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The Sovereign Bank Nexus In Emerging Markets In The Wake Of The Covid 19 Pandemic
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Book Synopsis The Sovereign-Bank Nexus in Emerging Markets in the Wake of the COVID-19 Pandemic by : Andrea Deghi
Download or read book The Sovereign-Bank Nexus in Emerging Markets in the Wake of the COVID-19 Pandemic written by Andrea Deghi and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-11-11 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought the relationship between sovereigns and banks—the so-called sovereign-bank nexus—in emerging market economies to the fore as bank holdings of domestic sovereign debt have surged. This paper examines the empirical relevance of this nexus to assess how it could amplify macro-financial stability risks. The findings show that an increase in sovereign credit risk can adversely affect banks’ balance sheets and credit supply, especially in countries with less-well-capitalized banking systems. Sovereign distress can also impact banks indirectly through the nonfinancial corporate sector by constraining their funding and reducing their capital expenditure. Notably, the effects on banks and corporates are strongly nonlinear in the size of the sovereign distress.
Book Synopsis Managing the Sovereign-Bank Nexus by : Mr.Giovanni Dell'Ariccia
Download or read book Managing the Sovereign-Bank Nexus written by Mr.Giovanni Dell'Ariccia and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-09-07 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews empirical and theoretical work on the links between banks and their governments (the bank-sovereign nexus). How significant is this nexus? What do we know about it? To what extent is it a source of concern? What is the role of policy intervention? The paper concludes with a review of recent policy proposals.
Book Synopsis Global Financial Stability Report, April 2022 by : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND.
Download or read book Global Financial Stability Report, April 2022 written by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-04-19 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 1 looks at the implications of the war in Ukraine on the financial system. Commodity prices pose challenging trade-offs for central banks. Many emerging and frontier markets are facing especially difficult conditions. In China, financial vulnerabilities remain elevated amid ongoing stress in the property sector and new COVID-19 outbreaks. Central banks should act decisively to prevent inflation from becoming entrenched without jeopardizing the recovery. Policymakers will need to confront the structural issues brought to the fore by the war, including the trade-off between energy security and climate transition. Chapter 2 discusses the sovereign-bank nexus in emerging markets. Bank holdings of domestic sovereign bonds have surged in emerging markets during the pandemic. With public debt at historically high levels and the sovereign credit outlook deteriorating, there is a risk of a negative feedback loop that could threaten macro-financial stability. Chapter 3 examines the challenges to financial stability posed by the rapid rise of risky business segments in fintech. Policies that target both fintech firms and incumbent banks proportionately are needed.
Book Synopsis COVID-19: How Will European Banks Fare? by : Mr.Shekhar Aiyar
Download or read book COVID-19: How Will European Banks Fare? written by Mr.Shekhar Aiyar and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-03-26 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper evaluates the impact of the crisis on European banks’ capital under a range of macroeconomic scenarios, using granular data on the size and riskiness of sectoral exposures. The analysis incorporates the important role of pandemic-related policy support, including not only regulatory relief for banks, but also policies to support businesses and households, which act to shield the financial sector from the real economic shock.
Book Synopsis COVID-19 and Emerging Markets by : Cem Çakmaklı
Download or read book COVID-19 and Emerging Markets written by Cem Çakmaklı and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: We quantify the macroeconomic effects of COVID-19 for a small open economy by calibrating a SIR-multi-sector-macro model to Turkey. Sectoral supply shocks are based on the proximity requirements in each sector and the ability to work from home. Physical proximity determines the supply shock through its effect on infection rates. Sectoral demand shocks incorporate domestic and foreign demand, both of which adjust with infection rates. We calibrate demand shocks during COVID-19 using real-time credit card purchase data. Our results show that the optimal policy, which yields the lowest economic cost and saves the maximum number of lives, can be achieved under a full lockdown of 39 days. Economic costs are much larger for an open economy as the shocks are amplified through the international production network. A decline in foreign demand leads to losses in domestic sectors through international input-output linkages, accounting for a third of the total output loss. In addition, the reduction in capital flows deprives the network from its trade financing needs, where sectors with larger external finance needs experience larger losses. The policy options are limited given sparse fiscal resources to fight the pandemic domestically, while serving the external debt. We present historical evidence from 2001 crisis of Turkey, when fiscal, monetary and exchange rate policies were employed altogether to deal with a triple crisis of balance of payments, banking, and sovereign debt
Book Synopsis West African Economic and Monetary Union by : International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Download or read book West African Economic and Monetary Union written by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-04-17 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: West African Economic and Monetary Union: Selected Issues
Book Synopsis Central Banking in a Post-Pandemic World by : Mustafa Yağcı
Download or read book Central Banking in a Post-Pandemic World written by Mustafa Yağcı and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-08-25 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the urgent need to examine central bank policies in response to the global supply and demand shock brought on by the Covid-19 pandemic, asking whether central banks are doing enough to address inequalities and concerns around climate change and emerging technologies. Adopting an interdisciplinary, critical perspective, the contributors to this volume provide novel theoretical, methodological, and empirical insights on central banks around the world, including in advanced, emerging and developing economies. The chapters in this book explore the evolution of central bank mandates, the policy tools central banks are utilizing, why and how monetary policy takes different shapes (including unconventional monetary policy), the key dynamics influencing central bank policies, how central banks are adapting to the new realities and addressing emerging challenges, and how monetary policy is perceived in the wider economic policy framework. With novel theoretical approaches and diverse empirical evidence from a variety of countries, this book will appeal to readers interested in central banking, monetary policy, the economics of the pandemic and political economy.
