The Rise And Fall Of Democracy Promotion In Us Foreign Policy

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The Rise and Fall of Democracy Promotion in US Foreign Policy

Author : Matthew Alan Hill
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000584585
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rise and Fall of Democracy Promotion in US Foreign Policy by : Matthew Alan Hill

Download or read book The Rise and Fall of Democracy Promotion in US Foreign Policy written by Matthew Alan Hill and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-02-20 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Rise and Fall of Democracy Promotion in US Foreign Policy employs a transformational change framework to understand US democracy promotion from 1977 until the present day. American exceptionalism is a framework that has driven the US since the founding days of the republic, charging the US to promote the universal values of liberty and the pursuit of happiness around the world. Providing a frame of continuity for successive administrations, it reinforces the mythology of American exceptionalism in the eyes of the American people and the world. In different eras, different presidential worldviews, along with different international and domestic factors, have shaped how each administration has acted in the international arena and yet all have employed this language regardless of the policies pursued. This timely volume maps-out and interrogates through four key indicators the rise and fall of democracy promotion at the conceptualisation, rhetorical, and implementation levels. It argues that there were two transformational changes during this period. The first was the expansion of democracy promotion in US foreign policy confirmed with the election of Jimmy Carter to the White House in 1977. The second was the rejection of liberal ideology and institutions confirmed with Donald Trump’s election in 2016. It is nuanced in that it shows how these changes in the acceptance and then rejection of democracy promotion as a foreign policy tool played out. In examining these two administrations, and those in-between, this work also observes that the rise and fall of democracy promotion as an effective foreign policy tool mirrored the relative dominance of the US in the international arena. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of American foreign policy, international relations, and American history.

US Foreign Policy and Democracy Promotion

Author : Michael Cox
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135917965
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis US Foreign Policy and Democracy Promotion by : Michael Cox

Download or read book US Foreign Policy and Democracy Promotion written by Michael Cox and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The promotion of democracy by the United States became highly controversial during the presidency of George W. Bush. The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan were widely perceived as failed attempts at enforced democratization, sufficient that Barack Obama has felt compelled to downplay the rhetoric of democracy and freedom in his foreign-policy. This collection seeks to establish whether a democracy promotion tradition exists, or ever existed, in US foreign policy, and how far Obama and his predecessors conformed to or repudiated it. For more than a century at least, American presidents have been driven by deep historical and ideological forces to conceive US foreign policy in part through the lens of democracy promotion. Debating how far democratic aspirations have been realized in actual foreign policies, this book draws together concise studies from many of the leading academic experts in the field to evaluate whether or not these efforts were successful in promoting democratization abroad. They clash over whether democracy promotion is an appropriate goal of US foreign policy and whether America has gained anything from it. Offering an important contribution to the field, this work is essential reading for all students and scholars of US foreign policy, American politics and international relations.

Democracy Promotion as US Foreign Policy

Author : Nicolas Bouchet
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135011176
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Democracy Promotion as US Foreign Policy by : Nicolas Bouchet

Download or read book Democracy Promotion as US Foreign Policy written by Nicolas Bouchet and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-06-19 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of democracy promotion in US foreign policy has increased considerably in the last three decades, booming especially in the immediate years after the end of the Cold War. The rise of democracy promotion originated in a long historical tradition that saw exporting American political values as instrumental in securing US security and economic interests, an idea which was expressed freely once Cold War strategic constraints disappeared. Under Bill Clinton, there was an explicit attempt to do so by reframing American strategy in terms of ‘democratic enlargement’ and this book assesses the strategic use of democracy promotion in US foreign policy and its different outcomes during his presidency. Offering a comprehensive, global review of American democracy engagement with different regions of the world and key countries during a whole presidency, this book assesses how far the US has benefited from democracy promotion. It evaluates the instrumental value of democracy promotion for America by seeing whether the Clinton administration’s efforts in this field, and their varying impacts to democratization abroad, were matched by progress in securing US strategic goals defined under enlargement, in particular reducing international conflicts and spreading economic liberalization around the world. The book explores how democracy became central to US post-Cold War strategy, how the Clinton administration developed the concept of democratic enlargement and tried to implement it, and why it remained influential on foreign policy throughout Clinton’s presidency. With an analysis of the legacy of Clinton’s democracy promotion and its relevance to the subsequent policies of George W. Bush and Barack Obama, this book is essential reading for students and scholars interested in Foreign Policy, American History and Security Studies.

