The Reason Why The Post Civil War Agrarian Crisis In Spain

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The Reason why

Author : Thomas Christiansen
Publisher : Universidad de Zaragoza
ISBN 13 : 8415274505
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (152 download)

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Book Synopsis The Reason why by : Thomas Christiansen

Download or read book The Reason why written by Thomas Christiansen and published by Universidad de Zaragoza. This book was released on 2012 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the influence of Francoist policy on agricultural output in the 1939-55 period. The focus is on the wheat, olive and wine sectors and special attention is given to small-scale farmers. Agrarian policy for wheat and olive oil included pricefixing, production quotas and rationing of consumption. Producers and consumers circumvented intervention by creating a black market. When earnings from the black market are included, value of output per unit of land remained close to pre-war levels. It is then concluded that the decrease in wheat output was caused by lack of draught animals and fertilisers rather than state intervention. Intervention in the wheat sector was therefore desirable from a social viewpoint but the system could have been improved significantly. Average olive oil output only fell below the pre-war level immediately after the war. Consequently, state intervention was unnecessary after 1942-43 and could have been abolished long before it was finally done in 1952. In the wine sector, policy aimed at increasing farm prices rather than decreasing consumer prices. Table wine consumption declined after the war but this was counteracted by higher demand for high-alcohol white wine for the production of brandy and industrial alcohol. Consequently, the analysis shows that similar kinds of intervention led to quite different result in terms of production, as demonstrated in the cases of wheat and olives. On the other hand, different types of intervention led to similar results in production for olives and vines.

The Reason Why: the Post Civil-war Agrarian Crisis in Spain

Author : Thomas Christiansen
Publisher : Universidad de Zaragoza
ISBN 13 : 8415538197
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (155 download)

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Book Synopsis The Reason Why: the Post Civil-war Agrarian Crisis in Spain by : Thomas Christiansen

Download or read book The Reason Why: the Post Civil-war Agrarian Crisis in Spain written by Thomas Christiansen and published by Universidad de Zaragoza. This book was released on 2012-05-07 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the influence of Francoist policy on agricultural output in the 1939-55 period. The focus is on the wheat, olive and wine sectors and special attention is given to small-scale farmers. Agrarian policy for wheat and olive oil included pricefixing, production quotas and rationing of consumption. Producers and consumers circumvented intervention by creating a black market. When earnings from the black market are included, value of output per unit of land remained close to pre-war levels. It is then concluded that the decrease in wheat output was caused by lack of draught animals and fertilisers rather than state intervention. Intervention in the wheat sector was therefore desirable from a social viewpoint but the system could have been improved significantly. Average olive oil output only fell below the pre-war level immediately after the war. Consequently, state intervention was unnecessary after 1942-43 and could have been abolished long before it was finally done in 1952. In the wine sector, policy aimed at increasing farm prices rather than decreasing consumer prices. Table wine consumption declined after the war but this was counteracted by higher demand for high-alcohol white wine for the production of brandy and industrial alcohol. Consequently, the analysis shows that similar kinds of intervention led to quite different result in terms of production, as demonstrated in the cases of wheat and olives. On the other hand, different types of intervention led to similar results in production for olives and vines

Why Democracy Failed

Author : James Simpson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108803334
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Why Democracy Failed by : James Simpson

Download or read book Why Democracy Failed written by James Simpson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-07 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this distinctive new history of the origins of the Spanish Civil War, James Simpson and Juan Carmona tackle the highly-debated issue of why it was that Spain's democratic Second Republic failed. They explore the interconnections between economic growth, state capacity, rural social mobility and the creation of mass competitive political parties, and how these limited the effectiveness of the new republican governments, and especially their attempts to tackle economic and social problems within the agricultural sector. They show how political change during the Republic had a major economic impact on the different groups in village society, leading to social conflicts that turned to polarization and finally, with the civil war, to violence and brutality. The democratic Republic failed not so much because of the opposition from the landed elites, but rather because small farmers had been unable to exploit more effectively their newly found political voice.

Franco's Famine

Author : Miguel Ángel del Arco Blanco
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350174661
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Franco's Famine by : Miguel Ángel del Arco Blanco

Download or read book Franco's Famine written by Miguel Ángel del Arco Blanco and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-09-09 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At least 200,000 people died from hunger or malnutrition-related diseases in Spain during the 1940s. This book provides a political explanation for the famine and brings together a broad range of academics based in Spain, the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia to achieve this. Topics include the political causes of the famine, the physical and social consequences, the ways Spaniards tried to survive, the regime's reluctance to accept international relief, the politics of cooking at a time of famine, and the memory of the famine. The volume challenges the silence and misrepresentation that still surround the famine. It reveals the reality of how people perished in Spain because the Francoist authorities instituted a policy of food self-sufficiency (or autarky): a system of price regulation which placed restrictions on transport as well as food sales. The contributors trace the massive decline in food production which followed, the hoarding which took place on an enormous scale and the vast and deeply iniquitous black market that subsequently flourished at a time when salaries plunged to 50% below their levels in 1936: all contributing factors in the large-scale atrocity explored fully here for the first time.

Agrarian Reform and Peasant Revolution in Spain; Origins of the Civil War

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (136 download)

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Book Synopsis Agrarian Reform and Peasant Revolution in Spain; Origins of the Civil War by :

Download or read book Agrarian Reform and Peasant Revolution in Spain; Origins of the Civil War written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historical account of the land tenure system and social structure in Spain in the early 20th century and examination of the theory that the failure of the republican government to implement the agrarian reform programme in the 1930s led to political problems and was one of the major causes of the civil war. Bibliography pp. 441 to 451, references and statistical tables.

