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The United Nations And Somalia 1992 1996
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Book Synopsis The United Nations and Somalia, 1992-1996 by :
Download or read book The United Nations and Somalia, 1992-1996 written by and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 1996 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The civil war, the consequent famine and the collapse of governmental authority in Somalia led to a United Nations operation in Somalia with no precedent in the history of the Organization. The United Nations and Somalia, 1992-1996 is a comprehensive account of that experience, in which the United Nations Operation in Somalia and the Unified Task Force (led by the United States of America) carried out a broad mandate involving peace-keeping and peace-enforcement as well as the provision of humanitarian aid, the promotion of national reconciliation and assistance in rebuilding Somalia's devastated infrastructure and institutions. This volume includes more than 100 key documents relating to these efforts. An extensive introduction by Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali and a detailed chronology complement the texts. The documents reproduced include: Resolutions of the General Assembly and of the Security Council; Reports, statements and correspondence of the Secretary-General; Political agreements reached by the Somali parties; International appeals, plans of action and other materials related to the efforts of teh United Nations and non-governmental organizations to provide emergency famine relief and humanitarian assistance. (Adapted from publisher's abstract).
Book Synopsis The United States Army in Somalia, 1992-1994 by : Richard Winship Stewart
Download or read book The United States Army in Somalia, 1992-1994 written by Richard Winship Stewart and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Unvanquished, a United Nations-United States Saga by : Boutros Boutros-Ghali
Download or read book Unvanquished, a United Nations-United States Saga written by Boutros Boutros-Ghali and published by I.B.Tauris. This book was released on 1999 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Secretary General of the United Nations from January 1992 to December 1996, Boutros-Ghali writes bluntly of the conflict between the US and the UN. He tells the inside story of debacles in the Middle East, Bosnia, Somalia, Rwanda and Haiti, and warns of future dangers ensuing from US hostility.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of United Nations Peacekeeping Operations by : Joachim Koops
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of United Nations Peacekeeping Operations written by Joachim Koops and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-07-09 with total page 1031 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook on United Nations Peacekeeping Operations presents an innovative, authoritative, and accessible examination and critique of the United Nations peacekeeping operations. Since the late 1940s, but particularly since the end of the cold war, peacekeeping has been a central part of the core activities of the United Nations and a major process in global security governance and the management of international relations in general. The volume will present a chronological analysis, designed to provide a comprehensive perspective that highlights the evolution of UN peacekeeping and offers a detailed picture of how the decisions of UN bureaucrats and national governments on the set-up and design of particular UN missions were, and remain, influenced by the impact of preceding operations. The volume will bring together leading scholars and senior practitioners in order to provide overviews and analyses of all 65 peacekeeping operations that have been carried out by the United Nations since 1948. As with all Oxford Handbooks, the volume will be agenda-setting in importance, providing the authoritative point of reference for all those working throughout international relations and beyond.
Book Synopsis The Fragility of the 'Failed State' Paradigm by : Neyire Akpinarli
Download or read book The Fragility of the 'Failed State' Paradigm written by Neyire Akpinarli and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2010 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The absence of effective government, one of the most important issues in current international law, became prominent with the failed state concept at the beginning of the 1990s. Public international law, however, lacked sufficient legal means to deal with the phenomenon. Neither attempts at state reconstruction in countries such as Afghanistan and Somalia on the legal basis of Chapter VII of the UN Charter nor economic liberalisation have addressed fundamental social and economic problems. This work investigates the weaknesses of the failed state paradigm as a long-term solution for international peace and security, arguing that the solution to the absence of effective government can be found only in an economic and social approach and a true universalisation of international law.
Book Synopsis “My Clan Against the World”: U.S. and Coalition Forces in Somalia 1992-1994 by :
Download or read book “My Clan Against the World”: U.S. and Coalition Forces in Somalia 1992-1994 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the American military's experience with urban operations in Somalia, particularly in the capital city of Mogadishu. That original focus can be found in the following pages, but the authors address other, broader issues as well, to include planning for a multinational intervention; workable and unworkable command and control arrangements; the advantages and problems inherent in coalition operations; the need for cultural awareness in a clan-based society whose status as a nation-state is problematic; the continuous adjustments required by a dynamic, often unpredictable situation; the political dimension of military activities at the operational and tactical levels; and the ability to match military power and capabilities to the mission at hand.
Book Synopsis United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM I). by :
Download or read book United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM I). written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Public Information of the United Nations (UN) provides information about the United Nations Operation in Somalia (UNOSOM I). In April 1992, the UN sent troops to Somalia, to provide protection and security, and escort deliveries of humanitarian supplies. UN peacekeeping efforts were led by the United States in an operation called Operation Restore Hope. The mission developed into a broad effort to end conflict in Somalia.
