Time Zones Communications Networks And International Trade

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Time Zones, Communications Networks, and International Trade

Author : Toru Kikuchi
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136805575
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (368 download)

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Book Synopsis Time Zones, Communications Networks, and International Trade by : Toru Kikuchi

Download or read book Time Zones, Communications Networks, and International Trade written by Toru Kikuchi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-05-19 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in digital technology have driven large decreases in the costs of data transfer and telecommunications. There is a consequent increase in many kinds of international trade. One of the fastest-growing parts of this industry is "remote maintenance" whereby Indian companies debug software for companies in other parts of the world, often taking advantage of time zone differences to offer overnight service. In the existing literature on trade theory, however, relatively few attempts have been made to address the theme of communications networks and the role of time zones. The main purpose of this book is to illustrate, with simple models of international trade, how the introduction of communications networks and the utilization of time zone differences can affect both the structure of international trade and world welfare. Other technological aspects of recent international trade (e.g., competition between international standards, the impact of switching costs on imported products’ introduction) are also examined. Although a focus on theoretical trade models, the book will appeal to scholars, policy makers and business units who wish to learn from the recent changes in communications networks and its impact on the global economy. It provides information and suggestions for better policy formulation in the fast-changing world economy.

Virtual Trade and Comparative Advantage

Author : Sugata Marjit
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811539065
Total Pages : 213 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Virtual Trade and Comparative Advantage by : Sugata Marjit

Download or read book Virtual Trade and Comparative Advantage written by Sugata Marjit and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main purpose of this book is to expose economics graduate students and researchers to the most significant development in international trade that has taken place in the recent past. Service transactions now make up a sizeable portion of global trade. Trade in both final and intermediate inputs is done virtually through information and communication networks, raising afresh the question of the basis of trade and calling for in-depth investigation. This book succinctly comes up with a relatively new explanation for the basis of trade, thus it adds a new dimension to three existing building blocks: technology, endowment, and returns to scale. Against a backdrop of standard Ricardian and Heckscher–Ohlin competitive models of trade, the chapters of this book nicely introduce the issue of communication cost and the difference in time zones between two trading nations. Then follow many intricate phenomena such as informality, skill formation, growth, wage inequality, and decisions regarding foreign direct investment (FDI). However, imperfectly competitive models are not dealt with in great detail as they deserve more space than can be allotted to them here. Given the nonexistence of any research-oriented in-depth analyses of competitive trade models with time-zone differences, this book is a valuable addition to the resources available to researchers and policymakers interested in deciphering recent developments in global trade patterns and the subsequent welfare effect.

Virtual Trade in a Changing World

Author : Sugata Marjit
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009115804
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Virtual Trade in a Changing World by : Sugata Marjit

Download or read book Virtual Trade in a Changing World written by Sugata Marjit and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-08-31 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Virtual economic transactions have radically transformed the way we think about trade and markets in closed and open economies. Continuous decline in costs of information and communications and setting up of phenomenally large number of virtual platforms have brought in 'Time' as an essential element in the discourse on international trade. This work delves deep into the issue of how Time enters as a major catalyst of international trade and virtual transactions. This changes the way we look at ideas of comparative advantage, factor mobility, growth, income distribution, and allied concepts. A key result is that greater physical distance might encourage trade contrary to what we are accustomed to accept.

International Trade

Author : Richard Pomfret
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9814725099
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (147 download)

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Book Synopsis International Trade by : Richard Pomfret

Download or read book International Trade written by Richard Pomfret and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2016-02-04 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Trade: Theory, Evidence and Policy provides an integrated non-mathematical account of trade theory and policy that can be read straight through. The footnotes provide caveats, extensions and entry points, or further reading. This book is divided into three parts. The first part focuses on the core theoretical analysis of international trade that has evolved over a quarter-millennium. The second part reviews recent empirical research in global value chains, trade costs, and heterogeneous firms, particularly from analysing large datasets of individual firms' characteristics and of trade flows disaggregated to very finely detailed levels. The third section of the book analyzes trade policies and discusses current policy debates. This edition is based on Pomfret's Lecture Notes on International Trade Theory and Policy, first published in 2008. The content has been extensively updated and revised to stand as a new volume.

