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Author : Shekhar Tomar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (989 download)
Download or read book Three Essays in Trade and Production Networks written by Shekhar Tomar and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le résumé en anglais n'a pas été communiqué par l'auteur.
Author : Adam Jakubik
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on Networks and Trade written by Adam Jakubik and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis comprises three chapters that contribute to the fields of industrial organisation and international trade. The first chapter presents an application of network games to modelling the complex market structures in spatial competition, the second chapter studies how various sources of value added in China’s exports to the US affect employment in import competing sectors, and the third chapter reveals how the use of services in these sectors attenuates the employment effects of import competition. Although they follow different methodologies - the first chapter is applied theory and the latter two are empirical - the chapters have in common an underlying network structure to economic interactions, be it competitive relationships or inputoutput linkages, that shapes the outcomes of various forms of competition, spatial competition between firms and competition due to exposure to international trade. The first chapter models complex market structures as networks based on geographic or product space proximity. Firms set prices given the information they have of the network structure. I study how the network structure and firms’ knowledge of the network structure jointly determine equilibrium pricing behaviour. The second chapter studies the relationship between increased trade with China bilateral trade flows allows to differentiate between effects of Chinese and third country drivers of the trade shock. We find that the negative labour market effects of imports are not driven by GVC integration and have greatly diminished by now. Evolving Chinese comparative advantage has extended the adjustment period. We contribute a novel trade exposure measure that accounts for exposure faced by upstream industries. The third chapter presents evidence that the use services inputs by manufacturing industries attenuates the impact of import competition. Potential mechanisms for this finding are explored, revealing significant heterogeneity across different services.
Author : Itay Perah Fainmesser
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (657 download)
Download or read book Essays on Networks and Markets written by Itay Perah Fainmesser and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis consists of three essays on the theory of networks and its applications to markets. The first essay develops a new model for studying repeated games in buyer-seller networks, and explores the connection between network structure and cooperation. The second essay introduces new techniques to analyze the effect of Word-Of-Mouth (WOM) on cooperation in networked markets. The third essay studies how network structure affects the timing of hiring in networked markets. Consider a large market with asymmetric information, in which sellers choose whether to cooperate or deviate and 'cheat' their buyers, and buyers decide whether to re-purchase from different sellers. In the first chapter I model active trade relationships as links in a buyer-seller network and suggest a framework for studying repeated games in such networks. I derive conditions that determine whether a network is a Steady State Cooperation Network (SSCN)--a network that is consistent with trade and trust between every buyer and seller that are connected. In particular, three network features increase the incentives for cooperation: sparseness, moderate competition, and segregation.
Author : Chrysostomos Tabakis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (623 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on International Trade written by Chrysostomos Tabakis and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Soomin Jung
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (127 download)
Download or read book Essays on Economics of Networks written by Soomin Jung and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is on economics of networks. The first two chapters study what network sellers and buyers create when there exist gains of trade. The last chapter studies information diffusion on a given network. In the first two chapters, I study sellers and buyers who trade via bargaining. Agents can often increase their bargaining power by increasing the value of their outside options. They may seek to invest in costly relationships with potential trade partners. That is, they form an endogenous trade network and then bargain with their trade partners. I study a two-stage model in which sellers and buyers trade non-cooperatively on an endogenous trade network. In Chapter 1, sellers are assumed to have no capacity constraints. The main result of this chapter is that even though agents can increase their bargaining power by forming relationships with multiple trading partners, there exists an efficient subgame perfect equilibrium--that is, all the gains from trade are realized with the minimum costs and without a delay. Chapter 2 assumes that sellers are endowed with one unit of a good for a trade following the tradition of the bargaining literature. The capacity constraint increases the seller's bargaining power if there are many buyers who want to buy a good from each seller. This may give incentives to sellers to invest in superfluous links. Chapter 2 shows that the market can achieve efficiency even if sellers have the capacity constraint. In specific, a bilateral trading network is supported as an equilibrium network. Chapter 3 studies information diffusion on a fixed network through word-of-mouth. Word-of-mouth is an effective tool that a firm leverages to advertise the quality of its products to uninformed consumers. Such viral marketing, however, may fail if the consumers' "words" are not credible. Suppose that consumers are located on a given network and a firm "buys" one consumer and employs her as an implant to make recommendations of a product to her neighbors regardless of the actual quality of the good. I show that the viral marketing fails if the consumer network has a node with an excessively high degree of connection--for instance, a star network or a complete network--which undermines the credibility of the recommendation from an implant employed by a firm to promote a bad quality product. Also, if the viral marketing works, a good quality product is spread out over the network while a bad quality is driven out.
