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The Vertical Structure Of Turbulence Above An Urban Canopy
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Book Synopsis The Vertical Structure of Turbulence Above an Urban Canopy by : Christian Feigenwinter
Download or read book The Vertical Structure of Turbulence Above an Urban Canopy written by Christian Feigenwinter and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Basel durchgeführte Messung turbulenter Ströme von Impuls und fühlbarer Wärme.
Book Synopsis Turbulence Within and Above an Urban Canopy by : Mathias W. Rotach
Download or read book Turbulence Within and Above an Urban Canopy written by Mathias W. Rotach and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Vertical Variation of the Effects of Atmospheric Stability on Turbulence Statistics Within the Roughness Sublayer Over Real Urban Canopy by :
Download or read book Vertical Variation of the Effects of Atmospheric Stability on Turbulence Statistics Within the Roughness Sublayer Over Real Urban Canopy written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Turbulence Within and Above Real and Artificial Urban Canopies by :
Download or read book Turbulence Within and Above Real and Artificial Urban Canopies written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the turbulence characteristics of ASL flow in and through urban areas is essential to predicting dispersion in cities. Urban areas, however, alter the inherent turbulence found in the Atmospheric Surface Layer (ASL) through a variety of mechanisms. Due to the difficulty in obtaining characteristic measurements of the turbulence in actual urban areas, simplified models (usually wind tunnel models) are typically used to isolate the mechanisms affecting turbulence characteristics in and around buildings or groups of buildings. Results from these simplified models are often used to validate computational models. These models are in turn used to predict the turbulence and flow characteristics in actual urban areas that have complex geometries and topography based on a limited amount of data found in the urban area. The depth of the ASL is typically much larger than most buildings making it possible to consider urban areas as surface roughness at large scales. At large scales the urban area therefore produces a flow regime above an urban area (in the inertial sublayer and above) that is basically an ASL flow that has been modified by the presence of the urban terrain below it. It can be argued that the flow regime transitions to a bluff body flow that is influenced by the upstream ASL conditions surrounding it through the Urban Roughness Sublayer (URSL) and into the Urban Canopy (UC). In these regimes it is rational to expect that the bluff body flow characteristics (i.e. wake and recirculation regions, vortex shedding, etc.) impose scales in the flow that affect the turbulence and transfer of energy between eddies of different sizes. Thus a detailed understanding of these phenomena is, for example, necessary to accurately validate high-resolution computational models. This paper compares sonic anemometer data obtained in an actual urban area during the Joint Urban 2003 (JU03) Field Experiment with those data obtained in a simulated urban area during the Mock Urban Setting Test (MUST). JU03 was held in downtown Oklahoma City in a street canyon, while MUST was performed around an array of aligned, same-size obstacles simulating an urban area at near full scale. These experiments, both performed in a true ASL, provide an opportunity to compare turbulence and flow characteristics produced by an actual urban canyon with semi-complex geometry and those found in a simulated urban canyon with a highly simplified geometry. Local effects were found to dominate the flow in the lowest 10% of the canyon, often producing predominantly positive along-wind to vertical cospecta and large variations in the mean turbulence statistics. A complicated flow structure was found in the canyon with large mean vertical velocity components. Local phenomena were found also found to dramatically affect the energy cascade in some cases by adding energy over discrete bandwidths or altering the slope of the spectra in the high frequency range from the typical f−53 behavior of the inertial subrange.
Download or read book Urban Climates written by T. R. Oke and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-09-14 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban Climates is the first full synthesis of modern scientific and applied research on urban climates. The book begins with an outline of what constitutes an urban ecosystem. It develops a comprehensive terminology for the subject using scale and surface classification as key constructs. It explains the physical principles governing the creation of distinct urban climates, such as airflow around buildings, the heat island, precipitation modification and air pollution, and it then illustrates how this knowledge can be applied to moderate the undesirable consequences of urban development and help create more sustainable and resilient cities. With urban climate science now a fully-fledged field, this timely book fulfills the need to bring together the disparate parts of climate research on cities into a coherent framework. It is an ideal resource for students and researchers in fields such as climatology, urban hydrology, air quality, environmental engineering and urban design.
Download or read book Urbanization written by Luca N. Wagner and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urbanization refers to a process in which an increasing proportion of an entire population lives in cities and the suburbs of cities. Historically, it has been closely connected with industrialization. When more and more inanimate sources of energy were used to enhance human productivity (industrialization), surpluses increased in both agriculture and industry. Larger and larger proportions of a population could live in cities. Economic forces were such that cities became the ideal places to locate factories and their workers. This new book presents recent and significant research from around the globe.
Book Synopsis Urban Microclimate by : Evyatar Erell
Download or read book Urban Microclimate written by Evyatar Erell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-06-25 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The quality of life of millions of people living in cities could be improved if the form of the city were to evolve in a manner appropriate to its climatic context. Climatically responsive urban design is vital to any notion of sustainability: it enables individual buildings to make use of renewable energy sources for passive heating and cooling, it enhances pedestrian comfort and activity in outdoor spaces, and it may even encourage city dwellers to moderate their dependence on private vehicles. Urban Microclimate bridges the gap between climatology research and applied urban design. It provides architects and urban design professionals with an understanding of how the structure of the built environment at all scales affects microclimatic conditions in the space between buildings, and analyzes the interaction between microclimate and each of the elements of the urban landscape. In the first two sections of the book, the extensive body of work on this subject by climatologists and geographers is presented in the language of architecture and planning professionals. The third section follows each step in the design process, and in part four a critical analysis of selected case study projects provides a demonstration of the complexity of applied urban design. Practitioners will find in this book a useful guide to consult, as they address these key environmental issues in their own work.
