The Rise And Role Of The University Through The Ages

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The Rise of the Research University

Author : Louis Menand
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022641485X
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (264 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rise of the Research University by : Louis Menand

Download or read book The Rise of the Research University written by Louis Menand and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-01-19 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The modern research university is a global institution with a rich history that stretches into an ivy-laden past, but for as much as we think we know about that past, most of the writings that have recorded it are scattered across many archives and, in many cases, have yet to be translated into English. With this book, Paul Reitter, Chad Wellmon, and Louis Menand bring a wealth of these important texts together, assembling a fascinating collection of primary sources—many translated into English for the first time—that outline what would become the university as we know it. The editors focus on the development of American universities such as Cornell, Johns Hopkins, Harvard, and the Universities of Chicago, California, and Michigan. Looking to Germany, they translate a number of seminal sources that formulate the shape and purpose of the university and place them next to hard-to-find English-language texts that took the German university as their inspiration, one that they creatively adapted, often against stiff resistance. Enriching these texts with short but insightful essays that contextualize their importance, the editors offer an accessible portrait of the early research university, one that provides invaluable insights not only into the historical development of higher learning but also its role in modern society.

"Keep the Damned Women Out"

Author : Nancy Weiss Malkiel
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 069118111X
Total Pages : 672 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis "Keep the Damned Women Out" by : Nancy Weiss Malkiel

Download or read book "Keep the Damned Women Out" written by Nancy Weiss Malkiel and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-29 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A groundbreaking history of how elite colleges and universities in America and Britain finally went coed As the tumultuous decade of the 1960s ended, a number of very traditional, very conservative, highly prestigious colleges and universities in the United States and the United Kingdom decided to go coed, seemingly all at once, in a remarkably brief span of time. Coeducation met with fierce resistance. As one alumnus put it in a letter to his alma mater, "Keep the damned women out." Focusing on the complexities of institutional decision making, this book tells the story of this momentous era in higher education—revealing how coeducation was achieved not by organized efforts of women activists, but through strategic decisions made by powerful men. In America, Ivy League schools like Harvard, Yale, Princeton, and Dartmouth began to admit women; in Britain, several of the men's colleges at Cambridge and Oxford did the same. What prompted such fundamental change? How was coeducation accomplished in the face of such strong opposition? How well was it implemented? Nancy Weiss Malkiel explains that elite institutions embarked on coeducation not as a moral imperative but as a self-interested means of maintaining a first-rate applicant pool. She explores the challenges of planning for the academic and non-academic lives of newly admitted women, and shows how, with the exception of Mary Ingraham Bunting at Radcliffe, every decision maker leading the charge for coeducation was male. Drawing on unprecedented archival research, “Keep the Damned Women Out” is a breathtaking work of scholarship that is certain to be the definitive book on the subject.

The Rise of Universities

Author : Charles Homer Haskins
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351474936
Total Pages : 95 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rise of Universities by : Charles Homer Haskins

Download or read book The Rise of Universities written by Charles Homer Haskins and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the time of its publication in 1923, Charles Homer Haskins' The Rise of Universities was considered remarkable for its erudition, succinctness, and balance. The his-torian Theodor Mommsen described it as "a work which has remained unsurpassed in the conciseness and vividness of its account." Eight decades after its appearance, it remains fresh and informative. It has not been surpassed, and is as invaluable as ever.Haskins traces the rise of the mediaeval university as one phase of the intellectual awakening in Europe in the late Middle Ages, in an effort to broaden our understanding of "the ancient and universal company of scholars." In the depth and breadth of its analysis, there is no better portrait of universities during their infancy in the Middle Ages. With great detail and preci-sion, Haskins describes the university's curriculum, teaching, teachers, and students. Drawing deeply on his knowledge as one of the leading mediaeval scholars of his day, he provides an exceptionally vivid picture of student life of tht time, through his analysis of their manuals, letters, and poetry. The Rise of Universities goes far beyond its central subject to offer a broad description of the social conditions in which universities took root and flourished. At the same time, one cannot read Haskins without seeing the influences of the mediaeval university on contemporary institutions of higher learning. The Rise of Universities reminds us that the univer-sity has not only been a crucible fostering intellectual inquiry and creativity, but continues after eight hundred years to be a center of teaching and learning.In his new introduction, Lionel S. Lewis develops Haskins' passing observation that "the university of the twentieth cen-tury is the lineal descendant of mediaeval Paris and Bologna," and considers the question of why universities came into being at the particular time in history when they did. The Rise of the Universiti