Book Synopsis Financial Stability in a Higher-for-Longer Interest Rate Environment The Case of the Middle East and North Africa by : Mr. Adrian Alter
Download or read book Financial Stability in a Higher-for-Longer Interest Rate Environment The Case of the Middle East and North Africa written by Mr. Adrian Alter and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-04-05 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper assesses the state and resilience of corporate and banking sectors in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) in a “higher-for-longer” interest rate environment using granular micro data to conduct the first cross-country corporate and banking sector stress tests for the MENA region. The results suggest that corporate sector debt at risk may increase sizably from 12 to 30 percent of total corporate debt. Banking systems would be broadly resilient in an adverse scenario featuring higher interest rates, corporate sector stress, and rising liquidity pressures with Tier-1 capital ratios declining by 2.3 percentage points in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and 4.0 percentage points in non-GCC MENA countries. In the cross-section of banks, there are pockets of vulnerabilities as banks with higher ex-ante vulnerabilities and state-owned banks suffer greater losses. While manageable, the capital losses in the adverse scenario could limit lending and adversely impact growth.
Book Synopsis Macroeconomic Developments and Prospects For Low-Income Countries—2024 by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Macroeconomic Developments and Prospects For Low-Income Countries—2024 written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-04-02 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The outlook for Low-Income Countries (LICs) is gradually improving, but they face persistent macroeconomic vulnerabilities, including liquidity challenges due to high debt service. There is significant heterogeneity among LICs: the poorest and most fragile countries have faced deep scarring from the pandemic, while those with diversified economies and Frontier Markets are faring better. Achieving inclusive growth and building resilience are essential for LICs to converge with more advanced economies and meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Building resilience will also be critical in the context of a more shock-prone world. This requires both decisive domestic actions, including expanding and better targeting Social Safety Nets (SSNs), and substantial external support, including adequate financing, policy advice, capacity development and, where needed, debt relief. The Fund is further stepping up its support through targeted policy advice, capacity building, and financing.
Book Synopsis Capacity-Building and the Water-Energy-Food Nexus by : Maureen Papas
Download or read book Capacity-Building and the Water-Energy-Food Nexus written by Maureen Papas and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-12-22 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Critically analysing methodologies and objectives of capacity building and the practical linkages required to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, this book looks at whether nexus thinking offers a systematic approach to combat global environmental problems and facilitate enhanced sustainable development. Building effective and sustainable mechanisms to tackle environmental problems requires in-depth understanding of relationships between natural resources, going beyond conventional policy and siloed decision making. The water energy food nexus has been promoted as a conceptual framework and management tool to facilitate integrated planning and practical linkages to support sustainable development. The author opens this book with an overview of capacity building and reviews the significance of the water energy food nexus, bringing in links to the 2030 Agenda. Climate change is highlighted as a key consideration in any conversation about natural resource use and case studies from Japan, India and China are utilised to show that whist long-term sustainable development practices are being implemented the environmental challenges across the region raise concerns about institutional capacity, economic sustainability and future of the region. Finally, through the lens of capacity building, the book suggests that whilst the water energy food nexus may provide a new approach to sustainable development, it will not be enough to achieve long-term sustainability or extend to the lives of those most affected. The book will be interest to scholars and students within the water, energy and agriculture sectors, sustainability governance and sustainable development. It will also be a valuable resource to those working in governmental organisations and NGOs involved in capacity building and development.
Book Synopsis Resolving Nonperforming Loans in Sub-Saharan Africa in the Aftermath of the COVID-19 Crisis by : Luc Eyraud
Download or read book Resolving Nonperforming Loans in Sub-Saharan Africa in the Aftermath of the COVID-19 Crisis written by Luc Eyraud and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sub-Saharan African countries are facing an unprecedented health and economic crisis that is likely to severely hurt credit quality and raise non-performing loans from already high levels. Banks have a critical role to play not only during the crisis by providing temporarily relief to businesses and households, but also during the recovery by supporting economic activity and facilitating the structural transformations engaged by the pandemic.
