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Thermocapillary Flow With Evaporation And Condensation And Its Effect On Liquid Retention In Low G Fluid Acquisition Devices
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Book Synopsis Thermocapillary Flow with Evaporation and Condensation and Its Effect on Liquid Retention in Low-G Fluid Acquisition Devices by : G. R. Schmidt
Download or read book Thermocapillary Flow with Evaporation and Condensation and Its Effect on Liquid Retention in Low-G Fluid Acquisition Devices written by G. R. Schmidt and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thermocapillary Flow with Evaporation and Condensation and Its Effect on Liquid Retention in Low-G Fluid Acquisition Devices by : G. R. Schmidt
Download or read book Thermocapillary Flow with Evaporation and Condensation and Its Effect on Liquid Retention in Low-G Fluid Acquisition Devices written by G. R. Schmidt and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781724691606 Total Pages :270 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (916 download)
Book Synopsis Thermocapillary Flow with Evaporation and Condensation and Its Effect on Liquid Retention in Low-G Fluid Acquisition Devices by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Thermocapillary Flow with Evaporation and Condensation and Its Effect on Liquid Retention in Low-G Fluid Acquisition Devices written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-04 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The steady motion, thermal and free surface behavior of a volatile, wetting liquid in microgravity are studied using scaling and numerical techniques. The objective is to determine whether the thermocapillary and two-phase convection arising from thermodynamic nonequilibrium along the porous surfaces of spacecraft liquid acquisition devices could cause the retention failures observed with liquid hydrogen and heated vapor pressurant. Why these devices seem immune to retention loss when pressurized with heated helium or heated directly through the porous structure was also examined. Results show that highly wetting fluids exhibit large negative and positive dynamic pressure gradients towards the meniscus interline when superheated and subcooled, respectively. With superheating, the pressure variation and recoil force arising from liquid/vapor phase change exert the same influence on surface morphology and promote retention. With subcooling, however, the pressure distribution produces a suction that degrades mechanical equilibrium of the surface. This result indicates that thermocapillary-induced deformation arising from subcooling and condensation is the likely cause for retention loss. In addition, increasing the level of nonequilibrium by reducing accommodation coefficient suppresses deformation and explains why this failure mode does not occur in instances of direct screen heating or pressurization with a heated inert gas. Schmidt, George R. Marshall Space Flight Center NASA-TP-3463, M-743, NAS 1.60:3463 PROJ. 91-15...
Book Synopsis Thermocapillary Flow with Evaporation and Condensation and Its Effect on Liquid Retention in Low-G Fluid Acquisition Devices by : George Raymond Schmidt (Jr.)
Download or read book Thermocapillary Flow with Evaporation and Condensation and Its Effect on Liquid Retention in Low-G Fluid Acquisition Devices written by George Raymond Schmidt (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Liquid Acquisition Devices for Advanced In-Space Cryogenic Propulsion Systems by : Jason William Hartwig
Download or read book Liquid Acquisition Devices for Advanced In-Space Cryogenic Propulsion Systems written by Jason William Hartwig and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-11-21 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquid Acquisition Devices for Advanced In-Space Cryogenic Propulsion Systems discusses the importance of reliable cryogenic systems, a pivotal part of everything from engine propulsion to fuel deposits. As some of the most efficient systems involve advanced cryogenic fluid management systems that present challenging issues, the book tackles issues such as the difficulty in obtaining data, the lack of quality data and models, and the complexity in trying to model these systems. The book presents models and experimental data based on rare and hard-to-obtain cryogenic data. Through clear descriptions of practical data and models, readers will explore the development of robust and flexible liquid acquisition devices (LAD) through component-level and full-scale ground experiments, as well as analytical tools. This book presents new and rare experimental data, as well as analytical models, in a fundamental area to the aerospace and space-flight communities. With this data, the reader can consider new and improved ways to design, analyze, and build expensive flight systems. Presents a definitive reference for design ideas, analysis tools, and performance data on cryogenic liquid acquisition devices Provides historical perspectives to present fundamental design models and performance data, which are applied to two practical examples throughout the book Describes a series of models to optimize liquid acquisition device performance, which are confirmed through a variety of parametric component level tests Includes video clips of experiments on a companion website
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The 1994 Silver Anniversary of APOLLO 11: From the Moon to the Stars by :
Download or read book The 1994 Silver Anniversary of APOLLO 11: From the Moon to the Stars written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer by :
Download or read book Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis FY 1994 Scientific and Technical Reports, Articles, Papers, and Presentations by :
Download or read book FY 1994 Scientific and Technical Reports, Articles, Papers, and Presentations written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Transport Phenomena in the Micropores of Plug-type Phase Separators by : Michel M. Fazah
Download or read book Transport Phenomena in the Micropores of Plug-type Phase Separators written by Michel M. Fazah and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis 33rd Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit by :
Download or read book 33rd Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government Reports Annual Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sections 1-2. Keyword Index.--Section 3. Personal author index.--Section 4. Corporate author index.-- Section 5. Contract/grant number index, NTIS order/report number index 1-E.--Section 6. NTIS order/report number index F-Z.
