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The Unctad Code Of Conduct For Liner Conferences
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Book Synopsis The Unctad Liner Code by : Lawrence Juda
Download or read book The Unctad Liner Code written by Lawrence Juda and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-06-02 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The UNCTAD Liner Code: United States Maritime Policy at the Crossroads Lawrence Juda World shipping--vital to international trade--is now going through a period of radical change. The UNCTAD Code of Conduct for Liner Conferences is an important manifestation of that change, reflecting the pressures exerted by developing countries for a New International Economic Order and for modifications in the system of international trade. The code, best known for its provisions on liner cargo allocations, includes a number of other very significant stipulations important for U.S. policy. For several years the United States has opposed the convention and acted on the assumption that the EEC countries, Japan, and other developed states would not ratify it. Now that ratification appears imminent, the United States may find itself isolated and exposed to a number of problems whose impacts may be felt not only in maritime affairs but also in trade, diplomacy, and security. This study examines the nature, provisions, and possible effects of the UNCTAD Liner Code. Dr. Juda evaluates how the regime of the code compares with the present U.S. framework for liner regulations and promotion, then outlines and assesses the major policy options available to the United States given the positions taken by the developing states and the EEC. The book is based on interviews with key officials and on U.N. and U.S. government documents.
Book Synopsis Review of Maritime Transport 2020 by : United Nations
Download or read book Review of Maritime Transport 2020 written by United Nations and published by UN. This book was released on 2021-01-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This series contains the decisions of the Court in both the English and French texts.
Book Synopsis Digest of United States Practice in International Law by :
Download or read book Digest of United States Practice in International Law written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Maritime Economics 3e by : Martin Stopford
Download or read book Maritime Economics 3e written by Martin Stopford and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-12-19 with total page 973 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For 5000 years shipping has served the world economy and today it provides a sophisticated transport service to every part of the globe. Yet despite its economic complexity, shipping retains much of the competitive cut and thrust of theperfect market of classical economics. This blend of sophisticated logistics and larger than life entrepreneurs
Book Synopsis Shipping Conferences under EC Antitrust Law by : Luis Ortiz Blanco
Download or read book Shipping Conferences under EC Antitrust Law written by Luis Ortiz Blanco and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2007-06-26 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liner conferences are among the oldest surviving cartels in the world. Created in the 1870s they have existed since on all the world's shipping routes. With the approval or tacit acquiescence of governments everywhere, they fix freight rates, control capacity and share markets. The United Nations Code of Conduct for Liner Conferences (1974) granted them global recognition and prompted the European Community to recommend Member States to join the Convention on the Liner Code (1979) and to grant them the most generous and extraordinary block exemption from EC antitrust rules ever (1986). The European Commission's administration of the block exemption has clarified some of its aspects and, to a certain extent, limited its scope; but until very recently, it has not questioned the appropriateness of the exceptionally lenient treatment of liner shipping cartels in the European Union. After a report by the OECD Secretariat (2002) recommending abolition of antitrust immunity for shipping cartels in member countries, the European Commission launched a review of the block exemption (2003) which has led to its repeal (2006). This book studies first the origins, the early history and the regulation of liner conferences in the world and in the European Community, focusing in particular on the Regulation which granted a block exemption to liner conferences. Then, it examines one by one the four conditions for a block exemption to be granted under EC law, and concludes that none of them is fulfilled by shipping cartels. Finally, it proposes some alternative scenarios and solutions for the adequate enforcement of antitrust law in the maritime sector once the block exemption has been repealed.
Book Synopsis International Organization and Integration by : Paul Joan George Kapteyn
Download or read book International Organization and Integration written by Paul Joan George Kapteyn and published by Brill Archive. This book was released on 1981-01-01 with total page 1394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Collected Documents of the Group Of 77 by : Mourad Ahmia
Download or read book The Collected Documents of the Group Of 77 written by Mourad Ahmia and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 1106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Collected Documents of The Group of 77 provides a chronological record of events and documents of the Group of 77 since its creation in 1963. This Sixth Volume is a special Fiftieth Anniversary Edition of The Group of 77 at the United Nations launched to coincide with the fiftieth year since the establishment of the Group of 77 with the objective of furthering the documentary process and its institutional memory. This compilation provides a chronological record of the main documents adopted by the Group of 77 since its creation in 1964, with a special focus on all major events of the Group of 77 that took place during the period 1964-2014. The Group of 77 has devoted five decades working to achieve development. It adheres to the principle that nations, big and small, deserve an equal voice in world affairs. Today the Group of 77 remains linked by common geography and a shared history of struggle for liberation, freedom and south-south solidarity. In its 50 years, the Group of 77 has solidified the global South as a coalition of nations, aspiring for a global partnership for peace and development. The Group of 77 is recognized for its work to promote international cooperation for development towards a prosperous and peaceful world. The commitment and dedication of the Group of 77 in selflessly shaping world affairs has benefited billions of lives worldwide.
