The United States And Biological Warfare

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The United States and Biological Warfare

Author : Stephen Endicott
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780253334725
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (347 download)

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Book Synopsis The United States and Biological Warfare by : Stephen Endicott

Download or read book The United States and Biological Warfare written by Stephen Endicott and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 1998-11-22 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States and Biological Warfare] is a major contribution to our understanding of the past involvement by the US and Japanese governments with BW, with important, crucial implications for the future.... Pieces of this story, including the Korean War allegations, have been told before, but never so authoritatively, and with such a convincing foundation in historical research.... This is a brave and significant scholarly contribution on a matter of great importance to the future of humanity. --Richard Falk, Albert G. Milbank Professor of International Law and Practice, Princeton University The United States and Biological Warfare argues persuasively that the United States experimented with and deployed biological weapons during the Korean War. Endicott and Hagerman explore the political and moral dimensions of this issue, asking what restraints were applied or forgotten in those years of ideological and political passion and military crisis. For the first time, there is hard evidence that the United States lied both to Congress and the American public in saying that the American biological warfare program was purely defensive and for retaliation only. The truth is that a large and sophisticated biological weapons system was developed as an offensive weapon of opportunity in the post-World War II years. From newly declassified American, Canadian, and British documents, and with the cooperation of the Chinese Central Archives in giving the authors the first access by foreigners to relevant classified documents, Endicott and Hagerman have been able to tell the previously hidden story of the extension of the limits of modern war to include the use of medical science, the most morally laden of sciences with respect to the sanctity of human life. They show how the germ warfare program developed collaboratively by Great Britain, Canada, and the United States during the Second World War, together with information gathered from the Japanese at the end of World War II about their biological warfare technology, was incorporated into an ongoing development program in the United States. Startling evidence from both Chinese and American sources is presented to make the case. An important book for anyone interested in the history and morality of modern warfare.

Toxicologic Assessment of the Army's Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Dispersion Tests

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309174783
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Toxicologic Assessment of the Army's Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Dispersion Tests by : National Research Council

Download or read book Toxicologic Assessment of the Army's Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Dispersion Tests written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-05-30 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1950s and 1960s, the U.S. Army conducted atmospheric dispersion tests in many American cities using fluorescent particles of zinc cadmium sulfide (ZnCdS) to develop and verify meteorological models to estimate the dispersal of aerosols. Upon learning of the tests, many citizens and some public health officials in the affected cities raised concerns about the health consequences of the tests. This book assesses the public health effects of the Army's tests, including the toxicity of ZnCdS, the toxicity of surrogate cadmium compounds, the environmental fate of ZnCdS, the extent of public exposures from the dispersion tests, and the risks of such exposures.

A Short History of Biological Warfare

Author : W. Seth Carus
Publisher : Government Printing Office
ISBN 13 : 9780160941481
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (414 download)

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Book Synopsis A Short History of Biological Warfare by : W. Seth Carus

Download or read book A Short History of Biological Warfare written by W. Seth Carus and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2017-08-03 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication gives a history of biological warfare (BW) from the prehistoric period through the present, with a section on the future of BW. The publication relies on works by historians who used primary sources dealing with BW. In-depth definitions of biological agents, biological weapons, and biological warfare (BW) are included, as well as an appendix of further reading on the subject. Related items: Arms & Weapons publications can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/arms-weapons Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT & CBRNE) publications can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/hazardous-materials-hazmat-cbrne

Germs

Author : Judith Miller
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1439128154
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis Germs by : Judith Miller

Download or read book Germs written by Judith Miller and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2012-02-01 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the wake of the anthrax letters following the attacks on the World Trade Center, Americans have begun to grapple with two difficult truths: that there is no terrorist threat more horrifying -- and less understood -- than germ warfare, and that it would take very little to mount a devastating attack on American soil. In Germs, three veteran reporters draw on top sources inside and outside the U.S. government to lay bare Washington's secret strategies for combating this deadly threat. Featuring an inside look at how germ warfare has been waged throughout history and what form its future might take (and in whose hands), Germs reads like a gripping detective story told by fascinating key figures: American and Soviet medical specialists who once made germ weapons but now fight their spread, FBI agents who track Islamic radicals, the Iraqis who built Saddam Hussein's secret arsenal, spies who travel the world collecting lethal microbes, and scientists who see ominous developments on the horizon. With clear scientific explanations and harrowing insights, Germs is a masterfully written -- and timely -- work of investigative journalism.