International Trade Negotiations and Domestic Politics

Author : Oluf Langhelle
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135090521
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis International Trade Negotiations and Domestic Politics by : Oluf Langhelle

Download or read book International Trade Negotiations and Domestic Politics written by Oluf Langhelle and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-08-29 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In spite of many years of negotiation on trade liberalization, progress seems to have stalled. This book explores why resistance to further market liberalization seems so strong, given that the benefits are seen to outweigh the costs. This volume argues that in order to understand the slow progress of World Trade Organization negotiations, we need to take into consideration the ‘intermestic’ character of trade politics, that is, the way in which international and domestic aspects of politics and policies have been woven together and become inextricably related to each other. This is a general trend in our globalizing world, and one that is most pronounced in the case of trade politics and policy. International Trade Negotiations and Domestic Politics therefore presents an in-depth analysis of institutions, ideas, interests and actors in the interplay between international trade negotiations and national negotiating positions. At the international level the authors focus on the multilateral negotiations within the World Trade Organization, together with the plurilateral and bilateral negotiations on free trade agreements. At the regional and domestic level they analyze the trade politics and policies of two established powers, the European Union and the USA; two rising powers, China and India; and a small industrialized country with an open economy, Norway.

International Trade, Competitive Advantage and Developing Economies

Author : Caf Dowlah
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131744793X
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis International Trade, Competitive Advantage and Developing Economies by : Caf Dowlah

Download or read book International Trade, Competitive Advantage and Developing Economies written by Caf Dowlah and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-07-30 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available research suggests that less developed countries have significant competitive advantage over developed countries in three major areas of international trade: agriculture, textiles and clothing (T&C), and cross-border labor mobility. Incidentally, these are also the trade sectors which experienced widespread protectionist measures, especially in developed world, for decade after decade. Under the World Trade Organization (WTO), which replaced the General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT) in 1995, much of the restrictions in T&C trade has been phased out, but still this sector faces much higher tariff and non-tariff barriers than any other manufacturing sector in world economy. The agricultural sector also experienced significant dismantling of deeply entrenched trade barriers under the WTO over the course of last two decades, but the sector still remains plagued with quite extensive domestic supports, export subsidies, and tariff barriers. At the same time, despite both theoretical expositions and empirical trends point to significant potential gains from cross-border labor mobility, the sector remains mired in a complex quagmire of economic and political restrictions around the world. Thus, all three sectors in which less developed countries have exports interests still remain less liberalized than the sectors in which developed countries have exports interests. This book provides an in-depth and up-to-date scholarly analysis of all three trade sectors—agriculture, T&C and cross-border labor mobility—with a penetrating scrutiny of historical backgrounds and developments, crosscurrents of interests and perspectives of both developed and developing countries, and evolving trade patterns and potentials in a more liberalized and globalized world economy. The book also identifies critical economic issues and options for less developed countries in the WTO negotiations for further liberalization of agriculture, T&C, and cross-border labor mobility. This volume will be an important point of reference for students, scholars, and practitioners of international trade, economic development, development economics, and WTO-related issues.

International Trade and International Finance

Author : Malabika Roy
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 8132227972
Total Pages : 595 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (322 download)

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Book Synopsis International Trade and International Finance by : Malabika Roy

Download or read book International Trade and International Finance written by Malabika Roy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-26 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together a collection of papers on international trade and international finance, instead of treating the two as disjoint fields of study. The volume, while focusing on the recent developments and frontiers of research in international trade and international finance, also emphasizes the inherent integrated nature of the two subjects; some of the papers are overlapping across the two areas. A unique feature of the proposed volume is that it unravels some new issues in addition to re-examining certain old issues in a new perspective and thus covers wide ranging issues with an emphasis on policy. The book covers issues mostly relating to emerging market economies, which has increasingly assumed importance in the context of globalization. The book contains some survey papers covering the frontiers of current knowledge on important themes like recent developments in trade theory and empirics, foreign exchange market, institutions in trade and finance, interrelation and interaction between international trade and international finance. The papers, fruit of rigorous and original research, are written by internationally and nationally reputed authors along with promising young researchers on the subjects. The book substantially contributes to the growing literature on issues relating to trade and international finance in emerging market economies and extends the frontiers of knowledge. The book is expected to have the widest possible readership comprising of advanced undergraduate and graduate students as well as senior researchers working in international trade and international finance.

The Essence Of International Trade Theory

Author : Noritsugu Nakanishi
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9813274409
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (132 download)

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Book Synopsis The Essence Of International Trade Theory by : Noritsugu Nakanishi

Download or read book The Essence Of International Trade Theory written by Noritsugu Nakanishi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2018-10-29 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook aims to explain the principles in international trade theory and show how some useful trade models work. The book concentrates on two fundamental issues in international trade, that is, the 'determinants of trade patterns' and the 'welfare gains from trade' in various economic environments. Chapters 1 through 3 assume perfect competition and explore the workings of the Ricardian model, the Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson model, the Specific Factors model and more recent development of the Eaton-Kortum model. Chapter 4 examines various welfare criteria and their relation to the 'social utility function' and, then, proves the basic gains-from-trade proposition. Chapters 5 and 6 examine the implications of imperfect competition using a unified oligopolistic model and variations of the monopolistically competitive model. The roles of the strategic interaction among firms, the economies of scale, product differentiation, the heterogeneity of firms, and the geographic distribution of agents will be highlighted. Chapter 7 deals with some trade policy issues such as the effects of tariffs, the relation of tariffs to other policy measures, and the so-called strategic trade policies.

