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The Relationship Between Onion Thrips Thrips Tabaci And The Bacterial Pathogens Pantoea Agglomeransand Pantoea Ananatis
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Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Onion Thrips (Thrips Tabaci) and the Bacterial Pathogens Pantoea Agglomeransand Pantoea Ananatis by : Ari S. Grode
Download or read book The Relationship Between Onion Thrips (Thrips Tabaci) and the Bacterial Pathogens Pantoea Agglomeransand Pantoea Ananatis written by Ari S. Grode and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sources of Inoculum, Epidemiology, and Integrated Management of Bacterial Rots of Onion (Allium Cepa) with a Focus on Center Rot, Caused by Pantoea Ananatis and Pantoea Agglomerans by : Emily Pfeufer
Download or read book Sources of Inoculum, Epidemiology, and Integrated Management of Bacterial Rots of Onion (Allium Cepa) with a Focus on Center Rot, Caused by Pantoea Ananatis and Pantoea Agglomerans written by Emily Pfeufer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Commercial acreage devoted to onion production has increased exponentially in Pennsylvania (PA) over the past fifteen years for several reasons, including the development of the PA Simply Sweet® marketing program, the establishment of grower cooperatives, and renewed consumer interest in fresh, local produce. Even with increasing acreage of onions in PA, consumer demands for the crop are not met by current production. Bacterial rots of onion are the most significant diseases reducing harvest and storage yields of the crop, in some instances diminishing marketable yields by 60%. Growers manage bacterial rots of onion through combinations of chemical and cultural practices, including copper fungicides, plastic mulch, and drip irrigation; however, yields remain variable between seasons and farms. These producers are interested in alternative practices, including plant defense-inducing treatments, carefully planned applications of fertilizer during drip irrigation (fertigation), and targeted insect management for more consistent control of bacterial diseases, however, data is lacking on the effectiveness of these practices in PA. The ultimate goal of the following research is to contribute additional integrated management tools to the existing grower knowledge base to increase the profitability of growing onions in PA. As a relatively new pathosystem in PA, basic and applied research was conducted in order to better understand the impact of bacterial rots on marketable yield of onion in the state. The principal bacterial pathogens were identified as Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, Pantoea agglomerans, and Pseudomonas marginalis pv. marginalis. Sources of bacterial inoculum, including soil, transplants, and weeds, were elucidated in addition to investigation of ecological interactions between these species, their hosts, and the cropping system. Aspects of the production system are suggested to affect plant disease in both pathogen- and disease-specific ways, such as the association of black plastic mulch with increased detection of P. agglomerans, and early-season soil nitrate resulting in decreased detections of leaf pathogens. On-farm management factors as observed in PA and New York indicate that higher incidences of bacterial rots of onion are associated with low foliar nitrogen and high soil temperatures near the physiological onset of bulbing. Replicated field trials in which plant defense-inducing and growth-promoting compounds were compared for their efficacy in managing center rot of onion (Pantoea ananatis and P. agglomerans) indicated moderate disease incidence among all treatments, including the copper-based grower standard treatment, which was only effective at low levels of inoculum pressure. Comparisons of the source and timing of nitrogen fertilizer application were completed in a replicated field study, and one year of data suggests an association between late-season fertilizer application and higher incidence of center rot. In addition, data were generated in an effort to understand the role of thrips in the epidemiology of center rot disease. Taken together, these datasets have increased the overall knowledge about the bacterial rot -- onion pathosystem in Pennsylvania, elucidated management practices that hold promise for future replicated study, and improved management of bacterial rots of onion, particularly through dissemination of research results to growers during extension presentations.
