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The Synthesis Of Pbs Nanocrystal And Their Self Assembly Into Complex Nanowire And Nanocube Structure
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Book Synopsis The Synthesis of PbS Nanocrystal and Their Self-assembly Into Complex Nanowire and Nanocube Structure by : Fan Xu
Download or read book The Synthesis of PbS Nanocrystal and Their Self-assembly Into Complex Nanowire and Nanocube Structure written by Fan Xu and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the last 50 years, bulk lead-chalcogenide semiconductors have been key materials for infrared light sources and lasers, photodetectors and highperformance thermoelectrics. Meanwhile, the colloidal synthesis of chalcogenide semiconductor nanocrystals has provided a new pathway to producing optoelectronic materials with unique physical properties at low cost, including lead-chalcogenide nanocrystals. In this thesis, we synthesized various sizes of lead salt nancrystals that exhibit remarkable photoluminescence efficiencies across the near infrared region at room-temperature, which can be appealing active material for light emitting devices, photovoltaic devices, and bio-imaging. Meanwhile, we developed the catalyst-free self-attachment of PbS nanowires in hot colloidal solution using a combination of multiple surfactants. We demonstrate the controllable self-attachment of star-shaped nanocrystals can lead to radically-branched nanowires while the assembly of octahedral nanocrystals leads to zigzag nanowires. The synthesized nanowires exhibit strong position dependent quantum confinement, which occurs at the side arms and high faceted edges of the nanowires. Those novel structures give rise to the appealing optical properties of the nanowires, with strong photoluminescence in the near infrared region.
Book Synopsis Nanoparticles and Nanowire Building Blocks - Synthesis, Processing, Characterization and Theory: Volume 818 by : Materials Research Society. Meeting
Download or read book Nanoparticles and Nanowire Building Blocks - Synthesis, Processing, Characterization and Theory: Volume 818 written by Materials Research Society. Meeting and published by . This book was released on 2004-10-29 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasingly, novel optical and magnetic properties of nanoparticles and nanowires are finding rich opportunities in electronic, biological tagging, separation and sensing. This volume brings together a large and diverse group of international researchers to focus on the synthesis, processing, characterization and modeling of nanoparticles and nanowires and their potential use as 'nanoscale building blocks' for electronic, optical and biological applications. The compilation of papers reflects the drive to harness the understanding of isolated nanostructures, translating these insights into opportunities of engineered materials and devices. In addition to studies of individual nanostructures, the volume also explores how new collective properties emerge as nanoscale building blocks are assembled to produce extended structures. Experimental, theoretical and computational perspectives are offered. Topics include: magnetic nanostructures; metallic nanoparticles; metallic nanowires; magnetic and metallic nanostructures; semiconductor quantum dots; semiconductor dots and wires; nanobiological materials; and group-IV nanoparticles.
Book Synopsis Laser Ablation in Liquids by : Guowei Yang
Download or read book Laser Ablation in Liquids written by Guowei Yang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-02-22 with total page 1166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the fundamental concepts and physical and chemical aspects of pulsed laser ablation of solid targets in liquid environments and its applications in the preparation of nanomaterials and fabrication of nanostructures. The areas of focus include basic thermodynamic and kinetic processes of laser ablation in liquids, and its applic
Download or read book Nanocrystals written by Sudheer Neralla and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-08-29 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanocrystals research has been an area of significant interest lately, due to the wide variety of potential applications in semiconductor, optical and biomedical fields. This book consists of a collection of research work on nanocrystals processing and characterization of their structural, optical, electronic, magnetic and mechanical properties. Various methods for nanocrystals synthesis are discussed in the book. Size-dependent properties such as quantum confinement, superparamagnetism have been observed in semiconductor and magnetic nanoparticles. Nanocrystals incorporated into different material systems have proven to possess improved properties. A review of the exciting outcomes nanoparticles study has provided indicates further accomplishments in the near future.
