The Role Of Crime Community Violence Exposure And Perceived Neighbhorhood Violence In The Development Of Conduct Problems Among African American Youth

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The Role of Crime, Community Violence Exposure, and Perceived Neighbhorhood Violence in the Development of Conduct Problems Among African American Youth

Author : Nicole L. Cammack
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (861 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Crime, Community Violence Exposure, and Perceived Neighbhorhood Violence in the Development of Conduct Problems Among African American Youth by : Nicole L. Cammack

Download or read book The Role of Crime, Community Violence Exposure, and Perceived Neighbhorhood Violence in the Development of Conduct Problems Among African American Youth written by Nicole L. Cammack and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: African American youth are disproportionately located in neighborhoods characterized by crime and are at an increased risk for exposure to community violence and perceiving their neighborhoods to be violent. Each of these three experiences with violence has been linked with conduct problems. However, methodological problems in the existing literature limit our ability to understand whether these three types of violence differentially affect the development of adolescent conduct problems and if so, what the relative effects of these experiences with violence are. In addition, research has not examined whether the more proximal experiences with violence (i.e., community violence exposure and perceived neighborhood violence) are more useful for explaining the development of conduct problems that more distal experiences such as neighborhood crime. To address these issues, the present study examined whether neighborhood crime, community violence exposure, and perceived neighborhood violence differentially predicted youth conduct problems. Participants were an epidemiologically-defined community sample of 585 African American adolescents (53.2% male) assessed at regular intervals from elementary school through adolescence. Results revealed that each experience with violence was differentially associated with youth conduct problems, with varied effects for males and females. Understanding the effects of neighborhood crime, community violence exposure, and perceived neighborhood violence on the development of conduct problems is an initial step in the development of contextually-relevant interventions to promote healthy developmental outcomes in urban adolescents.

Adolescents, Neighborhoods, and Violence

Author : Akiva Liberman
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437921167
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Adolescents, Neighborhoods, and Violence by : Akiva Liberman

Download or read book Adolescents, Neighborhoods, and Violence written by Akiva Liberman and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-02 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods(PHDCN) was designed to investigate the development of crime and violence in children and adolescents. The PHDCN combines a longitudinal study of more than 6,000 Chicago children and adolescents with a study of Chicago neighborhoods. The longitudinal study involved interviews with children, adolescents, and primary caregivers conducted from 1995 through 2001. This report summarizes findings from four recently published papers using the PHDCN longitudinal study to address various questions about adolescent violence. A common factor in all the articles summarized in this report is the important role of neighborhoods in increasing or controlling adolescent violence. Illustrations.

Exploring Racial Disparities in Youth Violence

Author : Roberta Liggett
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Exploring Racial Disparities in Youth Violence by : Roberta Liggett

Download or read book Exploring Racial Disparities in Youth Violence written by Roberta Liggett and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite overall reductions in youth violence, racial disparities in violent offending and victimization persist, such that racial minorities disproportionately shoulder the burden of both. It is proposed that the antecedents of youth violence are the same for all youth, regardless of race and ethnic background. Instead, racial disparities in youth violence and victimization result from sociopolitical structures of racial inequality, which historically isolate racial and ethnic minorities into underserved communities, where contact with risk is more likely. Youth violence scholarship has explored the ways community structures, such as physical disorder, social disorder, policing, and community violence, influence community perceptions, norms, and behaviors as well as individual youth behavior and development. However, many of these inquiries have occurred separately within siloed disciplines and are rarely integrated together. The purpose of this dissertation is to use a framework from human development, known as sociocultural development, to organize race-focused inquires regarding youth violence and test the relevance of several, multilevel risk factors on youth socioemotional development and violent behavior. Using data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN), this dissertation explores the relationships between neighborhood physical disorder, community perceptions of danger, community perceptions of policing, and frequency of violence exposure on youth internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, and violent offending. A combination of hierarchical linear modeling and individual growth curve modeling were used to assess multi-level impacts on neighborhood perceptions and youth outcomes. Results indicate that higher levels of neighborhood physical disorder predict greater individual perceptions of neighborhood danger and less positive attitudes towards the police. However, these perceptions at the community level did not significantly influence individual youth violence. Individual growth curve models assessed between-and within-individual change in violence exposure, internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, and violent offending. Results indicate that youth display fairly similar rates of change in all dependent variables, but that early exposure to violence and neighborhood physical disorder significantly predict where youth "start" in their trajectories. Consistent with race-invariance perspectives, Black youth, in particular, report higher frequencies of violence exposure, which places them above White and Hispanic/Latino youth in externalizing issues and violent offending. However, trajectories of violence exposure were unique for Hispanic/Latino youth, indicating the need to further explore sources of risk and resiliency for this diverse group of youth. In addition, more research should be conducted to explore the unique ways Black and Hispanic/Latino youth, families, and communities adapt to violence exposure and disorder in order to tailor youth violence prevention initiatives that are strengths-based and relevant.