The Fall of the Faculty

Author : Benjamin Ginsberg
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 019978244X
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis The Fall of the Faculty by : Benjamin Ginsberg

Download or read book The Fall of the Faculty written by Benjamin Ginsberg and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011-08-12 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until very recently, American universities were led mainly by their faculties, which viewed intellectual production and pedagogy as the core missions of higher education. Today, as Benjamin Ginsberg warns in this eye-opening, controversial book, "deanlets"--administrators and staffers often without serious academic backgrounds or experience--are setting the educational agenda.The Fall of the Faculty examines the fallout of rampant administrative blight that now plagues the nation's universities. In the past decade, universities have added layers of administrators and staffers to their payrolls every year even while laying off full-time faculty in increasing numbers--ostensibly because of budget cuts. In a further irony, many of the newly minted--and non-academic--administrators are career managers who downplay the importance of teaching and research, as evidenced by their tireless advocacy for a banal "life skills" curriculum. Consequently, students are denied a more enriching educational experience--one defined by intellectual rigor. Ginsberg also reveals how the legitimate grievances of minority groups and liberal activists, which were traditionally championed by faculty members, have, in the hands of administrators, been reduced to chess pieces in a game of power politics. By embracing initiatives such as affirmative action, the administration gained favor with these groups and legitimized a thinly cloaked gambit to bolster their power over the faculty.As troubling as this trend has become, there are ways to reverse it. The Fall of the Faculty outlines how we can revamp the system so that real educators can regain their voice in curriculum policy.

The Great American University

Author : Jonathan R. Cole
Publisher : ReadHowYouWant.com
ISBN 13 : 1458774074
Total Pages : 546 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (587 download)

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Book Synopsis The Great American University by : Jonathan R. Cole

Download or read book The Great American University written by Jonathan R. Cole and published by ReadHowYouWant.com. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Americans and people throughout the world have become increasingly dependent on America's great research universities. Yet few of us truly understand to what we owe this extraordinary excellence or what we must do to keep it. From the development of technologies like the laser, the global positioning system, the MRI, radar, and even Viagra, to predicting weather patterns, American research universities are one of our most vital sources of economic growth and social welfare. They have flourished because of a system that has invested public tax dollars in their work and, more importantly, granted substantial autonomy to funding agencies and the universities. This system is now under attack, the university's preeminence endangered by the USA PATRIOT Act and other conservative policies. This revelatory and alarming book will show how this vital institution is at risk of tragically losing its dominant status and why a threat to the university is a threat to the health and wealth of our nation.

Neo-nationalism and Universities

Author : John Aubrey Douglass
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 1421441861
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis Neo-nationalism and Universities by : John Aubrey Douglass

Download or read book Neo-nationalism and Universities written by John Aubrey Douglass and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2021-09-07 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book offers the first significant examination of the rise of neo-nationalism and its impact on the missions, activities, behaviors, and productivity of leading national universities. This book also presents the first major comparative exploration of the role of national politics and norms in shaping the role of universities in nation-states, and vice versa, and discusses when universities are societal leaders or followers-in promoting a civil society, facilitating talent mobility, in researching challenging social problems, or in reinforcing and supporting an existing social and political order"--

The Rise of American Research Universities

Author : Hugh Davis Graham
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801854255
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (542 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rise of American Research Universities by : Hugh Davis Graham

Download or read book The Rise of American Research Universities written by Hugh Davis Graham and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 1997-01-08 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before the Second World War, few universities in the United States had earned high respect among the international community of scholars and scientists. Since 1945, however, the distinctive attributes of American higher education—decentralized administration, pluralistic and research-minded faculties, and intense competition for government funding—have become world standard. Whether measured by Nobel and other prizes, international applications for student admissions and faculty appointments, or the results of academic surveys, America's top research universities are the best in the world. The Rise of American Research Universities provides a fresh historical interpretation of their ascendancy and a fresh, comprehensive estimate of their scholarly achievement. Hugh Davis Graham and Nancy Diamond question traditional methods of rating the reputation and performance of universities; they offer instead an empirical analysis of faculty productivity based on research grants received, published research, and peer approval of that work. Comparing the research achievements of faculty at more than 200 institutions, they differ with most studies of higher education in measuring performance in every academic field—from medicine to humanities—and in analyzing data on research activity in terms of institutional size. In this important and timely work, Graham and Diamond reassess the success of American universities as research institutions and the role of public funding in their developmentfrom the expansionist "golden years" of the 1950s and '60s, through the austerity measures of the 1970s and the entrepreneurial ethos of the 1980s, to the budget crises universities face in the 1990s.