Lessons from Russia

Author : Lee Marsden
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351154036
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis Lessons from Russia by : Lee Marsden

Download or read book Lessons from Russia written by Lee Marsden and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lee Marsden presents one of the most original and comprehensive analyses of US democracy promotion in Russia and argues that in order to understand the failings of democracy assistance in Russia, it is necessary to understand the inter-relation of macro- and micro-level policy. The book introduces two new models of foreign policy analysis which increase understanding of both the formulation and implementation of foreign policy. Furthermore, it demonstrates how the promotion of democracy in Russia was substantially flawed due to implementation and the US foreign policy process.

American Democracy Promotion

Author : Michael Cox
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191522775
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis American Democracy Promotion by : Michael Cox

Download or read book American Democracy Promotion written by Michael Cox and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2000-08-31 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why does the United States promote democracy? How successful has it been? And why do critics often attack it for doing so? These are at least three of the questions examined in this wide-ranging discussion of American efforts to recast the international order in its own political image. The answers provided by a distinguished group of analysts are as diverse as they are challenging to traditional ways of thinking about US democracy promotion in terms of either a misconstrued moralism or an ideological facade masking some deeper, more sinister purpose. As we enter into the Twenty First century with American hegemony intact, it is vital to understand what drives the world's last remaining superpower. And this original study helps us do precisely that by exploring in detail and depth one of the more contentious, least analysed and most misunderstood aspects of American foreign policy.

Freedom on the Offensive

Author : William Michael Schmidli
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501765167
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Freedom on the Offensive by : William Michael Schmidli

Download or read book Freedom on the Offensive written by William Michael Schmidli and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-15 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Freedom on the Offensive, William Michael Schmidli illuminates how the Reagan administration's embrace of democracy promotion was a defining development in US foreign relations in the late twentieth century. Reagan used democracy promotion to refashion the bipartisan Cold War consensus that had collapsed in the late 1960s amid opposition to the Vietnam War. Over the course of the 1980s, the initiative led to a greater institutionalization of human rights—narrowly defined to include political rights and civil liberties and to exclude social and economic rights—as a US foreign policy priority. Democracy promotion thus served to legitimize a distinctive form of US interventionism and to underpin the Reagan administration's aggressive Cold War foreign policies. Drawing on newly available archival materials, and featuring a range of perspectives from top-level policymakers and politicians to grassroots activists and militants, this study makes a defining contribution to our understanding of human rights ideas and the projection of American power during the final decade of the Cold War. Using Reagan's undeclared war on Nicaragua as a case study in US interventionism, Freedom on the Offensive explores how democracy promotion emerged as the centerpiece of an increasingly robust US human rights agenda. Yet, this initiative also became intertwined with deeply undemocratic practices that misled the American people, violated US law, and contributed to immense human and material destruction. Pursued through civil society or low-cost military interventions and rooted in the neoliberal imperatives of US-led globalization, Reagan's democracy promotion initiative had major implications for post–Cold War US foreign policy.