Foreign Direct Investment in China

Author : Ziliang Deng
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113667263X
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis Foreign Direct Investment in China by : Ziliang Deng

Download or read book Foreign Direct Investment in China written by Ziliang Deng and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03-01 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an insightful exploration of whether foreign direct investment (FDI) can promote the productivity of domestic enterprises. The book is based on a series of dedicated research conducted in the context of the Chinese economy, which has been the largest FDI host among the developing economies since 1993. The main themes of this book are (a) based on the latest literature and first-hand research, outlining possible mechanisms through which foreign direct investment could promote the productivity of domestic enterprises; (b) developing a comprehensive research framework to quantify the spillover effects with cutting-edge methodology; (c) constructing a decision support system for evaluating FDI policy reforms with advanced computer simulation techniques; (d) evaluating the broader impact of FDI spillovers on banking system and trade pattern. The book examines topical economic issues in the contemporary world economy from innovative perspectives, namely, how the presence of multinational enterprises has been one of the most important microeconomic drivers for the Chinese economy, how foreign banks have helped to enable Chinese banking system survive the global financial crisis, and how the domestic enterprises have learned to do exports from multinational affiliates and have changed the landscape of U.S.-Asian trade. The book incorporates the latest development of economic theory as well as computational economics model.

The Global Commercial Aviation Industry

Author : Sören Eriksson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136672397
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis The Global Commercial Aviation Industry by : Sören Eriksson

Download or read book The Global Commercial Aviation Industry written by Sören Eriksson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-07-16 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a state-of-the-art overview of the changes and development of the civil international aircraft/aviation industry. It offers a fully up-to-date account of the international developments and structure in the aircraft and aviation industries from a number of perspectives, which include economic, geographical, political and technological points of view. The aircraft industry is characterized by very complex, high technology products produced in relatively small quantities. The high-technology requirements necessitate a high level of R&D. In no other industry is it more of inter-dependence and cross-fertilisation of advanced technology. Consequently, most of the world’s large aircraft companies and technology leaders have been located in Europe and North America. During the last few decades many developing countries have tried to build up an internationally competitive aircraft industry. The authors study a number of important issues including the political economy of the aircraft industry, globalization in this industry, innovation, newly industrializing economies and the aircraft industry. This book also explores regional and large aircraft, transformation of the aviation industry in Central and Eastern Europe, including engines, airlines, airports and airline safety. It will be of great value to students and to researchers seeking information on the aircraft industry and its development in different regions.

Enterprise Forms and Economic Efficiency

Author : Kazuhiko Mikami
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136672567
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis Enterprise Forms and Economic Efficiency by : Kazuhiko Mikami

Download or read book Enterprise Forms and Economic Efficiency written by Kazuhiko Mikami and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book conducts a comparative study on the form of enterprise, focusing on broadly defined cooperative firms in comparison with conventional capitalist firms. It explores the essential advantages and disadvantages of the different types of firms and attempts to answer why capitalist firms are so prevalent in our economy. The book attempts to explain these questions from the viewpoint of "market failure" in the framework of standard microeconomic theory. In this analytical framework, it proposes an alternative system of business organization based upon consumer cooperatives and the market for their memberships, which can coexist consistently with the system of capitalist firms and the stock market within a single market economy. The existing studies of the cooperative sector have been rather ideological. The analytical framework that is presented in this book helps promote scientific exploration of cooperative and other types of firms, which are indispensable and potentially promising constituents of our society.

The Processes and Practices of Fair Trade

Author : Brigitte Granville
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0415575664
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (155 download)

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Book Synopsis The Processes and Practices of Fair Trade by : Brigitte Granville

Download or read book The Processes and Practices of Fair Trade written by Brigitte Granville and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fairtrade has established itself as a distinct phenomenon within the realm of global consumerism. Fairtrade aims to protect small producers against price volatility and inadequate incomes as well as to provide community benefits (health care, education). It relies on consumer purchases of FT products carried out at agreed minimum prices. These purchases measure the trust accorded to the scheme which is founded on a system of certification comprising a series of recommended producer welfare-enhancing standards that FT products must satisfy ...