African-American Adolescents in the Urban Community

Author : Judith Rozie-Battle
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317788060
Total Pages : 111 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis African-American Adolescents in the Urban Community by : Judith Rozie-Battle

Download or read book African-American Adolescents in the Urban Community written by Judith Rozie-Battle and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-02 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Become a more effective social worker with this outstanding volume on inner-city urban youth! African-American Adolescents in the Urban Community: Social Services Policy and Practice Interventions examines contemporary issues confronting African-American youth. It highlights key areas such as health, education, the criminal justice system, and youth development strategies. An essential overview of the status of urban African-American youth for students, professionals working with this important population, and policymakers, this vital book proposes policy and programming considerations for today and for the future. African-American Adolescents in the Urban Community is a one-stop view of: ways to help African-American youth experience responsibility and community involvement health concerns of this population, including teen pregnancy, alcohol and drug addiction, and limited access to health care the challenges that lie ahead for African-American girls, including crime, poverty, poor self-esteem, and peer pressure ways to help teenage fathers meet their financial and emotional obligations to their families police and prosecutorial policies that need to be examined and challenged to end the perception of a racially unjust system and much more

Non-violent Models in Violent Communities

Author : Joseph Jones
Publisher : Austin & Winfield Publishers
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Non-violent Models in Violent Communities by : Joseph Jones

Download or read book Non-violent Models in Violent Communities written by Joseph Jones and published by Austin & Winfield Publishers. This book was released on 1996 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jones (criminal justice and criminology, Taylor U.) explains what interventions work and do not work in high-crime Black neighborhoods, focusing on the efforts of Christian Community Development Organizations and other non-violent community organizations. He explores their role and strategies in crime prevention and the role of race in leadership and service delivery. His research earned Jones the Distinguished Dissertation Award from the State University of New York in Albany. Double spaced. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Youth Violence in Context

Author : Eileen M. Ahlin
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429655096
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis Youth Violence in Context by : Eileen M. Ahlin

Download or read book Youth Violence in Context written by Eileen M. Ahlin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-09-21 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book places youth violence within a Routine Activity Ecological Framework. Youth violence, specifically youth exposure to community violence and youth perpetration of violent behaviors, occur within various contexts. Ahlin and Antunes situate their discussion of youth violence within an ecological framework, identifying how it is nested within four mesosystem layers: community, family, peers and schools, and youth characteristics. Contextualized using an ecological framework, the Routine Activity Theory and Lifestyles perspective (RAT/LS) are well suited to guide an examination of youth violence risk and protective factors across the four layers. Drawing on scholarship that explores predictors and consequences of youth violence, the authors apply RAT/LS theory to explain how community, family, peers, schools, and youth characteristics influence youth behavior. Each layer of the ecological framework unfolds to reveal the latest scholarship and contextualizes how concepts of RAT/LS, specifically the motivated offender, target suitability, and guardianship, can be applied at each level. This book also highlights the mechanisms and processes that contribute to youth exposure to and involvement in violence by exploring factors examined in the literature as protective and risk factors of youth violence. Youth violence occurs in context, and, as such, the understanding of multilevel predictors and preventive measures against it can be situated within an RAT/LS ecological framework. This work links theory to extant research. Ahlin and Antunes demonstrate how knowledge of youth violence can be used to develop a robust theoretical foundation that can inform policy to improve neighborhoods and youth experiences within their communities, families, and peers and within their schools while acknowledging the importance of individual characteristics. This monograph is essential reading for those interested in youth violence, juvenile delinquency, and juvenile justice research and anyone dedicated to preventing crime among youths.

