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Time Domain Simulation Of Maxwells Equations By The Method Of Characteristics
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Book Synopsis Time Domain Simulation of Maxwell's Equations by the Method of Characteristics by : Neven Orhanović
Download or read book Time Domain Simulation of Maxwell's Equations by the Method of Characteristics written by Neven Orhanović and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A numerical method based on the the method of characteristics for hyperbolic systems of partial differential equations in four independent variables is developed and used for solving time domain Maxwell's equations. The method uses the characteristic hypersurfaces and the characteristic conditions to derive a set of independent equations relating the electric and magnetic field components on these hypersurfaces. A discretization scheme is developed to solve for the unknown field components at each time step. The method retains many of the good features of the original method of characteristics for hyperbolic systems in two independent variables, such as optimal time step, good behavior near data discontinuities and the ability to treat general boundary conditions. The method is exemplified by calculating the time domain response of a few typical planar interconnect structures to Gaussian and unit step excitations. Although the general emphasis is on interconnect problems, the method is applicable to a number of other transient electromagnetic field problems governed by Maxwell's equations. In addition to the method of characteristics a finite difference scheme, known in mathematic circles as the modified Richtmyer scheme, is applied to the time domain solution of Maxwell's equations. Both methods should be useful for efficient full wave analysis of three dimensional electromagnetic field problems.
Book Synopsis Efficient Solution of Maxwell's Equations Using the Nonuniform Orthogonal Finite Difference Time Domain Method by : John Allan Svigelj
Download or read book Efficient Solution of Maxwell's Equations Using the Nonuniform Orthogonal Finite Difference Time Domain Method written by John Allan Svigelj and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method is limited by memory requirements and computation time when applied to large problems, complicated geometries, or geometries with fine features. In this thesis, the nonuniform orthogonal FDTD method is presented and applied to a variety of electromagnetic problems. The nonuniform aspect of the method gives great flexibility in modeling complicated geometries with fine features. Furthermore, the variability of the mesh resolution also enables the user to move the boundaries of the computational domain farther away from the center of the problem without an undue increase in the number of cells. Most significantly, the orthogonality of the method preserves the speed of the conventional FDTD method. These three features of the nonuniform orthogonal FDTD method are demonstrated by means of numerical examples throughout the thesis. Grid dispersion error from the nonuniform mesh is analyzed and numerical examples are presented, demonstrating that small growth rates in mesh discretization lead to acceptably small errors. The issue of absorbing boundary conditions is addressed with the analysis and application of the dispersive boundary condition on nonuniform meshes. New techniques are also introduced for the efficient characterization of microstrip lines, microstrip discontinuities, and coupled microstrip structures using FDTD data. A local mesh refinement technique is introduced for planar perfect electric conductor, and is shown to be three times more accurate than the staircasing approximation. The versatility of the method is demonstrated by the analysis of a balun-fed folded dipole antenna, the characterization of the transition of grounded coplanar waveguide to microstrip line, and the study of fields in lossy layered media.
Book Synopsis An Investigation of the Numerical Characteristics of Finite-difference Methods as Applied to the Time-domain Maxwell's Equations by : Hoang Vinh
Download or read book An Investigation of the Numerical Characteristics of Finite-difference Methods as Applied to the Time-domain Maxwell's Equations written by Hoang Vinh and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Time Domain Methods in Electrodynamics by : Peter Russer
Download or read book Time Domain Methods in Electrodynamics written by Peter Russer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-26 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book consists of contributions given in honor of Wolfgang J.R. Hoefer. Space and time discretizing time domain methods for electromagnetic full-wave simulation have emerged as key numerical methods in computational electromagnetics. Time domain methods are versatile and can be applied to the solution of a wide range of electromagnetic field problems. Computing the response of an electromagnetic structure to an impulsive excitation localized in space and time provides a comprehensive characterization of the electromagnetic properties of the structure in a wide frequency range. The most important methods are the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) and the Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) methods. The contributions represent the state of the art in dealing with time domain methods in modern engineering electrodynamics for electromagnetic modeling in general, the Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) method, the application of network concepts to electromagnetic field modeling, circuit and system applications and, finally, with broadband devices, systems and measurement techniques.
