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Toxicogenomics Based Cellular Models
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Book Synopsis Toxicogenomics-Based Cellular Models by : Jos Kleinjans
Download or read book Toxicogenomics-Based Cellular Models written by Jos Kleinjans and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-01-02 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxicogenomics-Based Cellular Models is a unique and valuable reference for all academic and professional researchers employing toxicogenomic methods with respect to animal testing for chemical safety. This resource offers cutting-edge information on the application of toxicogenomics to developing alternatives to current animal toxicity tests. By illustrating the development of toxicogenomics-based cellular models for critical endpoints of toxicity and providing real-world examples for validation and data analysis, this book provides an assessment of the current state of the field, as well as opportunities and challenges for the future. Written by renowned international toxicological experts, this book explores ‘omics technology for developing new assays for toxicity testing and safety assessment and provides the reader with a focused examination of alternative means to animal testing. Describes the state-of-the-art in developing toxicogenomics-based cellular models for chemical-induced carcinogenicity, immunotoxicity, developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity and reproduction toxicity Illustrates how to validate toxicogenomics-based alternative test models and provides an outlook to societal and economic implementation of these novel assays Includes an overview of current testing methods and risk assessment frameworks Provides a real-world assessment by articulating the current development and challenges in toxicogenomics while suggesting ways to move this field forward
Book Synopsis Applications of Toxicogenomic Technologies to Predictive Toxicology and Risk Assessment by : National Research Council
Download or read book Applications of Toxicogenomic Technologies to Predictive Toxicology and Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-12-19 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new field of toxicogenomics presents a potentially powerful set of tools to better understand the health effects of exposures to toxicants in the environment. At the request of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the National Research Council assembled a committee to identify the benefits of toxicogenomics, the challenges to achieving them, and potential approaches to overcoming such challenges. The report concludes that realizing the potential of toxicogenomics to improve public health decisions will require a concerted effort to generate data, make use of existing data, and study data in new waysâ€"an effort requiring funding, interagency coordination, and data management strategies.
Book Synopsis Mixture Toxicity by : Cornelis A. M. van Gestel
Download or read book Mixture Toxicity written by Cornelis A. M. van Gestel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decade and a half, great progress has been made in the development of concepts and models for mixture toxicity, both in human and environmental toxicology. However, due to their different protection goals, developments have often progressed in parallel but with little integration. Arguably the first book to clearly link ecotoxicology an
Download or read book Toxicogenomics written by Tohru Inoue and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The meteoric rate at which the human genome is being sequenced has presented to the research community a vast array of newly discovered genes, which in tum has catalyzed an even more dramatic effort to decipher this voluminous data set into understanding how genes function both individually and in complex pathways that regulate the biochemistry of life. A compendium of gene expression data, enhanced by complete proteomic analysis, will enable investigators to probe into the complexities of the mechanisms of normal genetic and metabolic pathways and, subsequently, how disease occurs when they malfunction. The new science of toxicogenomics combines genomic, proteomic, and informatics technologies, and biological research can now foresee a time when there will be a full comprehension of the complex dynamic mechanisms of genetics, biochemistry, and physiology. The inherent power of toxicogenomics derives from an amalgamation of multiple scientific disciplines that were originally drawn together to facilitate sequencing the three billion bases that comprise the human genome. Traditionally, the science of toxicology has been founded upon empirical codification of dose-related effects. It has evolved to studies that are directed towards understanding the mechanisms by which individual agents cause their effects in humans. Due to technical limitations, this process has been relatively slow, since it has accomplished one chemical or one effect at a time.
