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The Use And Impact Of Crash Type And Vehicle Damage On Intersection Crash Severity Rankings
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Book Synopsis The Use and Impact of Crash Type and Vehicle Damage on Intersection Crash Severity Rankings by : John R. Campbell
Download or read book The Use and Impact of Crash Type and Vehicle Damage on Intersection Crash Severity Rankings written by John R. Campbell and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book General Estimates System written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Preliminary Analysis of the National Crash Severity Study by : United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Download or read book Preliminary Analysis of the National Crash Severity Study written by United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigates the fatalities on the National Crash Severity Study (NCSS) of towaway, passenger car accidents. The analysis is in three stages. First, NCSS fatalities are compared to the fatally-injured occupants reported on the Fatal Accident Reporting System (FARS), as a tool for evaluating the representativeness of the NCSS data. Second, estimates of the probability of fatality for NCSS are computed for various conditions, such as the incidence of fire and the sex of the occupant. Third, in cases where two factors are highly correlated, such as is the case for rollover and ejection, modeling techniques are used to help quantify the effects of each variable. The results of this study suggest the following preliminary conclusions: (1) FARS and NCSS have similar distributions of many variables. These include urbanization, size of vehicles, type damage to vehicle, occupant seating location, sex, and restraint use. Differences resulting from the investigative methods and geographical areas of the two studies are identified and assessed. (2) On the NCSS file, many variables are associated with a much higher rate of fatality. These include (a) at the accident level: the number of vehicles involved, urbanization, and the incidence of fire or explosion; (b) at the vehicle level: the change of velocity at impact, the direction of the impacting force, and vehicle damage area; and (c) at the occupant level: seating position, age, sex, ejection, entrapment, and restraint use. (3) Rollover and ejection, which often occur together, are each independently associated with a higher rate of fatality. Of the two factors, ejection appears more related to a higher probability of fatality than does rollover alone. NCSS is the best currently-available source of accident data for analyzing injury-related factors. This report attempts to describe the accidents occurring in the NCSS sampling areas, and suggest ideas for further research.
Download or read book General Estimates System 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents estimates of selected national characteristics about the estimated 6,462,000 police-reported motor vehicle traffic crashes that occurred in the United States in 1990. While the data presented are not intended to be an exhaustive look at every aspect of crashes, they are an overview of many of the factors involved in the Nation's crashes.
Book Synopsis Restraint Usage and Effectiveness on the National Crash Severity Study by : Susan C. Partyka
Download or read book Restraint Usage and Effectiveness on the National Crash Severity Study written by Susan C. Partyka and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Comprehensive Severity Analysis of Large Vehicle Crashes by : Haluk Laman
Download or read book A Comprehensive Severity Analysis of Large Vehicle Crashes written by Haluk Laman and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant differences with respect to various risk factors including driver, vehicle, environmental, road geometry and traffic characteristics were found to exist between those crash types and models. For example, driving under the influence of Alcohol (DUI) has positive effect on the severity of PV vs. PV and LV vs. PV while it has no effect on LV vs. LV. As a result, 4 of the variables found to be significant were similar in all three models (although often with quite different impact) and there were 11 variables that significantly influenced crash injury severity in PV vs. PV crashes, and 9 variables that significantly influenced crash injury severity in LV vs. PV crashes. Based on the significant variables, maximum posted speed, number of vehicles involved, and intersections are among the factors that have major impact on injury severity. These results could be used to identify potential countermeasures to reduce crash severity in general, and for LVs in particular. For example, restricting the speed limits and enforcing it for large vehicles could be a suggested countermeasure based on this study.
