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Author : Susan Clarke Gettys Larson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book The Study of Membrane Fouling During Ultrafiltration of Milk written by Susan Clarke Gettys Larson and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael Anthony Rudan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Membrane Fouling During Ultrafiltration of Milk written by Michael Anthony Rudan and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Malcolm Wayne Hickey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (223 download)
Download or read book Characterization of Membrane Fouling During Ultrafiltration and Reverse Osmosis in Dairy Industry Applications written by Malcolm Wayne Hickey and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael Corey Adams
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 137 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (798 download)
Download or read book Examination of Methods to Reduce Membrane Fouling During Dairy Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration written by Michael Corey Adams and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pressure-driven membrane filtration processes such as microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), and reverse osmosis (RO) provide opportunities for the dairy industry to better utilize milk by separating its components based on size. However, widespread adoption of some of these processes has yet to be realized due to membrane fouling. Membrane fouling is the accumulation of soil, or foulant, on the surface or within the pores of a membrane. Fouling prolongs processing times, increases energy and cleaning costs, decreases separation efficiency, and, in severe cases, may lead to irreversible clogging of the membrane. Microfiltration can be used to remove serum proteins (SP) from skim milk. The process' SP removal efficiency directly influences the technology's financial feasibility. Our first objective was to quantify the capacity of 0.14 [MICRO SIGN]m ceramic Isoflux MF membranes to remove SP from skim milk. The Isoflux membranes' manufacturer claims that using these membranes will reduce localized membrane fouling at the inlet end of the membrane that results from using high cross-flow velocities (5 - 7 m/s) to mitigate overall membrane fouling. Contrary to theoretical cumulative SP removal percentages of 68%, 90%, and 97% after 1, 2, and 3 stages of 3X MF processing, respectively, the 3X Isoflux process removed only 39.5%, 58.4%, and 70.2% after 1, 2, and 3 stages, respectively. Several design aspects of the membrane are thought to have resulted in this inefficiency. Ultrafiltration can be used to concentrate SP and reduce the lactose content of cheese whey or MF permeate of skim milk to produce 80% whey protein concentrates (WPC80) or 80% serum protein concentrates (SPC80), respectively. The objectives of our second study were to determine if adding annatto color to milk or bleaching whey or MF permeate of skim milk with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or benzoyl peroxide (BPO) influenced UF flux, diafiltration flux, or membrane fouling during production of WPC80 or SPC80. Addition of annatto color to milk had no effect on flux or fouling. Bleaching with or without added color increased flux during processing. Bleaching with H2O2 produced higher flux than bleaching with BPO. While bleaching with BPO reduced membrane fouling during WPC80 production, it did not impact membrane fouling during SPC80 production. Bleaching with H2O2 led to the largest reduction in fouling for both production processes.
Author : Anil Kumar Pabby
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466555580
Total Pages : 868 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Membrane Separations written by Anil Kumar Pabby and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-04-09 with total page 868 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Membrane Separations: Chemical, Pharmaceutical, Food, and Biotechnological Applications, Second Edition provides detailed information on membrane separation technologies from an international team of experts. The handbook fills an important gap in the current literature by providing a comprehensive discussion of membrane application
Author : Jennifer Marietta Pittenger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (349 download)
Download or read book The Role of Milk Proteins in Membrane Fouling and Flux Decline During the Ultrafiltration of Dairy Fluids written by Jennifer Marietta Pittenger and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Adnan Y. Tamime
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1444333372
Total Pages : 389 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)
Download or read book Membrane Processing written by Adnan Y. Tamime and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-18 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book extensively reviews the dairy, beverage and distilled spirits applications of membrane processing techniques. The four main techniques of membrane filtration are covered: microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis. The book is divided into four informal sections. The first part provides an overview of membrane technology, including the main scientific principles; the major membrane types and their construction; cleaning and disinfection; and historical development. The second part focuses on dairy applications including liquid and fermented milks; cheese; whey; and milk concentrates. The third part of the book addresses beverage applications including mineral waters, fruit juices and sports drinks, and the final part looks at membrane filtration in the production of beers, wines and spirits.