Book Synopsis Time Domain Finite Difference Computation for Maxwell's Equations by : Jiayuan Fang
Download or read book Time Domain Finite Difference Computation for Maxwell's Equations written by Jiayuan Fang and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Finite Element Time Domain Techniques for Maxwell's Equations Based on Differential Forms by : Joonshik Kim
Download or read book Finite Element Time Domain Techniques for Maxwell's Equations Based on Differential Forms written by Joonshik Kim and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This dissertation is concerned with the development of numerical techniques for solving Maxwell equations in the time-domain. Two of the main challenges to obtain such solution are, first, how to construct explicit (that is, matrix-free) time-updating formulas without relinquishing the advantage of using irregular unstructured meshes in complex geometries, and second, how to best parallelize the algorithm to solve large-scale problems. The finite element time-domain (FETD) and the finite-difference time-Domain (FDTD) are presently the two most popular methods for solving Maxwell equations in the time-domain. FDTD employs a staggered-grid spatial discretization together with leap-frog style time update scheme to produce a method with many desirable properties such as: conservation of charge and energy, absence of spurious mode, and a simple easy-to-code algorithm. Nevertheless, FDTD (in its conventional form) relies on orthogonal grids, which is a disadvantage when modeling complex geometries. On the other hand, FETD is based upon unstructured grids and hence naturally tailored to handle complex geometries. However, in time-domain simulation (as opposed to frequency-domain simulations), FETD requires a matrix solver at every time step. Since the total number of time steps to produce the overall time-domain solution can be quite large, this requirement demands excessive computational resources. To overcome this problem, we develop a FETD algorithm with "FDTD-like" explicit characteristics. Usually, the system matrices generated after discretizing Maxwell equations in irregular grids are very large and sparse matrices, while their inverses are very large and dense matrices. To construct an explicit algorithm, ideally one would need to somehow obtain and use such inverses. However, these dense matrices are of course not useful in a update scheme because they are not only very costly to compute but also very costly to store for most practical problems. For this reason, we investigate the use of approximate sparse inverses to build update schemes for FETD. We show that the most direct choice, which is to use the approximate inverse of the system matrix itself, is not really an adequate choice because of the nature of the corresponding (continuum) operator, with long-range interactions. We therefore consider instead the use of the approximate inverse of the Hodge (or mass) matrix, which a symmetric positive definite matrix representing a strictly local operator in the continuum limit whose inverse is also local, to compute explicit update schemes. This entails the discretization of Maxwell's equations based on discrete differential forms and the use of a "mixed" set of basis functions for the FETD: Whitney one forms for the electric field intensity and Whitney two forms for the magnetic flux density. This choice of basis functions obeys a discrete version of the de Rham diagram and leads to solutions that are free of spurious modes and numerically stable. We construct a parallel approach to compute the approximate inverse, and provide an error analysis of the resulting solutions versus the density of the approximate inverse and the mesh refinement considered. A higher-order version of the mixed FETD algorithm is also constructed, showing good convergence versus the polynomial order.
Book Synopsis The Finite Element Method in Electromagnetics by : Jian-Ming Jin
Download or read book The Finite Element Method in Electromagnetics written by Jian-Ming Jin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-18 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new edition of the leading textbook on the finite element method, incorporating major advancements and further applications in the field of electromagnetics The finite element method (FEM) is a powerful simulation technique used to solve boundary-value problems in a variety of engineering circumstances. It has been widely used for analysis of electromagnetic fields in antennas, radar scattering, RF and microwave engineering, high-speed/high-frequency circuits, wireless communication, electromagnetic compatibility, photonics, remote sensing, biomedical engineering, and space exploration. The Finite Element Method in Electromagnetics, Third Edition explains the method’s processes and techniques in careful, meticulous prose and covers not only essential finite element method theory, but also its latest developments and applications—giving engineers a methodical way to quickly master this very powerful numerical technique for solving practical, often complicated, electromagnetic problems. Featuring over thirty percent new material, the third edition of this essential and comprehensive text now includes: A wider range of applications, including antennas, phased arrays, electric machines, high-frequency circuits, and crystal photonics The finite element analysis of wave propagation, scattering, and radiation in periodic structures The time-domain finite element method for analysis of wideband antennas and transient electromagnetic phenomena Novel domain decomposition techniques for parallel computation and efficient simulation of large-scale problems, such as phased-array antennas and photonic crystals Along with a great many examples, The Finite Element Method in Electromagnetics is an ideal book for engineering students as well as for professionals in the field.