Book Synopsis Emerging Bioinformatic Tools in Toxicogenomics by : Danyel Jennen
Download or read book Emerging Bioinformatic Tools in Toxicogenomics written by Danyel Jennen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-02-27 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxicogenomics was established as a merger of toxicology with genomics approaches and methodologies more than 15 years ago, and considered of major value for studying toxic mechanisms-of-action in greater depth and for classification of toxic agents for predicting adverse human health risks. While the original focus was on technological validation of in particular microarray-based whole genome expression analysis (transcriptomics), mainly through cross-comparing different platforms for data generation (MAQC-I), it was soon appreciated that actually the wide variety of data analysis approaches represents the major source of inter-study variation. This led to early attempts towards harmonizing data analysis protocols focusing on microarray-based models for predicting toxicological and clinical end-points and on different methods for GWAS data (MAQC-II). Simultaneously, further technological developments, geared by increasing insights into the complexity of cellular regulation, enabled analyzing molecular perturbations across multiple genomics scales (epigenomics and microRNAs, metabolomics). While these were initially still based on microarray technology, this is currently being phased out and replaced by a variety of next generation sequencing-based methods enabling exploration of genomic responses to toxicants at even greater depth (SEQC-I). This raises the demand for reliable and robust data analysis approaches, ranging from harmonized bioinformatics concepts for preprocessing raw data to non-supervised and supervised methods for capturing and integrating the dynamic perturbations of cell function across dose and time, and thus retrieving mechanistic insights across multiple regulation scales. Traditional toxicology focused on dose-dependently determining apical endpoints of toxicity. With the advent of toxicogenomics, efforts towards better understanding underlying molecular mechanisms has led to the development of the concept of Adverse Outcome Pathways, which are basically presented as a structural network of linearly related gene-gene interactions regulating key events for inducing apical toxic endpoints of interest. Impulse challenges from exposure of biological systems to toxic agents will however induce a cascade-type of events, presenting both adverse and adaptive processes, thus requiring bioinformatics approaches and methods for complex dynamic data, generated not only across dose, but clearly also across time. Currently, time-resolved toxicogenomics data sets are increasingly being assembled in the course of large-scaled research projects, for instance devoted towards developing toxicogenomics-based predictive assays for evaluating chemical safety which are no longer animal-based.
Book Synopsis Toxicogenomics by : Hisham K. Hamadeh
Download or read book Toxicogenomics written by Hisham K. Hamadeh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-09-06 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxicogenomics: Principles and Applications fills the need for a single, thorough text on the key breakthrough technologies in genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and bioinformatics, and their applications to toxicology research. The first section following a general introduction is on genomics and toxicogenomics, and qPCR. The next sections are toxicoproteomics and metabolomics. The final section covers bioinformatics aspects, from databases to data integration strategies. A practical resource for specialists and non-specialists alike, this book includes numerous illustrations that support the textual explanations. It offers practical guidance to investigators wishing to pursue this line of research, and lists key relevant software and Internet resources.
Book Synopsis Advances in Computational Toxicology by : Huixiao Hong
Download or read book Advances in Computational Toxicology written by Huixiao Hong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-21 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive review of both traditional and cutting-edge methodologies that are currently used in computational toxicology and specifically features its application in regulatory decision making. The authors from various government agencies such as FDA, NCATS and NIEHS industry, and academic institutes share their real-world experience and discuss most current practices in computational toxicology and potential applications in regulatory science. Among the topics covered are molecular modeling and molecular dynamics simulations, machine learning methods for toxicity analysis, network-based approaches for the assessment of drug toxicity and toxicogenomic analyses. Offering a valuable reference guide to computational toxicology and potential applications in regulatory science, this book will appeal to chemists, toxicologists, drug discovery and development researchers as well as to regulatory scientists, government reviewers and graduate students interested in this field.
Book Synopsis Genetic Toxicology by : Albert P. Li
Download or read book Genetic Toxicology written by Albert P. Li and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1991-03-27 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic Toxicology is a comprehensive book covering the historical perspective of genetic toxicology; basic mechanisms of mutations and chromosomal effects; health consequences of genetic damage, including cancer and inheritable mutations; properties of physical, chemical, and biological mutagens; risk assessment of human exposure to genotoxicants; and the current position of some government regulatory agencies in the United States on the issues of genetic toxicology. The book will be a useful reference for students and researchers in toxicology, genetics, cancer biology, and medicine who are interested in the basic and applied principles of genetic toxicology. It will also benefit industrial toxicologists, products registration specialists, and government regulatory specialists with responsibility for the safety evaluation of industrial and environmental agents.
Book Synopsis Genomics in Drug Discovery and Development by : Dimitri Semizarov
Download or read book Genomics in Drug Discovery and Development written by Dimitri Semizarov and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-11-03 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early characterization of toxicity and efficacy would significantly impact the overall productivity of pharmaceutical R&D and reduce drug candidate attrition and failure. By describing the available platforms and weighing their relative advantages and disadvantages, including microarray data analysis, Genomics in Drug Discovery and Development introduces readers to the biomarker, pharmacogenomic, and toxicogenomics toolbox. The authors provide a valuable resource for pharmaceutical discovery scientists, preclinical drug safety department personnel, regulatory personnel, discovery toxicologists, and safety scientists, drug development professionals, and pharmaceutical scientists.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Cancer by : Manfred Schwab
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Cancer written by Manfred Schwab and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-23 with total page 3307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive encyclopedic reference provides rapid access to focused information on topics of cancer research for clinicians, research scientists and advanced students. Given the overwhelming success of the first edition, which appeared in 2001, and fast development in the different fields of cancer research, it has been decided to publish a second fully revised and expanded edition. With an A-Z format of over 7,000 entries, more than 1,000 contributing authors provide a complete reference to cancer. The merging of different basic and clinical scientific disciplines towards the common goal of fighting cancer makes such a comprehensive reference source all the more timely.