Democracy Promotion, National Security and Strategy

Author : Robert Pee
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317572599
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Democracy Promotion, National Security and Strategy by : Robert Pee

Download or read book Democracy Promotion, National Security and Strategy written by Robert Pee and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-07-24 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the relationship between democracy promotion and US national security strategy through an examination of the Reagan administration’s attempt to launch a global campaign for democracy in the early 1980s, which culminated in the foundation of the National Endowment for Democracy in 1983, and through an analysis of the early political interventions of the Endowment until 1986. A case study of the formation and early operations of the National Endowment for Democracy under the Reagan administration, based on primary documents from both the national security bureaucracy and the private sector, shows that while democracy promotion provided a new tactical approach to the conduct of US political warfare operations, these operations remained tied to the achievement of traditional national security goals such as destabilising enemy regimes and building stable and legitimate friendly governments, rather than being guided by a strategy based on the universal promotion of democracy. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of US Foreign Policy, Democracy Promotion and for those seeking to gain a better understanding of the Reagan Administration.

Democracy Promotion

Author : Marian Lawson
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781973744849
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (448 download)

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Book Synopsis Democracy Promotion by : Marian Lawson

Download or read book Democracy Promotion written by Marian Lawson and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-07-19 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Promoting democratic institutions, processes, and values has long been a U.S. foreign policy objective, though the priority given to this objective has been inconsistent. World events, competing priorities, and political change within the United States all shape the attention and resources provided to democracy promotion efforts and influence whether such efforts focus on supporting fair elections abroad, strengthening civil society, promoting rule of law and human rights, or other aspects of democracy promotion. Proponents of democracy promotion often assert that such efforts are essential to global development and U.S. security because stable democracies tend to have better economic growth and stronger protection of human rights, and are less likely to go to war with one another. Critics contend that U.S. relations with foreign countries should focus exclusively on U.S. interests and stability in the world order. U.S. interest in global stability, regardless of the democratic nature of national political systems, could discourage U.S. support for democratic transitions-the implementation of which is uncertain and may lead to more, rather than less, instability. Funding for democracy promotion assistance is deeply integrated into U.S. foreign policy institutions. More than $2 billion annually has been allocated from foreign assistance funds over the past decade for democracy promotion activities managed by the State Department, the U.S. Agency for International Development, the National Endowment for Democracy, and other entities. Programs promoting good governance (characterized by participation, transparency, accountability, effectiveness, and equity), rule of law, and promotion of human rights have typically received the largest share of this funding in contrast to lower funding to promote electoral processes and political competition. In recent years, increasing restrictions imposed by some foreign governments on civil society organizations have resulted in an increased emphasis in democracy promotion assistance for strengthening civil society. Despite bipartisan support for the general concept of democracy promotion, policy debates in the 115th Congress continue to question the consistency, effectiveness, and appropriateness of such foreign assistance. With the Trump Administration indicating that democracy and human rights might not be a top foreign policy priority, advocates in Congress may be challenged to find common ground with the Administration on this issue. As part of its budget and oversight responsibilities, the 115th Congress may consider the impact of the Trump Administration's requested FY2018 foreign assistance spending cuts on U.S. democracy promotion assistance, review the effectiveness of democracy promotion activities, evaluate the various channels available for democracy promotion, and consider where democracy promotion ranks among a wide range of foreign policy and budget priorities.

The Reagan Administration, the Cold War, and the Transition to Democracy Promotion

Author : Robert Pee
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319963821
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis The Reagan Administration, the Cold War, and the Transition to Democracy Promotion by : Robert Pee

Download or read book The Reagan Administration, the Cold War, and the Transition to Democracy Promotion written by Robert Pee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-28 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book posits that democracy promotion played a key role in the Reagan administration’s Cold War foreign policy. It analyzes the democracy initiatives launched under Reagan and the role of administration officials, neoconservatives and non-state actors, such as the National Endowment for Democracy (NED), in shaping a new model of democracy promotion, characterized by aid to foreign political movements and the spread of neoliberal economics. The book discusses the ideological, strategic and organizational aspects of U.S. democracy promotion in the 1980s, then analyzes case studies of democracy promotion in the Soviet bloc and in U.S.-allied dictatorships in Latin America and East Asia, and, finally, reflects on the legacy of Reagan’s democracy promotion and its influence on Clinton, Bush and Obama. Based on new research and archival documents, this book shows that the development of democracy promotion under Reagan laid the foundations for US post-Cold War foreign policy.