Book Synopsis The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method for Electromagnetics with MATLAB® Simulations by : Atef Z. Elsherbeni
Download or read book The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method for Electromagnetics with MATLAB® Simulations written by Atef Z. Elsherbeni and published by IET. This book was released on 2015-11-25 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is one of the best books on computational electromagnetics both for graduate students focusing on electromagnetics problems and for practicing engineering professionals in industry and government. It is designed as an advanced textbook and self-study guide to the FDTD method of solving EM problems and simulations. This latest edition has been expanded to include 5 entirely new chapters on advanced topics in the mainstream of FDTD practice. In addition to advanced techniques it also includes applications and examples, and some 'tricks and traps' of using MATLAB to achieve them. Compared to the previous version the second edition is more complete and is a good reference for someone who is performing FDTD research. This book is part of the ACES Series on Computational Electromagnetics and Engineering. Supplementary material can be found at the IET's ebook page Supplementary materials for professors are available upon request via email to [email protected].
Book Synopsis Transmission Lines and Lumped Circuits by : Giovanni Miano
Download or read book Transmission Lines and Lumped Circuits written by Giovanni Miano and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-02-23 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theory of transmission lines is a classical topic of electrical engineering. Recently this topic has received renewed attention and has been a focus of considerable research. This is because the transmisson line theory has found new and important applications in the area of high-speed VLSI interconnects, while it has retained its significance in the area of power transmission. In many applications, transmission lines are connected to nonlinear circuits. For instance, interconnects of high-speed VLSI chips can be modelled as transmission lines loaded with nonlinear elements. These nonlinearities may lead to many new effects such as instability, chaos, generation of higher order harmonics, etc. The mathematical models of transmission lines with nonlinear loads consist of the linear partial differential equations describing the current and voltage dynamics along the lines together with the nonlinear boundary conditions imposed by the nonlinear loads connected to the lines. These nonlinear boundary conditions make the mathematical treatment very difficult. For this reason, the analysis of transmission lines with nonlinear loads has not been addressed adequately in the existing literature. The unique and distinct feature of the proposed book is that it will present systematic, comprehensive, and in-depth analysis of transmission lines with nonlinear loads. A unified approach for the analysis of networks composed of distributed and lumped circuits A simple, concise and completely general way to present the wave propagation on transmission lines, including a thorough study of the line equations in characteristic form Frequency and time domain multiport representations of any linear transmission line A detailed analysis of the influence on the line characterization of the frequency and space dependence of the line parameters A rigorous study of the properties of the analytical and numerical solutions of the network equations The associated discrete circuits and the associated resisitive circuits of transmission lines Periodic solutions, bifurcations and chaos in transmission lines connected to noninear lumped circuits
Book Synopsis Advances in Time-Domain Computational Electromagnetic Methods by : Qiang Ren
Download or read book Advances in Time-Domain Computational Electromagnetic Methods written by Qiang Ren and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-11-15 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Time-Domain Computational Electromagnetic Methods Discover state-of-the-art time domain electromagnetic modeling and simulation algorithms Advances in Time-Domain Computational Electromagnetic Methods delivers a thorough exploration of recent developments in time domain computational methods for solving complex electromagnetic problems. The book discusses the main time domain computational electromagnetics techniques, including finite-difference time domain (FDTD), finite-element time domain (FETD), discontinuous Galerkin time domain (DGTD), time domain integral equation (TDIE), and other methods in electromagnetic, multiphysics modeling and simulation, and antenna designs. The book bridges the gap between academic research and real engineering applications by comprehensively surveying the full picture of current state-of-the-art time domain electromagnetic simulation techniques. Among other topics, it offers readers discussions of automatic load balancing schemes for DG-FETD/SETD methods and convolution quadrature time domain integral equation methods for electromagnetic scattering. Advances in Time-Domain Computational Electromagnetic Methods also includes: Introductions to cylindrical, spherical, and symplectic FDTD, as well as FDTD for metasurfaces with GSTC and FDTD for nonlinear metasurfaces Explorations of FETD for dispersive and nonlinear media and SETD-DDM for periodic/ quasi-periodic arrays Discussions of TDIE, including explicit marching-on-in-time solvers for second-kind time domain integral equations, TD-SIE DDM, and convolution quadrature time domain integral equation methods for electromagnetic scattering Treatments of deep learning, including time domain electromagnetic forward and inverse modeling using a differentiable programming platform Ideal for undergraduate and graduate students studying the design and development of various kinds of communication systems, as well as professionals working in these fields, Advances in Time-Domain Computational Electromagnetic Methods is also an invaluable resource for those taking advanced graduate courses in computational electromagnetic methods and simulation techniques.