Book Synopsis Responding to Growers' Needs by : Jennie Mazzone
Download or read book Responding to Growers' Needs written by Jennie Mazzone and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Onion growers in Pennsylvania are continually challenged by in-field and post-harvest yield losses due to bacterial pathogens. In 2013, losses due to bacterial disease reduced the number of marketable onion boxes over 40%, resulting in a total loss of $488,000. The primary bacterial pathogens in Pennsylvania include the onion center rot pathogens Pantoea ananatis and Pantoea agglomerans and are the focus of this research. Although, there are a number of cultural and in-season management practices currently used by growers to reduce the risk of center rot, unacceptable losses still frequently occur and there is a need to develop more targeted strategies that can be incorporated into an integrated pest management program. The three management strategies evaluated in this research were cultivar selection, augmented nitrogen fertigation programs and pre-plant onion transplant treatments. Currently, there are no known onion breeding programs targeting center rot, nor have there been many trials to evaluate the susceptibility of commercially available cultivars. To address this knowledge gap, thirteen onion cultivars were evaluated between 2015 and 2016 for center rot susceptibility, marketability and select horticultural characteristics. The only cultivar to have lower disease incidence and severity and comparable yields to grower standard cv. Candy was cv. Spanish Medallion. Preliminary data suggested that applying total crop nitrogen prior to onion bulbing increased total yield and reduced bacterial disease incidence. Also, it was observed that low lying areas in heavily manured fields used for onion production have had up to 83% bacterial bulb decay incidence at harvest. Based on this knowledge, we evaluated whether the timing and rate of nitrogen application could reduce center rot losses at harvest. A positive, quadratic relationship was found between foliar nitrogen levels at bulbing and center rot incidence at harvest. An interaction existed between rate and time but trends in this relationship were variable based on field trial location. Eliminating P. ananatis and P. agglomerans prior to planting through use of a transplant bactericide could reduce a potential source of inoculum and provide growers with another management tool. Hydrogen dioxide, hydrogen peroxide with mono- and di-potassium salts of phosphorus acid, copper sulfate pentahydrate and streptomycin sulfate were all effective at reducing P. ananatis and P. agglomerans as epiphytes on onion transplants and in-vitro. The results of this research would also be widely applicable to other onion production systems and has been influential in the development of a horticultural production guide to aid professionals and growers in low-input horticulture and disease management decisions in Honduras. The results of this research have increased the collective knowledge on the potential use of cultivar selection, nitrogen application rate and timing and bactericide sensitivity to manage onion center rot and will be used to provide growers higher precision disease management options.
Book Synopsis Population and Comparative Genomics of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria by : Jeffrey Jones
Download or read book Population and Comparative Genomics of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria written by Jeffrey Jones and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-09-02 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Insights on Plant-Associated Microorganisms: Diversity, Systematics and Genomics by : James T. Tambong
Download or read book Insights on Plant-Associated Microorganisms: Diversity, Systematics and Genomics written by James T. Tambong and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-11-16 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phytobacteriology written by J. D. Janse and published by CABI. This book was released on 2006 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive manual of phytobacteriology is heavily illustrated with over 200 colour photographs and line illustrations. It begins by outlining the history and science of bacteriology and gives an overview of the diversity and versatility of complex bacteria. It then explains the characterization, identification and naming of complex bacteria, and explores how bacteria can cause disease and how plants react to such disease. The book also discusses the economic importance of bacterial diseases as well as strategies for their control and the reduction of crop losses. It concludes with fifty examples of plant pathogenic bacteria and the diseases that they cause.
Book Synopsis Plant Growth-Promoting Microbes for Sustainable Biotic and Abiotic Stress Management by : Heba I. Mohamed
Download or read book Plant Growth-Promoting Microbes for Sustainable Biotic and Abiotic Stress Management written by Heba I. Mohamed and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-02 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abiotic and biotic stress factors, including drought, salinity, waterlog, temperature extremes, mineral nutrients, heavy metals, plant diseases, nematodes, viruses, and diseases, adversely affect growth as well as yield of crop plants worldwide. Plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) are receiving increasing attention from agronomists and environmentalists as candidates to develop an effective, eco-friendly, and sustainable alternative to conventional agricultural (e.g., chemical fertilizers and pesticide) and remediation (e.g., chelators-enhanced phytoremediation) methods employed to deal with climate change-induced stresses. Recent studies have shown that plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), rhizobia, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), cyanobacteria have great potentials in the management of various agricultural and environmental problems. This book provides current research of biofertilizers and the role of microorganisms in plant health, with specific emphasis on the mitigating strategies to combat plant stresses.
