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The Relationships Between Exposure To Community Violence Academic Performance Behavioral Functioning And Protective Factors In Urban Youth
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Book Synopsis The Relationships Between Exposure to Community Violence, Academic Performance, Behavioral Functioning and Protective Factors in Urban Youth by : Stacy A. Gahan
Download or read book The Relationships Between Exposure to Community Violence, Academic Performance, Behavioral Functioning and Protective Factors in Urban Youth written by Stacy A. Gahan and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Psychosocial Outcomes and School-related Protective Factors in Urban Youth Exposed to Community Violence by : Kristy A. Ludwig
Download or read book Psychosocial Outcomes and School-related Protective Factors in Urban Youth Exposed to Community Violence written by Kristy A. Ludwig and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examined the relation of two putative school-based protective factors--student identification with school and perceived teacher support--to psychosocial outcomes in a sample of urban youth exposed to community violence. Participants were 175 high school students ages 14-19 in grades 9-12 from a large urban school district. Primary research questions were threefold: 1) What is the relationship between exposure to violence and psychosocial outcomes? 2) What is the relationship between identification with school and teacher support and psychosocial outcomes? 3) Does identification with school and/or teacher support moderate the relationship between overall exposure to violence and psychosocial outcomes? Results indicated that exposure to violence was positively associated with internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Additionally, identification with school and teacher support were related to higher hope and fewer psychological symptoms. Externalizing symptoms were more strongly related to exposure to violence for males and females than internalizing symptoms. Adolescents that reported higher identification with school and higher teacher support reported higher hope, regardless of the level of violence exposure. Results emphasize the importance of school factors, particularly feeling connected to and supported in school, in promoting hope and limiting psychological symptoms for youth exposed to community violence.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2009-06 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Youth Violence in Context by : Eileen M. Ahlin
Download or read book Youth Violence in Context written by Eileen M. Ahlin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-09-21 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book places youth violence within a Routine Activity Ecological Framework. Youth violence, specifically youth exposure to community violence and youth perpetration of violent behaviors, occur within various contexts. Ahlin and Antunes situate their discussion of youth violence within an ecological framework, identifying how it is nested within four mesosystem layers: community, family, peers and schools, and youth characteristics. Contextualized using an ecological framework, the Routine Activity Theory and Lifestyles perspective (RAT/LS) are well suited to guide an examination of youth violence risk and protective factors across the four layers. Drawing on scholarship that explores predictors and consequences of youth violence, the authors apply RAT/LS theory to explain how community, family, peers, schools, and youth characteristics influence youth behavior. Each layer of the ecological framework unfolds to reveal the latest scholarship and contextualizes how concepts of RAT/LS, specifically the motivated offender, target suitability, and guardianship, can be applied at each level. This book also highlights the mechanisms and processes that contribute to youth exposure to and involvement in violence by exploring factors examined in the literature as protective and risk factors of youth violence. Youth violence occurs in context, and, as such, the understanding of multilevel predictors and preventive measures against it can be situated within an RAT/LS ecological framework. This work links theory to extant research. Ahlin and Antunes demonstrate how knowledge of youth violence can be used to develop a robust theoretical foundation that can inform policy to improve neighborhoods and youth experiences within their communities, families, and peers and within their schools while acknowledging the importance of individual characteristics. This monograph is essential reading for those interested in youth violence, juvenile delinquency, and juvenile justice research and anyone dedicated to preventing crime among youths.
Book Synopsis Community Violence Exposure and Adjstment in Urban Children by : Jazmin Reyes
Download or read book Community Violence Exposure and Adjstment in Urban Children written by Jazmin Reyes and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The identification of protective factors that might modify the negative effects of community violence (CV) is key for prevention efforts and the promotion of resilience among at-risk children and adolescents. The present study examined the relation between direct exposure to CV and children's social skills, externalizing and internalizing behavior problems, and academic competence in a sample of 125 African-American and Latino fifth-grade children across a nine month period. Of particular interest was the potential moderating or protective effect of positive school experiences and perceived peer acceptance in these relations. Results revealed that most children were victims of CV, with victimization status remaining relatively stable across the two time points. CV exposure was significantly associated with increased internalizing problems and decreased academic competence initially and with decreased social skills and increased externalizing problems across time. With the exception of social skills, these effects were the same for boys and girls and African-American and Latino children. Overall, analyses found no buffers of the effects of CV exposure on social skills, internalizing problems, and academic competence, but provided some evidence that being helped by other students and having a high total number of positive school experiences may help protect children from the adverse effect of CV on externalizing problems. Implications of the impact of CV exposure, as well as the moderating effects found are discussed.
