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Author : Elena Domene
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 41 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (83 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on Urban Sustainability written by Elena Domene and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Uzo Nishiyama
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351391038
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)
Download or read book Reflections on Urban, Regional and National Space written by Uzo Nishiyama and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nishiyama Uzō, educated as an architect between 1930 and 1933, was a key figure in Japanese urban planning. He was a prolific writer who influenced a whole generation of Japanese urban planners and his interpretations of foreign planning and local practice still influence Japanese planning theory and practice today. Nishiyama’s first publications date to the 1930s, and his last ones appeared in the 1990s, spanning a period of enormous political and spatial changes. The three articles translated here, originally published in the 1940s in professional magazines, show how Nishiyama developed his theoretical models based on a social approach to architecture and planning, focusing on land use and land control rather than aesthetic preferences. They provide insight into Nishiyama’s early thinking, his analysis of foreign examples, his reflection on large-scale regional and national spatial organization, and his architectural and urban visions, providing a remarkable and fascinating insight into the state of planning in Japan. These texts call scholarly attention to the writing of a global planning history and invite the reader to engage with a major figure in planning who is largely unknown outside Japan; to reconsider Japanese planning history; and to work towards a truly global planning history. How does Nishiyama compare to the great urban planners of the past in the West, such as Patrick Geddes, Lewis Mumford, or Werner Hegemann? Many more translations will be necessary to answer this question.
Author : Yiou Zuo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (919 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on Urban Transportation and the Environment written by Yiou Zuo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis comprises three essays on topics of environmental economics, focusing on the U.S. transportation sector. The first essay examines scrappage patterns of used vehicle in the U.S. market. We estimate vehicle life time and the elasticity of scrappage rate with respect to vehicle price. These two parameters are used in simulation models to evaluate public policies like CAFE standards and gasoline taxes. We find that not only are vehicles lasting longer but that scrap rates are less responsive to changes in vehicle price than previously estimated. The second essay examines the impact of removing minimum parking requirements by exploiting New York City's 1982 deregulation of parking in the Manhattan core. We use a Difference-InDifference model to estimate the impact of this policy change on housing density, vehicle density and population density. We find that eliminating the mandated parking spaces increases housing density by 23% and increases, rather than decrease vehicle density by 13%. The policy does not appear to impact population density, perhaps because household sizes shrink after its implementation. The last essay compares the energy intensity for public transit buses and private driving across 62 US cities. We find that there are only 11 cities where private driving outperforms public buses in terms of energy intensity. In addition, if there are other mode of public transportation, such as rail system, they are usually much less energy intense than private driving. To improve bus energy intensity, it might be very difficult to solely reply on transit agencies' effort of attracting more ridership.
Author : Toni L. Griffin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781495184239
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (842 download)
Download or read book The Just City Essays written by Toni L. Griffin and published by . This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 147 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on Real Estate, Environmental, and Urban Economics Using the Hedonic Price Model Technique written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Barbara Eckstein
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262550431
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)
Download or read book Story and Sustainability written by Barbara Eckstein and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2003-05-23 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Story and Sustainability explores the role of story in planning theory and practice, with the goal of creating U.S. cities able to balance competing claims for economic growth, environmental health, and social justice. In the book, urban practitioners and scholars from fields as diverse as American studies, English, geography, history, planning, and criminal justice reflect critically on the traditional exclusionary power of storytelling and on its potential to facilitate the transformations of imagination, theory, and practice necessary to create sustainable, democratic American cities. The book begins with an editors' introduction identifying story, sustainable U.S. cities, and democracy as the three key themes. Part I advances and refines these concepts, connects them to contemporary U.S. urban planning, and provides tools that can be used when reading and interpreting the texts in part II. Part II exemplifies, amplifies, and modifies the key themes and arguments through the presentation of eight texts: theoretical and experiential, academic and nonacademic, expository and narrative, and familiar and unfamiliar. The combined focus on story and urban sustainability makes this book a unique contribution to planning literature.