Book Synopsis Traffic Safety Facts 2000: a Compilation of Motor Vehicle Crash Data from the Fatal Accident Reporting System and the General Estimates System by :
Download or read book Traffic Safety Facts 2000: a Compilation of Motor Vehicle Crash Data from the Fatal Accident Reporting System and the General Estimates System written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis General Estimates System 1989. A Review of Information on Police-reported Traffic Crashes in the United States by :
Download or read book General Estimates System 1989. A Review of Information on Police-reported Traffic Crashes in the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Safety Data, Analysis, and Evaluation by :
Download or read book Safety Data, Analysis, and Evaluation written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "TRB?s Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2514, explores 19 papers related to safety data, analysis, and evaluation in the transportation sector, including: Exploring Driver Error at Intersections: Key Contributors and Solutions; Level of Service of Safety Revisited; Longitudinal Analysis of Rural Interstate Fatalities in Relation to Speed Limit Policies; Predicting Crashes on Expressway Ramps with Real-Time Traffic and Weather Data; Multilevel Logistic Regression Modeling for Crash Mapping in Metropolitan Areas; Simulated Traffic Conflicts: Do They Accurately Represent Field-Measured Conflicts?; Assessing Safety Improvements to Pedestrian Crossings Using Automated Conflict Analysis; Understanding Factors Affecting Frequency of Traffic Conflicts Between Electric Bicycles and Motorized Vehicles at Signalized Intersections; Comparative Analysis of Injury Severity Resulting from Pedestrian?Motor Vehicle and Bicycle?Motor Vehicle Crashes on Roadways in Alabama; Validation of Crash Modification Factors Derived from Cross-Sectional Studies with Regression Models; Fault Determination for Crashes in Vermont: Implications of Distance from Home; Crash Patterns at Signalized Intersections; Analyses of Multiyear Statewide Secondary Crash Data and Automatic Crash Report Reviewing; Assessment of Pedestrian Risk at Crossings with Kinematic?Probabilistic Model; Predicting Driver Injury Severity in Single-Vehicle and Two-Vehicle Crashes with Boosted Regression Trees; Effects of Geodemographic Profiles of Drivers on Their Injury Severity from Traffic Crashes Using Multilevel Mixed-Effects Ordered Logit Model; Copula-Based Joint Model of Injury Severity and Vehicle Damage in Two-Vehicle Crashes; Identifying Optimal High-Risk Driver Segments for Safety Messaging: Geodemographic Modeling Approach; Evaluation of Signalized-Intersection Crash Screening Methods Based on Distance from Intersection."--Publisher's description.
Book Synopsis Highway Safety by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Highway Safety written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Kenneth L. Campbell, Arthur C. Wolfe, Daniel F. Blower, Patricia F. Waller, Dawn L. Massie, Stephen A. Ridella Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :94 pages Book Rating :4.L/5 (8 download)
Book Synopsis ACCIDENT DATA ANALYSIS ANALYSIS IN SUPPORT OF COLLISION AVOIDANCE TECHNOLOGIES by : Kenneth L. Campbell, Arthur C. Wolfe, Daniel F. Blower, Patricia F. Waller, Dawn L. Massie, Stephen A. Ridella
Download or read book ACCIDENT DATA ANALYSIS ANALYSIS IN SUPPORT OF COLLISION AVOIDANCE TECHNOLOGIES written by Kenneth L. Campbell, Arthur C. Wolfe, Daniel F. Blower, Patricia F. Waller, Dawn L. Massie, Stephen A. Ridella and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Novel Approach to Modeling and Predicting Crash Frequency at Rural Intersections by Crash Type and Injury Severity Level by : Jun Deng (Writer on transportation)
Download or read book A Novel Approach to Modeling and Predicting Crash Frequency at Rural Intersections by Crash Type and Injury Severity Level written by Jun Deng (Writer on transportation) and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety at intersections is of significant interest to transportation professionals due to the large number of possible conflicts that occur at those locations. In particular, rural intersections have been recognized as one of the most hazardous locations on roads. However, most models of crash frequency at rural intersections, and road segments in general, do not differentiate between crash type (such as angle, rear-end or sideswipe) and injury severity (such as fatal injury, non-fatal injury, possible injury or property damage only). Thus, there is a need to be able to identify the differential impacts of intersection-specific and other variables on crash types and severity levels. This thesis builds upon the work of Bhat et al., (2013b) to formulate and apply a novel approach for the joint modeling of crash frequency and combinations of crash type and injury severity. The proposed framework explicitly links a count data model (to model crash frequency) with a discrete choice model (to model combinations of crash type and injury severity), and uses a multinomial probit kernel for the discrete choice model and introduces unobserved heterogeneity in both the crash frequency model and the discrete choice model, while also accommodates excess of zeros. The results show that the type of traffic control and the number of entering roads are the most important determinants of crash counts and crash type/injury severity, and the results from our analysis underscore the value of our proposed model for data fit purposes as well as to accurately estimate variable effects.