Book Synopsis Exposure to Violence Among Urban Late Adolescents and Young Adults by : Mytien T. Le
Download or read book Exposure to Violence Among Urban Late Adolescents and Young Adults written by Mytien T. Le and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Youths and young adults living in high-risk, urban areas are more likely to be exposed to violence than their counterparts living in lower-risk communities. Research has explored protective factors for youth who have experienced community and family violence. Less is known about the role that activity involvement, specifically extracurricular activities (EC) and civic engagement (CE), serve among late adolescents and young adults in high-crime, urban communities. In this study, I examined the relation of community and family violence to aggression/violent behaviors and post-traumatic stress symptoms among urban late adolescents and young adults, as well as the potential protective effects of engaging in extracurricular and civic activities. The data are part of a 5-wave longitudinal project known as the Flint-Weapons Violence Study, which examines predictors of aggression and weapon violence among a sample of 426 youth growing up in Flint, MI (Bushman, Huesmann, Anderson, Gentile, et al., 2006; Huesmann et al., 2021). Using data from the 4th wave when the sample was between 18-25 years of age, the results indicate: 1) community violence exposure (but not family violence exposure) was positively related to aggressive/violent behaviors and post-traumatic stress symptoms; 2) most of the sample reported engaging in at least one extracurricular and one civic activity in the past year; 3) activity involvement did not moderate the relation between violence exposure and behavioral or emotional outcomes; and 4) negative peer influences did not moderate the relation between activity involvement and aggressive/violent behaviors. Results are discussed in relation to the need to collect more nuanced and comprehensive measures of activity involvement, and to assess developmental differences in the role of engaging in these activities in high-risk urban communities.
Book Synopsis Adolescent Psychiatry, V. 21 by : Lois T. Flaherty
Download or read book Adolescent Psychiatry, V. 21 written by Lois T. Flaherty and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Launched in 1971, Adolescent Psychiatry, in the words of founding coeditors Sherman C. Feinstein, Peter L. Giovacchini, and Arthur A. Miller, promised "to explore adolescence as a process . . . to enter challenging and exciting areas that may have profound effects on our basic concepts." Further, they promised a "series that will provide a forum for the expression of ideas and problems that plague and excite so many of us working in this enigmatic but fascinating field." For over two decades, Adolescent Psychiatry has fulfilled this promise. The repository of a wealth of original studies by preeminent clinicians, developmental researchers, and social scientists specializing in this stage of life, the series has become an essential resource for all mental health practitioners working with youth. Volume 21 honors the memory of Richard C. Marohn, former editor of Adolescent Psychiatry, and Herman D. Staples, founding member of the American Society for Adolescent Psychiatry. It begins with a section of papers that ranges over important aspects of "Development and Psychopathology." Topics explored by the contributors include: adolescents and authority; adolescents and disaster; adolescent awareness of the past; adolescent daughters of divorce; parent loss; adolescent schizophrenia; and adolescent mood disorders. Sections on "Assessment," "Issues in Psychotherapy," and "Training" round out a balanced survey of the field that is true to the spirit of this distinguished series. Volume 21 will be rewarding reading for child and adolescent therapists and all students of early development.
Book Synopsis Violence in Context by : Todd I. Herrenkohl
Download or read book Violence in Context written by Todd I. Herrenkohl and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by four leading violence researchers, this book takes a systemic view, offering a critical appraisal of research and theory that focuses on violence in youth, families, and communities.