Living Weapons

Author : Gregory D. Koblentz
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801457661
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Living Weapons by : Gregory D. Koblentz

Download or read book Living Weapons written by Gregory D. Koblentz and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-16 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Biological weapons are widely feared, yet rarely used. Biological weapons were the first weapon prohibited by an international treaty, yet the proliferation of these weapons increased after they were banned in 1972. Biological weapons are frequently called 'the poor man's atomic bomb,' yet they cannot provide the same deterrent capability as nuclear weapons. One of my goals in this book is to explain the underlying principles of these apparent paradoxes."—from Living Weapons Biological weapons are the least well understood of the so-called weapons of mass destruction. Unlike nuclear and chemical weapons, biological weapons are composed of, or derived from, living organisms. In Living Weapons, Gregory D. Koblentz provides a comprehensive analysis of the unique challenges that biological weapons pose for international security. At a time when the United States enjoys overwhelming conventional military superiority, biological weapons have emerged as an attractive means for less powerful states and terrorist groups to wage asymmetric warfare. Koblentz also warns that advances in the life sciences have the potential to heighten the lethality and variety of biological weapons. The considerable overlap between the equipment, materials and knowledge required to develop biological weapons, conduct civilian biomedical research, and develop biological defenses creates a multiuse dilemma that limits the effectiveness of verification, hinders civilian oversight, and complicates threat assessments. Living Weapons draws on the American, Soviet, Russian, South African, and Iraqi biological weapons programs to enhance our understanding of the special challenges posed by these weapons for arms control, deterrence, civilian-military relations, and intelligence. Koblentz also examines the aspirations of terrorist groups to develop these weapons and the obstacles they have faced. Biological weapons, Koblentz argues, will continue to threaten international security until defenses against such weapons are improved, governments can reliably detect biological weapon activities, the proliferation of materials and expertise is limited, and international norms against the possession and use of biological weapons are strengthened.

Terrorism, War, or Disease?

Author : Anne Clunan
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804779813
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Terrorism, War, or Disease? by : Anne Clunan

Download or read book Terrorism, War, or Disease? written by Anne Clunan and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2008-05-30 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of biological warfare (BW) agents by states or terrorists is one of the world's most frightening security threats but, thus far, little attention has been devoted to understanding how to improve policies and procedures to identify and attribute BW events. Terrorism, War, or Disease? is the first book to examine the complex political, military, legal, and scientific challenges involved in determining when BW have been used and who has used them. Through detailed analysis of the most significant and controversial allegations of BW use from the Second World War to the present, internationally recognized experts assess past attempts at attribution of unusual biological events and draw lessons to improve our ability to counter these deadly silent killers. This volume presents the most comprehensive analysis of actual and alleged BW use, and provides an up-to-date evaluation of law enforcement, forensic epidemiology, and arms control measures available to policymakers to investigate and attribute suspected attacks.

Plague Wars

Author : Tom Mangold
Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 9780312263799
Total Pages : 516 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (637 download)

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Book Synopsis Plague Wars by : Tom Mangold

Download or read book Plague Wars written by Tom Mangold and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2001-04-17 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winter 2001

Baseless

Author : Nicholson Baker
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0735215774
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis Baseless by : Nicholson Baker