Book Synopsis Controlling Nanomaterial Self-assembly for Next Generation Optoelectronic Applications by : Mark Clayton Weidman
Download or read book Controlling Nanomaterial Self-assembly for Next Generation Optoelectronic Applications written by Mark Clayton Weidman and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiconductor nanocrystals, also known as quantum dots, are an exciting class of materials because their band gap can be tuned according to the nanocrystal size. In this way, the material band gap can be largely decoupled from its atomic composition - a property unique to this system. The potential applications for semiconductor nanocrystals are wide ranging and include: LEDs, photovoltaics, photon downconversion, photon upconversion, and thermoelectrics. However, their size-dependent band gap can also be a hindrance, as any size variation in the ensemble of nanocrystals introduces energetic disorder and spatial disorder in films. While synthesized as a colloid, for most applications the nanocrystals are deposited as a thin film. The rate of energy transfer between nanocrystals in the film, dictated by the arrangement and distance between neighbors, is therefore a critical parameter affecting device efficiency. As a result, controlling the nanocrystal physical arrangement is crucial to the success of these materials. Despite this, there is a lack of understanding of how to observe and control these processes at the nanoscale. This thesis begins by improving the synthesis of lead sulfide (PbS) nanocrystals to produce narrow size dispersity ensembles with tunable average size by ensuring the reaction is diffusion-limited. We then experimentally determine what parameters (ligand coverage, solvent, size dispersity) most affect the ability of these nanocrystals to self-assemble into highly ordered superlattice structures. We show that superlattices can be produced with a wide variety of surface ligands of differing lengths, either directly from a colloidal suspension or post-deposition and we thoroughly characterize the interparticle spacing as a function of ligand species. Next, we demonstrate an in situ X-ray scattering technique which enables the real-time visualization of nanocrystal self-assembly, with details unprecedented by any other experimental method. This technique led to a better understanding of the colloid to superlattice transition, including the observation of intermediate states and the ability to compare kinetics of different self-assembly aspects. Finally, we present experimental measurements demonstrating that nanocrystal size dispersity and selfassembly are critical to efficient energy transfer in films and that as energetic disorder is minimized through improved synthetic methods, spatial disorder becomes an increasingly important parameter to control. In the final experimental chapter of this thesis, we apply this knowledge to a different material system perovskite nanoplatelets, which have the potential to be useful as an inexpensive, solution-processable emission material. For these 2D materials, we optimize the thickness homogeneity and study the selfassembly of the nanoplatelets into stacked superstructures. We highlight the incredible tunability of this material system accessible through thickness and compositional tuning, which allows absorption and emission to be shifted across the entire visible range. Lastly, we demonstrate the potential of this system for next generation LEDs.
Download or read book Nanoparticles written by Vincent Rotello and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The integration of top-down lithographic techniques with synthetic organic and inorganic technologies is a key challenge for the development of effective nanosca1e devices. In terms of assembly, nanoparticles provide an excellent tool for bridging the gap between the resolution of electron beam lithography (-60 nm) and the molecular level. Nanoparticles possess an array of unique properties associated with their core materials, including distinctive magnetic, photonic and electronic behavior. This behavior can be controlled and applied through monolayer functionalization and assembly strategies, making nanoparticles both scaffolds and building blocks for nanotechnology. The diverse structures and properties of nanoparticles makes them useful tools for both fundamental studies and pragmatic applications in a range of disciplines. This volume is intended to provide an integrated overview of the synthesis and assembly of nanoparticles, and their applications in chemistry, biology, and materials science. The first three chapters focus on the creation and intrinsic properties of nanoparticles, covering some of the myriad core materials and shapes that have been created. The remaining chapters of the book discuss the assembly of nanoparticles, and applications of both discrete particles and particle assemblies in a wide range of fields, including device and sensor fabrication, catalysis, biology, and nanosca1e electronic and magnetic systems.
Book Synopsis Localized Synthesis, Assembly and Integration of Silicon Nanowires by : Ongi Englander
Download or read book Localized Synthesis, Assembly and Integration of Silicon Nanowires written by Ongi Englander and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Patchy Nanoparticle Synthesis and Self-Assembly by : Qian Chen
Download or read book Patchy Nanoparticle Synthesis and Self-Assembly written by Qian Chen and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological building blocks (i.e., proteins) are encoded with the information of target structure into the chemical and morphological patches, guiding their assembly into the levels of functional structures that are crucial for living organisms. Learning from nature, researchers have been attracted to the artificial analogues, ,Äúpatchy particles,,Äù which have controlled geometries of patches that serve as directional bonding sites. However, unlike the abundant studies of micron-scale patchy particles, which demonstrated complex assembly structures and unique behaviors attributed to the patches, research on patchy nanoparticles (NPs) has remained challenging. In the present chapter, we discuss the recent understandings on patchy NP design and synthesis strategies, and physical principles of their assembly behaviors, which are the main factors to program patchy NP self-assembly into target structures that cannot be achieved by conventional non-patched NPs. We further summarize the self-assembly of patchy NPs under external fields, in simulation, and in kinetically controlled assembly pathways, to show the structural richness patchy NPs bring. The patchy NP assembly is novel by their structures as well as the multicomponent features, and thus exhibits unique optical, chemical, and mechanical properties, potentially aiding applications in catalysts, photonic crystals, and metamaterials as well as fundamental nanoscience.
