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The Role Of Shp 1 Tyrosine Phosphatase In Modulating Lymphocyte Signaling Cascades
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Book Synopsis The Role of SHP-1 Tyrosine Phosphatase in Modulating Lymphocyte Signaling Cascades by : Ally-Khan B. Somani
Download or read book The Role of SHP-1 Tyrosine Phosphatase in Modulating Lymphocyte Signaling Cascades written by Ally-Khan B. Somani and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of phosphatases in regulating intracellular signaling has recently been realized by the identification and characterization of various families of phosphatases. In particular, the protein tyrosine phosphatases occupy a prominent role in regulating protein tyrosine kinase mediated signaling events. In this regard, the SH2 domain containing cytosolic protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 has been implicated in the downregulation of signaling cascades in haemopoietic cells. Herein, we report that SHP-1 can directly regulate the Src protein tyrosine kinase p60 c-Src. We have demonstrated that Src isolated from platelets and T cells is preferentially dephosphorylated at its inhibitory phosphotyrosine site by the SHP-1 tyrosine phosphatase. This represents the first biochemical evidence that SHP-1 can also function as a positive signal regulator. Furthermore, we have also tried to elucidate the role of SHP-1 in the signaling of the surface comodulators CD19 and CD5, on B and T cells respectively. With respect to SHP-1 and CD19 signaling, we demonstrate an indirect role for SHP-1 and present data revealing the capacity of SHP-1 to dephosphorylate the Lyn autophosphorylation site. This data provides strong evidence that SHP-1 functions also include the negative regulation of the Lyn kinase activation in B cells. Finally, given the recent biochemical evidence for CD5 and SHP-1 interaction, we investigated the biochemical and physiological relevance of the two signaling proteins in the context of T cell development and activation. By utilizing HY-TCR and HY-TCR CD5 over-expressing transgenic mice crossed with the SHP-1 deficient motheaten mice, we first examined the role of SHP-1 in T cell development. Herein we report that SHP-1 function also includes the down regulation of both positive and negative T cell selection. With respect to CD5, we report that although CD5 can down modulate the T cell selection process, our findings suggest that this can be achieved independent of SHP-1. Taken together, these studies provide novel insights into the mechanisms whereby SHP-1 modulates antigen receptor signaling. SHP-1, by virtue of its ability to regulate protein tyrosine kinase activity and membrane co-receptors represents a protein tyrosine phosphatase occupying a pivotal role in the translation of antigen receptor signals to such biological outcomes as proliferation, transformation, and selection.
Author :Ally-Khan B. Somani Publisher :National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada ISBN 13 :9780612590366 Total Pages :568 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (93 download)
Book Synopsis The Role of SHP-1 Tyrosine Phosphatase in Modulating Lymphocyte Signaling Cascades [microform] by : Ally-Khan B. Somani
Download or read book The Role of SHP-1 Tyrosine Phosphatase in Modulating Lymphocyte Signaling Cascades [microform] written by Ally-Khan B. Somani and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 2001 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Role of SHP-1 Tyrosine Phosphatase in Modulating Lymphocyte Signaling Cascades by :
Download or read book The Role of SHP-1 Tyrosine Phosphatase in Modulating Lymphocyte Signaling Cascades written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis B Cell Receptor Signaling by : Tomohiro Kurosaki
Download or read book B Cell Receptor Signaling written by Tomohiro Kurosaki and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-26 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume details our current understanding of the architecture and signaling capabilities of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) in health and disease. The first chapters review new insights into the assembly of BCR components and their organization on the cell surface. Subsequent contributions focus on the molecular interactions that connect the BCR with major intracellular signaling pathways such as Ca2+ mobilization, membrane phospholipid metabolism, nuclear translocation of NF-kB or the activation of Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase and MAP kinases. These elements orchestrate cytoplasmic and nuclear responses as well as cytoskeleton dynamics for antigen internalization. Furthermore, a key mechanism of how B cells remember their cognate antigen is discussed in detail. Altogether, the discoveries presented provide a better understanding of B cell biology and help to explain some B cell-mediated pathogenicities, like autoimmune phenomena or the formation of B cell tumors, while also paving the way for eventually combating these diseases.
Book Synopsis Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Cancer by : Benjamin G. Neel
Download or read book Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Cancer written by Benjamin G. Neel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to bridge the gap in understanding how protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), which carry out the reverse reaction of tyrosine phosphorylation, feature in cancer cell biology. The expertly authored chapters will first review the general features of the PTP superfamily, including their overall structure and enzymological properties; use selected examples of individual PTP superfamily members, to illustrate emerging data on the role of PTPs in cancer; and will review the current status of PTP-based drug development efforts. Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Cancer,from renowned researchers Benjamin Neel and Nicholas Tonks, is invaluable reading for researchers in oncology, stem cell signaling,and biochemistry.