Book Synopsis Numerical Electromagnetics by : Umran S. Inan
Download or read book Numerical Electromagnetics written by Umran S. Inan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-04-07 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning with the development of finite difference equations, and leading to the complete FDTD algorithm, this is a coherent introduction to the FDTD method (the method of choice for modeling Maxwell's equations). It provides students and professional engineers with everything they need to know to begin writing FDTD simulations from scratch and to develop a thorough understanding of the inner workings of commercial FDTD software. Stability, numerical dispersion, sources and boundary conditions are all discussed in detail, as are dispersive and anisotropic materials. A comparative introduction of the finite volume and finite element methods is also provided. All concepts are introduced from first principles, so no prior modeling experience is required, and they are made easier to understand through numerous illustrative examples and the inclusion of both intuitive explanations and mathematical derivations.
Book Synopsis Model Reduction for Circuit Simulation by : Peter Benner
Download or read book Model Reduction for Circuit Simulation written by Peter Benner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-25 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simulation based on mathematical models plays a major role in computer aided design of integrated circuits (ICs). Decreasing structure sizes, increasing packing densities and driving frequencies require the use of refined mathematical models, and to take into account secondary, parasitic effects. This leads to very high dimensional problems which nowadays require simulation times too large for the short time-to-market demands in industry. Modern Model Order Reduction (MOR) techniques present a way out of this dilemma in providing surrogate models which keep the main characteristics of the device while requiring a significantly lower simulation time than the full model. With Model Reduction for Circuit Simulation we survey the state of the art in the challenging research field of MOR for ICs, and also address its future research directions. Special emphasis is taken on aspects stemming from miniturisations to the nano scale. Contributions cover complexity reduction using e.g., balanced truncation, Krylov-techniques or POD approaches. For semiconductor applications a focus is on generalising current techniques to differential-algebraic equations, on including design parameters, on preserving stability, and on including nonlinearity by means of piecewise linearisations along solution trajectories (TPWL) and interpolation techniques for nonlinear parts. Furthermore the influence of interconnects and power grids on the physical properties of the device is considered, and also top-down system design approaches in which detailed block descriptions are combined with behavioral models. Further topics consider MOR and the combination of approaches from optimisation and statistics, and the inclusion of PDE models with emphasis on MOR for the resulting partial differential algebraic systems. The methods which currently are being developed have also relevance in other application areas such as mechanical multibody systems, and systems arising in chemistry and to biology. The current number of books in the area of MOR for ICs is very limited, so that this volume helps to fill a gap in providing the state of the art material, and to stimulate further research in this area of MOR. Model Reduction for Circuit Simulation also reflects and documents the vivid interaction between three active research projects in this area, namely the EU-Marie Curie Action ToK project O-MOORE-NICE (members in Belgium, The Netherlands and Germany), the EU-Marie Curie Action RTN-project COMSON (members in The Netherlands, Italy, Germany, and Romania), and the German federal project System reduction in nano-electronics (SyreNe).
Book Synopsis Wireless Information Networks by : Kaveh Pahlavan
Download or read book Wireless Information Networks written by Kaveh Pahlavan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-11-07 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Towards location aware mobile ad hoc sensors A Systems Engineering Approach to Wireless Information Networks The Second Edition of this internationally respected textbook brings readers fully up to date with the myriad of developments in wireless communications. When first published in 1995, wireless communications was synonymous with cellular telephones. Now wireless information networks are the most important technology in all branches of telecommunications. Readers can learn about the latest applications in such areas as ad hoc sensor networks, home networking, and wireless positioning. Wireless Information Networks takes a systems engineering approach: technical topics are presented in the context of how they fit into the ongoing development of new systems and services, as well as the recent developments in national and international spectrum allocations and standards. The authors have organized the myriad of current and emerging wireless technologies into logical categories: * Introduction to Wireless Networks presents an up-to-the-moment discussion of the evolution of the cellular industry from analog cellular technology to 2G, 3G, and 4G, as well as the emergence of WLAN and WPAN as broadband ad hoc networks * Characteristics of Radio Propagation includes new coverage of channel modeling for space-time, MIMO, and UWB communications and wireless geolocation networks * Modem Design offers new descriptions of space-time coding, MIMO antenna systems, UWB communications, and multi-user detection and interference cancellation techniques used in CDMA networks * Network Access and System Aspects incorporates new chapters on UWB systems and RF geolocations, with a thorough revision of wireless access techniques and wireless systems and standards Exercises that focus on real-world problems are provided at the end of each chapter. The mix of assignments, which includes computer projects and questionnaires in addition to traditional problem sets, helps readers focus on key issues and develop the skills they need to solve actual engineering problems. Extensive references are provided for those readers who would like to explore particular topics in greater depth. With its emphasis on knowledge-building to solve problems, this is an excellent graduate-level textbook. Like the previous edition, this latest edition will also be a standard reference for the telecommunications industry.