Advancing Democracy Abroad

Author : Michael McFaul
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9781442201118
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Advancing Democracy Abroad by : Michael McFaul

Download or read book Advancing Democracy Abroad written by Michael McFaul and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2010 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Advancing Democracy Abroad, McFaul explains how democracy provides a more accountable system of government, greater economic prosperity, and better security compared with other systems of government. He then shows how Americans have benefited from the advance of democracy abroad in the past, and speculates about security, economic, and moral benefits for the United States from potential democratic gains around the world.

Rise of Democracy

Author : Christopher Hobson
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
ISBN 13 : 0748692827
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (486 download)

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Book Synopsis Rise of Democracy by : Christopher Hobson

Download or read book Rise of Democracy written by Christopher Hobson and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2015-10-07 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores democracy's remarkable rise from obscurity to centre stage in contemporary international relations, from the rogue democratic state of 18th Century France to Western pressures for countries throughout the world to democratise.

Uncertain Democracy

Author : Lincoln Abraham Mitchell
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812241274
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Uncertain Democracy by : Lincoln Abraham Mitchell

Download or read book Uncertain Democracy written by Lincoln Abraham Mitchell and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lincoln Mitchell tracks the course of events leading up to the recent revolution in the former Soviet republic of Georgia, analyzes the contributing factors, and explores the role of the United States both in contributing to the revolution and in Georgia's failure to live up to its democratic promise.

Making the Unipolar Moment

Author : Hal Brands
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501703420
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Making the Unipolar Moment by : Hal Brands

Download or read book Making the Unipolar Moment written by Hal Brands and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2016-05-12 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 1970s, the United States often seemed to be a superpower in decline. Battered by crises and setbacks around the globe, its post–World War II international leadership appeared to be draining steadily away. Yet just over a decade later, by the early 1990s, America’s global primacy had been reasserted in dramatic fashion. The Cold War had ended with Washington and its allies triumphant; democracy and free markets were spreading like never before. The United States was now enjoying its "unipolar moment"—an era in which Washington faced no near-term rivals for global power and influence, and one in which the defining feature of international politics was American dominance. How did this remarkable turnaround occur, and what role did U.S. foreign policy play in causing it? In this important book, Hal Brands uses recently declassified archival materials to tell the story of American resurgence. Brands weaves together the key threads of global change and U.S. policy from the late 1970s through the early 1990s, examining the Cold War struggle with Moscow, the rise of a more integrated and globalized world economy, the rapid advance of human rights and democracy, and the emergence of new global challenges like Islamic extremism and international terrorism. Brands reveals how deep structural changes in the international system interacted with strategies pursued by Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, and George H. W. Bush to usher in an era of reinvigorated and in many ways unprecedented American primacy. Making the Unipolar Moment provides an indispensable account of how the post–Cold War order that we still inhabit came to be.

U.S. Democracy Promotion in the Arab World

Author : Mieczyslaw P. Boduszynski
Publisher : Lynne Rienner Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781626378179
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (781 download)

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Book Synopsis U.S. Democracy Promotion in the Arab World by : Mieczyslaw P. Boduszynski

Download or read book U.S. Democracy Promotion in the Arab World written by Mieczyslaw P. Boduszynski and published by Lynne Rienner Publishers. This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether democracy promotion should play a role in US foreign policy continues to be a subject of considerable debate, perhaps nowhere more than with regard to the Arab World. But looking beyond the "whether," what explains why, where, and how the United States promotes democracy? What caused the shift from the Obama administration's support of the Arab Spring protests in 2011 to its retreat from democracy promotion only two years later? What explains the Trump administration's focus on relationships with autocrats?In the context of these questions, Mieczyslaw Boduszynski explores the tensions between interests and ideals in US foreign policy and the possibilities and limits of US democracy promotion in a region where Washington has often supported autocracy over freedom.

