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The Study Of Cirrus Clouds Using Airborne And Satellite Data
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Book Synopsis The Study of Cirrus Clouds Using Airborne and Satellite Data by : Kerry Glynne Meyer
Download or read book The Study of Cirrus Clouds Using Airborne and Satellite Data written by Kerry Glynne Meyer and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cirrus clouds are known to play a key role in the earth's radiation budget, yet are one of the most uncertain components of the earth-atmosphere system. With the development of instruments such as the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) and the Moderate-resolution Infrared Spectroradiometer (MODIS), scientists now have an unprecedented ability to study cirrus clouds. To aid in the understanding of such clouds, a significant study of cirrus radiative properties has been undertaken. This research is composed of three parts: 1) the retrieval of tropical cirrus optical thickness using MODIS level-1b calibrated radiance data, 2) a survey of tropical cirrus cloud cover, including seasonal variations, using MODIS level-3 global daily gridded data, and 3) the simultaneous retrieval of cirrus optical thickness and ice crystal effective diameter using AVIRIS reflectance measurements.
Book Synopsis Airborne Measurements and Observations in Cirrus Clouds by : Peter Victor Hobbs
Download or read book Airborne Measurements and Observations in Cirrus Clouds written by Peter Victor Hobbs and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fourteen case studies of airborne measurements in cirrus clouds are described. For each case information is given on the location of the flight, the synoptic situation (with accompanying satellite IR and visible photographs), the types, sizes and mass concentrations of ice particles in the clouds, and the distribution of the ice mass concentration among particle sizes at different altitudes. From simultaneous measurements of ice mass concentrations and ice particle number concentrations, mean ice particle masses are derived: They range from about 0.3 to 30 micrograms. Low number concentrations of ice particles are generally associated with low ice mass concentrations and high number concentrations with high mass concentrations. The total ice mass concentrations in cirrus clouds generally increase with increasing temperature. Maximum values of the total ice mass concentration did not exceed the atmospheric water vapor content for water saturated conditions (about 0.1 and 1.0 g/cubic meter at -45 and -20C respectively) except when the cirrus originated from cumulonimbus tops.
Book Synopsis On the Use of Ground-based, Aircraft and Satellite Data for the Study of Cirrus Clouds by : Yuying Zhang
Download or read book On the Use of Ground-based, Aircraft and Satellite Data for the Study of Cirrus Clouds written by Yuying Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa Publisher :Independently Published ISBN 13 :9781723942761 Total Pages :92 pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (427 download)
Book Synopsis Analysis of Cirrus Cloud Microphysical Data by : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Download or read book Analysis of Cirrus Cloud Microphysical Data written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-09-23 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The First International Satellite Cloud Climatology Regional Experiment (FIRE) program has the goal of improving our capabilities to understand, model and detect the properties of climatically-important clouds. This is being undertaken through a three-pronged effort of modeling, long-term observations and short-term intensive field studies. Through examination of satellite and other data it is apparent that stratus and cirrus cloud types have the greatest impact on climate due to their radiative effects and ubiquitous nature. As a result, the FIRE program has developed two paths of investigation, each having its own subset of research objectives and measurement programs. The work conducted under this grant was directed toward furthering our understanding of cirrus cloud systems. While it is known that cirrus are climatically important, the magnitude and even sign of the impact is unclear. Cirrus clouds affect the transfer of radiation according to their physical depth and location in the atmosphere and their microphysical composition. However, significant uncertainties still exist in how cirrus clouds form and how they are maintained, what their physical properties are and how they can be parameterized in numerical models. Better remote sensing techniques for monitoring cirrus cloud systems and improved modeling of radiative transfer through ice particles are also needed. A critical element in resolving these issues is a better understanding of cirrus cloud microphysical properties and how they vary. The focus of the research to be conducted under this grant was th data collected in situ by the University of North Dakota Citation aircraft. The goals of this research were to add to the body of knowledge of cirrus cloud microphysics, particularly at the small end of the size spectrum; and analyze the spatial variation of cirrus clouds.Poellot, Michael R. and Grainger, Cedric A.Langley Research CenterCIRRUS CLOUDS; REMOTE SENSING; CLOUD PHYSICS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; IS
Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Aerosols, Clouds, and Precipitation by : Tanvir Islam
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Aerosols, Clouds, and Precipitation written by Tanvir Islam and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-10-18 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote Sensing of Aerosols, Clouds, and Precipitation compiles recent advances in aerosol, cloud, and precipitation remote sensing from new satellite observations. The book examines a wide range of measurements from microwave (both active and passive), visible, and infrared portions of the spectrum. Contributors are experts conducting state-of-the-art research in atmospheric remote sensing using space, airborne, and ground-based datasets, focusing on supporting earth observation satellite missions for aerosol, cloud, and precipitation studies. A handy reference for scientists working in remote sensing, earth science, electromagnetics, climate physics, and space engineering. Valuable for operational forecasters, meteorologists, geospatial experts, modelers, and policymakers alike. - Presents new approaches in the field, along with further research opportunities, based on the latest satellite data - Focuses on how remote sensing systems can be designed/developed to solve outstanding problems in earth and atmospheric sciences - Edited by a dynamic team of editors with a mixture of highly skilled and qualified authors offering world-leading expertise in the field
Book Synopsis Coral Reef Remote Sensing by : James A. Goodman
Download or read book Coral Reef Remote Sensing written by James A. Goodman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote sensing stands as the defining technology in our ability to monitor coral reefs, as well as their biophysical properties and associated processes, at regional to global scales. With overwhelming evidence that much of Earth’s reefs are in decline, our need for large-scale, repeatable assessments of reefs has never been so great. Fortunately, the last two decades have seen a rapid expansion in the ability for remote sensing to map and monitor the coral reef ecosystem, its overlying water column, and surrounding environment. Remote sensing is now a fundamental tool for the mapping, monitoring and management of coral reef ecosystems. Remote sensing offers repeatable, quantitative assessments of habitat and environmental characteristics over spatially extensive areas. As the multi-disciplinary field of coral reef remote sensing continues to mature, results demonstrate that the techniques and capabilities continue to improve. New developments allow reef assessments and mapping to be performed with higher accuracy, across greater spatial areas, and with greater temporal frequency. The increased level of information that remote sensing now makes available also allows more complex scientific questions to be addressed. As defined for this book, remote sensing includes the vast array of geospatial data collected from land, water, ship, airborne and satellite platforms. The book is organized by technology, including: visible and infrared sensing using photographic, multispectral and hyperspectral instruments; active sensing using light detection and ranging (LiDAR); acoustic sensing using ship, autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) and in-water platforms; and thermal and radar instruments. Emphasis and Audience This book serves multiple roles. It offers an overview of the current state-of-the-art technologies for reef mapping, provides detailed technical information for coral reef remote sensing specialists, imparts insight on the scientific questions that can be tackled using this technology, and also includes a foundation for those new to reef remote sensing. The individual sections of the book include introductory overviews of four main types of remotely sensed data used to study coral reefs, followed by specific examples demonstrating practical applications of the different technologies being discussed. Guidelines for selecting the most appropriate sensor for particular applications are provided, including an overview of how to utilize remote sensing data as an effective tool in science and management. The text is richly illustrated with examples of each sensing technology applied to a range of scientific, monitoring and management questions in reefs around the world. As such, the book is broadly accessible to a general audience, as well as students, managers, remote sensing specialists and anyone else working with coral reef ecosystems.