Author : Paul Kriesis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on Town Planning written by Paul Kriesis and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David Russell Hansen
Publisher : Stanford University
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 147 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Three Essays in Development Economics written by David Russell Hansen and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is composed of three chapters. All three deal with topics in development economics. The first chapter examines the effects on village institutions of introducing formal financial institution options into the village. The second addresses the effects of government policy on educational investment and crime. The third tests the explanatory power of various explanations of the gender gap in math test scores. The first chapter examines the effects of a transition from a ``traditional'' economy based on an uncertain source of income, with risk fully insured away by one's neighbors in a social network through costly network ties, to a ``modern'' economy in which some agents have access to partial insurance at a lower cost. A theoretical model is used to show that village social networks can break down as some members of the village no longer need the insurance the social network provides, producing a reduction in welfare (if the costs of reducing moral hazard are not too high) for at least some individuals and possibly the village as a whole. This loss of welfare can occur even when networks provide other benefits to those belonging to them and is likely to be heterogeneous, depending on the opportunities and networks available to individuals. This paper tests these predictions using Indonesian data to examine the effect of a change in the banking institutions available to a community on the strength of social networks (measured by community participation) and welfare (measured by household expenditure and by child health). The analysis finds that changing financial institution availability in general does not influence community participation or welfare, but that financial institutions that primarily serve certain groups do relatively reduce the welfare of households not in those groups, which is consistent with the hypotheses generated by the model. Crime is an important feature of economic life in many countries, especially in the developing world. Crime distorts many economic decisions because it acts like an unpredictable tax on earnings. In particular, the threat of crime may influence people's willingness to invest in schooling or physical capital. The second chapter explores the questions "What influence do crime rates and levels of investment have on one another?" and "How do government policies affect the relationship between investment and crime?" by creating a simple structural model of crime and educational investment and attempting to fit this model to Mexican data. A method of simulated moments procedure is used to estimate parameters of the model and the estimated parameters are then used to carry out policy simulations. The simulations show that increasing spending on police or increasing the severity of punishment reduces crime but has little effect on educational investment. Increased educational subsidies increase educational investment but reduce crime only slightly. Thus, one type of policy is insufficient to accomplish the goals of both reducing crime and increasing education. The third chapter is joint work with Prashant Bharadwaj, Giacomo De Giorgi, and Christopher Neilson. Boys tend to have better performances than girls in mathematical testing; in particular, there are significantly more boys than girls among high achievers and the score distribution appears to have a longer right tail for boys. We confirm such results on several low- and middle-income countries. In particular we find that the gender gap is already present by age 10 and substantially increases by age 14 and 15. We propose and try to test a series of explanations for such a gap: (i) parental investment, (ii) ability, (iii) school resources, (iv) individual investment and effort (not tested directly), (v) competitive environment, and (vi) cultural norms. We conclude that none of our proposed explanations can account for a substantial portion of the gap.
Author : 夘三·西山
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (21 download)
Download or read book Reflections on Urban written by 夘三·西山 and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Richard Verr Eastin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (469 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on Urban Transportation and Residential Land Use written by Richard Verr Eastin and published by . This book was released on 1972* with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lyndsey Anne Rolheiser
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on Urban Economics written by Lyndsey Anne Rolheiser and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three chapters contained in this dissertation represent a body of work concerned with ubiquitous municipal issues that affect the economic health, vibrancy, and stability of municipalities. These issues are generated through the interaction between agents within the municipality and the built environment of the municipality. The first chapter investigates the role of postwar housing characteristics in neighborhood decline. Extant literature hypothesizes that postwar vintage specific housing characteristics are contributing more to observations of decline than general housing age as the postwar home is no longer aligned with current consumer demand. I address this hypothesis by empirically separating aging and postwar vintage effects at the neighborhood level. Findings indicate previous empirical results linking postwar housing to decline confounded the age and vintage effect. Once separated, the postwar vintage effect is not a significant source of neighborhood decline as housing age is the driving factor. In the second chapter, I explore the relationship between development patterns and municipal expenditures. Measures that capture the multidimensional aspects of land use patterns exist within the planning and landscape ecology literature but have not been applied to the 'Cost of Sprawl' discourse until now. Using a unique GIS data set covering all of Massachusetts, I construct measures of separation, continuity, centrality, integration, and concentration of residential and commercial land uses within municipalities. Findings suggest some aspects of land use patterns championed by Smart Growth and New Urbanism advocates produce lower levels of municipal expenditures per capita as compared to more sprawling development patterns. The final chapter focuses on the issue of property tax incidence. With increasing reliance upon commercial property tax revenue, it is important that municipalities fully understand the implications of such reliance especially when it comes to attracting and retaining local business. Existing literature on commercial property tax is limited and only a small handful of studies focus on the issue of commercial property tax incidence. I contribute to this slim literature by asking one question in particular: who does the commercial property tax burden fall upon? Based on data from 96 Massachusetts municipalities over 26 years, I find nearly 100% of the burden is passed through to the renter.