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-08 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Buoyancy-Thermocapillary Convection of Volatile Fluids in Confined and Sealed Geometries by : Tongran Qin
Download or read book Buoyancy-Thermocapillary Convection of Volatile Fluids in Confined and Sealed Geometries written by Tongran Qin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-25 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis represents the first systematic description of the two-phase flow problem. Two-phase flows of volatile fluids in confined geometries driven by an applied temperature gradient play an important role in a range of applications, including thermal management, such as heat pipes, thermosyphons, capillary pumped loops and other evaporative cooling devices. Previously, this problem has been addressed using a piecemeal approach that relied heavily on correlations and unproven assumptions, and the science and technology behind heat pipes have barely evolved in recent decades. The model introduced in this thesis, however, presents a comprehensive physically based description of both the liquid and the gas phase. The model has been implemented numerically and successfully validated against the available experimental data, and the numerical results are used to determine the key physical processes that control the heat and mass flow and describe the flow stability. One of the key contributions of this thesis work is the description of the role of noncondensables, such as air, on transport. In particular, it is shown that many of the assumptions used by current engineering models of evaporative cooling devices are based on experiments conducted at atmospheric pressures, and these assumptions break down partially or completely when most of the noncondensables are removed, requiring a new modeling approach presented in the thesis. Moreover, Numerical solutions are used to motivate and justify a simplified analytical description of transport in both the liquid and the gas layer, which can be used to describe flow stability and determine the critical Marangoni number and wavelength describing the onset of the convective pattern. As a result, the results presented in the thesis should be of interest both to engineers working in heat transfer and researchers interested in fluid dynamics and pattern formation.
Book Synopsis Dropwise Condensation of Water and Low Surface Tension Fluids on Structured Surfaces by : Yajing Zhao (S.M.)
Download or read book Dropwise Condensation of Water and Low Surface Tension Fluids on Structured Surfaces written by Yajing Zhao (S.M.) and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Condensation is a ubiquitous process often observed in nature and our daily lives. The large amount of latent heat released during the condensation process has been harnessed in many industrial processes such as power generation, building heating and cooling, desalination, dew harvesting, thermal management, and refrigeration. Condensation has two modes: dropwise mode and filmwise mode. Although it has been known for decades that dropwise condensation outperforms filmwise condensation in heat transfer owing to the droplet shedding effects which can efficiently reduce thermal resistance, filmwise condensation still dominates industrial applications currently due to the high costs, low robustness and technical challenges of manufacturing dropwise coatings. During water condensation, dropwise mode can be readily promoted with thin hydrophobic coatings. Superhydrophobic surfaces made out of hydrophobic coatings on micro-or-nano-engineered surfaces have shown further heat transfer enhancement in dropwise condensation of water; however, the applications of these micro- or nanoscale structured surface designs have been restricted by the high manufacturing expenses and short range of subcooling limit. Recent studies have shown that the combination of millimeter sized geometric features and plain hydrophobic coatings can effectively manipulate droplet distribution of water condensate, which provides opportunities to locally facilitate dropwise condensation at relatively low manufacturing expenses as compared to those delicate micro- and nano-structured hydrophobic surfaces. Low surface tension fluids such as hydrocarbons pose a unique challenge to achieving dropwise condensation, because common hydrophobic coatings are not capable of repelling low surface tension fluids. Recent development in lubricant infused surfaces (LIS) offers promising solutions to achieving dropwise condensation of low surface tension fluids by replacing the solid-condensate interface in conventional hydrophobic coatings with a smooth lubricant-condensate interface. However, only a few experimental studies have applied LIS to promoting dropwise condensation of low surface tension fluids (y as low as 15 mN/m). In this work, we investigated dropwise condensation of both water (y ~ 72 mN/m) and a low surface tension fluid, namely butane (y - 13 mN/m) on structured surfaces. For water condensation, we studied the effects of millimeter sized geometric structures on dropwise condensation heat transfer under two different environments: pure vapor and an air-vapor mixture. Our experimental results show that, although convex structures enable faster droplet growth in an air-vapor mixture, the same structures impose the opposite effect during pure vapor condensation, hindering droplet growth. We developed a numerical model for each case to predict the heat flux distribution along the structured surface, and the model shows good agreement with experimental results. This work demonstrates that the effects of geometric features on dropwise condensation are not invariable but rather dependent on the scenario of resistances to heat and mass transfer in the system. For butane condensation, based on a design guideline we recently developed for lubricant infused surfaces, we successfully designed an energy-favorable combination of lubricant and structured solid substrate, which was further demonstrated to promote dropwise condensation of butane. The fundamental understanding of dropwise condensation of water and low surface tension fluids on structured surfaces developed in this study provides useful guidelines for condensation applications including power generation, desalination, dew harvesting, and thermal management.