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781725112667 Total Pages :28 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (126 download)
Book Synopsis Analysis of Cirrus Optical Properties with Data from NASA Er2 High-Resolution Interferometer Sounder (His) by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Analysis of Cirrus Optical Properties with Data from NASA Er2 High-Resolution Interferometer Sounder (His) written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-16 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 8 to 13 micron spectral region is an important atmospheric window for radiometric studies of the Earth's surface and clouds. Most of the Earth-atmosphere longwave radiative loss to space occurs in this spectral region. Selective gaseous absorption in this window occurs in the 9.6 micron ozone band with the remaining absorption dominated by the water vapor continuum. Cirrus clouds have a large impact on the transmittance of this atmospheric window region; it is therefore important to understand the interaction of cirrus cloud with the radiation field for climate studies and in the interpretation of satellite radiometric measurements. The focus was to employ observations of the High-resolution Interferometer Sounder (HIS) made during First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) to improve the understanding of the radiative properties of cirrus clouds within this window region. Studies were undertaken to investigate the coupling between the microphysical properties of cirrus clouds and their spectral variation within this window region. Extensions of the HIS studies to satellite measurements, with regards to remote sensing and interpretation, were also investigated. Smith, William L. and Ackerman, Steven A. Unspecified Center NASA-CR-186365, NAS 1.26:186365 NAG1-1015...
Download or read book Cirrus written by David K. Lynch and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002-01-24 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cirrus clouds are high, thin, tropospheric clouds composed predominately of ice. In the last ten years, considerable work has shown that cirrus is widespread--more common than previously believed--and has a significant impact on climate and global change. As the next generation weather satellites are being designed, the impact of cirrus on remote sensing and the global energy budget must be recognized and accommodated. This book, the first to be devoted entirely to cirrus clouds, captures the state of knowledge of cirrus and serves as a practical handbook as well. Each chapter is based on an invited review talk presented at Cirrus, a meeting hosted by the Optical Society of America and co-sponsored by the American Geophysical Union and the American Meteorological Society. All aspects of cirrus clouds are covered, an approach that reaches into diverse fields. Topics include: the definition of cirrus, cirrus climatologies, nucleation, evolution and dissipation, mixed-phase thermodynamics, crystallinity, orientation mechanisms, dynamics, scattering, radiative transfer, in situ sampling, processes that produce or influence cirrus (and vice versa), contrails, and the influence of cirrus on climate.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Light Scattering by Ice Crystals by : Kuo-Nan Liou
Download or read book Light Scattering by Ice Crystals written by Kuo-Nan Liou and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-10-06 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume outlines the fundamentals and applications of light scattering, absorption and polarization processes involving ice crystals.
Download or read book NASA Technical Memorandum written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ice Water Content and Reflectivity Retrieval from Cirrus Clouds Using Millimeter-wave Radar and In-situ Ice Crystal Airborne Data by : José Morales Fernández
Download or read book Ice Water Content and Reflectivity Retrieval from Cirrus Clouds Using Millimeter-wave Radar and In-situ Ice Crystal Airborne Data written by José Morales Fernández and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Airborne Remote Sounding of Cirrus Cloud Parameters Using ARES Channel Data by : Phillips Laboratory
Download or read book Airborne Remote Sounding of Cirrus Cloud Parameters Using ARES Channel Data written by Phillips Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results of the phase function, single scattering albedos, and extinction coefficients for three representative cirrus cloud ice crystal size distributions are presented for the Airborne Remote Earth Sensing (ARES) System 2-6.4 microns wavelengths. The ice crystal sizes range from 5 to 800 microns with shapes spanning from bullet rosettes, hollow and solid columns, plates, to aggregates. The computations are carried out on the basis of a unified theory for light scattering by ice crystals recently developed by our research group. Effects of incorporating small ice crystals on the scattering and absorption calculations are assessed. An airborne retrieval algorithm to infer cirrus cloud temperature, optical depth, and mean effective sizes is subsequently presented using the ARES 5.1-5.3 and 3.7 microns channels data. This scheme has been applied to the ARES data collected on September 16, 1995, over the Hanscom AFB area. Validation of the retrieved cloud temperature, optical depth, and mean effective size is carried out using the collocated and coincident ground-based 8.6-mm radar data and in-situ size distributions from the 2D probe on board HARP.
