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The Use Of Surfactant Mixtures In Removal Of Heavy Metals From Aqueous Streams Using Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration
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Book Synopsis The Use of Surfactant Mixtures in Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Streams Using Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration by : Lori Lynn Walker Brant
Download or read book The Use of Surfactant Mixtures in Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Streams Using Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration written by Lori Lynn Walker Brant and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration by : Sirshendu De
Download or read book Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration written by Sirshendu De and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-06-04 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A response to increasingly stringent regulation of pollution and toxicity levels in industrial waste discharge, Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration: Fundamentals & Applications offers the most complete book available on the benefits and use of micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) to achieve continuous removal of organic and inorganic pollutants. An Unparalleled Book That Addresses Both Academic and Industrial Points of View Several membrane-based techniques, such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis, are currently used in a wide range of applications throughout the textile, pulp and paper, sugar, chemical, pharmaceutical, biomedical, biotechnological, and food industries. However, although reverse osmosis is an effective means of removing contaminants, this book explains why MEUF is a better substitute, as it less expensive, less energy-intensive, and more efficient and practical for a wider range of applications. Topics covered include: Effects of pollution in water and its consequences Various treatment processes and membrane technologies Fundamentals of ultrafiltration Outline of various membrane modules and modeling approaches Principles of colloid chemistry Theories of micelle formation Stability and dynamics of micelles Phenomena of counterion binding Solubilization of organic pollutants Selection criteria for surfactants Various flux enhancement techniques Recovery of precious metals This book conveys how, with proper selection of surfactant and membrane, MEUF can be used to efficiently remove almost all metal ions (heavy metals, lanthanides, radioactive materials, etc.) with reasonably high efficiency and throughput. It also details the MEUF process for removal of inorganic (cations, anions, and their mixture) and organic pollutants. The authors explain how the economy of the overall process makes recovery and reuse of surfactants essential, and they address various influencing factors on the increase in throughput and the resulting operating problems. Elaborating on technologies involving precipitation and other methods, they also illustrate additional potential applications for MEUF technology.
Book Synopsis Use of Rhamnolipid to Remove Heavy Metals from Aqueous Streams Via Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration by : Mohamed Abdel Monem El Zeftawy
Download or read book Use of Rhamnolipid to Remove Heavy Metals from Aqueous Streams Via Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration written by Mohamed Abdel Monem El Zeftawy and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this research, the rhamnolipid biosurfactant was utilized in micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) of heavy metals from contaminated waters. The effects of different major operating conditions on the (MEUF) system performance were investigated for copper, zinc, nickel and cadmium using two membranes. The optimal conditions were successfully applied to treat six contaminated wastewaters from metal refining industries and three contaminated groundwaters using the two membranes (> 99% rejection ratio). To efficiently choose the most influential factors to the MEUF system, optimization by the response surface methodology approach was utilized and data quality was examined. Three studies were performed in order to investigate the mechanism and the interactions between the heavy metal ions and the rhamnolipid micelles in the rhamnolipid-based UF system. The first study successfully investigated the applicability of Gouy-Chapman approach for binding of heavy metal ions to rhamnolipid biosurfactant in the MEUF system and the mechanism via electrostatic attraction was suggested. The second study efficiently evaluated binding behavior of the four heavy metal ions individually and collectively onto the rhamnolipid. The order was Cu 2+> Cd 2+> Zn 2+> Ni 2+ .The third study analyzed the equilibrium data using Langmuir, Freundlich, and linear adsorption models. The Freundlich model fitted the data better and the K F values were from 1.3 to 6.1. In addition, solidification/stabilization (S/S) technology was successfully used to stabilize solid wastes contaminated with heavy metal. Furthermore, preliminary trials were performed to examine the recovery of the rhamnolipid from the retentates for possible reuse. The amounts recovered ranged from 12 ± 1% to 18 ± 1% of the rhamnolipid concentration initially present in the retentate. Similarly, preliminary trials to reuse water from the retentates were investigated. The total portions recovered ranged from about 81.0 ± 0.34% to 82.3 ± 0.46$% of the total feed water. This work may be used as preliminary investigations for further detailed pilot and/or large-scale studies to treat contaminated groundwater and industrial wastewater.