Book Synopsis Systems Genetics by : Florian Markowetz
Download or read book Systems Genetics written by Florian Markowetz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-07-02 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whereas genetic studies have traditionally focused on explaining heritance of single traits and their phenotypes, recent technological advances have made it possible to comprehensively dissect the genetic architecture of complex traits and quantify how genes interact to shape phenotypes. This exciting new area has been termed systems genetics and is born out of a synthesis of multiple fields, integrating a range of approaches and exploiting our increased ability to obtain quantitative and detailed measurements on a broad spectrum of phenotypes. Gathering the contributions of leading scientists, both computational and experimental, this book shows how experimental perturbations can help us to understand the link between genotype and phenotype. A snapshot of current research activity and state-of-the-art approaches to systems genetics are provided, including work from model organisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Drosophila melanogaster, as well as from human studies.
Book Synopsis Drug-like Properties: Concepts, Structure Design and Methods by : Li Di
Download or read book Drug-like Properties: Concepts, Structure Design and Methods written by Li Di and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-07-26 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of the thousands of novel compounds that a drug discovery project team invents and that bind to the therapeutic target, typically only a fraction of these have sufficient ADME/Tox properties to become a drug product. Understanding ADME/Tox is critical for all drug researchers, owing to its increasing importance in advancing high quality candidates to clinical studies and the processes of drug discovery. If the properties are weak, the candidate will have a high risk of failure or be less desirable as a drug product. This book is a tool and resource for scientists engaged in, or preparing for, the selection and optimization process. The authors describe how properties affect in vivo pharmacological activity and impact in vitro assays. Individual drug-like properties are discussed from a practical point of view, such as solubility, permeability and metabolic stability, with regard to fundamental understanding, applications of property data in drug discovery and examples of structural modifications that have achieved improved property performance. The authors also review various methods for the screening (high throughput), diagnosis (medium throughput) and in-depth (low throughput) analysis of drug properties. Serves as an essential working handbook aimed at scientists and students in medicinal chemistry Provides practical, step-by-step guidance on property fundamentals, effects, structure-property relationships, and structure modification strategies Discusses improvements in pharmacokinetics from a practical chemist's standpoint
Book Synopsis Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology by : Kunal Roy
Download or read book Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology written by Kunal Roy and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-01-06 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CHEMOMETRICS AND CHEMINFORMATICS IN AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY Explore chemometric and cheminformatic techniques and tools in aquatic toxicology Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology delivers an exploration of the existing and emerging problems of contamination of the aquatic environment through various metal and organic pollutants, including industrial chemicals, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, biocides, nanomaterials, pesticides, surfactants, dyes, and more. The book discusses different chemometric and cheminformatic tools for non-experts and their application to the analysis and modeling of toxicity data of chemicals to various aquatic organisms. You’ll learn about a variety of aquatic toxicity databases and chemometric software tools and webservers as well as practical examples of model development, including illustrations. You’ll also find case studies and literature reports to round out your understanding of the subject. Finally, you’ll learn about tools and protocols including machine learning, data mining, and QSAR and ligand-based chemical design methods. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to chemometric and cheminformatic tools and techniques, including machine learning and data mining An exploration of aquatic toxicity databases, chemometric software tools, and webservers Practical examples and case studies to highlight and illustrate the concepts contained within the book A concise treatment of chemometric and cheminformatic tools and their application to the analysis and modeling of toxicity data Perfect for researchers and students in chemistry and the environmental and pharmaceutical sciences, Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals in the chemical industry and regulators whose work involves chemometrics.