Developmental Psychopathology, Risk, Resilience, and Intervention

Author : Dante Cicchetti
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118120930
Total Pages : 1152 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (181 download)

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Book Synopsis Developmental Psychopathology, Risk, Resilience, and Intervention by : Dante Cicchetti

Download or read book Developmental Psychopathology, Risk, Resilience, and Intervention written by Dante Cicchetti and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-02-29 with total page 1152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examine the latest research merging nature and nurture in pathological development Developmental Psychopathology is a four-volume compendium of the most complete and current research on every aspect of the field. Volume Four: Genes and Environment focuses on the interplay between nature and nurture throughout the life stages, and the ways in which a child's environment can influence his or her physical and mental health as an adult. The discussion explores relationships with family, friends, and the community; environmental factors like poverty, violence, and social support; the development of coping mechanisms, and more, including the impact of these factors on physical brain development. This new third edition has been fully updated to incorporate the latest advances, and to better reflect the increasingly multilevel and interdisciplinary nature of the field and the growing importance of translational research. The relevance of classification in a developmental context is also addressed, including DSM-5 criteria and definitions. Advances in developmental psychopathology are occurring increasingly quickly as expanding theoretical and empirical work brings about dramatic gains in the multiple domains of child and adult development. This book brings you up to date on the latest developments surrounding genetics and environmental influence, including their intersection in experience-dependent brain development. Understand the impact of childhood adversity on adulthood health Gauge the effects of violence, poverty, interparental conflict, and more Learn how peer, family, and community relationships drive development Examine developments in prevention science and future research priorities Developmental psychopathology is necessarily interdisciplinary, as development arises from a dynamic interplay between psychological, genetic, social, cognitive, emotional, and cultural factors. Developmental Psychopathology Volume Four: Genes and Environment brings this diverse research together to give you a cohesive picture of the state of knowledge in the field.

Interpersonal Violence in the African-American Community

Author : Robert L. Hampton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387295984
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Interpersonal Violence in the African-American Community by : Robert L. Hampton

Download or read book Interpersonal Violence in the African-American Community written by Robert L. Hampton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-04-21 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a solid foundation for understanding violence within the African-American community from the perspective of African Americans. It challenges existing stereotypes of African Americans and offers concrete advice on approaches that are, or might be, effective with African-American populations. The content is driven by real-world, evidence-based practices based on sound scientific foundations.

Violence in Context

Author : Todd I. Herrenkohl
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0195369599
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Violence in Context by : Todd I. Herrenkohl

Download or read book Violence in Context written by Todd I. Herrenkohl and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by four leading violence researchers, this book takes a systemic view, offering a critical appraisal of research and theory that focuses on violence in youth, families, and communities.

Cool Pose

Author : Richard Majors
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 0671865722
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (718 download)

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Book Synopsis Cool Pose by : Richard Majors

Download or read book Cool Pose written by Richard Majors and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1993-08 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traces the history of black men in America using a tough-guy image to obscure their anger and disappointment over their roles in society back to their origins in Africa and the slave era.

Youth Violence Prevention

Author : Timothy N. Thornton
Publisher : Nova Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781594547058
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Youth Violence Prevention by : Timothy N. Thornton

Download or read book Youth Violence Prevention written by Timothy N. Thornton and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important book deals with the problem of youth violence by attacking it at the grass-roots level -- the community.

The Problems of Disadvantaged Youth

Author : Jonathan Gruber
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226309479
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (263 download)

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Book Synopsis The Problems of Disadvantaged Youth by : Jonathan Gruber

Download or read book The Problems of Disadvantaged Youth written by Jonathan Gruber and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-11-15 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most important public policy issues in the United States is how to improve the life prospects of disadvantaged youth who, in their formative years, face low-quality school systems, poor access to health care, and high-crime environments. The Problems of Disadvantaged Youth includes a broad range of research examining various aspects of disadvantage, and ways of increasing the ability of low-income youths to improve their circumstances later in life. Taking an empirical economics perspective, the nine essays in this volume assess the causal impacts of disadvantage on youth outcomes, and how policy interventions can alleviate those impacts. Each chapter develops a framework to describe the relationship between youths and later life outcomes, addressing such factors as educational opportunity, health, neighborhood crime rates, and employment. This vital book documents the serious short- and long-term negative consequences of childhood disadvantage and provides nuanced evidence of the impact of public policy designed to help needy children.

Crime, Violence and Minority Youths

Author : Becky L Tatum
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351787462
Total Pages : 107 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

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Book Synopsis Crime, Violence and Minority Youths by : Becky L Tatum

Download or read book Crime, Violence and Minority Youths written by Becky L Tatum and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2000: Mainstream criminology has devoted little attention to minority perspectives in crime and violence. Criminologists who have examined minority perspectives have addressed the issue in a cursory manner, providing only brief summaries of the propositions of the perspective. This book provides a comprehensive examination of one minority perspective on crime: the colonial model. Specifically, the book discusses how the colonial model applies to African and Hispanic Americans and what the perspective adds to mainstream theorizing. It further discusses the limitations of the perspective, revises the perspective to improve theoretical validity and subjects the revised perspective to empirical validation. Preliminary findings suggest that the colonial model is more effective in explaining African American delinquency.