Book Synopsis Turbulence Statistics and Coherent Structures Within and Above Plant Canopies by : Jie Qiu
Download or read book Turbulence Statistics and Coherent Structures Within and Above Plant Canopies written by Jie Qiu and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flows by : J. C. Kaimal
Download or read book Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flows written by J. C. Kaimal and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1994 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text gives a simple view of the structure of the boundary layer, the instruments available for measuring its mean and turbulent properties, how best to make the measurements, and ways to process and analyze the data.
Book Synopsis Metropolitan Sustainability by : F Zeman
Download or read book Metropolitan Sustainability written by F Zeman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-09-11 with total page 773 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global populations have grown rapidly in recent decades, leading to ever increasing demands for shelter, resources, energy and utilities. Coupled with the worldwide need to achieve lower impact buildings and conservation of resources, the need to achieve sustainability in urban environments has never been more acute. This book critically reviews the fundamental issues and applied science, engineering and technology that will enable all cities to achieve a greater level of metropolitan sustainability, and assist nations in meeting the needs of their growing urban populations. Part one introduces key issues related to metropolitan sustainability, including the use of both urban metabolism and benefit cost analysis. Part two focuses on urban land use and the environmental impact of the built environment. The urban heat island effect, redevelopment of brownfield sites and urban agriculture are discussed in depth, before part three goes on to explore urban air pollution and emissions control. Urban water resources, reuse and management are explored in part four, followed by a study of urban energy supply and management in part five. Solar, wind and bioenergy, the role of waste-to-energy systems in the urban infrastructure, and smart energy for cities are investigated. Finally, part six considers sustainable urban development, transport and planning. With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Metropolitan sustainability is an essential resource for low-impact building engineers, sustainability consultants and architects, town and city planners, local/municipal authorities, and national and non-governmental bodies, and provides a thorough overview for academics of all levels in this field. Critically reviews the fundamental issues and applied science, engineering and technology that will enable all cities to achieve a greater level of metropolitan sustainability Will assist nations in meeting the needs of their growing urban populations Chapters discuss urban land use, the environmental impact of the build environment, the urban heat island effect, urban air pollution and emissions control, among other topics
Book Synopsis Organized Turbulence Structures and Associated Transport Processes in the Lower Atmospheric Layer Within and Above a Plant Canopy by : Weigang Gao
Download or read book Organized Turbulence Structures and Associated Transport Processes in the Lower Atmospheric Layer Within and Above a Plant Canopy written by Weigang Gao and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Turbulence, Coherent Structures, Dynamical Systems and Symmetry by : Philip Holmes
Download or read book Turbulence, Coherent Structures, Dynamical Systems and Symmetry written by Philip Holmes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-02-23 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes methods revealing the structures and dynamics of turbulence for engineering, physical science and mathematics researchers working in fluid dynamics.
Download or read book Technical Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology by :
Download or read book 24th Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Environmental Fluid Dynamics, Volume One by : Harindra Joseph Fernando
Download or read book Handbook of Environmental Fluid Dynamics, Volume One written by Harindra Joseph Fernando and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-12-12 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With major implications for applied physics, engineering, and the natural and social sciences, the rapidly growing area of environmental fluid dynamics focuses on the interactions of human activities, environment, and fluid motion. A landmark for the field, the two-volume Handbook of Environmental Fluid Dynamics presents the basic principles, fundamental flow processes, modeling techniques, and measurement methods used in the study of environmental motions. It also offers critical discussions of environmental sustainability related to engineering. The handbook features 81 chapters written by 135 renowned researchers from around the world. Covering environmental, policy, biological, and chemical aspects, it tackles important cross-disciplinary topics such as sustainability, ecology, pollution, micrometeorology, and limnology. Volume One: Overview and Fundamentals provides a comprehensive overview of the basic principles. It starts with general topics that emphasize the relevance of environmental fluid dynamics research in society, public policy, infrastructure, quality of life, security, and the law. It then discusses established and emerging focus areas. The volume also examines the sub-mesoscale flow processes and phenomena that form the building blocks of environmental motions, with emphasis on turbulent motions and their role in heat, momentum, and species transport. As communities face existential challenges posed by climate change, rapid urbanization, and scarcity of water and energy, the study of environmental fluid dynamics becomes increasingly relevant. This volume is a valuable resource for students, researchers, and policymakers working to better understand the fundamentals of environmental motions and how they affect and are influenced by anthropogenic activities. See also Handbook of Environmental Fluid Dynamics, Two-Volume Set and Volume Two: Systems, Pollution, Modeling, and Measurements.
Book Synopsis Climate Change and Terrestrial Ecosystem Modeling by : Gordon Bonan
Download or read book Climate Change and Terrestrial Ecosystem Modeling written by Gordon Bonan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-21 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an essential introduction to modeling terrestrial ecosystems in Earth system models for graduate students and researchers.
Book Synopsis VERTICAL STRUCTURE OF TURBULENCE. by : H. A. Panofsky
Download or read book VERTICAL STRUCTURE OF TURBULENCE. written by H. A. Panofsky and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 1980 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