Book Synopsis Simultaneous Removal of Benzene and Copper from Water and Wastewater Using Micellar-enhanced Ultrafiltration by : Mohammed Ridha Zaid Ahmed
Download or read book Simultaneous Removal of Benzene and Copper from Water and Wastewater Using Micellar-enhanced Ultrafiltration written by Mohammed Ridha Zaid Ahmed and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To remove metal ions and/or organic molecules from aqueous solutions is a difficulty commonly encountered in the treatment of contaminated water. Traditional ultrafiltration is usually used to separate the high molecular weight molecules and is ineffective in removing heavy metal ions or organic molecules with small molecular weights. Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) is an effective technique to remove contaminants that traditional ultrafiltration cannot remove. Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration makes use of the micellar properties of surfactant solutions to remove dissolved ions and/or organics from aqueous streams. Chemical surfactants have proven effective. However compared to biosurfactants they are toxic and create a secondary problem since part of the surfactant monomers frequently leak through the pores of membrane filters. This study is an attempt to examine the effect of rhamnolipid biosurfactant, JBR 425, on contaminant removal from aqueous solutions. The required quantity of rhamnolipid to remove the copper ions as a heavy metal pollutant and benzene molecules as an organic pollutant separately has been determined for different concentrations of pollutants. This quantity, the molar ratio (MR), was 6.25 to obtain a 100% rejection for the copper ions and 1.33 to obtain the same rejection of benzene molecules. When copper and benzene were mixed, these molar ratios have been either improved as in benzene molar ratio which was decreased from 1.33 to 0.56 or remained the same as in copper molar ratio but in all cases rhamnolipid JBR 425 proved of excellent efficiency in the removal of contaminants and a rejection of 100% has been obtained for copper and benzene either separately or simultaneously which is the objective of this study.
Book Synopsis Micellar- and Polymer-enhanced Ultrafiltration for Heavy Metal and Sulfate Removal from Aqueous Solutions by : Weiyun Lin
Download or read book Micellar- and Polymer-enhanced Ultrafiltration for Heavy Metal and Sulfate Removal from Aqueous Solutions written by Weiyun Lin and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) and polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration (PEUF) show potential as promising techniques to remove dissolved ions from wastewater, but they remain inadequately understood. In this thesis, the MEUF removal of copper, nickel, and cobalt ions from aqueous solutions was investigated. The effect of surfactant-to-metal (S/M) ratio and pH on MEUF performance (i.e., metal rejection rate and permeate flux) were examined to obtain the preferred operational conditions. A resampling-based artificial neural network (ANN) modeling was proposed as a promising tool to predict the MEUF performance and to reveal the importance of process parameters. The model-predicted values showed good agreement with experimental data (R2 > 0.99). S/M ratio and pH had relatively greater contributions to the system performance, whereas sampling time contributed less. A high MEUF efficiency (Rejection > 99%) was achieved. To optimize the system performance and to observe the interactions among operational parameters, the statistical-based response surface methodology (RSM) was used to overcome the drawbacks of the commonly used one-factor-at-a-time method. The thesis is the first study to use an RSM method based on a Box-Behnken design to examine nickel ion removal in a MEUF system while combine with an ANN model. The generated RSM models described the relationship between each performance indicator (nickel rejection rate or permeate flux) and process variables (transmembrane pressure, feed nickel concentration, feed surfactant concentration, and membrane molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of the membrane). Both RSM and ANN methods adequately described the performance indicators within the examined ranges of the process variables. Next, the thesis targets on sulfate ions, a dissolved anion of increasing concern but not tackled in the MEUF/PEUF field. The thesis is the first study to use MEUF and PEUF to remove sulfate ions as the target component from aqueous solutions. It is also the first to examine the adsorption mechanism of sulfate to surfactant/polymer in such systems. Both MEUF and PEUF were found technically viable to remove sulfate from aqueous streams, with the highest rejection rate (Rejection > 99%) found in dilute sulfate solutions. Further, adsorption equilibrium and kinetics studies show that Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetics can describe the adsorption process. This thesis adds knowledge to the existing MEUF/PEUF techniques by improving system operation, conducting system optimization, and exploring new components (i.e., sulfate ions) that can be removed. It also provides treatment information and potentially facilitates reservoir souring control and mining wastewater treatment.