Freedom in the World 2018

Author : Freedom House
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538112035
Total Pages : 1040 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Freedom in the World 2018 by : Freedom House

Download or read book Freedom in the World 2018 written by Freedom House and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 1040 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freedom in the World is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The methodology of this survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories.

Democracy Promotion: An Objective of U.S. Foreign Assistance

Author : Congressional Research Service
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781793448675
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (486 download)

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Book Synopsis Democracy Promotion: An Objective of U.S. Foreign Assistance by : Congressional Research Service

Download or read book Democracy Promotion: An Objective of U.S. Foreign Assistance written by Congressional Research Service and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Promoting democratic institutions, processes, and values has long been a U.S. foreign policy objective, though the priority given to this objective has been inconsistent. World events, competing priorities, and political change within the United States all shape the attention and resources provided to democracy promotion efforts and influence whether such efforts focus on supporting fair elections abroad, strengthening civil society, promoting rule of law and human rights, or other aspects of democracy promotion. Proponents of democracy promotion often assert that such efforts are essential to global development and U.S. security because stable democracies tend to have better economic growth and stronger protection of human rights, and are less likely to go to war with one another. Critics contend that U.S. relations with foreign countries should focus exclusively on U.S. interests and stability in the world order. U.S. interest in global stability, regardless of the democratic nature of national political systems, could discourage U.S. support for democratic transitions-the implementation of which is uncertain and may lead to more, rather than less, instability. Funding for democracy promotion assistance is deeply integrated into U.S. foreign policy institutions. More than $2 billion annually has been allocated from foreign assistance funds over the past decade for democracy promotion activities managed by the State Department, the U.S. Agency for International Development, the National Endowment for Democracy, and other entities. Programs promoting good governance (characterized by participation, transparency, accountability, effectiveness, and equity), rule of law, and promotion of human rights have typically received the largest share of this funding in contrast to lower funding for programs to promote electoral processes and political competition. In recent years, increasing restrictions imposed by some foreign governments on civil society organizations have resulted in an increased emphasis in democracy promotion assistance for strengthening civil society. Despite bipartisan support for the general concept of democracy promotion, policymakers in the 116th Congress may continue to question the consistency, effectiveness, and appropriateness of such foreign assistance. With President Trump indicating in various ways that promoting democracy and human rights are not top foreign policy priorities of his Administration, advocates in Congress may be challenged to find common ground with the Administration on this issue.

Democracy Promotion as Foreign Policy

Author : Cathy Elliott
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 131720980X
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Democracy Promotion as Foreign Policy by : Cathy Elliott

Download or read book Democracy Promotion as Foreign Policy written by Cathy Elliott and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-11-27 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at democracy promotion as a form of foreign policy. Elliott asks why democracy was seen to be the answer to the 7/7 bombings in London, and why it should be promoted not in Britain, but in Pakistan. The book provides a detailed answer to these questions, examining the logic and the modes of thinking that made such a response possible through analysis of the stories we tell about ourselves: stories about time, history, development, civilisation and the ineluctable spread of democracy. Elliott argues that these narratives have become a key tool in enabling practices that differentiate selves from others, friends from enemies, the domestic from the foreign, civilisation from the barbarian. They operate with a particular conception of time and constitute a British, democratic, national identity by positing an "other" that is barbaric, alien, despotic, violent and backward. Such understandings are useful in wake of disaster, because they leave us with something to do: danger can be managed by bringing certain people and places up-to-date. However, this book shows that there are other stories to be told, and that it is possible to read stories about history against the grain and author alternative, less oppressive, versions. Providing a genealogy drawing on material from colonial and postcolonial Britain and Pakistan, including legislation, political discourse, popular culture and government projects, this book will be of interest to scholars and students focusing on democracy promotion; genealogy; critical border studies; poststructural IR; postcolonial politics; discourse analysis; identity/subjectivity; and "the war on terror".