Download or read book Baseless written by Nicholson Baker and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2020-07-21 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Staggeringly good.” —Counterpunch A major new work, a hybrid of history, journalism, and memoir, about the modern Freedom of Information Act—FOIA—and the horrifying, decades-old government misdeeds that it is unable to demystify, from one of America's most celebrated writers Eight years ago, while investigating the possibility that the United States had used biological weapons in the Korean War, Nicholson Baker requested a series of Air Force documents from the early 1950s under the provisions of the Freedom of Information Act. Years went by, and he got no response. Rather than wait forever, Baker set out to keep a personal journal of what it feels like to try to write about major historical events in a world of pervasive redactions, witheld records, and glacially slow governmental responses. The result is one of the most original and daring works of nonfiction in recent memory, a singular and mesmerizing narrative that tunnels into the history of some of the darkest and most shameful plans and projects of the CIA, the Air Force, and the presidencies of Harry Truman and Dwight Eisenhower. In his lucid and unassuming style, Baker assembles what he learns, piece by piece, about Project Baseless, a crash Pentagon program begun in the early fifties that aimed to achieve "an Air Force-wide combat capability in biological and chemical warfare at the earliest possible date." Along the way, he unearths stories of balloons carrying crop disease, leaflet bombs filled with feathers, suicidal scientists, leaky centrifuges, paranoid political-warfare tacticians, insane experiments on animals and humans, weaponized ticks, ferocious propaganda battles with China, and cover and deception plans meant to trick the Kremlin into ramping up its germ-warfare program. At the same time, Baker tells the stories of the heroic journalists and lawyers who have devoted their energies to wresting documentary evidence from government repositories, and he shares anecdotes from his daily life in Maine feeding his dogs and watching the morning light gather on the horizon. The result is an astonishing and utterly disarming story about waiting, bureaucracy, the horrors of war, and, above all, the cruel secrets that the United States government seems determined to keep forever from its citizens.

The Biology of Doom

Author : Ed Regis
Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 9780805057652
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (576 download)

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Book Synopsis The Biology of Doom by : Ed Regis

Download or read book The Biology of Doom written by Ed Regis and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2000-10 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From anthrax to botulism, from smallpox to Ebola, the threat of biological destruction is rapidly overtaking our collective fear of atomic weaponry. This riveting narrative traces America's own covert biological weapons program from its origins in World War II to its abrupt cancellation in 1969. In light of America's increasing surveillance and condemnation of foreign biological weapons programs, this expos of America's own dangerous Cold War secret is both fascinating and shocking. The project, at its peak, employed 5,000 people and tested pathogens on 2,000 live human volunteers; conducted open-air tests on American soil; sprayed our cities with bacterial aerosols; and stockpiled millions of bacterial bombs for instant deployment. Yet, surprisingly, almost nothing has been published about this project until now. This is the first book to expose the true story of America's secret program to create biological weapons of mass destruction.

Chemical and Biological Warfare

Author : Eric Croddy
Publisher : Scarecrow Press
ISBN 13 : 9780810832718
Total Pages : 478 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical and Biological Warfare by : Eric Croddy

Download or read book Chemical and Biological Warfare written by Eric Croddy and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers the history of this form of warfare, information on chemical agents themselves, as well as regulation, controls, and disposal policies. Scientific research on CBW, extending as far back as 1940 is organized under categories of CBW agents and their corresponding subheadings.

Chemical and Biological Warfare

Author : Eric Croddy
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461300258
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical and Biological Warfare by : Eric Croddy

Download or read book Chemical and Biological Warfare written by Eric Croddy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The armaments of chemical and biological warfare (CBW) are now widely held not just by nation-states, but by terrorist and criminal enterprises. The weapons themselves are relatively inexpensive and very easy to hide, allowing organizations of just a few dozen people to deploy potentially devastating attacks. While in the twentieth century most arms-control efforts focused, rightly, on nuclear arsenals, in the twenty-first century CBW will almost certainly require just as much attention. This book defines the basics of CBW for the concerned citizen, including non-alarmist scientific descriptions of the weapons and their antidotes, methods of deployment and defensive response, and the likelihood in the current global political climate of additional proliferation.

Chemical-biological Warfare: U.S. Policies and International Effects

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on National Security Policy and Scientific Developments
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 538 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical-biological Warfare: U.S. Policies and International Effects by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on National Security Policy and Scientific Developments

Download or read book Chemical-biological Warfare: U.S. Policies and International Effects written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on National Security Policy and Scientific Developments and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Soviet Biological Weapons Program

Author : Milton Leitenberg
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674065263
Total Pages : 956 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Soviet Biological Weapons Program by : Milton Leitenberg

Download or read book The Soviet Biological Weapons Program written by Milton Leitenberg and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 956 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first attempt to understand the full scope of the USSR’s offensive biological weapons research, from inception in the 1920s. Gorbachev tried to end the program, but the U.S. and U.K. never obtained clear evidence that he succeeded, raising the question whether the means for waging biological warfare could be present in Russia today.

