) adds to an already uncertain trade policy environment in which the value of the multilateral trading system has been under increased scrutiny. A better understanding of how trade affects distributional outcomes can lead to more inclusive policies and support the ability of countries to maximize broad-based benefits from trade.
Book Synopsis Adjusting to Trade Liberalization by : Marc Bacchetta
Download or read book Adjusting to Trade Liberalization written by Marc Bacchetta and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication identifies tools at the disposal of governments to smooth adjustment, to minimize an economy's adjustment costs and to alleviate the burden of those who suffer most.--Publisher's description.
Book Synopsis Aid for Trade at a Glance 2015 Reducing Trade Costs for Inclusive, Sustainable Growth by : OECD
Download or read book Aid for Trade at a Glance 2015 Reducing Trade Costs for Inclusive, Sustainable Growth written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2015-06-30 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Aid for Trade Initiative has allowed for the active engagement of a large number of organisations and agencies in helping developing countries and especially the least developed build the infrastructure and supply-side capacity they need to connect to regional and global markets and improve ...
Book Synopsis International Trade Policy by : D. Das
Download or read book International Trade Policy written by D. Das and published by Springer. This book was released on 1990-01-29 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International trade plays a definitive role in the economic growth process. The developing countries accounted for over one quarter of total world trade by value in the early eighties; this proportion declined to a fifth in 1987. The developing countries, except for a handful of them, have made serious and expansive errors in their trade policies. The primary objective of Professor Das is to clear the cobwebs of confusion and misgivings that are only too apparent in the realm of trade policy. The book is addressed to the domestic as well as the international aspects of trade policy in the developing countries. It takes the neoclassical economic philosophic lines and makes an analytical case for free trade with hard-hitting arguments.
Book Synopsis Trade and Industrial Policy in Developing Countries by : David Greenaway
Download or read book Trade and Industrial Policy in Developing Countries written by David Greenaway and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive coverage of trade policy theory for the developing world