Download or read book Nanowires written by Anqi Zhang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive summary of nanowire research in the past decade, from the nanowire synthesis, characterization, assembly, to the device applications. In particular, the developments of complex/modulated nanowire structures, the assembly of hierarchical nanowire arrays, and the applications in the fields of nanoelectronics, nanophotonics, quantum devices, nano-enabled energy, and nano-bio interfaces, are focused. Moreover, novel nanowire building blocks for the future/emerging nanoscience and nanotechnology are also discussed.Semiconducting nanowires represent one of the most interesting research directions in nanoscience and nanotechnology, with capabilities of realizing structural and functional complexity through rational design and synthesis. The exquisite control of chemical composition, morphology, structure, doping and assembly, as well as incorporation with other materials, offer a variety of nanoscale building blocks with unique properties.
Book Synopsis Engineering the Kinetics of Self Assembly of Faceted Nanoparticles by : Abhishek Kumar Sharma
Download or read book Engineering the Kinetics of Self Assembly of Faceted Nanoparticles written by Abhishek Kumar Sharma and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent developments in synthesis techniques have enabled production of colloidal nanoparticles of with intricate shapes with unprecedented precision. When put under high osmotic pressure, faceted particles can self-assemble into intricate structures that find applications in photonic and photoelectric systems. Thus, it is of engineering interest to understand design principles governing nanoparticle self-assembly. Not only can such understanding be of practical importance, but it can also reveal general principles about the way how naturally occurring systems self-assemble into complex nanostructures. In this thesis, I will discuss findings from our Monte Carlo simulations that reveal the influence of the shape of a nanoparticle on its self-assembly. We find that the way such nanoparticles are faceted has important consequences upon how quickly they self-assemble, providing us 'design rules' for the nanoparticle shape. For example, octahedral particles tend to align their facets in the disordered phase, but not in the ordered phase. Entropic preference to facet alignment in the disordered phase results in a large kinetic barrier for its disorder-order transition. In our studies of a variety of shapes (such as cubes, truncated cubes and gyrobifastigia), we have found transitions that show departures from classical nucleation that motivate development of new theories and simulation methods. Based on the geometric properties of the particle shape, such particles may also form mesophases - phases that have an intermediate degree of order between disordered and ordered phases. I will also illustrate examples of transitions to and from mesophases - and how their existence might hinder or accelerate disorder to order transitions. We studied how either a rotator mesophase or a liquid crystal forms a crystal; the former case illustrates a transition primarily involving particle reorientations with minimal translations, while the latter is an example of a transition with large particle translations with minimal reorientations. In both cases, we the structure and formation kinetics of the incipient crystalline nucleus could depart from the classical theory considerably. These results contribute to improving our current understanding of self-assembly of nanoparticles, with predictions that are suitable for experimental validation in near future.
Book Synopsis Anisotropic Nanomaterials by : Quan Li
Download or read book Anisotropic Nanomaterials written by Quan Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-09 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book anisotropic one-dimensional and two-dimensional nanoscale building blocks and their assembly into fascinating and qualitatively new functional structures embracing both hard and soft components are explained. Contributions from leading experts regarding important aspects like synthesis, assembly, properties and applications of the above materials are compiled into a reference book. The anisotropy, i.e. the direction-dependent physical properties, of materials is fascinating and elegant and has sparked the quest for anisotropic materials with useful properties. With such a curiosity, material scientists have ventured into the realm of nanometer length scale and have explored the anisotropic nanoscale building blocks such as metallic and nonmetallic particles as well as organic molecular aggregates. It turns out that the anisotropic nanoscale building blocks, in addition to direction-dependent properties, exhibit dimension and morphology dependence of physical properties. Moreover, ordered arrays of anisotropic nanoscale building blocks furnish novel properties into the resulting system which would be entirely different from the properties of individual ones. Undoubtedly, these promising properties have qualified them as enabling building blocks of 21st century materials science, nanoscience and nanotechnology. Readers will find this book professionally valuable and intellectually stimulating in the rapidly emerging area of anisotropic nanomaterials. Quan Li, Ph.D., is Director of the Organic Synthesis and Advanced Materials Laboratory at the Liquid Crystal Institute of Kent State University, where he is also Adjunct Professor in the Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program. He has directed research projects funded by US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFSOR), US Army Research Office (ARO), US Department of Defense Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (DoD MURI), US National Science Foundation (NSF), US Department of Energy (DOE), US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Ohio Third Frontier, and Samsung Electronics, among others.