Download or read book Platelets written by Alan D. Michelson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-29 with total page 1386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Platelets, Second Edition is the definitive current source of state-of-the-art knowledge about platelets and covers the entire field of platelet biology, pathophysiology, and clinical medicine. Recently there has been a rapid expansion of knowledge in both basic biology and the clinical approach to platelet-related diseases including thrombosis and hemorrhage. Novel platelet function tests, drugs, blood bank storage methods, and gene therapies have been incorporated into patient care or are in development. This book draws all this information into a single, comprehensive and authoritative resource. First edition won Best Book in Medical Science Award from the Association of American Publishers Contains fourteen new chapters on topics such as platelet genomics and proteomics, inhibition of platelet function by the endothelium, clinical tests of platelet function, real time in vivo imaging of platelets, and inherited thrombocytopenias A comprehensive full color reference comprising over 70 chapters, 1400 pages, and 16,000 references
Book Synopsis Negative Regulation of Hematopoiesis by : Martine Guigon
Download or read book Negative Regulation of Hematopoiesis written by Martine Guigon and published by John Libbey Eurotext. This book was released on 1993 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives an update on the inhibitory mechanisms involved in the various steps of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and differentiation. The authors report the latest research advances, factors that control the cell cycle, receptors function, molecular approaches, the in vivo and in vitro effects of several inhibitors, the inhibition of hematopoiesis by viruses, protecting the bone marrow. The book contains the latest results published by the best international specialists and will be fascinating reading for all those interested in this subject.
Book Synopsis Hydrogen Peroxide and Cell Signaling, Part B by :
Download or read book Hydrogen Peroxide and Cell Signaling, Part B written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-07-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume of Methods in Enzymology continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. This is the second of three volumes on hydrogen peroxide and cell signaling, and includes chapters on such topics as the cellular steady-state of H2O2, evaluating peroxiredoxin sensitivity towards inactivation by peroxide substrates, and peroxiredoxins as preferential targets in H2O2-induced signaling.
Book Synopsis DNA Methylation and Complex Human Disease by : Michel Neidhart
Download or read book DNA Methylation and Complex Human Disease written by Michel Neidhart and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-08-11 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA Methylation and Complex Human Disease reviews the possibilities of methyl-group-based epigenetic biomarkers of major diseases, tailored epigenetic therapies, and the future uses of high-throughput methylome technologies. This volume includes many pertinent advances in disease-bearing research, including obesity, type II diabetes, schizophrenia, and autoimmunity. DNA methylation is also discussed as a plasma and serum test for non-invasive screening, diagnostic and prognostic tests, as compared to biopsy-driven gene expression analysis, factors which have led to the use of DNA methylation as a potential tool for determining cancer risk, and diagnosis between benign and malignant disease. Therapies are at the heart of this volume and the possibilities of DNA demethylation. In cancer, unlike genetic mutations, DNA methylation and histone modifications are reversible and thus have shown great potential in the race for effective treatments. In addition, the authors present the importance of high-throughput methylome analysis, not only in cancer, but also in non-neoplastic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Discusses breaking biomarker research in major disease families of current health concern and research interest, including obesity, type II diabetes, schizophrenia, and autoimmunity Summarizes advances not only relevant to cancer, but also in non-neoplastic disease, currently an emerging field Describes wholly new concepts, including the linking of metabolic pathways with epigenetics Provides translational researchers with the knowledge of both basic research and clinic applications of DNA methylation in human diseases
Book Synopsis Signaling Mechanisms Regulating T Cell Diversity and Function by : Jonathan Soboloff
Download or read book Signaling Mechanisms Regulating T Cell Diversity and Function written by Jonathan Soboloff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: T cells play a vital role mediating adaptive immunity, a specific acquired resistance to an infectious agent produced by the introduction of an antigen. There are a variety of T cell types with different functions. They are called T cells, because they are derived from the thymus gland. This volume discusses how T cells are regulated through the operation of signaling mechanisms. Topics covered include positive and negative selection, early events in T cell receptor engagement, and various T cell subsets.
Book Synopsis Handbook on Immunosenescence by : Tamas Fulop
Download or read book Handbook on Immunosenescence written by Tamas Fulop and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-02-27 with total page 1693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative handbook covers all aspects of immunosenescence, with contributions from experts in the research and clinical areas. It examines methods and models for studying immunosenescence; genetics; mechanisms including receptors and signal transduction; clinical relevance in disease states including infections, autoimmunity, cancer, metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative diseases, frailty and osteoporosis; and much more.
Book Synopsis Hormone Signaling by : Vincent Goffin
Download or read book Hormone Signaling written by Vincent Goffin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-03-31 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multicellular organisms require a means of intracellular communication to organize and develop the complex body plan that occurs during embryogenesis and then for cell and organ systems to access and respond to an ever changing environmental milieu. Mediators of this constant exchange of information are growth factors, neurotransmmitters, peptide and protein hormones which bind to cell surface receptors and transduce their signals from the extracellular space to the intracellular compartment. Via multiple signaling pathways, receptors of this general class affect growth, development and differentiation. Smaller hydrophobic signaling molecules, such as steroids and non-steroid hormones, vitamins and metabolic mediators interact with a large family of nuclear receptors. These receptors function as transcription factors affecting gene expression, to regulate the multiple aspects of animal and human physiology, including development, reproduction and homeostasis. The aim of this book is to cover various aspects of intracellular signaling involving hormone receptors.