The Great American University (Volume 2 of 2): Its Rise to Preeminence Its Indispensable National Role Why It Must Be Protected

Author : Jonathan R. Cole
Publisher : ReadHowYouWant.com
ISBN 13 : 145877418X
Total Pages : 610 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (587 download)

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Book Synopsis The Great American University (Volume 2 of 2): Its Rise to Preeminence Its Indispensable National Role Why It Must Be Protected by : Jonathan R. Cole

Download or read book The Great American University (Volume 2 of 2): Its Rise to Preeminence Its Indispensable National Role Why It Must Be Protected written by Jonathan R. Cole and published by ReadHowYouWant.com. This book was released on 2010-06 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Americans and people throughout the world have become increasingly dependent on America's great research universities. Yet few of us truly understand to what we owe this extraordinary excellence or what we must do to keep it. From the development of technologies like the laser, the global positioning system, the MRI, radar, and even Viagra, to predicting weather patterns, American research universities are one of our most vital sources of economic growth and social welfare. They have flourished because of a system that has invested public tax dollars in their work and, more importantly, granted substantial autonomy to funding agencies and the universities. This system is now under attack, the university's preeminence endangered by the USA PATRIOT Act and other conservative policies. This revelatory and alarming book will show how this vital institution is at risk of tragically losing its dominant status and why a threat to the university is a threat to the health and wealth of our nation. This edition is in two volumes. The first volume ISBN is 9781458774071.

A Brief History of Universities

Author : John C. Moore
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030013197
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis A Brief History of Universities by : John C. Moore

Download or read book A Brief History of Universities written by John C. Moore and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-10 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, John C. Moore surveys the history of universities, from their origin in the Middle Ages to the present. Universities have survived the disruptive power of the Protestant Reformation, the Scientific, French, and Industrial Revolutions, and the turmoil of two world wars—and they have been exported to every continent through Western imperialism. Moore deftly tells this story in a series of chronological chapters, covering major developments such as the rise of literary humanism and the printing press, the “Berlin model” of universities as research institutions, the growing importance of science and technology, and the global wave of campus activism that rocked the twentieth century. Focusing on significant individuals and global contexts, he highlights how the university has absorbed influences without losing its central traditions. Today, Moore argues, as universities seek corporate solutions to twenty-first-century problems, we must renew our commitment to a higher education that produces not only technicians, but citizens.

Wisdom's Workshop

Author : James Axtell
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691247587
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Wisdom's Workshop by : James Axtell

Download or read book Wisdom's Workshop written by James Axtell and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2023-03-07 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential history of the modern research university When universities began in the Middle Ages, Pope Gregory IX described them as "wisdom's special workshop." He could not have foreseen how far these institutions would travel and develop. Tracing the eight-hundred-year evolution of the elite research university from its roots in medieval Europe to its remarkable incarnation today, Wisdom's Workshop places this durable institution in sweeping historical perspective. In particular, James Axtell focuses on the ways that the best American universities took on Continental influences, developing into the finest expressions of the modern university and enviable models for kindred institutions worldwide. Despite hand-wringing reports to the contrary, the venerable university continues to renew itself, becoming ever more indispensable to society in the United States and beyond. Born in Europe, the university did not mature in America until the late nineteenth century. Once its heirs proliferated from coast to coast, their national role expanded greatly during World War II and the Cold War. Axtell links the legacies of European universities and Tudor-Stuart Oxbridge to nine colonial and hundreds of pre–Civil War colleges, and delves into how U.S. universities were shaped by Americans who studied in German universities and adapted their discoveries to domestic conditions and goals. The graduate school, the PhD, and the research imperative became and remain the hallmarks of the American university system and higher education institutions around the globe. A rich exploration of the historical lineage of today's research universities, Wisdom's Workshop explains the reasons for their ascendancy in America and their continued international preeminence.