Book Synopsis Principles and Techniques of Electromagnetic Compatibility by : Christos Christopoulos
Download or read book Principles and Techniques of Electromagnetic Compatibility written by Christos Christopoulos and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-02-22 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike other publications, this new book offers a different approach to the study of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). It emphasizes the understanding of relevant electromagnetic interactions in increasingly complex systems. Mathematical tools are introduced when pursuing the physical picture unaided becomes counterproductive. In order to handle complexity, numerical tools are developed and the basis and capabilities of these tools are presented. Part I of the book covers underlying concepts and techniques. This includes discussions on electromagnetic fields, electrical circuit components, and electrical signals and circuits. The second part deals with general EMC concepts and techniques and will be useful for predicting the EMC behavior of systems. More practical techniques used to control electromagnetic interference and the design of EMC into products are presented in Part III. The main EMC standards and test techniques are described in the final part of the book. Chapters are designed to allow readers to study the entire book at a pace which reflects their own background and interests. The book appeals to both EMC applications-oriented and analysis-oriented readers. This text provides useful source material for a serious study of EMC, including references to more advanced work.
Book Synopsis Introduction to the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) Method for Electromagnetics by : Stephen Gedney
Download or read book Introduction to the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) Method for Electromagnetics written by Stephen Gedney and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) Method for Electromagnetics provides a comprehensive tutorial of the most widely used method for solving Maxwell's equations -- the Finite Difference Time-Domain Method. This book is an essential guide for students, researchers, and professional engineers who want to gain a fundamental knowledge of the FDTD method. It can accompany an undergraduate or entry-level graduate course or be used for self-study. The book provides all the background required to either research or apply the FDTD method for the solution of Maxwell's equations to practical problems in engineering and science. Introduction to the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) Method for Electromagnetics guides the reader through the foundational theory of the FDTD method starting with the one-dimensional transmission-line problem and then progressing to the solution of Maxwell's equations in three dimensions. It also provides step by step guides to modeling physical sources, lumped-circuit components, absorbing boundary conditions, perfectly matched layer absorbers, and sub-cell structures. Post processing methods such as network parameter extraction and far-field transformations are also detailed. Efficient implementations of the FDTD method in a high level language are also provided. Table of Contents: Introduction / 1D FDTD Modeling of the Transmission Line Equations / Yee Algorithm for Maxwell's Equations / Source Excitations / Absorbing Boundary Conditions / The Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) Absorbing Medium / Subcell Modeling / Post Processing
Book Synopsis Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility by : Clayton R. Paul
Download or read book Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility written by Clayton R. Paul and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-11-01 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: INTRODUCTION TO ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY The revised new edition of the classic textbook is an essential resource for anyone working with today’s advancements in both digital and analog devices, communications systems, as well as power/energy generation and distribution. Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility provides thorough coverage of the techniques and methodologies used to design and analyze electronic systems that function acceptably in their electromagnetic environment. Assuming no prior familiarity with electromagnetic compatibility, this user-friendly textbook first explains fundamental EMC concepts and technologies before moving on to more advanced topics in EMC system design. This third edition reflects the results of an extensive detailed review of the entire second edition, embracing and maintaining the content that has “stood the test of time”, such as from the theory of electromagnetic phenomena and associated mathematics, to the practical background information on U.S. and international regulatory requirements. In addition to converting Dr. Paul’s original SPICE exercises to contemporary utilization of LTSPICE, there is new chapter material on antenna modeling and simulation. This edition will continue to provide invaluable information on computer modeling for EMC, circuit board and system-level EMC design, EMC test practices, EMC measurement procedures and equipment, and more such as: Features fully-worked examples, topic reviews, self-assessment questions, end-of-chapter exercises, and numerous high-quality images and illustrations Contains useful appendices of phasor analysis methods, electromagnetic field equations and waves. The ideal textbook for university courses on EMC, Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility, Third Edition is also an invaluable reference for practicing electrical engineers dealing with interference issues or those wanting to learn more about electromagnetic compatibility to become better product designers.
Book Synopsis A Fractional-step Method for Solving 3-D Time-domain Maxwell Equations by : J. S. Shang
Download or read book A Fractional-step Method for Solving 3-D Time-domain Maxwell Equations written by J. S. Shang and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