Author : Céline Ferré
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (34 download)
Download or read book Three Essays in Development Economics written by Céline Ferré and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lauren Curtright
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 1498536603
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)
Download or read book Sustainability and the City written by Lauren Curtright and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainability and the City: Urban Poetics and Politics contributes to third-generation discourse on sustainable development by considering, through a humanistic lens, theories and practices of sustainability in a wide range of urban cultures. It demonstrates cities’ inextricability from discussions on sustainability because not only is the world urbanizing at an unprecedented rate but also cities are primary locations of the circulation of excess capital, socioeconomic divisions and hierarchies, political resistance, friction between human and non-human worlds, and the confluence of art, policy, and identity formation in placemaking. With essays by scholars working in a variety of fields—from architecture to literature to music to sociology—this collection maintains that any hope for achieving urban sustainability will require taking seriously the ways in which cities are imagined. Efforts to make cities sustainable must fully incorporate the humanities because critical endeavors and creative expressions that fall within the purview of the humanities are vital to closing the conceptual gulf, as well as the practical gap, between human and non-human conservation. Even if the environmental humanities embrace cities, critics must ask whether coalescing the terms ‘sustainability’ and ‘city’ may actually obstruct human action to combat climate change—which, from some angles, seems impending, self-imposed apocalypse. To examine the urban turn, Sustainability and the City attends to culture. Essays in the first part of the collection approach urban sustainability from various disciplinary vantage points to emphasize history, ideology, pedagogy, and critical theory. The second part of the collection analyzes urban commons on four different continents. Finally, the collection moves from a diverse set of interpretations of on-the-ground urban phenomena to a compilation of readings of sustainability in different media and genres—sound art, drama, fiction, and film—set in, or evocative of, cities. The collection carves out a place for artists and critics to help realize social justice in cities, which generate remarkable power, but power that is too often and too easily used destructively, unfairly, and wastefully despite cities’ unique capacities to inspire and sustain humanity.
Author : Resources for the Future
Publisher : Johns Hopkins University Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (41 download)
Download or read book The Quality of the Urban Environment written by Resources for the Future and published by Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 1969 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jae-Wan Ahn
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 115 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (114 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on Housing Markets, Urban Land Use, and the Environment written by Jae-Wan Ahn and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is a highly urbanized nation. Today, with a growing number of people living in cities, a better understanding of how changes within urban areas impact the well-being of residents has important implications for policymakers and communities. The urban spatial structure of these cities is continually evolving, and in different ways across cities. This changing urban environment has substantial impacts on health and well-being. This dissertation takes a comprehensive view of social welfare from a policy perspective, including questions related to environmental degradation and public health, in order to scrutinize how urban gradients and urban spatial structures yield different consequences and affect residents in various ways. My first chapter explores how changing urbanization patterns in the United States influences air quality outcomes. Specifically, I seek to answer whether more compact forms of residential development result in better air quality relative to more sprawling patterns. I use spatially explicit data on air pollution and residential development, including over 6 million observations on new housing from tax assessment data, across large metropolitan areas to reveal a causal link between urban sprawl and air pollution from vehicle traffic. I find that compact cities experience a larger reduction in nitrogen dioxide and ozone compared with sprawling cities. In my second chapter, I explore the health benefits of urban green space. In order to better understand the impacts of urban green space on health outcomes, I examine the effects of city park area on mortality rates from cardiovascular disease among the elderly. I combine city park data with data on mortality rates, behavioral risk factors, and socioeconomic characteristics to conduct comparative case studies utilizing a synthetic control method. I select cities with significantly increased and reduced park area and examine how health benefits vary compared to cities where park area has