Book Synopsis Insect Vectors and Plant Pathogens by : Nachhattar Singh Butter
Download or read book Insect Vectors and Plant Pathogens written by Nachhattar Singh Butter and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-08-14 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of pathogens and vectors, unique symptoms of diseases and economic importance of important viral diseases have been dealt with in the introductory chapter of this book. While highlighting the role of arthropods, nematodes, and fungi; other agents of the spread of plant pathogens have also been included. Important aspects of insect vectors with direct bearing on transmission, i.e. vector identification, biology, feeding apparatus, and mechanism of spread including control of pathogens through vectors are covered comprehensively. As aphids and other hemipterous insects are major insect vectors, the book stresses on this order. There is a focus on the transmission of determinants under different categories of the transmission mechanism. The transmission determinant paradigm comprising coat protein and helper component has been expounded with recent cases. A brief description of new diseases at least one from each genus of plant viruses has been included in this compendium to elucidate the interaction of vector and virus. Phytoplasmal etiology of pathogens has been detailed separately on account of their importance. The transmission of plant viruses through insects with biting and chewing type of mouth parts has been discussed in detail as separate chapter. The latest research in the field of mites, nematodes, and fungi as vectors of plant viruses has been included. How the phytotoxemia is different from other crop disorders, has been critically explained with support from suitable and common examples of crop disorders. The book also highlights the effects of plant viruses on their vectors. An account of classification of plant viruses has also been given for better understanding of subject matter. Likewise, the information on the electron microscope along with its use has been included so as to define the procedure of examining sub-microscopic entities. The latest developments in the management of plant pathogens through vector management have been discussed with special reference to the use of biotechnology, crop protection, and plant resistance. The book will be of value to the teachers and to researchers. It will also be useful for extension workers in managing crop disorders. Students and researchers of entomology, plant pathology, plant protection and virology disciplines will obtain the latest in the field, through this book.
Book Synopsis Microbial Production of Food Ingredients, Enzymes and Nutraceuticals by : Brian McNeil
Download or read book Microbial Production of Food Ingredients, Enzymes and Nutraceuticals written by Brian McNeil and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-03-21 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacteria, yeast, fungi and microalgae can act as producers (or catalysts for the production) of food ingredients, enzymes and nutraceuticals. With the current trend towards the use of natural ingredients in foods, there is renewed interest in microbial flavours and colours, food bioprocessing using enzymes and food biopreservation using bacteriocins. Microbial production of substances such as organic acids and hydrocolloids also remains an important and fast-changing area of research. Microbial production of food ingredients, enzymes and nutraceuticals provides a comprehensive overview of microbial production of food ingredients, enzymes and nutraceuticals. Part one reviews developments in the metabolic engineering of industrial microorganisms and advances in fermentation technology in the production of fungi, yeasts, enzymes and nutraceuticals. Part two discusses the production and application in food processing of substances such as carotenoids, flavonoids and terponoids, enzymes, probiotics and prebiotics, bacteriocins, microbial polysaccharides, polyols and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Microbial production of food ingredients, enzymes and nutraceuticals is an invaluable guide for professionals in the fermentation industry as well as researchers and practitioners in the areas of biotechnology, microbiology, chemical engineering and food processing. Provides a comprehensive overview of microbial flavours and colours, food bioprocessing using enzymes and food biopreservation using bacteriocins Begins with a review of key areas of systems biology and metabolic engineering, including methods and developments for filamentous fungi Analyses the use of microorganisms for the production of natural molecules for use in foods, including microbial production of food flavours and carotenoids
Book Synopsis Onions and Other Vegetable Alliums by : James L. Brewster
Download or read book Onions and Other Vegetable Alliums written by James L. Brewster and published by CABI. This book was released on 2008 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully revised, expanded and updated edition of the successful text, Onions and Other Vegetable Alliums, relates the production and utilization of these familiar and important vegetable crops to the many aspects of plant science underpinning their production and storage technologies. Chapters cover species and crop types, plant structure, genetics and breeding, physiology of growth and development as well as pests and diseases, production agronomy, storage after harvest and the biochemistry of flavour, storage carbohydrates and colour and how this relates to nutritional and health benefits. From this wide perspective it is possible to see many examples where underlying scientific knowledge illuminates, explains and can improve agronomic practice. The reader will get an insight into how molecular methods are revolutionizing the study of taxonomy, genetics, pathology and physiology and how these methods are being applied in the breeding of improved crops.