Author : H. G. Ramachandra Rao
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (61 download)
Download or read book Studies on Flux Pattern and Fouling of Membranes During Ultrafiltration of Some Dairy Products written by H. G. Ramachandra Rao and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lisbeth Meunier-Goddik
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Milk Ultrafiltration written by Lisbeth Meunier-Goddik and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Fouling and Cleaning in Pressure Driven Membrane Processes written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Teng Ju Tan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (876 download)
Download or read book Membrane Fouling in Cold Microfiltration of Skim Milk written by Teng Ju Tan and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microfiltration (MF) can effectively remove microorganisms and somatic cells from milk, increasing the safety and shelf life of milk and dairy products. The main challenge in MF is membrane fouling, which leads to a significant decline in permeate flux over time. This work aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of membrane fouling in cold (6°C) MF of skim milk and optimize a CO2 backpulsing technique that can diminish membrane fouling by physically removing the foulant from the membrane surface. Using 3 injection ports, a CO2 injection frequency of 120 s and an injection duration of 1 s, a permeate flux of 30.02 ± 0.48 L/m2h was obtained after 3 h of MF at a cross-flow velocity of 3.8 m/s, as compared to 25.85 ± 0.99 L/m2h for the control. Additionally, a smaller drop in flux was observed for the optimized CO2 backpulsing process (15.57% after 3 h) as compared to the control (29.83% after 3 h). When MF was conducted at 6 m/s, the permeate flux after 3 h was 82.32 ± 4.42 L/m2h for MF with CO2 backpulsing, as compared to 71.39 ± 4.21 L/m2h for the control. MF with CO2 backpulsing also resulted in a higher transmission of total solids and protein than the control MF. A systematic investigation of the mechanisms of membrane fouling was conducted by identifying the proteins and minerals in four foulant streams: weakly attached external foulants (We), weakly attached internal foulants (Wi), strongly attached external foulants (Se), and strongly attached internal foulants (Si). The foulants were evaluated both after MF (without and with CO2 backpulsing) and after a brief contact between the membrane and milk (adsorption study). The concentration of minerals was very small in all foulant streams, below 2.5 ppm, and likely they do not contribute significantly to membrane fouling in cold MF. Proteomics analysis showed that all major milk proteins were present in all foulant streams. In adsorption trial, [alpha]lactalbumin level in We was higher than in milk, which indicates an affinity of this protein for the membrane material. The serum proteins [alpha]-lactalbumin and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were found in a higher proportion in the "weakly attached" fractions (We and Wi) from the instantaneous adsorption study as compared to the control MF (without CO2 backpulsing), which suggests that caseins were mainly introduced into the fouling layer when transmembrane pressure was applied. Casein concentration did not increase in the foulants from CO2 backpulsing MF, despite the localized decrease in pH caused by the contact with CO 2. More significantly, CO2 backpulsing reduced the total protein concentration in We, with 52.98 ± 4.87 [mu]g/mL for CO2 backpulsing MF as compared to 62.20 ± 10.13 [mu]g/mL for control MF. Overall, the data indicates that CO2 backpulsing resulted in less weakly attached external foulants and possibly less loosely deposited materials on the membrane surface as compared to control MF, which improved permeation through the membrane. The knowledge generated in this study could be used to identify solutions to further minimize membrane fouling and increase the efficiency of milk MF. The CO2 backpulsing technique could be an efficient and affordable solution to mitigate fouling, and is also applicable to other cold membrane filtration processes, such as the MF of juice or beer.
Author : Munir Cheryan
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 148227874X
Total Pages : 549 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)
Download or read book Ultrafiltration and Microfiltration Handbook written by Munir Cheryan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1998-01-26 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soon after its publication in 1987, the first edition of Ultrafiltration Handbook became recognized as the leading handbook on ultrafiltration technology. Reviews in professional journals praised it as an authoritative and substantive information resource on this technology. Now a completely, updated and expanded edition is available under the titl
Author : Zeman
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351431501
Total Pages : 654 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)
Download or read book Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration written by Zeman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrates knowledge on microfiltration and ultrification, membrane chemistry, and characterization methods with the engineering and economic aspects of device performance, device and module design, processes, and applications. The text provides a discussion of membrane fundamentals and an analytical framework for designing and developing new filtrations systems for a broad range of technologically important functions. It offers information on membrane liquid precursors, fractal and stochastic pore space analysis, novel and advanced module designs, and original process design calculations.