Book Synopsis Genomics and Pharmacogenomics in Anticancer Drug Development and Clinical Response by : Federico Innocenti
Download or read book Genomics and Pharmacogenomics in Anticancer Drug Development and Clinical Response written by Federico Innocenti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-30 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genomics and Pharmacogenomics in Anticancer Drug Development and Clinical Response provides the most comprehensive body of knowledge available on the role of genetic and genomic variation in the individualization of drug therapies in cancer patients. As a consequence of the intrinsic chromosomal and genetic instability of the tumor genome, it is generally believed that tailoring of chemotherapy in cancer - tients might be achieved by molecular analysis of patient tumor DNA. In addition, to reduce the toxicity risk of patients, the tumor DNA information should be in- grated with the available data on polymorphic drug-metabolizing enzyme and tra- porter genes mediating the exposure of patients to active drugs and/or their active metabolites. The chapters of this book clearly show how DNA information from both the host (germline) and the tumor should be taken into account for rational selection of drug therapies in cancer patients, an aspect that received little attention, despite its importance. The availability of new molecular approaches to the selection of drug therapy is an emerging need, because the traditional approach based on the evaluation of patient and tumor characteristics is clearly far from optimal. Many treated patients do not experience signi?cant bene?ts from the treatment, while they often experience moderate to severe toxicities. In addition, the development and clinical use of novel molecularly targeted agents (alone or in combination with classical cytotoxic therapy) requires the und- standing of the molecular features of the tumors and the identi?cation of tumor markers of response.
Book Synopsis Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century by : National Research Council
Download or read book Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-10-05 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in molecular biology and toxicology are paving the way for major improvements in the evaluation of the hazards posed by the large number of chemicals found at low levels in the environment. The National Research Council was asked by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to review the state of the science and create a far-reaching vision for the future of toxicity testing. The book finds that developing, improving, and validating new laboratory tools based on recent scientific advances could significantly improve our ability to understand the hazards and risks posed by chemicals. This new knowledge would lead to much more informed environmental regulations and dramatically reduce the need for animal testing because the new tests would be based on human cells and cell components. Substantial scientific efforts and resources will be required to leverage these new technologies to realize the vision, but the result will be a more efficient, informative and less costly system for assessing the hazards posed by industrial chemicals and pesticides.
Book Synopsis Mechanistic Toxicology by : Urs A. Boelsterli
Download or read book Mechanistic Toxicology written by Urs A. Boelsterli and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-03-23 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thorough understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the individual expression of toxic effects provides an important tool for assessment of human health risk. New aspects, major advances, and new areas in molecular and cellular biology and toxicology demand updated sources of information to elucidate the functional mechanics of human toxicology. Mechanistic Toxicology: The Molecular Basis of How Chemicals Disrupt Biological Targets, Second Edition retains the accessible format of the original to present the general principles that link xenobiotic-induced toxicity with the molecular pathways that underlie these toxic effects. Extensively illustrated, this book forms a conceptual bridge between multiple events at the molecular level and the determinants of toxicity at the physiological and cellular level. Specific examples of drugs, environmental pollutants, and other chemicals are carefully chosen to illustrate and highlight the fundamental mechanisms of toxicity at different toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic levels. The book includes references and review articles at the end of each chapter, as well as boxed text for relevant review information on biological, biochemical, molecular, and toxicological background. Linking molecular pathways to more general biomedical contexts, the author ensures that the reader is not lost in the details and instead receives a broad understanding of the processes underlying xenobiotic toxicity. New in the Second Edition Updated chapters Types of toxic responses Disruption of signal transduction by xenobiotics Disruption of mitochondrial function Novel mechanisms derived from systems toxicology
Book Synopsis Alternatives to Animal Testing by : Hajime Kojima
Download or read book Alternatives to Animal Testing written by Hajime Kojima and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-27 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents recent advances in the pure sciences that are of significance in the quest for alternatives to the use of animals in research and describes a variety of practical applications of the three key guiding principles for the more ethical use of animals in experiments – replacement, reduction, and refinement, collectively known as the 3Rs. Important examples from across the world of implementation of the 3Rs in the testing of cosmetics, chemicals, pesticides, and biologics, including vaccines, are described, with additional information on relevant regulations. The coverage also encompasses emerging approaches to alternative tests and the 3Rs. The book is based on the most informative contributions delivered at the Asian Congress 2016 on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences. It will be of value for those working in R&D, for graduate students, and for educators in various fields, including the pharmaceutical and cosmetic sciences, pharmacology, toxicology, and animal welfare. The free, open access distribution of Alternatives to Animal Testing is enabled by the Creative Commons Attribution license in International version 4: CC BY 4.0.