Biological Weapons

Author : Jeanne Guillemin
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231129432
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Weapons by : Jeanne Guillemin

Download or read book Biological Weapons written by Jeanne Guillemin and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A timely account of how resources for biological weapons programs were mobilized and why such weapons have never been deployed in major conflicts offers an understanding of the relevance of the historical restraints placed on the use of biological weapons and looks at what can to done to prevent their proliferation in the post-September 11th world.

Biological Weapons

Author : Joshua Lederberg
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262621281
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (212 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Weapons by : Joshua Lederberg

Download or read book Biological Weapons written by Joshua Lederberg and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: foreword by William S. Cohen, U.S. Secretary of Defense Biological weapons pose a horrifying and growing threat to the United States and to the world in general. Revelations about Iraq's weapons research and the plans of the Aum Shinrikyo cult in Japan serve as frightening reminders of the potential for military or terrorist use of biological agents. The essays in this book, many of which were originally published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, examine the medical, scientific, and political dimensions of limiting the threat posed by biological weapons. The contributors consider the current threat posed by biological weapons, the history of attempts to control them, episodes in which biological agents have been used, Iraq's biological warfare program, and policies that the United States might pursue to reduce the threat. Contributors Suzanne Barth, Pamela Berkowsky, Kristin A. Birkness, Stephen Black, W. Russell Byrne, W. Seth Carus, Marie Chevrier, George W. Christopher, Theodore J. Cieslak, Richard Danzig, Edward M. Eitzen, Jr., Charles C. Engel, James R. Ferguson, Laurence R. Foster, David R. Franz, Arthur M. Friedlander, Carol S. Fullerton, Jeanne Guillemin, Charles E. Haley, Harry C. Holloway, David L. Hoover, John M. Horan, Martin Hugh-Jones, Peter B. Jahrling, Robert P. Kadlec, Akiko Kimura, Shellie A. Kolavic, Alexander Langmuir, John R. Livengood, Karl Lowe, Steven Mauvais, David J. McClain, Matthew Meselson, Ann E. Norwood, Julie A. Pavlin, Graham S. Pearson, Ilona Popova, Alexis Shelokov, Jeffrey D. Simon, Shauna L. Simons, Michael R. Skeels, Laurence Slutsker, Robert Sokolow, Robert V. Tauxe, Thomas J. Török, Jonathan B. Tucker, Robert J. Ursano, Victor Utgoff, Ann M. Vrtis, Robert P. Wise, Olga Yampolskaya, Allan P. Zellicoff, Raymond A. Zilinskas

Pathogens for War

Author : Donald H. Avery
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1442665017
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Pathogens for War by : Donald H. Avery

Download or read book Pathogens for War written by Donald H. Avery and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2013-04-28 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pathogens for War explores how Canada and its allies have attempted to deal with the threat of germ warfare, one of the most fearful weapons of mass destruction, since the Second World War. In addressing this subject, distinguished historian Donald Avery investigates the relationship between bioweapons, poison gas, and nuclear devices, as well as the connection between bioattacks and natural disease pandemics. Avery emphasizes the crucially important activities of Canadian biodefence scientists – beginning with Nobel Laureate Frederick Banting – at both the national level and through cooperative projects within the framework of an elaborate alliance system. Delving into history through a rich collection of declassified documents, Pathogens for War also devotes several chapters to the contemporary challenges of bioterrorism and disease pandemics from both national and international perspectives. As such, readers will not only learn about Canada’s secret involvement with biological warfare, but will also gain new insights into current debates about the peril of bioweapons – one of today’s greatest threats to world peace.

Clouds of Secrecy

Author : Leonard A. Cole
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
ISBN 13 : 0742573893
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis Clouds of Secrecy by : Leonard A. Cole

Download or read book Clouds of Secrecy written by Leonard A. Cole and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 1989-02-15 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1970s Americans learned for the first time that they had been used for decades as unsuspecting guinea pigs in a series of astonishing experiments conducted by the US Army. Military researchers had been secretly spraying clouds of bacteria over populated areas in order to study America''s vulnerability to biological weapons. Many civilians have suffered illness, even death, as a consequence.