Book Synopsis An Assessment of Maritime Trade and Technology by :
Download or read book An Assessment of Maritime Trade and Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Developing Countries and the World Economic Order by : Lars Anell
Download or read book The Developing Countries and the World Economic Order written by Lars Anell and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-11-07 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Developing Countries and the World Economic Order provides a lucid introduction to the debate about the developing countries and the quest for a New International Economic Order. The primary objective is to indicate some of the fundamental requirements that must be satisfied by an equitable world order. Since the present economic situation and demands of developing countries cannot be understood thoroughly without prior knowledge of how the present world order has evolved, Part I begins with a detailed historical survey. An account of economic development up to the Second World War and of the colonial heritage of the developing countries is followed by a description of the way in which the postwar world order came into being. Part II analyses more recent developments, including the central demands of developing countries and the background to these demands, and outlines a new perspective on the NIEO programme with suggestions are offered on how the developing countries could secure for themselves a larger share of the world's resources. A major theme of the book is that important changes in the world order take place irrespective of the recommendations adopted at international conferences.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Subcommittee on Merchant Marine Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :516 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Ship financing and taxation by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Subcommittee on Merchant Marine
Download or read book Ship financing and taxation written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Subcommittee on Merchant Marine and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Subcommittee on Merchant Marine Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :544 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (5 download)
Book Synopsis Ship Financing and Taxation: Capital construction fund (H.R. 2893) and impact of proposed tax reform recommendations on the maritime industry, July 11, 1985. Maritime Redevelopment Bank Charter Act and shipbuildings industry revitalization (H.R. 33), July 30, 1985 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Subcommittee on Merchant Marine
Download or read book Ship Financing and Taxation: Capital construction fund (H.R. 2893) and impact of proposed tax reform recommendations on the maritime industry, July 11, 1985. Maritime Redevelopment Bank Charter Act and shipbuildings industry revitalization (H.R. 33), July 30, 1985 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Subcommittee on Merchant Marine and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book economy countries written by and published by Brill Archive. This book was released on with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The North America Study by : United States. Department of Transportation
Download or read book The North America Study written by United States. Department of Transportation and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Governing Global Networks by : Mark W. Zacher
Download or read book Governing Global Networks written by Mark W. Zacher and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Governing Global Networks argues that most international regimes are grounded in states' mutual cooperation, and not in the dictates of the most powerful states. It focuses on the regimes for four important international industries - shipping, air transport, telecommunications and postal services. Of particular importance to these regimes have been states' interests in both the free flow of commerce and their policy autonomy. The authors examine the relationship between these potentially conflicting goals. In particular they trace the impact of deregulation, which has led some states increasingly to place gains from economic openness ahead of their desire to maintain a high degree of control of their own economies; and to the decline of the traditional cartel elements of these regimes. This analysis is an important contribution to theoretical debates between neo-realists and neo-liberals in the study of international organisations and international political economy.
Book Synopsis U.S. national study on trade in services by :
Download or read book U.S. national study on trade in services written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Review of Maritime Transport 2018 by : United Nations
Download or read book Review of Maritime Transport 2018 written by United Nations and published by . This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Review of Maritime Transport is an UNCTAD flagship publication, published annually since 1968 with 2018 marking the 50 year anniversary. Around 80 per cent of the volume of international trade in goods is carried by sea, and the percentage is even higher for most developing countries. The Review of Maritime Transport provides an analysis of structural and cyclical changes affecting seaborne trade, ports and shipping, as well as an extensive collection of statistical information.
Book Synopsis Port State Control and Jurisdiction by : George C. Kasoulides
Download or read book Port State Control and Jurisdiction written by George C. Kasoulides and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-11-27 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nineteen ninety-two provided several painful reminders of the inherent hazards of oil tankers plying the high seas loaded with millions of gallons of crude oil. Within the space of a few days we witnessed a succession of catastrophic accidents: the foundering of the Greek AEGEAN SEA off the North-West coast of Spain, the breaking-up of the Liberian BRAER off the Shetland Islands, and the burning of the Danish-owned MAERSK NAVIGATOR near the entrance to the Indian Ocean's Malaccan Strait. Any one of these accidents could have been worse than the EXXON VALDEZ spill in Alaska in 1989, when 11 million gallons of crude oil leaked into Prince William Sound. This once again demonstrated the imperative need for an improved regime for the prevention of this kind of accident. The 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which had been ratified by 54 states by the end of 1992, consolidates a number of novel provisions, one of which is port state enforcement for violations outside a state's jurisdiction. Port state control, as such, is a very old concept. It is based on the rule of international law, according to which a state exercises full jurisdictional powers within its internal waters and has the right to deny access to such waters. The 1982 Convention expands this jurisdiction and provides the port state with enforcement powers with respect to violations outside its national jurisdiction. Special emphasis is paid to the evolution of the port state enforcement regime; its formulation in the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea; advantages and disadvantages and finally the implementation of the enforcement provisions of relevant maritime conventions. This book also analyses flag state jurisdiction and the repercussions of the adoption of the 1986 Convention for Registration of Ships. Special emphasis is given to a regional European agreement, the 1982 Paris Memorandum of Understanding, which attempts to strengthen the implementation of the existing international legal standards that could serve as a model for a future port state regime.