State Building and Development

Author : Keijiro Otsuka
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317909445
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis State Building and Development by : Keijiro Otsuka

Download or read book State Building and Development written by Keijiro Otsuka and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-03 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why does a huge income gap still exist between developed and developing countries? Plausible causes on the surface may be the difference in technology, the quality of human resources, and economic institutions, but on the deeper level the gap reflects the success and failure of state building which is vital for economic development. This book provides cutting-edge knowledge on state building, economic development, and democratization based on case studies of Japan, ASEAN, South Asia, and selected countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The book examines the interaction between land policies and the state building in sub-Saharan Africa. It also pays special attention to corruption, which affects the relationship between the state and the development, and decentralization, which exerts influences on the contentious politics. Finally, the book also sheds new light on the failure and success of industrial policies based on a literature review and a case study of the rapidly growing pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh. This book is one of the few studies which squarely addresses state building and economic development, and will be of use to those interested in this subject, development practitioners, and policymakers in developing countries.

The Global Economic Crisis in Latin America

Author : Michael A. Cohen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0415692172
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (156 download)

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Book Synopsis The Global Economic Crisis in Latin America by : Michael A. Cohen

Download or read book The Global Economic Crisis in Latin America written by Michael A. Cohen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the 2008 housing market bubble burst in the US, a financial crisis rippled from the epi-centre across borders into economies both near and far, causing persistent social and economic detriment in many countries. This book is an examination of the impacts and responses through the lens of three countries: Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina.

Crises of Global Economies and the Future of Capitalism

Author : Kiichiro Yagi
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135101663
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Crises of Global Economies and the Future of Capitalism by : Kiichiro Yagi

Download or read book Crises of Global Economies and the Future of Capitalism written by Kiichiro Yagi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-04 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent events in the global financial markets and macro economies have served as a strong reminder for a need of a coherent theory of capitalist crisis and analysis. This book helps to fill the gap with well-grounded alternative articulations of the forces which move today's economic dynamics, how they interact and how ideas of foundational figures in economic theory can be used to make sense of the current predicament. The book presents a comprehensive collection of reflections on the origins, dynamics and implications of the interlinked crises of the U.S. and global economies. The book is a thoughtful collaboration between Japanese heterodox economists of the Japan Society of Political Economy (JSPE) and non-Japanese scholars. It provides a unique immersion in different, sophisticated approaches to political economy and to the crisis. The book illustrates with the understanding of Marx's crisis theory and how it can serve as a powerful framework for analyzing the contemporary sub-prime world crisis. The book explains the subprime loan crisis as a crisis in a specific phase of the capitalist world system and concludes that it is a structural one which destroys the existing capital accumulation regime. It pays attention to structural changes and to how these changes beget profound and controversial consequences. The result is a must-read - one which truly contributes to the resurgence of radical analyses of the political economy, free from the market optimism of the main-stream economics.

The Role of Informal Economies in the Post-Soviet World

Author : Colin C. Williams
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135036861
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Informal Economies in the Post-Soviet World by : Colin C. Williams

Download or read book The Role of Informal Economies in the Post-Soviet World written by Colin C. Williams and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-19 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on extensive ethnographic and quantitative research, conducted in Ukraine and Russia between 2004 and 2012, this book’s central argument is that for many people the informal economy, such as cash in hand work, subsistence production and the use of social networks, is of great importance to everyday life. Formal work is both a facilitator of such processes and is often supported by them, as people can only afford to undertake low paid formal work as a result of their informal incomes. By looking at the informal nature of formal work and practices, informal practices, gift giving, volunteer work and the economies of the household the book is one of the first to give an overview of the nature of the informal economy in all spheres of everyday practice.

Measuring National Income in the Centrally Planned Economies

Author : William Jefferies
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317594932
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Measuring National Income in the Centrally Planned Economies by : William Jefferies

Download or read book Measuring National Income in the Centrally Planned Economies written by William Jefferies and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-11-27 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1991 "Communism" collapsed. The cold war was over and the West had won. Whole cities, Moscow, St Petersburg, Warsaw, Beijing, Budapest and Bucharest, whole countries indeed, were privatised for nothing or next to nothing. This was probably the greatest expansion of the world market in history. And yet, according to national income measurements of the CIA, OECD, World Bank and IMF, this gigantic expansion of market production, led to a decline in market production in the very countries where it was introduced. How to explain this paradox? This book traces the origin of the West’s national income measurements, from their origin in the 1923/4 Balance developed in the USSR, to the USA in the early 1930s via two Soviet exiles, Simon Kuznets and Wassily Leontief, and then back to the USSR again, after a vigorous debate, through a protégé of Kuznets, Abram Bergson. The AFC imputed national incomes to a centrally planned economy, based on physical not income measurements. This book provides a detailed assessment of the failure of the AFC method to measure the real growth of actual market production during the transition period. This book provides a detailed account of the application of national income measurements to the centrally planned economies. It assesses all of the major contributors to this debate, including Colin Clark, Naum Jasny, Alexander Gerschenkron, G.Warren Nutter and Abram Bergson. It provides a new much higher, estimate of the expansion of market production during the transition period, based on an estimate of the actual growth of real market production. It discusses the very significant implications of this re-estimate for contemporary theories of globalisation.