Book Synopsis Compendium of Onion and Garlic Diseases and Pests by : Howard F. Schwartz
Download or read book Compendium of Onion and Garlic Diseases and Pests written by Howard F. Schwartz and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compendium of Onion and Garlic Diseases and Pests, Second Edition provides an updated, comprehensive, authoritative, and modern account of onion and garlic diseases and insect pests. It covers over 75 diseases including infectious and noninfectious diseases. The new edition contains nearly 250 color photographs of onion and garlic disease symptoms with expert descriptions of the identifying characteristics of symptoms and their causal agents. In addition to disease coverage, the new edition identifies the crop’s most damaging pests, the symptoms they cause, and methods to control and prevent them.Disease management practices should be economical and must be compatible with the environment and the production system. Thus, many options for onion and garlic disease management are discussed. The description of each disease includes a general account of its importance and world distribution, symptoms, causal organism or agent, disease cycle and epidemiology, management, and selected references. The references document the descriptions and may be consulted for further information.This compendium is designed to assist in the diagnosis of onion and garlic diseases and pests, in the field, laboratory, or diagnostic clinic, and to provide recommendations for management of onion and garlic diseases and pests. The compendium will be useful to plant pathologists, entomologists, nematologists, crop production specialists, growers, diagnostic clinicians, students, regulatory agents, crop consultants, agribusiness representatives, educators, researchers, and others interested in the recognition or management of onion and garlic diseases throughout the world. - Publisher.
Book Synopsis Microbial Cell Factories Engineering for Production of Biomolecules by : Vijai Singh
Download or read book Microbial Cell Factories Engineering for Production of Biomolecules written by Vijai Singh and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-02-13 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial Cell Factories Engineering for Production of Biomolecules presents a compilation of chapters written by eminent scientists worldwide. Sections cover major tools and technologies for DNA synthesis, design of biosynthetic pathways, synthetic biology tools, biosensors, cell-free systems, computer-aided design, OMICS tools, CRISPR/Cas systems, and many more. Although it is not easy to find relevant information collated in a single volume, the book covers the production of a wide range of biomolecules from several MCFs, including Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas putida, Streptomyces, Corynebacterium, Cyanobacteria, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris and Yarrowia lipolytica, and algae, among many others. This will be an excellent platform from which scientific knowledge can grow and widen in MCF engineering research for the production of biomolecules. Needless to say, the book is a valuable source of information not only for researchers designing cell factories, but also for students, metabolic engineers, synthetic biologists, genome engineers, industrialists, stakeholders and policymakers interested in harnessing the potential of MCFs in several fields. Offers basic understanding and a clear picture of various MCFs Explains several tools and technologies, including DNA synthesis, synthetic biology tools, genome editing, biosensors, computer-aided design, and OMICS tools, among others Harnesses the potential of engineered MCFs to produce a wide range of biomolecules for industrial, therapeutic, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and biotechnological applications Highlights the advances, challenges, and future opportunities in designing MCFs
Book Synopsis Guide to Plant Pathogenic Bacteria by : J. F. Bradbury
Download or read book Guide to Plant Pathogenic Bacteria written by J. F. Bradbury and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1985-12-31 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acetobacter. Actinomyces. Aerobacter. Agrobacterium. Aplanobacter. Aplanobacterium. Arthrobacter. Bacillus. Bacterium. Burkholderiella. Chlorobacter. Chromobacterium. Clavibacter. Clostridium. Coccus. Corynebacterium. Curtobacterium. Diplococcus. Empedobcter. Enterobacter. Erwinia. Eubacterium. Flavobacterium. Gluconobacter. Innominatus. Kurthia. Methanobacterium. Methanobrevibacter. Micrococcus. Mycobacterium. Norcadia. Pectobacterium. Phytobacter. Phytobacterium. Phytomonas. Polyangium. Polymonas. Proteus. Psudobacterium. Pseudomonas. Rhodococcus. Serratia. Spiroplasma. Streptomyces. Xanthomonas. Host-pathogen index. Frequently cited references.