Author : Kang Hu
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118590082
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (185 download)
Download or read book Membrane Processing for Dairy Ingredient Separation written by Kang Hu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-01 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane processing is a filtration technique in which particles are separated from liquids by being forced through a porous material, or membrane. Applied to dairy products, the separation techniques allow valuable compounds, found in milk, to be isolated for use as ingredients in food processing. A comprehensive overview of membrane separation processes, this book explores various applications such as pressure driven processes, electrical field driven processes, and concentration driven processes, for the recovery of various dairy streams and ingredients. The topics covered place emphasis on new applications, including microfiltration, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, and pervaporation. The text also presents in-depth knowledge of the mechanisms of each membrane separation process, as well as membrane types and the equipment used in these processes. Combining their educational backgrounds and substantial industrial experience in dairy ingredients processes, the authors address cutting-edge technologies that have been thoroughly researched and have great potential to be commercialized in the near future. The book will therefore be of interest to dairy industry professionals and will serve as a source of reference material for professors and students in food science and engineering.
Author : Jan-Lennart Nilsson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (186 download)
Download or read book A Study of Ultrafiltration Membrane Fouling written by Jan-Lennart Nilsson and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Enrico Drioli
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783662443231
Total Pages : 1100 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (432 download)
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Membranes written by Enrico Drioli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-14 with total page 1100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A landmark work covering the major aspects of the science, technology and application of membrane operations and related fields, from basic phenomena to the most advanced applications and future perspectives. Over 1500 concise entries in an A-Z format cover a vibrant field with a multitude of applications in diverse disciplines such as biotechnology, medicine, agro-food and petrochemical industries, environmental protection, as well as drinking water supply. Coverage includes membrane reactors and catalytic design (catalytic membrane reactors). Practically all unit operations of process engineering can be redesigned as membrane unit operations (e. g. membrane distillation, membrane crystallization, membrane stripping, membrane scrubbing). Entries are provided by an international team of experts from academia, research institutions as well as from industry.
Author : Koon Hoong Teh
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118876210
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (188 download)
Download or read book Biofilms in the Dairy Industry written by Koon Hoong Teh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-08-31 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the formation and impacts of biofilms on dairy manufacturing have been studied extensively, from the effects of microbial enzymes produced during transportation of raw milk to the mechanisms of biofilm formation by thermophilic spore-forming bacteria. The dairy industry now has a better understanding of biofilms and of approaches that may be adopted to reduce the impacts that biofilms have on manufacturing efficiencies and the quality of dairy products. Biofilms in the Dairy Industry provides a comprehensive overview of biofilm-related issues facing the dairy sector. The book is a cornerstone for a better understanding of the current science and of ways to reduce the occurrence of biofilms associated with dairy manufacturing. The introductory section covers the definition and basic concepts of biofilm formation and development, and provides an overview of problems caused by the occurrence of biofilms along the dairy manufacturing chain. The second section of the book focuses on specific biofilm-related issues, including the quality of raw milk influenced by biofilms, biofilm formation by thermoduric streptococci and thermophilic spore-forming bacteria in dairy manufacturing plants, the presence of pathogens in biofilms, and biofilms associated with dairy waste effluent. The final section of the book looks at the application of modelling approaches to control biofilms. Potential solutions for reducing contamination throughout the dairy manufacturing chain are also presented. Essential to professionals in the global dairy sector, Biofilms in the Dairy Industry will be of great interest to anyone in the food and beverage, academic and government sectors. This text is specifically targeted at dairy professionals who aim to improve the quality and consistency of dairy products and improve the efficiency of dairy product manufacture through optimizing the use of dairy manufacturing plant and reducing operating costs.