Book Synopsis Surfactant - Based Separation Processes by : John F. Scamehorn
Download or read book Surfactant - Based Separation Processes written by John F. Scamehorn and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complete with bibliographic citations and illustrations, this volume focuses on novel techniques and reviews established methods for surfactant-based separation processes that can be widely applied in industry. Describes new extraction techniques, and introduces micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration and admicellar chromatography, discusses protein extraction using reverse micelles, surfactant-enhanced carbon regeneration, and demonstrates new methods of turning waste streams containing dilute concentrations of valuable materials into product streams and examines such traditional surfactant-based methods as froth flotation and foam fractionation.
Book Synopsis The Use of Micellar-enhanced Ultrafiltration to Remove Dissolved Organics and Multivalent Transition Metal Cations from Aqueous Streams by : Robert Ovington Dunn
Download or read book The Use of Micellar-enhanced Ultrafiltration to Remove Dissolved Organics and Multivalent Transition Metal Cations from Aqueous Streams written by Robert Ovington Dunn and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Use of Micellar-enhanced Ultrafiltration and Ligand-modified Micellar-enhanced Ultrafiltration Processes to Remove Dissolved Metals and Organic Solutes from Aqueous Streams by : Bita Fillipi
Download or read book Use of Micellar-enhanced Ultrafiltration and Ligand-modified Micellar-enhanced Ultrafiltration Processes to Remove Dissolved Metals and Organic Solutes from Aqueous Streams written by Bita Fillipi and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Textiles and Clothing by : Mohd Shabbir
Download or read book Textiles and Clothing written by Mohd Shabbir and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-07-16 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greater emphasis needs to be placed on research into eco-friendly processes particularly suited for the textile industry. With this goal in mind, all environmental aspects relating to the textile and clothing industry are discussed in this book. Included in the 11 informative chapters herein are topics covering the correlation between the environment and the processing and utilization of textiles and clothing. Chapter 1 discusses the direct impact that the textile industry has on the environment. The hazardous environmental consequences that synthetic dyes used to color textiles have on the environment are highlighted in Chapter 2. Greener alternatives to dyeing are discussed in Chapters 3 through 5, and eco-friendly ways of finishing textiles are discussed in Chapters 6 and 7. Finally, solutions to address the environmental hazards associated with the textile industry are presented in Chapters 8 through 11.
Book Synopsis Use of Ligand-modified Micellar-enhanced Ultrafiltration to Selectively Separate Copper Ions from Wastewater Streams by :
Download or read book Use of Ligand-modified Micellar-enhanced Ultrafiltration to Selectively Separate Copper Ions from Wastewater Streams written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The selective removal of target ions from an aqueous solution containing ions of like charge by ligand-modified micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (LM-MEUF), is presented. In LM-MEUF, surfactant and specially tailored ligand are added to the contaminated stream. The surfactant forms aggregates called micelles, the hydrocarbon core of which the ligand complexed with the target species will solubilize. The surfactant is chosen to have the same charge type as the target ion; therefore, other ions (with similar charge) will not associate with the micelle, which makes the separation of the target ion selective. The solution is then processed by ultrafiltration, using a membrane with pore size small enough to block the passage of the micelles. In this study the divalent copper is the target ion in the solution containing divalent calcium. The surfactant is cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and the ligand is 4-hexadecyloxybenzyliminodiacetic acid (C[sub 16]BIDA). Experiments were conducted with batch stirred cells and the results have been compared to separation that take place under a variety of conditions in the LM-MEUF process. Rejections of copper of up to 99.8% are observed, with almost no rejection of calcium, showing that LM-MEUF has excellent selectivity and separation efficiency.