Book Synopsis The United Nations and the Independence of Eritrea by : United Nations
Download or read book The United Nations and the Independence of Eritrea written by United Nations and published by UN. This book was released on 1996 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Root Causes of the United Nations’ Failure in Somalia by : Othman O. Mahmood
Download or read book The Root Causes of the United Nations’ Failure in Somalia written by Othman O. Mahmood and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2011-10-26 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the Somali crisis broke out in the 1990s and the Somali central government collapsed, the United Nations made several attempts to mediate the conflicting parties. The crisis reached its highest climax, leading to the successful US-led Operation Restore Hope. Unfortunately, when the leadership of the operation was transferred to the United Nations, the UN-led intervention failed miserably leading to further unrest and destabilization. The Root Causes of the United Nations Failure in Somalia, examines the events of the Somali crisis and dissects the reasons behind the failure. Author Mahmood focuses on three crucial factors that led to this turn of events often overlooked by many other scholarly studies. One, the UN representatives lacked the knowledge and understanding of the Somali clan system and peacemaking leadership in the Somali society. Two, neighboring countries, especially Ethiopia and Kenya, fueled and manipulated Somalis internal animosities. Three, international aid agencies had multiple layers of interests in the region and some of them had veiled interests in the continuation of the Somali crisis. Mahmood definitively shows that the United Nations had numerous golden opportunities to stabilize Somalia and reestablish governmental structures, yet still failed. The Root Causes of the United Nations Failure in Somalia provides a much-needed contribution to the scholarship of this critical subject.
Book Synopsis The United Nations, intra-state peacekeeping and normative change by : Esref Aksu
Download or read book The United Nations, intra-state peacekeeping and normative change written by Esref Aksu and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2013-07-19 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. This study explores the normative dimension of the evolving role of the United Nations in peace and security and, ultimately, in governance. What is dealt with here is both the UN's changing raison d'être and the wider normative context within which the organisation is located. The study looks at the UN through the window of one of its most contentious, yet least understood, practices: active involvement in intra-state conflicts as epitomised by UN peacekeeping. Drawing on the conceptual tools provided by the 'historical structural' approach, this study seeks to understand how and why the international community continuously reinterprets or redefines the UN's role with regard to intra-state conflicts. The study concentrates on intra-states 'peacekeeping environments', and examines what changes, if any, have occurred to the normative basis of UN peacekeeping in intra-state conflicts from the early 1960s to the early 1990s. One of the original aspects of the study is its analytical framework, where the conceptualisation of 'normative basis' revolves around objectives, functions and authority, and is closely connected with the institutionalised values in the UN Charter such as state sovereignty, human rights and socio-economic development. This book is essential reading for postgraduate students of IR and international peacekeeping organisations.
Book Synopsis Regulating the Use of Force by United Nations Peace Support Operations by : Charuka Ekanayake
Download or read book Regulating the Use of Force by United Nations Peace Support Operations written by Charuka Ekanayake and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-05-30 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Book attempts to deduce regulatory standards that can close the gaps between the Promises made and the Outcomes secured by the United Nations in relation to its use of force. It explores two broad questions in this regard: why the contemporary legal framework relevant to the regulation of force during Armed Conflict cannot close the gaps between the said Promises and Outcomes and how the ‘Unified Use of Force Rule’ formulated herein, achieves this. This is the first book to coherently analyse the moral as well as legal aspects relevant to UN use of force. UN peace operations are rapidly changing. Deployed peacekeepers are now required to use force in pursuance of numerous objectives such as self-defence, protecting civilians, and carrying out targeted offensive operations. As a result, questions about when, where, and how to use force have now become central to peacekeeping. While UN peace operations have managed to avoid catastrophes of the magnitude of Rwanda and Srebrenica for over two decades, crucial gaps still exist between what the UN promises on the use of force front, and what it achieves. Current conflict zones such as the Central African Republic, Eastern Congo, and Mali stand testament to this. This book searches for answers to these issues and identifies how an innovative mix of the relevant legal and moral rules can produce regulatory standards that can allow the UN to keep their promises. The discussion covers analytical ground that must be traversed ‘behind the scenes’ of UN deployment, well before the first troops set foot on a battlefield. The analysis ultimately produces a ‘Unified Use of Force Rule’, that can either be completely or partially used as a model set of Rules of Engagement by UN forces. This book will be immensely beneficial to law students, researchers, academics and practitioners in the fields of international relations, international law, peacekeeping, and human rights.
Book Synopsis Foreign Political Engagement by : D. Geldenhuys
Download or read book Foreign Political Engagement written by D. Geldenhuys and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1990s have witnessed several major external initiatives to reshape the domestic political arrangements of countries. Because these have been collective foreign ventures, usually with the active collaboration of the target countries, the term intervention is ill-suited. Instead, Deon Geldenhuys introduces the notion of foreign political engagement to describe international attempts at remaking countries in the image of the West. South Africa, Kenya, Somalia, Russia, Cambodia, El Salvador and Haiti serve as case-studies to demonstrate this important theoretical rethinking of international relations today.