not expanded. My results indicate that cities with increased park area experience a larger reduction in cardiovascular mortality for the elderly compared to their synthetic counterparts, although cities with reduced park area fail to show that there is a negative causal link between the reduction of parkland and cardiovascular mortality. In my third chapter, I study spatial variations in housing market resilience within and across U.S. metropolitan areas. I investigate how residential housing markets respond to the economic boom and bust periods before, during and after the Great Recession across urban, suburban, and exurban areas. Using over 15 million observations of housing sales across the largest 51 metropolitan areas of over one million population, this essay focuses on variations across census tracts to trace the path of housing prices at the neighborhood level. The results indicate that, relative to suburban and exurban areas, housing markets in urban areas were harder hit during the recession but recovered faster after the market crash. Urban and exurban housing markets within cities with high geographical restrictions fell to a similar extent during the bust. I also find that the West region was particularly volatile during this sample period.
Author : S. Syngellakis
Publisher : WIT Press
ISBN 13 : 1784664472
Total Pages : 662 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (846 download)
Download or read book The Sustainable City XV written by S. Syngellakis and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2021-12-13 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consisting of presented papers from the 15th International Conference on Urban Regeneration and Sustainability, the included works address various aspects of the urban environment and provide solutions leading towards sustainability. Urban areas result in a series of environmental challenges varying from the consumption of natural resources and the subsequent generation of waste and pollution, contributing to the development of social and economic imbalances. As cities continue to grow all over the world, these problems tend to become more acute and require the development of new solutions. The challenge of planning sustainable contemporary cities lies in considering the dynamics of urban systems, exchange of energy and matter, and the function and maintenance of ordered structures directly or indirectly supplied and maintained by natural systems. The task of researchers is to improve the capacity to manage human activities, pursuing welfare and prosperity in the urban environment. Any investigation or planning on a city ought to consider the relationships between the parts and their connections with the living world. The dynamics of its networks (flows of energy matter, people, goods, information and other resources) are fundamental for an understanding of the evolving nature of today’s cities. Large cities represent a fertile ground for architects, engineers, city planners, social and political scientists, and other professionals able to conceive new ideas and time them according to technological advances and human requirements. Coastal areas and coastal cities are an important area covered in this volume as they have some specific features. Their strategic location facilitates transportation and the development of related activities, but this requires the existence of large ports, with the corresponding increase in maritime and road traffic and all its inherent negative effects. This requires the development of well-planned and managed urban environments, not only for reasons of efficiency and economics but also to avoid inflicting environmental degradation that causes the deterioration of natural resources, quality of life and human health. These research papers put a focus on sustainability across the multidisciplinary components of urban planning, the challenges presented by the increasing size of cities, the number of resources required and the complexity of modern society.
Author : Luca Pattaroni
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811686718
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)
Download or read book Politics of Urban Planning written by Luca Pattaroni and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-03-29 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an interdisciplinary and dynamic account of the politicization of urban planning in Mumbai, India. It presents a unique perspective on the tensions and conflicts pervading the development and regulation of contemporary cities in the wider context of global urbanization, and broadens readers’ understanding of urban planning, chiefly focusing on the interplay between grassroots movements, experts’ involvement, and sociotechnical questions. As the respective chapters of the book show, the various controversies surrounding the Mumbai Development Plan (MDP) have called into question the social and political effects of reshaping the city, the exclusion, and inequalities it has produced, but also the role it confers on the state and the market, and its impacts on the environment. After carefully describing these controversies, the book tackles the fundamental democratic question of who gets to define the future of a city. Given its scope, the book is of interest to researchers, students, and teachers of city planning, urban development, and urban studies, as well as policymakers.