Book Synopsis Vehicle Crash Mechanics by : Matthew Huang
Download or read book Vehicle Crash Mechanics written by Matthew Huang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-06-19 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Governed by strict regulations and the intricate balance of complex interactions among variables, the application of mechanics to vehicle crashworthiness is not a simple task. It demands a solid understanding of the fundamentals, careful analysis, and practical knowledge of the tools and techniques of that analysis. Vehicle Crash Mechanics s
Book Synopsis Empirical Crash Injury Modeling and Vehicle-size Mix. Technical Report by : William Lee Carlson
Download or read book Empirical Crash Injury Modeling and Vehicle-size Mix. Technical Report written by William Lee Carlson and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Methodology for the Identification of Safety Improvement Candidate Intersections by : Luis Laracuente
Download or read book A Methodology for the Identification of Safety Improvement Candidate Intersections written by Luis Laracuente and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Driver Demographics, Built Environment, and Car Crashes by : Dongkwan Lee
Download or read book Driver Demographics, Built Environment, and Car Crashes written by Dongkwan Lee and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigates the effects of the surrounding environment on crashes, with a focus on crash severity and at-fault drivers characterized by gender and age. Crashes where a vehicle is the guilty party are investigated. The study adopts two approaches: aggregate and disaggregate. In the aggregate approach, the numbers of crashes, classified in terms of severity (fatalities, injuries, property damages only), and gender and age of the driver (with several age groups covering the 15-100 age span), represent the variables to be investigated, and have been derived for the Central Ohio Region from the multiple files of the crash database of the Ohio Department of Public Safety, over the period 2006-2011. These data are aggregated at the level of Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZ). OLS models are first estimated, but spatial autocorrelation tests point the existence of spatial autocorrelation (SA). Spatial econometrics models are then used to eliminate the SA bias: the Spatial Autoregressive Model (SAR) and the Spatial Error Model (SEM). Subsequent analyses are conducted using the SEM estimates, as the SEM model is successful in completely eliminating spatial autocorrelation. The aggregate approach uses a large set of explanatory variables classified into six groups: Regional and Locational, Socio-Economic, Land-Use, Public Transit and Traffic Flow, Circulation and Network, and Physical Characteristics. The results show that variables in all these groups have significant impacts on crash severity and frequencies. The disaggregate approach accounts for more variables that influence crash severity, but cannot be captured in the aggregate approach, such as weather conditions, light conditions, road conditions, type of intersection, and type of vehicle. All these variables are directly related to an individual crash. The logit model is used to explain the probability of a Bodily Injury (BI) crash at the crash scene, where the alternative is Property Damage Only (PDO) crash. Because the age of the at-fault driver is a continuous independent variable, it is possible to precisely assess the impact of age, for both male and female drivers. The results of the logit model estimation show that there is a significant relationship between the probability of a BI crash and drivers' behavior, built environment, driving conditions, and driving situation.
Book Synopsis Highway and Traffic Safety by : National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board
Download or read book Highway and Traffic Safety written by National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transportation Research Record contains the following papers: Method for identifying factors contributing to driver-injury severity in traffic crashes (Chen, WH and Jovanis, PP); Crash- and injury-outcome multipliers (Kim, K); Guidelines for identification of hazardous highway curves (Persaud, B, Retting, RA and Lyon, C); Tools to identify safety issues for a corridor safety-improvement program (Breyer, JP); Prediction of risk of wet-pavement accidents : fuzzy logic model (Xiao, J, Kulakowski, BT and El-Gindy, M); Analysis of accident-reduction factors on California state highways (Hanley, KE, Gibby, AR and Ferrara, T); Injury effects of rollovers and events sequence in single-vehicle crashes (Krull, KA, Khattack, AJ and Council, FM); Analytical modeling of driver-guidance schemes with flow variability considerations (Kaysi, I and Ail, NH); Evaluating the effectiveness of Norway's speak out! road safety campaign : The logic of causal inference in road safety evaluation studies (Elvik, R); Effect of speed, flow, and geometric characteristics on crash frequency for two-lane highways (Garber, NJ and Ehrhart, AA); Development of a relational accident database management system for Mexican federal roads (Mendoza, A, Uribe, A, Gil, GZ and Mayoral, E); Estimating traffic accident rates while accounting for traffic-volume estimation error : a Gibbs sampling approach (Davis, GA); Accident prediction models with and without trend : application of the generalized estimating equations procedure (Lord, D and Persaud, BN); Examination of methods that adjust observed traffic volumes on a network (Kikuchi, S, Miljkovic, D and van Zuylen, HJ); Day-to-day travel-time trends and travel-time prediction form loop-detector data (Kwon, JK, Coifman, B and Bickel, P); Heuristic vehicle classification using inductive signatures on freeways (Sun, C and Ritchie, SG).