Author : Arnaud Costinot
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (623 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on International Trade and Institutions written by Arnaud Costinot and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Han Qi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (896 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on International Trade and Fragmentation written by Han Qi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Terrie James Carolan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (845 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on Empirical Analysis of Trade written by Terrie James Carolan and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Nannette Lindenberg
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (796 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on Challenges in International Trade and Finance written by Nannette Lindenberg and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Yanling Wang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (526 download)
Download or read book Three Essays in International Trade written by Yanling Wang and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Pamela Bombarda
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on Trade and Mode of Supply written by Pamela Bombarda and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jin Zhang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (664 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on Free Trade Agreements and R & D Collaboration written by Jin Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Liaoliao Li
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Essays on Free Trade Networks written by Liaoliao Li and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years there has been more research on using network structures to explain economic and social relationships. In our study, we are interested in trade networks where two countries are linked if they have a free trade agreement (FTA) which eliminates tariffs between the two countries. Examples about free trade agreements include the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) among the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Another example is of Australia and New Zealand who signed the Closer Economic Relations Agreement in 1983, and of Australia who recently signed an FTA with Singapore. This dissertation consists of three chapters in which the stability of trade networks is examined when tariffs are exogenously given; when they are endogenously determined; and when countries are faced with transportation costs. Chapter one studies a setting with three countries A, B, and C that trade two differentiated products. There is a single firm in each country, and firms A, B, and C compete as Cournot oligopolists. Firm A and firm B produce one good, and firm C produces another. The countries can form bilateral FTAs with each other, which simply means that they have tariff-free entry to the member countries markets. The initial import tariff in each country is exogenously given. We show that either a complete free trade network and/or a trade network where country A and country B sign an FTA but country C is isolated may be stable. When the two products are highly substitutable, the complete free trade network is the stable and unique efficient network. In chapter two, we analyze the case where tariffs are endogenously determined and countries can choose their optimal tariffs. Similarly, we use a three-country model in which three countries trade two differentiated products. We would like to examine whether countries A, B, and C have incentives to sign FTAs and whether a stable free trade network can be achieved when tariffs are endogenous. We show that no matter whether goods 1 and 2 are highly substitutable or not, a complete free trade network is always the unique pairwise stable network. In the last chapter, distance and transportation costs are added to the basic model with endogenous tariffs. The main question we would like to answer in this chapter is whether a global trade liberalization or regional trade agreements can be formed. Interestingly, we find that countries' incentives to form FTAs largely depend on the distance between each country. If countries are located in different regions with different distance with each other, hub-and-spokes trade networks or trade networks where countries A and B are linked can be pairwise stable networks. However, when there is no transportation cost, a complete free trade network is the unique pairwise stable network.
Author : Davide Arioldi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (124 download)
Download or read book Institutional Setting and Networks Effect on International Trade written by Davide Arioldi and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis explores the role of different measures of proximity on some topics related to international trade. We focus on how institutional setting (institutional proximity) and network structure (cognitive and social proximity) influence the geography of international trade. In the first chapter, we extend the results of Rose and Spiegel (2011) and the findings by Bista (2017) proposing a source of heterogeneity for the Olympic effect: the institutional channel. We prove that the Olympic effect is only a member of the broader Mega-events effect and we find different liberalization behaviors among legal families after bidding for the event. In the second chapter, we apply a new index of bargaining power in communications network to the choice of invoicing currency. Our bargaining index is derived implementing the Calvo- Aremngol (2001) index in a weighted and directed network. Our aim is to understand whether the exporter and importer's sector bargaining powers (defined by the relative trade positions in the network of communications) have a role in the currency choice. With highly disaggregated Italian export and import customs data, we document a significant impact on the invoicing currency decision of our bargaining power index. Importers (exporters) with greater bargaining power tend to price their traded goods in the local (producer) currencies. In the third chapter of this thesis, we incorporate the empirical evidence of "extended gravity" and spatial exporter effects into the gravity model of trade with heterogeneous firms developed by Chaney (2008). Introducing country pairs and spatially correlated preferences in the consumers' utility, we explain most of the network effects found by previous scholars. Our results are confirmed in a structural estimation of the model on a subset of products and countries. We identify the spatial correlation parameter of consumers' preferences considering, in a custom union, the ratio of export to the same country from different countries, in order to control for observed and unobserved fixed costs to export, using a Monte Carlo Markov Chain (HMC) estimator.
Author : Christian Hepenstrick
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 147 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (74 download)
Download or read book Three Essays in International Trade written by Christian Hepenstrick and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jayme, Jr. (Frederico G.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (587 download)
Download or read book Three Essays on Trade and Growth written by Jayme, Jr. (Frederico G.) and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Bill Emmott
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Managing the International System Over the Next Ten Years written by Bill Emmott and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors of the three individual essays in this book reflect on the challenges, over the next ten years or so, of managing the international system and of democratic industrialized societies in that system. These essays have helped frame a re-examination within the Trilateral Commission of the underlying rationale and needed directions of its work. Bill Emmott argues that "the future is defined more by disorder and obscurity than by order and clarity, and that policies must be shaped accordingly to be agile and to deal with a range of potential dangers.... [The] Trilateral alliance has a role to play that is, if anything, even more crucial in this disordered future." For the reforms needed in Japan, Koji Watanabe contends, "Japan has to be all the more international, all the more engaged and active in the shaping of the international setting within which domestic reform has to take place." Cooperation among advanced industrial democracies will continue to "form an important pillar" for Japan within "multilayer networks of bilateral, regional and functional cooperation." Comparing the current period to the end of the last century, a time of unwarranted complacency about the international order, Paul Wolfowitz argues that the foreign policy stakes for the United States and the other industrialized democracies remain very large: "If we can sustain Trilateral cooperation, we will have a strong base from which to tackle the specific challenges we face."