Book Synopsis Adolescent Development and School Achievement in Urban Communities by : Gary Creasey
Download or read book Adolescent Development and School Achievement in Urban Communities written by Gary Creasey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely volume explores essential themes, issues, and challenges related to adolescents' lives and learning in underserviced urban areas. Distinguished scholars provide theoretically grounded, multidisciplinary perspectives on contexts and forces that influence adolescent development and achievement. The emphasis is on what is positive and effective, what can make a real difference in the lives and life chances for urban youths, rather than deficits and negative dysfunction. Going beyond solely traditional psychological theories, a strong conceptual framework addressing four domains for understanding adolescent development undergirds the volume: developmental continuities from childhood primary changes (biological, cognitive, social) contexts of development adolescent outcomes. A major federal government initiative is the development of programs to support underserviced urban areas. Directly relevant to this initiative, this volume contributes significantly to gaining a realistic understanding of the contexts and institutions within which urban youths live and learn.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Emotional and Behavioral Disorders by : Thomas W. Farmer
Download or read book Handbook of Research on Emotional and Behavioral Disorders written by Thomas W. Farmer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-03-26 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Research on Emotional and Behavioral Disorders explores the factors necessary for successful implementation of interventions that foster productive relationships and ecologies to establish, reinforce, and sustain adaptive patterns of emotional and behavioral functioning across childhood and into adulthood. Although there has been a concerted focus on developing evidence-based programs and practices to support the needs of children and youth with emotional and behavioral disorders, there has been less emphasis on the developmental, social, and environmental factors that impact the implementation and effectiveness of these approaches. Chapters from leading experts tackle this complexity by drawing on a range of disciplines and perspectives including special education; mental health services; school, clinical, and community psychology; social work; developmental psychology and psychopathology; and prevention science. An essential resource for scholars and students interested in emotional and behavioral disorders, this volume crafts an essential framework to promote developmentally meaningful strategies for children and youth with even the most adverse experiences and intensive support needs.
Book Synopsis The Impact of Exposure to School Violence and the Role of Hope in Low-income, Urban Youth by : Linda A. Cedeno
Download or read book The Impact of Exposure to School Violence and the Role of Hope in Low-income, Urban Youth written by Linda A. Cedeno and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the prevalence and impact of personal victimization and witnessing violence in the school setting in a sample of low-income, ethnic-minority children. In addition, hope was examined as a potential protective factor in buffing youth from the development of problem behaviors in the context of school-specific violence. It was hypothesized that exposure to school violence would be positively associated with externalizing symptoms. Additionally, it was hypothesized that hope would be positively related to indices of adjustment, and inversely related to problem behaviors. Finally, exploratory questions suggested by extant research were posed further investigating associations between exposure to school violence and adjustment. Additionally, the moderating effects of hope and gender on the linkages between exposure to school violence and psychological and behavioral functioning were examined. Data were derived from a longitudinal primary prevention research project evaluating the impact of a social and emotional learning curriculum. Participants were approximately 161 African-American and Latino fifth graders. Students completed self-reports of self-concept and hope. Teachers completed a teacher-rated survey assessing levels of problem behaviors, social skills, and academic competence for each student in their class. Results indicated that the majority of youth had been personally victimized and witnessed violence on one or more occasion during a three-month period. In addition, exposure to school violence was positively associated with problem behaviors, and negatively associated with social skills, self-concept, and academic competence, most notably for males. Moreover, hope provided a buffering effect on females' self-concept for those witnessing higher levels of school violence. Implications of both the prevalence and impact of exposure to school violence, as well as the limited moderating effects of hope found in the current study are discussed in relation to intervention efforts and strengthening future research sampling low-income, ethnic-minority youth.
