The Second-Person Standpoint

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Author :
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674034627
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Second-Person Standpoint by : Stephen Darwall

Download or read book The Second-Person Standpoint written by Stephen Darwall and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-09-30 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why should we avoid doing moral wrong? The inability of philosophy to answer this question in a compelling manner—along with the moral skepticism and ethical confusion that ensue—result, Stephen Darwall argues, from our failure to appreciate the essentially interpersonal character of moral obligation. After showing how attempts to vindicate morality have tended to change the subject—falling back on non-moral values or practical, first-person considerations—Darwall elaborates the interpersonal nature of moral obligations: their inherent link to our responsibilities to one another as members of the moral community. As Darwall defines it, the concept of moral obligation has an irreducibly second-person aspect; it presupposes our authority to make claims and demands on one another. And so too do many other central notions, including those of rights, the dignity of and respect for persons, and the very concept of person itself. The result is nothing less than a fundamental reorientation of moral theory that enables it at last to account for morality’s supreme authority—an account that Darwall carries from the realm of theory to the practical world of second-person attitudes, emotions, and actions.

The Two Moralities

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Author :
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300271506
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis The Two Moralities by : Ronnie Janoff-Bulman

Download or read book The Two Moralities written by Ronnie Janoff-Bulman and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2023-04-18 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most complete picture to date of the moral worlds of the political left and right and how their different views relate to specific political issues The left and right will always have strong policy disagreements, but constructive debate and negotiation are not possible when each side demonizes the other. We need to move past our poisonous politics. In this book, social psychologist Ronnie Janoff-Bulman provides a new framework for understanding why and how we disagree. Janoff-Bulman asks readers to consider the challenging possibility that both liberalism and conservatism are morally based and reflect genuine concern for the country. Moral psychology is an invaluable lens for understanding the roots of political differences. She presents a “Model of Moral Motives” that maps the most fundamental motivations recognized by psychology—approach and avoidance—onto these differences. Liberal morality focuses on providing for the group’s well-being and ensuring social justice. Conservative morality focuses on protecting the group from threats and preserving order. These moralities can account for the psychological differences between liberals and conservatives and for why certain positions resonate on each side of the political spectrum. Why, for example, do conservatives oppose abortion and favor unfettered free markets while liberals favor a woman’s right to choose and economic regulation? Understanding that our political differences are rooted in two natural forms of morality can help us begin to detoxify our politics.

The Two Moralities

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Author :
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300244088
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis The Two Moralities by : Ronnie Janoff-Bulman

Download or read book The Two Moralities written by Ronnie Janoff-Bulman and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2023-04-18 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most complete picture to date of the moral worlds of the political left and right and how their different views relate to specific political issues The left and right will always have strong policy disagreements, but constructive debate and negotiation are not possible when each side demonizes the other. We need to move past our poisonous politics. In this book, social psychologist Ronnie Janoff-Bulman provides a new framework for understanding why and how we disagree. Janoff-Bulman asks readers to consider the challenging possibility that both liberalism and conservatism are morally based and reflect genuine concern for the country. Moral psychology is an invaluable lens for understanding the roots of political differences. She presents a "Model of Moral Motives" that maps the most fundamental motivations recognized by psychology--approach and avoidance--onto these differences. Liberal morality focuses on providing for the group's well-being and ensuring social justice. Conservative morality focuses on protecting the group from threats and preserving order. These moralities can account for the psychological differences between liberals and conservatives and for why certain positions resonate on each side of the political spectrum. Why, for example, do conservatives oppose abortion and favor unfettered free markets while liberals favor a woman's right to choose and economic regulation? Understanding that our political differences are rooted in two natural forms of morality can help us begin to detoxify our politics.

Moral Politics

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Politics by : George Lakoff

Download or read book Moral Politics written by George Lakoff and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lakoff takes a fresh look at how we think and talk about politics and shows that political and moral ideas develop in systematic ways from our models of ideal families. Arguing that conservatives have exploited the connection between morality, the famility and politics, while liberals have failed to recognize it, Lakoff expalins why the conservative moral position has not been effectively challenged.