Book Synopsis Health and Safety Aspects of Food Processing Technologies by : Abdul Malik
Download or read book Health and Safety Aspects of Food Processing Technologies written by Abdul Malik and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-31 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food processing is expected to affect content, activity and bioavailability of nutrients; the health-promoting capacity of food products depends on their processing history. Traditional technologies, such as the use of antimicrobials and thermal processing, are efficient in increasing nutritional value to an extent, though they may not be effective at addressing food safety, particularly when it comes to maintaining the food's molecular structure. Modern food processing plants improve the quality of life for people with allergies, diabetics, and others who cannot consume some common food elements. Food processing can also add extra nutrients, such as vitamins. Processed foods are often less susceptible to early spoilage than fresh foods and are better suited for long-distance transportation from the source to the consumer. However, food processing can also decrease the nutritional value of foods and introduce hazards not encountered with naturally occurring products. Processed foods often include food additives, such as flavourings and texture-enhancing agents, which may have little or no nutritive value, and may in fact be unhealthy. This book deals with the subject of food processing in a unique way, providing an overview not only of current techniques in food processing and preservation (i.e., dairy, meat, cereal, vegetables, fruits and juice processing, etc.) but also the health and safety aspects: food technologies that improve nutritional quality of foods, functional foods, and nanotechnology in the food and agriculture industry. The text also looks into the future by defining current bottlenecks and future research goals. This work will serve as a ready reference for the subject matter to students and researchers alike.
Book Synopsis Principles of Plant-Microbe Interactions by : Ben Lugtenberg
Download or read book Principles of Plant-Microbe Interactions written by Ben Lugtenberg and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-04 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of microbial plant protection products is growing and their importance will strongly increase due to political and public pressure. World population is growing and the amount of food needed by 2050 will be double of what is produced now whereas the area of agricultural land is decreasing. We must increase crop yield in a sustainable way. Chemical plant growth promoters must be replaced by microbiological products. Also here, the use of microbial products is growing and their importance will strongly increase. A growing area of agricultural land is salinated. Global warming will increase this process. Plants growth is inhibited by salt or even made impossible and farmers tend to disuse the most salinated lands. Microbes have been very successfully used to alleviate salt stress of plants. Chemical pollution of land can make plant growth difficult and crops grown are often polluted and not suitable for consumption. Microbes have been used to degrade these chemical pollutants.
Book Synopsis Thrips as Crop Pests by : Trevor Lewis
Download or read book Thrips as Crop Pests written by Trevor Lewis and published by Cabi. This book was released on 1997 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive treatise on thrips as crop pests set against a background covering basic biology, ecology, applied science and pest control.
Book Synopsis Global Perspectives on Astaxanthin by : Gokare A. Ravishankar
Download or read book Global Perspectives on Astaxanthin written by Gokare A. Ravishankar and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-04-10 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global Perspectives on Astaxanthin: From Industrial Production to Food, Health, and Pharmaceutical Applications explores the range of practical applications for this molecule, focusing on nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical products, along with food and feed. This volume brings together the most relevant research, background and future thinking on astaxanthin, focusing on its health benefits. Chapters cover phytopharmaceuticals, industrial production, feeds, downstream processing, regulations, products, color, pigment, cosmetics, bioactive compounds, relationships to other carotenoids, and skin care. The detailed information on its production, processing, utilization and future applications will be of particular use to academic and industry researchers in pharmaceutical sciences, pharmacology and nutrition. Provides detailed information on astaxanthin, including its production, processing, utilization and future applications Includes discussion on the commercial analysis procedure Offers critical analysis on current and potential applications of astaxanthin as contributed by 121 authors from 22 countries in academia, research institutes and industries