The Rise and Decline of Faculty Governance

Author : Larry G. Gerber
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 1421414643
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rise and Decline of Faculty Governance by : Larry G. Gerber

Download or read book The Rise and Decline of Faculty Governance written by Larry G. Gerber and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2014-09-15 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There was a time when the faculty governed universities. Not anymore. The Rise and Decline of Faculty Governance is the first history of shared governance in American higher education. Drawing on archival materials and extensive published sources, Larry G. Gerber shows how the professionalization of college teachers coincided with the rise of the modern university in the late nineteenth century and was the principal justification for granting teachers power in making educational decisions. In the twentieth century, the efforts of these governing faculties were directly responsible for molding American higher education into the finest academic system in the world. In recent decades, however, the growing complexity of “multiversities” and the application of business strategies to manage these institutions threatened the concept of faculty governance. Faculty shifted from being autonomous professionals to being “employees.” The casualization of the academic labor market, Gerber argues, threatens to erode the quality of universities. As more faculty become contingent employees, rather than tenured career professionals enjoying both job security and intellectual autonomy, universities become factories in the knowledge economy. In addition to tracing the evolution of faculty decision making, this historical narrative provides readers with an important perspective on contemporary debates about the best way to manage America’s colleges and universities. Gerber also reflects on whether American colleges and universities will be able to retain their position of global preeminence in an increasingly market-driven environment, given that the system of governance that helped make their success possible has been fundamentally altered.

The Rights and Responsibilities of the Modern University

Author : Peter F. Lake
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781594608988
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rights and Responsibilities of the Modern University by : Peter F. Lake

Download or read book The Rights and Responsibilities of the Modern University written by Peter F. Lake and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This substantially revised and updated second edition includes discussion of recent judicial, legislative and regulatory college safety mandates, modern risk management and prevention practices, and the explosion in college safety and wellness issues (suicide, active shooter violence, sexual assault, etc.) while remaining faithful to the core vision of the first edition. The second edition also addresses the disturbing rise of a new nemesis of the facilitator university -- "Compliance U." Crushing new regulatory burdens significantly impact academic freedom and autonomy, and may interfere with the facilitator's chief goal of creating a sustainable, reasonably safe and responsible college environment. "Peter Lake has done it again. Over my seven years as General Counsel for a small faith-based college with few resources, I have utilized Peter Lake's writings as a guide to teach my constituents the basics of higher education law and to help me navigate the future in the ever-changing, litigious world of college life. From the ﬁrst edition of Rights and Responsibilities to his 2009 work Beyond Discipline, I have utilized Peter's writings to formulate a consistent legal theory that enables me to walk the tightrope of compliance, students' rights and institutional integrity." -- David A. Armstrong, J.D., Vice President and General Counsel Notre Dame College "Too often, higher education professionals leave the legal issues to lawyers. Rights and Responsibilities not only shows the need to understand our legal obligations but explains them in a practical manner that can be utilized every day in our work." -- Catherine Cocks, M.A., Director of Community Standards University of Connecticut "Professor Lake has produced another "magnum opus." He has a natural gift for making complex and cryptic legal concepts and case rulings decipherable to non-lawyers. As a university counseling center director, I will use this volume (like I did with the ﬁrst edition) as a go-to resource to aid me in contextualizing and navigating college mental health, legal and policy issues." -- John H. Dunkle, Ph.D., Executive Director, Counseling and Psychological Services Northwestern University "I have utilized Peter Lake's books as training tools for professional staff, as instructional tools for the classroom, as resource material to carry out my professional responsibilities and as guides for writing policy. The second edition of Rights and Responsibilities is another in the line of books and articles that Peter Lake provides to those of us in higher education serving as administrators, instructors, or practitioners with risk management as part of our responsibilities. This book is a must read!" -- David W. Parrott, Ed.D., Executive Associate Vice President for Student Affairs Texas A&M University

The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860-1935

Author : James D. Anderson
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 0807898880
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860-1935 by : James D. Anderson

Download or read book The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860-1935 written by James D. Anderson and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2010-01-27 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: James Anderson critically reinterprets the history of southern black education from Reconstruction to the Great Depression. By placing black schooling within a political, cultural, and economic context, he offers fresh insights into black commitment to education, the peculiar significance of Tuskegee Institute, and the conflicting goals of various philanthropic groups, among other matters. Initially, ex-slaves attempted to create an educational system that would support and extend their emancipation, but their children were pushed into a system of industrial education that presupposed black political and economic subordination. This conception of education and social order--supported by northern industrial philanthropists, some black educators, and most southern school officials--conflicted with the aspirations of ex-slaves and their descendants, resulting at the turn of the century in a bitter national debate over the purposes of black education. Because blacks lacked economic and political power, white elites were able to control the structure and content of black elementary, secondary, normal, and college education during the first third of the twentieth century. Nonetheless, blacks persisted in their struggle to develop an educational system in accordance with their own needs and desires.