Book Synopsis Surfactant-based Ultrafiltration of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Streams by : Yi-Chu Huang
Download or read book Surfactant-based Ultrafiltration of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Streams written by Yi-Chu Huang and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Wastewaters from metal finishing facilities often contain a variety of toxic substances in dilute solution. Surfactant-based ultrafiltration (UF), which combines the high flux of UF with the high selctivity of surfactants, is applied to separate dissolved heavy metals from simulated and real wastewaters using natural surfactants such as derivatives of cholesterol and lecithins. The underlying principle is to increase the size of target metal ions by fixing them to larger surfactant macromolecules so they can be retained by a compatible membrane."--leaf iii.
Book Synopsis Removal of N-alcohols from an Aqueous Stream Using Micellar-enhanced Ultrafiltration by : Lesley Lane Gibbs
Download or read book Removal of N-alcohols from an Aqueous Stream Using Micellar-enhanced Ultrafiltration written by Lesley Lane Gibbs and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Green Materials for Energy, Products and Depollution by : Eric Lichtfouse
Download or read book Green Materials for Energy, Products and Depollution written by Eric Lichtfouse and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-17 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using renewable fuels and materials, drinking clean water and food, and breathing safe air are major issues for a sustainable world. This book reviews biodiesel production from microalgae, a promising energy source that does not compete with food production. Several advanced techniques to clean polluted waters, such as electrochemistry, ferrites photocatalysis and low-cost filtration are presented. Chapters also show various living organisms used as bioindicators of toxic metals. Decreasing ecotoxicity of pesticides using suitable surfactants is reviewed. The last chapter evidences new pollutants in urban soils, halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Book Synopsis Edible Fats and Oils Processing by : David R. Erickson
Download or read book Edible Fats and Oils Processing written by David R. Erickson and published by The American Oil Chemists Society. This book was released on 1990 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Master's Theses Directories written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Role of Colloidal Systems in Environmental Protection by : Monzer Fanun
Download or read book The Role of Colloidal Systems in Environmental Protection written by Monzer Fanun and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-02-08 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Role of Colloidal Systems in Environmental Protection describes the importance of colloids in many applications that contribute to environmental protection, including drinking water and wastewater treatment, heavy metal remediation, treatment of radioactive materials, corrosion, and energy conversion. Knowledge of the physical and chemical composition of colloids is important to understand and accurately model the relevant processes. The book familiarizes the reader with the technological features of the application of colloids in environmental protection, and provides chemical engineers, researchers, and scientists in academic and corporate communities with the latest developments in this field. Each chapter covers the whole spectrum of the relevant science, from the fundamentals to applications. Provides the applied technological features of colloids in environmental protection Gives insight into the use of bio-solid colloids as contaminant carriers Covers the natural occurrence of biosurfactants in the environment and their applications Provides information on the use of nanoparticles for environmental applications Chapters written by recognized and respected experts in the field from all over the world
Book Synopsis Membrane-Based Separations in Metallurgy by : Lan Ying Jiang
Download or read book Membrane-Based Separations in Metallurgy written by Lan Ying Jiang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-02-26 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane-Based Separation in Metallurgy: Principles and Applications begins with basic coverage of the basic principles of the topic and then explains how membrane technology helps in the development of new environmentally friendly and sustainable metallurgical processes. The book features the principles of metallurgical process and how widely the membrane-based technology has been applied in metallurgical industry, including the basic principles of membrane-based separation in terms of material science, membrane structure engineering, transport mechanisms, and module design, detailed metallurgical process flowcharts with emphasis on membrane separations, current process designs, and describes problems and provides possible solutions. In addition, the book includes specific membrane applications, molecular design of materials, fine tuning of membrane’s multi-scale structure, module selection and process design, along with a final analysis of the environmental and economic benefits achieved by using these new processes. Outlines membrane separation processes and their use in the field of metallurgy Includes case studies and examples of various processes Describes individual unit operations and sectors of extractive metallurgy in a clear and thorough presentation for students and engineers Provides a quick reference to wastewater treatment using membrane technology in the metallurgical industry Outlines the design of flowsheets, a topic that is not covered in academic studies, but is necessary for the design of working process Provides examples and analysis of the economic implications and environmental and social impacts