Book Synopsis Peacekeeping Under Fire by : Robert A. Rubinstein
Download or read book Peacekeeping Under Fire written by Robert A. Rubinstein and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-11-17 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The international community increasingly responds to civil wars, humanitarian crises, and other intrastate conflicts through the instrument of UN peacekeeping. Nearly all of these interventions take place in non-Western areas and involve interactions among militaries and nongovernmental organizations from all around the globe. In this wide-ranging book, Rubinstein draws on decades of his own research on peacekeeping, and on other current and historical cases, to develop a broad understanding of the roles that culture plays in peacekeeping's success or failure. Peacekeeping under Fire shows that cultural considerations are key elements at all levels of peacekeeping operations. Culture influences what happens between peacekeepers and local populations, how military and nongovernmental organizations interact, and even how missions are planned and authorized. Peacekeeping under Fire analyzes how political symbolism and ritual are critical to peacekeeping and demonstrates how questions of power, identity, and political perception emerge from the cultural context of peacekeeping.
Book Synopsis The United Nations and peacekeeping, 1988–95 by : Chen Kertcher
Download or read book The United Nations and peacekeeping, 1988–95 written by Chen Kertcher and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2016-06-17 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using more than 600 UN documents that analyse the discussions in the UN Security Council, General Assembly and Secretariat, The United Nations and peacekeeping, 1988-95 presents innovative explanations on how after the Cold War UN peacekeeping operations became the dominant response to conflicts around the globe. This study offers a vivid description of these changes through the analysis of the evolution in the concept and practice of United Nations peacekeeping operations from 1988 to 1995. The research is anchored primarily in United Nations documents, which were produced following the diplomatic discussions that took place in the General Assembly, the Security Council and the UN Secretariat on the subject of peacekeeping in general and in the cases of Cambodia, Former Yugoslavia and Somalia in particular. These large and complex operations were the testing ground for the new roles of peacekeeping in democratisation, humanitarian aid, resettlement of refugees, demobilisation of armed forces, economic development and advancement of good government.
Book Synopsis Africa by : Air University (U.S.). Library
Download or read book Africa written by Air University (U.S.). Library and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Humanitarian Military Intervention by : Taylor B. Seybolt
Download or read book Humanitarian Military Intervention written by Taylor B. Seybolt and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2007 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Military intervention in a conflict without a reasonable prospect of success is unjustifiable, especially when it is done in the name of humanity. Couched in the debate on the responsibility to protect civilians from violence and drawing on traditional 'just war' principles, the centralpremise of this book is that humanitarian military intervention can be justified as a policy option only if decision makers can be reasonably sure that intervention will do more good than harm. This book asks, 'Have past humanitarian military interventions been successful?' It defines success as saving lives and sets out a methodology for estimating the number of lives saved by a particular military intervention. Analysis of 17 military operations in six conflict areas that were thedefining cases of the 1990s-northern Iraq after the Gulf War, Somalia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Rwanda, Kosovo and East Timor-shows that the majority were successful by this measure. In every conflict studied, however, some military interventions succeeded while others failed, raising the question, 'Why have some past interventions been more successful than others?' This book argues that the central factors determining whether a humanitarian intervention succeeds are theobjectives of the intervention and the military strategy employed by the intervening states. Four types of humanitarian military intervention are offered: helping to deliver emergency aid, protecting aid operations, saving the victims of violence and defeating the perpetrators of violence. Thefocus on strategy within these four types allows an exploration of the political and military dimensions of humanitarian intervention and highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each of the four types.Humanitarian military intervention is controversial. Scepticism is always in order about the need to use military force because the consequences can be so dire. Yet it has become equally controversial not to intervene when a government subjects its citizens to massive violation of their basic humanrights. This book recognizes the limits of humanitarian intervention but does not shy away from suggesting how military force can save lives in extreme circumstances.
Book Synopsis The Horn of Africa since the 1960s by : Aleksi Ylönen
Download or read book The Horn of Africa since the 1960s written by Aleksi Ylönen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-02-17 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Horn of Africa has long been one of the most dynamic and politically turbulent sub-regions on the African continent. Host to great ancient civilizations, diverse peoples, and expansive states, the region has experienced massive social, economic, and political transformations which have given rise to military coups, revolutions and intractable ethnic, socio-economic, and religious conflicts. This comprehensive volume brings together a team of expert scholars who analyze international, regional, national, and local affairs in the Horn of Africa. The chapters demonstrate the intertwined nature of the actors and forces shaping political realities. The case studies, focusing on Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Somaliland, Sudan, and South Sudan eloquently illustrate the complex dynamics connecting the spectrum of political issues in the region. The Horn of Africa since the 1960s will be of interest to students and scholars of contemporary Africa and political science.