Handbook of Mental Health in African American Youth

Author : Alfiee M. Breland-Noble
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319255010
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Mental Health in African American Youth by : Alfiee M. Breland-Noble

Download or read book Handbook of Mental Health in African American Youth written by Alfiee M. Breland-Noble and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-22 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook fills major gaps in the child and adolescent mental health literature by focusing on the unique challenges and resiliencies of African American youth. It combines a cultural perspective on the needs of the population with best-practice approaches to interventions. Chapters provide expert insights into sociocultural factors that influence mental health, the prevalence of particular disorders among African American adolescents, ethnically salient assessment and diagnostic methods, and the evidence base for specific models. The information presented in this handbook helps bring the field closer to critical goals: increasing access to treatment, preventing misdiagnosis and over hospitalization, and reducing and ending disparities in research and care. Topics featured in this book include: The epidemiology of mental disorders in African American youth. Culturally relevant diagnosis and assessment of mental illness. Uses of dialectical behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy. Community approaches to promoting positive mental health and psychosocial well-being. Culturally relevant psychopharmacology. Future directions for the field. The Handbook of Mental Health in African American Youth is a must-have resource for researchers, professors, and graduate students as well as clinicians and related professionals in child and school psychology, public health, family studies, child and adolescent psychiatry, family medicine, and social work.

The Effects of Cumulative Neighborhood Risk and Protective Factors on Substance Use Initiation Among Low-income Latino and African American Adolescents

Download The Effects of Cumulative Neighborhood Risk and Protective Factors on Substance Use Initiation Among Low-income Latino and African American Adolescents PDF Online Free

Author : Eun Lye Lee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (956 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Cumulative Neighborhood Risk and Protective Factors on Substance Use Initiation Among Low-income Latino and African American Adolescents by : Eun Lye Lee

Download or read book The Effects of Cumulative Neighborhood Risk and Protective Factors on Substance Use Initiation Among Low-income Latino and African American Adolescents written by Eun Lye Lee and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While previous research underscores the important role that neighborhood contexts play for child and adolescent health and well-being, how these neighborhood contexts influence adolescent substance use initiation has been understudied. This study addresses this gap by estimating the cumulative effects of neighborhood social disorder and neighborhood social capital on the initiation of substance use among adolescents who spent a significant period of their childhood in a public housing in Denver, Colorado. This study uses data from the Denver Child Study - a natural experiment aimed at assessing neighborhood effects on the developmental outcomes of Latino and African American children and adolescents from low-income families. This study is guided by ecological systems theory which emphasizes the importance of understanding child developmental outcomes through the interplay between individuals and their surrounding environmental contexts as well as general strain theory which stresses the role of strain in the prediction of adolescent substance use initiation. Using a Cox Proportional Hazard Cause-Specific model, this study: (1) examines the effects of cumulative exposure to neighborhood risk (i.e., neighborhood social disorder and neighborhood violent and property crime rates) and protective (i.e., neighborhood social capital) factors during preadolescence on the likelihood of initiating alcohol, cigarette and marijuana use during adolescence; (2) investigates whether the effects of the aforementioned cumulative risk and protective factors are different across the three types of substances; and (3) examines whether the effects of cumulative neighborhood risk and protective factors vary by Latino and African American ethnicity. The results drawn from this study indicate that exposure to neighborhood social disorder during preadolescence is a significant risk factor, especially for the initiation of cigarette use among adolescents. Additionally, the effect of such exposure to neighborhood social disorder during preadolescence on the initiation of cigarette use during adolescence was significant only for Latino youth. These findings suggest the need for further research on the relationship between exposure to neighborhood social disorder and adolescent substance use initiation in order to develop and implement community-based prevention and intervention programs to reduce substance use initiation and facilitate healthy adolescent development.

Linking Community Factors and Individual Development

Author : Felton Earls
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Linking Community Factors and Individual Development by : Felton Earls

Download or read book Linking Community Factors and Individual Development written by Felton Earls and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Handbook of Adolescent Psychology, Volume 2

Author : Richard M. Lerner
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470149221
Total Pages : 721 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Adolescent Psychology, Volume 2 by : Richard M. Lerner

Download or read book Handbook of Adolescent Psychology, Volume 2 written by Richard M. Lerner and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-04-06 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of and interest in adolescence in the field of psychology and related fields continues to grow, necessitating an expanded revision of this seminal work. This multidisciplinary handbook, edited by the premier scholars in the field, Richard Lerner and Laurence Steinberg, and with contributions from the leading researchers, reflects the latest empirical work and growth in the field.