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Assembly of Pt-based Nanocrystals and the Mechanism Study by : Enbo Zhu
Download or read book Synthesis and Assembly of Pt-based Nanocrystals and the Mechanism Study written by Enbo Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design and synthesis of multicomponent Pt-based nanomaterials with highly controlled structures have attracted extensive research attention, mainly due to their highly active catalytic properties. The performance enhancement of these catalytic systems largely requires the precise control over the structure with the lowest Pt amount yet high activity to mitigate the high cost of Pt-based nanomaterials. Specific surfactant molecules have been widely employed to manipulate the morphologies and assemblies of nanostructures. Thus rational designs of the surfactants become very significant. In nature, a lot of biomaterials evolved well-developed nanostructures with unique properties through long-time natural selection using biomolecules as the surfactant. Compared with traditional trial-and-error design, biomimetic design provides more rational controls leading to new synthetic design for nanostructures. In this thesis, synthesis and assembly of Pt-based nanocrystals and the mechanisms were studied. Chapter 2 introduces one-step synthesis of single-crystal PtNi octahedron with in situ developed highly concave feature and self-confined composition was studied which is optimal for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The combination of Ni facet segregation and oxygen etching of Ni-rich surface lead to the concave feature and confined Ni content. The concave PtNi nanocrystal exhibited a very high activity as well as a remarkable stability in ORR. Chapter 3-4 explores biomimetic approaches to achieve functional Pt nanostructures and their hierarchical assembly. In Chapter 3 a rational designed peptide was utilized to prepare an ultrathin Pt multiple-twinned nanowire network (MTNN) as an efficient electrocatalyst. In Chapter 4 we further demonstrate a biomimetic approach to explore the impact of higher order structures of surfactants on NC formation and alignment. Results show that at low concentration T7 peptide molecules (Ac-TLTTLTN-CONH2) form ST-turns and benefit the selective formation of cubic Pt NCs, and that -sheets favored under high concentration readily promote linear self-assembly of the cubic NCs along [100] direction. Tailoring the formation conditions of the secondary structures of biomolecules can realize better tuning of peptide concentration controlled NC behaviors via a process that is analogous to biological regulations in organisms. Great potential in regulating in vivo performance of non-biological substances and derived applications become possible.
Book Synopsis Self-assembly and Controlled Assembly of Nanoparticles by : Lisa M. Dillenback
Download or read book Self-assembly and Controlled Assembly of Nanoparticles written by Lisa M. Dillenback and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes an exploration of interactions between metal nanoparticles and new techniques for their assembly. In Chapter 2, the selfassembly of 300-nm diameter Au, Ag and bimetallic Au-Ag nanowires was studied. Upon deposition onto a glass substrate from suspension in water, the wires self-assembled into densely packed well-ordered arrays. Electrostatic repulsion between the wires was necessary to prevent their aggregation. However, van der Waals forces were a major driving force behind the assembly. This was especially apparent in the assembly of the bimetallic Au-Ag nanowires, which showed a slight non-random preference for orientational ordering. The theoretical simulations of wire assembly at different temperatures strongly indicated that the orientational ordering was driven by the difference in van der Waals attraction between the metals. Chapter 3 describes the temperature-programmed assembly of DNA:Au nanoparticle bioconjugates. In this work, the temperature of the system was manipulated in order to take advantage of temperature-dependent melting properties of the DNA. Despite a 24% loss of DNA from the nanoparticle conjugates and a 14% exchange of DNA sequences between the conjugates when heated, significant control over the order in time of the assembly of multiple DNA:Au conjugate types is demonstrated. This assembly was performed using both sandwich style hybridization systems, in which a half of linking oligonucleotide is hybridized with a DNA sequence on one conjugate type and the other half is hybridized with a sequence on a second conjugate type, as well as with directly complementary hybridization systems. The conjugate types in the resulting assemblies were characterized both by gel electrophoresis and by monitoring the visible absorbance of the conjugate suspensions upon the addition of oligonucleotides complementary to those on the conjugates. In Chapter 4, initial experiments were performed to investigate the feasibility of an on-wire lithography method to fabricate Au nanowires with functionally distinct sides. Conditions for the selective etching of Ni and Ag were determined. The addition of two thiolated DNA sequences, as well as the use of two different DNA attachment chemistries, was explored. Silica-coated Au nanowires with one exposed Au end were synthesized, and Au nanoparticles were electrostatically assembled on the Au end of these wires. The Appendix describes the development of three desktop laboratory experiments for an undergraduate transition metal chemistry course. In a molecular symmetry lab, students used Dots and toothpicks to build molecular models and improve their visualization of symmetry elements. An electronic spectroscopy lab strengthened students' ability to relate ligand field strength and selection rules with the electronic absorption spectra of transition metal complexes. A ligand exchange lab demonstrated the concepts of relative formation constants and the chelate effect. Preliminary assessment to determine the effectiveness of the labs was also performed.