Book Synopsis Building foundations: How neighborhood social and built environment factors impact children’s learning by : Parisa Parsafar
Download or read book Building foundations: How neighborhood social and built environment factors impact children’s learning written by Parisa Parsafar and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-01-25 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Power of Developmental Assets in Building Behavioral Adjustment Among Youth Exposed to Community Violence by : Sonia Jain
Download or read book The Power of Developmental Assets in Building Behavioral Adjustment Among Youth Exposed to Community Violence written by Sonia Jain and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researchers and practitioners have repeatedly noted substantial variation in the behavioral functioning of youth exposed to community violence. Several studies across fields have documented the detrimental effects of exposure to violence, while other studies have considered how developmental assets promote positive youth development. However, few have examined the lives of the many youth who demonstrate resilience (that is, positive adjustment despite risk) and hardly any have examined how developmental assets may shape resilient trajectories into adulthood for youth exposed to violence. What resources and relationships can high-risk youth leverage to tip the balance from vulnerability in favor of resilience? We used generalized estimating equations, a multivariable technique appropriate for longitudinal and clustered data, to examine multilevel longitudinal data from 1,114 youth ages 11-16 from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN). We considered whether baseline family, peer and neighborhood-level protective factors predicted behavioral adjustment 3-7 years later, among youth who were victims of, witnesses of, or unexposed to violence, controlling for individual and neighborhood-level risks. Behavioral adjustment varied across waves and by exposure to violence. In the short-term, being a victim was associated with increased aggression and delinquency. In the long-term, though, both victims and witnesses to violence had higher odds of behavioral adjustment. Family support, friend support and neighborhood support, family boundaries and collective efficacy had protective effects, and family support, positive peers, and meaningful opportunities modified the effect of exposure to violence to increase the odds of behavioral adjustment over time. Policies, systems and programs across sectors that help nurture these specific supports and opportunities can promote positive behavioral trajectories and resilience into adulthood among urban youth exposed to community violence.
Book Synopsis Exposure to Community Violence Among Urban Adolescents by : Steven Edward Bruce
Download or read book Exposure to Community Violence Among Urban Adolescents written by Steven Edward Bruce and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Developmental Psychopathology, Risk, Resilience, and Intervention by : Dante Cicchetti
Download or read book Developmental Psychopathology, Risk, Resilience, and Intervention written by Dante Cicchetti and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-02-01 with total page 1155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examine the latest research merging nature and nurture in pathological development Developmental Psychopathology is a four-volume compendium of the most complete and current research on every aspect of the field. Volume Four: Genes and Environment focuses on the interplay between nature and nurture throughout the life stages, and the ways in which a child's environment can influence his or her physical and mental health as an adult. The discussion explores relationships with family, friends, and the community; environmental factors like poverty, violence, and social support; the development of coping mechanisms, and more, including the impact of these factors on physical brain development. This new third edition has been fully updated to incorporate the latest advances, and to better reflect the increasingly multilevel and interdisciplinary nature of the field and the growing importance of translational research. The relevance of classification in a developmental context is also addressed, including DSM-5 criteria and definitions. Advances in developmental psychopathology are occurring increasingly quickly as expanding theoretical and empirical work brings about dramatic gains in the multiple domains of child and adult development. This book brings you up to date on the latest developments surrounding genetics and environmental influence, including their intersection in experience-dependent brain development. Understand the impact of childhood adversity on adulthood health Gauge the effects of violence, poverty, interparental conflict, and more Learn how peer, family, and community relationships drive development Examine developments in prevention science and future research priorities Developmental psychopathology is necessarily interdisciplinary, as development arises from a dynamic interplay between psychological, genetic, social, cognitive, emotional, and cultural factors. Developmental Psychopathology Volume Four: Genes and Environment brings this diverse research together to give you a cohesive picture of the state of knowledge in the field.
Book Synopsis Adolescents in Public Housing by : Von E. Nebbitt
Download or read book Adolescents in Public Housing written by Von E. Nebbitt and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-09 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescents in Public Housing incorporates data from multiple public-housing sites in large U.S. cities to shine much-needed light on African American youth living in non–HOPE VI public-housing neighborhoods. With findings grounded in research, the book gives practitioners and policy makers a solid grasp of the attitudes toward deviance, alcohol and drug abuse, and depressive symptoms characterizing these communities, and links them explicitly to gaps in policy and practice. A long-overdue study of a system affecting not just a minority of children but the American public at large, Adolescents in Public Housing initiates new, productive paths for research on this vulnerable population and contributes to preventive interventions that may improve the lives of affected youth.
Book Synopsis Community Violence Exposure, Social Support, and Emotional Functioning in Urban Youth by : Christy M. Dabreo
Download or read book Community Violence Exposure, Social Support, and Emotional Functioning in Urban Youth written by Christy M. Dabreo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