Author :National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher :Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN 13 :9781722338466 Total Pages :38 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (384 download)
Book Synopsis Lidar Cloud Studies for Fire and Eclips by : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Download or read book Lidar Cloud Studies for Fire and Eclips written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-05 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical remote sensing measurements of cirrus cloud properties were collected by one airborne and four ground-based lidar systems over a 32 h period during this case study from the First ISCCP (International Satellite Cloud Climatology Program) Regional Experiment (FIRE) Intensive Field Observation (IFO) program. The lidar systems were variously equipped to collect linear depolarization, intrinsically calibrated backscatter, and Doppler velocity information. Data presented describe the temporal evolution and spatial distribution of cirrus clouds over an area encompassing southern and central Wisconsin. The cirrus cloud types include: dissipating subvisual and thin fibrous cirrus cloud bands, an isolated mesoscale uncinus complex (MUC), a large-scale deep cloud that developed into an organized cirrus structure within the lidar array, and a series of intensifying mesoscale cirrus cloud masses. Although the cirrus frequently developed in the vertical from particle fall-streaks emanating from generating regions at or near cloud tops, glaciating supercooled (-30 to -35 C) altocumulus clouds contributed to the production of ice mass at the base of the deep cirrus cloud, apparently even through riming, and other mechanisms involving evaporation, wave motions, and radiative effects are indicated. The generating regions ranged in scale from approximately 1.0 km cirrus uncinus cells, to organized MUC structures up to approximately 120 km across. Sassen, Kenneth and Grund, Christian J. and Spinhirne, James D. and Hardesty, Michael and Alvarez, James Goddard Space Flight Center; Langley Research Center NAG1-868...
Book Synopsis Investigating Cirrus Cloud Behavior Using A-Train and Geostationary Satellite Data by : Elizabeth Berry
Download or read book Investigating Cirrus Cloud Behavior Using A-Train and Geostationary Satellite Data written by Elizabeth Berry and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cirrus Particle Distribution Study by : Donald J. Varley
Download or read book Cirrus Particle Distribution Study written by Donald J. Varley and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cirrus particle distribution data are presented for a flight that was made by the AFGL instrumented MC-130E aircraft near Denver, Colorado on 29 October 1977. The data were gathered in support of an Air Force Weapons Laboratory project. The report briefly describes some previous cirrus research and also outlines the basic cloud physics instrumentation aboard the aircraft, particularly the PMS 1-D and 2-D spectrometer equipment. Data averages are given for consecutive 30-sec periods during a 27-min flight through varying thicknesses of cirrus clouds. Besides tabular data, graphs are presented that show the temporal variations of liquid water content and particle concentration as a function of size. The 2-D data indicated most of the cirrus particles were not recognizable according to any standard classification system, although many were bullet rosettes. (Author).
Book Synopsis Retrieval of Cirrus Radiative and Spatial Properties Using Independent Satellite Data Analysis Techniques by :
Download or read book Retrieval of Cirrus Radiative and Spatial Properties Using Independent Satellite Data Analysis Techniques written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cirrus is one of the most poorly quantified clouds. As a part of International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP), intensive observations of cirrus clouds were taken in the autumn of 1986 over Wisconsin. During this First ISCCP Regional Experiment Cirrus Intensive Field Observation (FIRE Cirrus IFO), coordinated measurements from satellite, aircraft, and ground-based platforms were made of cirrus clouds. This paper deals with the verification of cirrus cloud information, both spatial and radiative, obtained for a 1986 FIRE cloud scene using measurements from two independent sensors onboard the NOAA-9 polar orbiting satellite. In addition to the wide variability in properties common for other types of clouds, cirrus clouds have the added complexity of transmissivity t values that span the entire possible domain 0 = t= 1. Thus, uncertainties exist in thin cirrus cloud amount, altitude, thickness, and optical properties as retrieved from satellite because the measured cirrus signal is affected additionally by an unknown radiation component from below.