Moral Tribes

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Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0143126059
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (431 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Tribes by : Joshua Greene

Download or read book Moral Tribes written by Joshua Greene and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2014-12-30 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Surprising and remarkable…Toggling between big ideas, technical details, and his personal intellectual journey, Greene writes a thesis suitable to both airplane reading and PhD seminars.”—The Boston Globe Our brains were designed for tribal life, for getting along with a select group of others (Us) and for fighting off everyone else (Them). But modern times have forced the world’s tribes into a shared space, resulting in epic clashes of values along with unprecedented opportunities. As the world shrinks, the moral lines that divide us become more salient and more puzzling. We fight over everything from tax codes to gay marriage to global warming, and we wonder where, if at all, we can find our common ground. A grand synthesis of neuroscience, psychology, and philosophy, Moral Tribes reveals the underlying causes of modern conflict and lights the way forward. Greene compares the human brain to a dual-mode camera, with point-and-shoot automatic settings (“portrait,” “landscape”) as well as a manual mode. Our point-and-shoot settings are our emotions—efficient, automated programs honed by evolution, culture, and personal experience. The brain’s manual mode is its capacity for deliberate reasoning, which makes our thinking flexible. Point-and-shoot emotions make us social animals, turning Me into Us. But they also make us tribal animals, turning Us against Them. Our tribal emotions make us fight—sometimes with bombs, sometimes with words—often with life-and-death stakes. A major achievement from a rising star in a new scientific field, Moral Tribes will refashion your deepest beliefs about how moral thinking works and how it can work better.

Morality Politics in Western Europe

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137016698
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Morality Politics in Western Europe by : Isabelle Engeli

Download or read book Morality Politics in Western Europe written by Isabelle Engeli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do some countries have 'Culture Wars' over morality issues such as abortion and same-sex marriage while other countries hardly experience any conflict? This book argues that morality issues only generate major conflicts in political systems with a significant conflict between religious and secular parties.

The Two Moralities

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Two Moralities by : Alexander Dunlop Lindsay

Download or read book The Two Moralities written by Alexander Dunlop Lindsay and published by . This book was released on 1940 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Natural Moralities

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199724849
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Natural Moralities by : David B Wong

Download or read book Natural Moralities written by David B Wong and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-03 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, David B. Wong defends an ambitious and important new version of moral relativism. He does not espouse the type of relativism that says anything goes, but he does start with a relativist stance against alternative theories such that there need not be only one universal truth. Wong proposes that there can be a plurality of true moralities existing across different traditions and cultures, all with one core human question as to how we can all live together.

Moral Politics

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Author :
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226471004
Total Pages : 489 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (264 download)

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Book Synopsis Moral Politics by : George Lakoff

Download or read book Moral Politics written by George Lakoff and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-12-15 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this classic text, the first full-scale application of cognitive science to politics, George Lakoff analyzes the unconscious and rhetorical worldviews of liberals and conservatives, discovering radically different but remarkably consistent conceptions of morality on both the left and right. For this new edition, Lakoff adds a preface and an afterword extending his observations to major ideological conflicts since the book's original publication, from the impeachment of Bill Clinton to the 2000 presidential election and its aftermath.

The Two Moralities

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (25 download)

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Book Synopsis The Two Moralities by : Alexander Dunlop Lindsay

Download or read book The Two Moralities written by Alexander Dunlop Lindsay and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Justice

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Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux
ISBN 13 : 1429952687
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis Justice by : Michael J. Sandel

Download or read book Justice written by Michael J. Sandel and published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. This book was released on 2009-09-15 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A renowned Harvard professor's brilliant, sweeping, inspiring account of the role of justice in our society--and of the moral dilemmas we face as citizens What are our obligations to others as people in a free society? Should government tax the rich to help the poor? Is the free market fair? Is it sometimes wrong to tell the truth? Is killing sometimes morally required? Is it possible, or desirable, to legislate morality? Do individual rights and the common good conflict? Michael J. Sandel's "Justice" course is one of the most popular and influential at Harvard. Up to a thousand students pack the campus theater to hear Sandel relate the big questions of political philosophy to the most vexing issues of the day, and this fall, public television will air a series based on the course. Justice offers readers the same exhilarating journey that captivates Harvard students. This book is a searching, lyrical exploration of the meaning of justice, one that invites readers of all political persuasions to consider familiar controversies in fresh and illuminating ways. Affirmative action, same-sex marriage, physician-assisted suicide, abortion, national service, patriotism and dissent, the moral limits of markets—Sandel dramatizes the challenge of thinking through these con?icts, and shows how a surer grasp of philosophy can help us make sense of politics, morality, and our own convictions as well. Justice is lively, thought-provoking, and wise—an essential new addition to the small shelf of books that speak convincingly to the hard questions of our civic life.