Author :Duan, Fei Publisher :Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada ISBN 13 :9780494028421 Total Pages :368 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (284 download)
Book Synopsis Thermocapillary Convection During Evaporation [microform] by : Duan, Fei
Download or read book Thermocapillary Convection During Evaporation [microform] written by Duan, Fei and published by Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada. This book was released on 2005 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermocapillary convection was investigated in pure water (H2O) and heavy water (D2O) during steady-state evaporation. By using a moveable 25.4-mum-diameter thermocouple, temperatures were measured in the vapour and liquid phases in three dimensions close to a spherical interface for H2O and D2O and to a cylindrical interface for H 2O respectively. A method was established to demonstrate the transition to thermocapillary convection by energy transport analysis at the interface. The transition is parameterized by the Marangoni number (Ma). When Ma 100, the interface was quies-cent with a uniform temperature. Thermal conduction to the interface provides sufficient energy required for evaporation. When 100
Book Synopsis Evaporation from Air-Water Interfaces at Very Low Grashof Numbers by : Jessica de Paula Tadeu Medrado
Download or read book Evaporation from Air-Water Interfaces at Very Low Grashof Numbers written by Jessica de Paula Tadeu Medrado and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physics of air-water interface transport processes under very low mixing conditions is still poorly characterized due to the difficulty in balancing the combined heat and mass transfer mechanisms at play. Such processes are ubiquitous in lab facilities, biological systems and in a vast number of engineering applications. Correlations for mass transfer rates at very low Grashof numbers in weakly convective flows are not readily available, which often leads to incorrect estimations of evaporation rates derived from simplified 1-D models. This work investigates a number of fundamental free water-evaporation processes at very low Grashof (Gr) numbers. First, the free evaporation from a small-scale circular pool at Gr numbers under dominant downward flow is examined. Experiments performed at normal conditions of temperature and pressure (NCTP) and for a wide range of relative humidity values are described and compared to numerical simulations. A downward thermally-induced flow originated at the rim of the pool overcomes the concentration-induced buoyancy, consequently forcing the far-stream dry air to descend into the lower temperature air-water interface. Experimental results show that a somewhat stable steady-state recirculation zone near the air-water interface develops for Gr numbers greater than or equal to 50. The Sherwood number (Sh) for this geometry scales with Gr^1/4 for drier free-stream boundary conditions, while it approaches a constant value for smaller mass transfer potentials (i.e., wetter environments). A Sh number correlation as a function of Gr number is proposed, covering Gr numbers from 10 to 105. The mass transport dynamics is also analyzed for free evaporation from open tubes. The mass transport results in complex patterns due to the interaction between the vertical walls and the buoyant flow. Evaporation undergoes a multi-regime process where, depending on the driving potential, stable convective cells develop inside the tube. These convective cells enhance the evaporation rate in most circumstances. The dependence of the diffusion-driven and convection-driven regimes as functions of the geometrical aspect ratio of the tube is studied. A new Sh number correlation valid for Gr numbers ranging from 50 to 4,000 is proposed. This correlation, which is nearly invariant with temperature, expresses the relationship between the Sh and Gr numbers for varying aspect ratios.
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