Book Synopsis Intracellular Signaling Mediators in the Circulatory and Ventilatory Systems by : Marc Thiriet
Download or read book Intracellular Signaling Mediators in the Circulatory and Ventilatory Systems written by Marc Thiriet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-26 with total page 1073 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volumes in this authoritative series present a multidisciplinary approach to modeling and simulation of flows in the cardiovascular and ventilatory systems, especially multiscale modeling and coupled simulations. The cardiovascular and respiratory systems are tightly coupled, as their primary function is to supply oxygen to and remove carbon dioxide from the body's cells. Because physiological conduits have deformable and reactive walls, macroscopic flow behavior and prediction must be coupled to phenomenological models of nano- and microscopic events in a corrector scheme of regulated mechanisms when the vessel lumen caliber varies markedly. Therefore, investigation of flows of blood and air in physiological conduits requires an understanding of the biology, chemistry, and physics of these systems together with the mathematical tools to describe their functioning. Volume 4 is devoted to major sets of intracellular mediators that transmit signals upon stimulation of cell-surface receptors. Activation of signaling effectors triggers the release of substances stored in cellular organelles and/or gene transcription and protein synthesis. Complex stages of cell signaling can be studied using proper mathematical models, once the role of each component is carefully handled. Volume 4 also reviews various categories of cytosolic and/or nuclear mediators and illustrates some major signal transduction pathways, such as NFkappaB axis, oxygen sensing, and mechanotransduction.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules by : Sangdun Choi
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules written by Sangdun Choi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 6330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this encyclopedia presents over 400 biologically important signaling molecules and the content is built on the core concepts of their functions along with early findings written by some of the world’s foremost experts. The molecules are described by recognized leaders in each molecule. The interactions of these single molecules in signal transduction networks will also be explored. This encyclopedia marks a new era in overview of current cellular signaling molecules for the specialist and the interested non-specialist alike. Currently, there are more than 30,000 genes in human genome. However, not all the proteins encoded by these genes work equally in order to maintain homeostasis. Understanding the important signaling molecules as completely as possible will significantly improve our research-based teaching and scientific capabilities.
Book Synopsis Role of Nutraceuticals in Cancer Chemosensitization by :
Download or read book Role of Nutraceuticals in Cancer Chemosensitization written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-10-18 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Role of Nutraceuticals in Chemoresistance to Cancer, Volume Two, focuses on nutraceuticals, the compounds derived from natural sources, which are usually multi-targeted as a means to overcome chemoresistance. This book discusses the role of several compounds related to nutraceuticals and chemoresistance, such as curcumin, resveratrol, indole 3-carbinol, tocotrienols, ursolic acid, fisetin, celastrol, gambogic, butein, catechins and silymarin. It is a valuable resource for cancer researchers, oncologists and members of several areas of the biomedical field who are interested in understanding how to use nutraceuticals as a sensitizing agent for chemotherapy. Brings updated information on natural compounds used as specific inhibitors of cell signaling pathways as reviewed by experts in the field Presents experts analysis and summary of reported and novel findings and potential translational application in cancer patients Describes molecular mechanisms with new and helpful approaches for the readers to use in their own investigations
Book Synopsis Phosphatase Modulators by : José Luis Millán
Download or read book Phosphatase Modulators written by José Luis Millán and published by Humana. This book was released on 2016-08-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Driving further the research on mammalian alkaline phosphatase structure and function, Phosphatase Modulators collects expert contributions into one “how to” manual for basic scientists interested in initiating a drug discovery effort. While this book contains the traditional method chapters and some typical reviews on the structure and known functions of phosphatases, other contributions are meant to discuss approaches and alternatives useful in making “go/no-go” decisions in high throughput screening (HTS) and lead optimization campaigns. Many chapters focus on tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) as well as protein phosphatases. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters in this volume include the kind of detail and key implementation advice that promotes reproducible results. Step-by-step and practical, Phosphatase Modulators offers a path to understanding many of the facets and complexities associated with undertaking a drug discovery effort and will serve as a roadmap to initiating those efforts.
Book Synopsis Measuring Immunity by : Michael T. Lotze
Download or read book Measuring Immunity written by Michael T. Lotze and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-05-04 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the diseases of modern mankind involve either acute or chronic inflammation. Measuring Immunity integrates the current information available on biomarkers and surrogate assays into a single handbook. It highlights the principles behind various applications, gives a brief summary on how they are conducted and provides detailed and critical analyses of murine models of immunity, clinical trials, and tests to predict utility and benefit. Measuring Immunity is indispensable for scientists and clinicians interested in the clinical applications of modern immunobiology. * Defines which assays of immune function are helpful in the assessment of clinical disorders involving inflammation and immunity* Assesses the dynamics of cellular and soluble factors in the peripheral blood using modern techniques * Includes basic science foundations as well as the approaches currently applied
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