What Money Can't Buy

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Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux
ISBN 13 : 1429942584
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis What Money Can't Buy by : Michael J. Sandel

Download or read book What Money Can't Buy written by Michael J. Sandel and published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. This book was released on 2012-04-24 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Should we pay children to read books or to get good grades? Should we allow corporations to pay for the right to pollute the atmosphere? Is it ethical to pay people to test risky new drugs or to donate their organs? What about hiring mercenaries to fight our wars? Auctioning admission to elite universities? Selling citizenship to immigrants willing to pay? In What Money Can't Buy, Michael J. Sandel takes on one of the biggest ethical questions of our time: Is there something wrong with a world in which everything is for sale? If so, how can we prevent market values from reaching into spheres of life where they don't belong? What are the moral limits of markets? In recent decades, market values have crowded out nonmarket norms in almost every aspect of life—medicine, education, government, law, art, sports, even family life and personal relations. Without quite realizing it, Sandel argues, we have drifted from having a market economy to being a market society. Is this where we want to be?In his New York Times bestseller Justice, Sandel showed himself to be a master at illuminating, with clarity and verve, the hard moral questions we confront in our everyday lives. Now, in What Money Can't Buy, he provokes an essential discussion that we, in our market-driven age, need to have: What is the proper role of markets in a democratic society—and how can we protect the moral and civic goods that markets don't honor and that money can't buy?

Morality of Markets

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Author :
Publisher : Academic Foundation
ISBN 13 : 9788171883660
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (836 download)

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Book Synopsis Morality of Markets by : Parth J. Shah

Download or read book Morality of Markets written by Parth J. Shah and published by Academic Foundation. This book was released on 2004 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Book Addresses Critical Issues Ranging From The Underlying Ethics Of Voluntary Exchange, Morality In The Commerce And The Corporation, The Immorality Of State Intervention, And The Role Of Markets In The Teachings Of Major World Religions. Contributions By Distinguished Economists, Ethicists, And Theologians Explore The Moral And Ethical Foundations Of The Free Market.

The Principles of Morals and Legislation

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Principles of Morals and Legislation by : Jeremy Bentham

Download or read book The Principles of Morals and Legislation written by Jeremy Bentham and published by . This book was released on 1879 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses morals' functions and natures that affect the legislation in general. Bases the discussions on pain and pleasure as basic principle of law embodiment. Mentions of the circumstance influencing sensibility, general human actions, intentionality, conciousness, motives, human dispositions, consequencess of mischievous act, case of punishment, and offences' division.

Conflicts of Law and Morality

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0195058240
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Conflicts of Law and Morality by : Kent Greenawalt

Download or read book Conflicts of Law and Morality written by Kent Greenawalt and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1989 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Powerful emotion and pursuit of self-interest have many times led people to break the law with the belief that they are doing so with sound moral reasons. This study is a comprehensive philosophical and legal analysis of the gray area in which the foundations of law and morality clash. In examining the extent of the obligations owed by citizens to their government, Greenawalt concentrates on the possible existence of a single source of obligation that reaches all citizens and all laws.

What's Wrong with Morality?

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199355541
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis What's Wrong with Morality? by : Charles Daniel Batson

Download or read book What's Wrong with Morality? written by Charles Daniel Batson and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2016 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most works on moral psychology consider morality an unalloyed good. Drawing primarily on social-psychological theory and research, this book looks at morality as a problem. The problem is that we often fail live up to our own moral standards. Why?

Our Moral Fate

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262043742
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Our Moral Fate by : Allen Buchanan

Download or read book Our Moral Fate written by Allen Buchanan and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-03-17 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A provocative and probing argument showing how human beings can for the first time in history take charge of their moral fate. Is tribalism—the political and cultural divisions between Us and Them—an inherent part of our basic moral psychology? Many scientists link tribalism and morality, arguing that the evolved “moral mind” is tribalistic. Any escape from tribalism, according to this thinking, would be partial and fragile, because it goes against the grain of our nature. In this book, Allen Buchanan offers a counterargument: the moral mind is highly flexible, capable of both tribalism and deeply inclusive moralities, depending on the social environment in which the moral mind operates. We can't be morally tribalistic by nature, Buchanan explains, because quite recently there has been a remarkable shift away from tribalism and toward inclusiveness, as growing numbers of people acknowledge that all human beings have equal moral status, and that at least some nonhumans also have moral standing. These are what Buchanan terms the Two Great Expansions of moral regard. And yet, he argues, moral progress is not inevitable but depends partly on whether we have the good fortune to develop as moral agents in a society that provides the right conditions for realizing our moral potential. But morality need not depend on luck. We can take charge of our moral fate by deliberately shaping our social environment—by engaging in scientifically informed “moral institutional design.” For the first time in human history, human beings can determine what sort of morality is predominant in their societies and what kinds of moral agents they are.