Book Synopsis Global Economic Prospects, June 2023 by : World Bank
Download or read book Global Economic Prospects, June 2023 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2023-06-27 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global growth is projected to slow significantly in the second half of this year, with weakness continuing in 2024. Inflation pressures persist, and tight monetary policy is expected to weigh substantially on activity. The possibility of more widespread bank turmoil and tighter monetary policy could result in even weaker global growth. Rising borrowing costs in advanced economies could lead to financial dislocations in the more vulnerable emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs). In low-income countries, in particular, fiscal positions are increasingly precarious. Comprehensive policy action is needed at the global and national levels to foster macroeconomic and financial stability. Among many EMDEs, and especially in low-income countries, bolstering fiscal sustainability will require generating higher revenues, making spending more efficient, and improving debt management practices. Continued international cooperation is also necessary to tackle climate change, support populations affected by crises and hunger, and provide debt relief where needed. In the longer term, reversing a projected decline in EMDE potential growth will require reforms to bolster physical and human capital and labor-supply growth.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Communications Department Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1513577794 Total Pages :68 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (135 download)
Book Synopsis Finance and Development, June 2021 by : International Monetary Fund. Communications Department
Download or read book Finance and Development, June 2021 written by International Monetary Fund. Communications Department and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-06-02 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amid a multispeed economic recovery—including within countries and across sectors, age groups, genders, and skill levels—this issue explores several cross-cutting themes for emerging markets.
Book Synopsis Policy Options for Supporting and Restructuring Firms Hit by the COVID-19 Crisis by : Ms. Juliana Dutra Araujo
Download or read book Policy Options for Supporting and Restructuring Firms Hit by the COVID-19 Crisis written by Ms. Juliana Dutra Araujo and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-02-23 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents principles that could guide the design of more targeted policy support and facilitate the restructuring of firms adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, the paper takes stock of vulnerabilities and risks in the enterprise sector and assesses countries’ preparedness to handle a large-scale restructuring of businesses. Crisis preparedness of insolvency systems is measured according to a newly designed indicator that includes five dimensions of the insolvency and restructuring regime (out-of-court restructuring, hybrid restructuring, reorganization, liquidation, and the institutional framework). Vulnerabilities tend to be more pronounced in jurisdictions with shortcomings in crisis preparedness, and those countries need to step up efforts to improve their insolvency systems.
Author :INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1513595601 Total Pages :100 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (135 download)
Book Synopsis Global Financial Stability Report, October 2021 by : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND.
Download or read book Global Financial Stability Report, October 2021 written by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-10-12 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial stability risks have been contained so far, reflecting ongoing policy support and a rebound in the global economy earlier this year. Chapter 1 explains that financial conditions have eased further in net in advanced economies but changed little in emerging markets. However, the optimism that propelled markets earlier in the year has faded on growing concerns about the strength of the global recovery, and ongoing supply chain disruptions intensified inflation concerns. Signs of stretched asset valuations in some market segments persist, and pockets of vulnerabilities remain in the nonbank financial sector; recovery is uneven in the corporate sector. Chapter 2 discusses the opportunities and challenges of the crypto ecosystem. Crypto asset providers’ lack of operational or cyber resilience poses risks, and significant data gaps imperil financial integrity. Crypto assets in emerging markets may accelerate dollarization risks. Chapter 3 shows that sustainable funds can support the global transition to a green economy but must be scaled up to have a major impact. It also discusses how a disorderly transition could disrupt the broader investment fund sector in the future.
Book Synopsis After-Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prospects for Medium-Term Economic Damage by : Mr. Philip Barrett
Download or read book After-Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prospects for Medium-Term Economic Damage written by Mr. Philip Barrett and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-07-30 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a severe global recession with differential impacts within and across countries. This paper examines the possible persistent effects (scarring) of the pandemic on the economy and the channels through which they may occur. History suggests that deep recessions often leave long-lived scars, particularly to productivity. Importantly, financial instabilities—typically associated with worse scarring—have been largely avoided in the current crisis so far. While medium-term output losses are anticipated to be lower than after the global financial crisis, they are still expected to be substantial. The degree of expected scarring varies across countries, depending on the structure of economies and the size of the policy response. Emerging market and developing economies are expected to suffer more scarring than advanced economies.
Book Synopsis Banks, Government Bonds, and Default by : Nicola Gennaioli
Download or read book Banks, Government Bonds, and Default written by Nicola Gennaioli and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze holdings of public bonds by over 20,000 banks in 191 countries, and the role of these bonds in 20 sovereign defaults over 1998-2012. Banks hold many public bonds (on average 9% of their assets), particularly in less financially-developed countries. During sovereign defaults, banks increase their exposure to public bonds, especially large banks and when expected bond returns are high. At the bank level, bondholdings correlate negatively with subsequent lending during sovereign defaults. This correlation is mostly due to bonds acquired in pre-default years. These findings shed light on alternative theories of the sovereign default-banking crisis nexus.