Book Synopsis Metal Nanoparticles in Microbiology by : Mahendra Rai
Download or read book Metal Nanoparticles in Microbiology written by Mahendra Rai and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-02 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following an introduction to biogenic metal nanoparticles, this book presents how they can be biosynthesized using bacteria, fungi and yeast, as well as their potential applications in biomedicine. It is shown that the synthesis of nanoparticles using microbes is eco-friendly and results in reproducible metal nanoparticles of well-defined sizes, shapes and structures. This biotechnological approach based on the process of biomineralization exploits the effectiveness and flexibility of biological systems. Chapters include practical protocols for microbial synthesis of nanoparticles and microbial screening methods for isolating a specific nanoparticle producer as well as reviews on process optimization, industrial scale production, biomolecule-nanoparticle interactions, magnetosomes, silver nanoparticles and their numerous applications in medicine, and the application of gold nanoparticles in developing sensitive biosensors.
Book Synopsis Nanomaterials Chemistry by : C. N. R. Rao
Download or read book Nanomaterials Chemistry written by C. N. R. Rao and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-09-24 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With this handbook, the distinguished team of editors has combined the expertise of leading nanomaterials scientists to provide the latest overview of this field. They cover the whole spectrum of nanomaterials, ranging from theory, synthesis, properties, characterization to application, including such new developments as quantum dots, nanoparticles, nanoporous materials, nanowires, nanotubes, and nanostructured polymers. The result is recommended reading for everybody working in nanoscience: Newcomers to the field can acquaint themselves with this exciting subject, while specialists will find answers to all their questions as well as helpful suggestions for further research.
Book Synopsis Metal Oxide Nanoparticles, 2 Volume Set by : Oliver Diwald
Download or read book Metal Oxide Nanoparticles, 2 Volume Set written by Oliver Diwald and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 903 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal Oxide Nanoparticles A complete nanoparticle resource for chemists and industry professionals Metal oxide nanoparticles are integral to a wide range of natural and technological processes—from mineral transformation to electronics. Additionally, the fields of engineering, electronics, energy technology, and electronics all utilize metal oxide nanoparticle powders. Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Formation, Functional Properties, and Interfaces presents readers with the most relevant synthesis and formulation approaches for using metal oxide nanoparticles as functional materials. It covers common processing routes and the assessment of physical and chemical particle properties through comprehensive and complementary characterization methods. This book will serve as an introduction to nanoparticle formulation, their interface chemistry and functional properties at the nanoscale. It will also act as an in-depth resource, sharing detailed information on advanced approaches to the physical, chemical, surface, and interface characterization of metal oxide nanoparticle powders and dispersions. Addresses the application of metal oxide nanoparticles and its economic impact Examines particle synthesis, including the principles of selected bottom-up strategies Explores nanoparticle formulation—a selection of processing and application routes Discusses the significance of particle surfaces and interfaces on structure formation, stability and functional materials properties Covers metal oxide nanoparticle characterization at different length scales With this valuable resource, academic researchers, industrial chemists, and PhD students can all gain insight into the synthesis, properties, and applications of metal oxide nanoparticles.
Book Synopsis Nanoparticulate Materials by : Kathy Lu
Download or read book Nanoparticulate Materials written by Kathy Lu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-25 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Serving as the only systematic and comprehensive treatment on the topic of nanoparticle-based materials, this book covers synthesis, characterization, assembly, shaping and sintering of all types of nanoparticles including metals, ceramics, and semiconductors. A single-authored work, it is suitable as a graduate-level text in nanomaterials courses.