The Lost Promise

Author : Ellen Schrecker
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022620085X
Total Pages : 632 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)

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Book Synopsis The Lost Promise by : Ellen Schrecker

Download or read book The Lost Promise written by Ellen Schrecker and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2021-12-17 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Ellen Schrecker shows how universities shaped the 1960s, and how the 1960s shaped them. Teach-ins and walkouts-in institutions large and small, across both the country and the political spectrum-were only the first actions that came to redefine universities as hotbeds of unrest for some and handmaidens of oppression for others. The tensions among speech, education, and institutional funding came into focus as never before-and the reverberations remain palpable today"--

A History of the University in Europe: Volume 2, Universities in Early Modern Europe (1500-1800)

Author : Hilde de Ridder-Symoens
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521361064
Total Pages : 720 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (61 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of the University in Europe: Volume 2, Universities in Early Modern Europe (1500-1800) by : Hilde de Ridder-Symoens

Download or read book A History of the University in Europe: Volume 2, Universities in Early Modern Europe (1500-1800) written by Hilde de Ridder-Symoens and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-10-24 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second volume of a four-part History of the University in Europe, written by an international team of scholars under the general editorship of Professor Walter RÜegg, which covers the development of the university in Europe (both East and West) from its origins to the present day. Volume 2 attempts to situate the universities in their social and political context throughout the three centuries spanning the period 1500 to 1800.

Reform of Higher Education in Europe

Author : J. Enders
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9460915558
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (69 download)

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Book Synopsis Reform of Higher Education in Europe by : J. Enders

Download or read book Reform of Higher Education in Europe written by J. Enders and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-21 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume ‘Reform of Higher Education in Europe’ is published in celebration of CHEPS’ 25th anniversary. All contributors to this book are working at CHEPS, and bring their extensive knowledge of the deep-seated reforms and changes to the field of higher education and research over the last 25 years. The chapters are each devoted to a detailed policy analysis deeply rooted in CHEPS’ quarter-century programme of theoretical and empirical research. Some contributions cover key themes of concern since CHEPS’ early years, including state-university relationships, quality assurance and funding. Other contributions cover more contemporary higher education policy issues, including European reform initiatives (innovation, the Bologna Process, doctoral training and the Erasmus programme) and debates around higher education institutions’ evolving functions, including the university’s third mission and the research function of universities of applied sciences. What unifies all chapters is their recognition that policy success is dependent on smart implementation grounded in a comprehensive understanding of highly complex policy processes. The book as a whole offers clear descriptions and analyses of how policy processes are implemented through co-ordinated institutional and stakeholder interventions. This volume seeks to enhance academic and policy-maker understanding of Europe’s evolving higher education system as it emerges as a cornerstone of the contemporary knowledge society.

The Great American University

Author : Jonathan R. Cole
Publisher : PublicAffairs
ISBN 13 : 078674619X
Total Pages : 640 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (867 download)

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Book Synopsis The Great American University by : Jonathan R. Cole

Download or read book The Great American University written by Jonathan R. Cole and published by PublicAffairs. This book was released on 2010-01-12 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although America’s universities have become the envy of the world for their creative energy and their production of transformative knowledge, few understand how and why they have become preeminent. This groundbreaking book traces the origins and the evolution of our great universities. It shows how they grew out of sleepy colleges at the turn of the twentieth century into powerful institutions that continue to generate new industries and advance our standard of living. Far from inevitable, this transformation was enabled by a highly competitive system that invested public tax dollars in university research and students while granting universities substantial autonomy. Today, America’s universities face considerable threats. Even greater than foreign competition are the threats from within the United States. Under the Bush administration, government increasingly imposed ideological constraints on the freedom of academic inquiry. Restrictive visa policies instituted after 9/11 continue to discourage talented foreign graduate students from training in the United States. The international financial crisis, which has depleted university endowments and state investments in higher education, threatens the vitality of some of our greatest institutions of higher learning. In order to sustain and enhance the American tradition of excellence, we must nurture this powerful—yet underappreciated—national resource.