Agriculture and the Great Depression

Author : Gérard Béaur
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000640574
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Agriculture and the Great Depression by : Gérard Béaur

Download or read book Agriculture and the Great Depression written by Gérard Béaur and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-14 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What role did the agricultural sector play in the economic crash of 1929? Taking evidence from country cases across Europe and the Americas, this edited volume explores short-, medium- and long- term perspectives on the primary sector. The monograph brings together the voices of an international panel of contributors who examine issues such as falling prices, industrial production, unemployment and the stagnation of aggregate demand. Together, they frame the interwar period as a pivotal turning point in the decline of subsistence agriculture and the growth of agricultural subsidies, which remain a key policy tool in many economies today. This illuminating book will be of interest to advanced students and researchers in economic history, agricultural history, globalization and economic development.

Agrarian Reform and the Peasant Revolution in Spain

Author : Edward Emanuel Malefakis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (277 download)

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Book Synopsis Agrarian Reform and the Peasant Revolution in Spain by : Edward Emanuel Malefakis

Download or read book Agrarian Reform and the Peasant Revolution in Spain written by Edward Emanuel Malefakis and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Agriculture in Capitalist Europe, 1945–1960

Author : Carin Martiin
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315465922
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)

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Book Synopsis Agriculture in Capitalist Europe, 1945–1960 by : Carin Martiin

Download or read book Agriculture in Capitalist Europe, 1945–1960 written by Carin Martiin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-06-17 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the years before the Second World War agriculture in most European states was carried out on peasant or small family farms using technologies that relied mainly on organic inputs and local knowledge and skills, supplying products into a market that was partly local or national, partly international. The war applied a profound shock to this system. In some countries farms became battlefields, causing the extensive destruction of buildings, crops and livestock. In others, farmers had to respond to calls from the state for increased production to cope with the effects of wartime disruption of international trade. By the end of the war food was rationed when it was obtainable at all. Only fifteen years later the erstwhile enemies were planning ways of bringing about a single agricultural market across much of continental western Europe, as farmers mechanised, motorized, shed labour, invested capital, and adopted new technologies to increase output. This volume brings together scholars working on this period of dramatic technical, commercial and political change in agriculture, from the end of the Second World War to the emergence of the Common Agricultural Policy in the early 1960s. Their work is structured around four themes: the changes in the international political order within which agriculture operated; the emergence of a range of different market regulation schemes that preceded the CAP; changes in technology and the extent to which they were promoted by state policy; and the impact of these political and technical changes on rural societies in western Europe.

Political Economy of the Spanish Miracle

Author : Diego Ayala
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1003823203
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Political Economy of the Spanish Miracle by : Diego Ayala

Download or read book Political Economy of the Spanish Miracle written by Diego Ayala and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-12-05 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1950s and 1960s, Spain underwent one of the most rapid processes of economic development the world had ever seen. Most existing analyses of this process explain the “Spanish Miracle” as a product of the unleashing of market forces and of changes in economic policy made by the Franco regime in the 1950s. Political Economy of the Spanish Miracle provides an alternative explanation of Spanish economic development, analyzing the Miracle from an interdisciplinary political economy perspective that treats capitalist growth as a complex and dynamic interaction between capitalists, workers and the state. The Spanish Miracle is linked to changes in Spanish society produced by the Spanish Civil War, to the class structure of the regime brought to power by that Civil War and to the interaction between domestic social struggles under the Franco regime and Spain’s insertion into the international political economy of the Cold War capitalist world. Ambitious in scope, Political Economy of the Spanish Miracle both revises conventional understandings of Spanish economic growth and situates Spain within comparative discussions of development in the twentieth century. This book will be of great interest to readers in political economy, economic sociology, historical sociology and Spanish and European history more broadly.

Natural Resources and Economic Growth

Author : Marc Badia-Miró
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317669193
Total Pages : 395 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Natural Resources and Economic Growth by : Marc Badia-Miró

Download or read book Natural Resources and Economic Growth written by Marc Badia-Miró and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-05-22 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between natural capital and economic growth is an open debate in the field of economic development. Is an abundance of natural resources a blessing or a curse for economic performance? The field of Economic History offers an excellent vantage to explore the relevance of institutions, technical progress and supply-demand drivers. Natural Resources and Economic Growth contains theoretical and empirical articles by leading scholars who have studied this subject in different historical periods from the 19th century to the present day and in different parts of the world. Part I presents the theoretical issues and discusses the meaning of the "curse" and the relevance of the historical perspective. Part II captures the diversity of experiences, presenting thirteen independent case studies based on historical results from North and South America, Africa, Asia, Oceania and Europe. This book emphasizes that an abundance of natural resources is not a fixed situation. It is a process that reacts to changes in the structure of commodity prices and factor endowments, and progress requires capital, labour, technical change and appropriate institutional arrangements. This abundance is not a given, but is part of the evolution of the economic system. History shows that institutional quality is the key factor to deal with abundant natural resources and, especially, with the rents derived from their use and exploitation. This wide ranging volume will be of great relevance to all those with an interest in economic history, development, economic growth, natural resources, world history and institutional economics.

Unexpected Prosperity

Author : Oscar Calvo-Gonzalez
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019259575X
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Unexpected Prosperity by : Oscar Calvo-Gonzalez

Download or read book Unexpected Prosperity written by Oscar Calvo-Gonzalez and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-09-16 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Only a handful of economies have successfully transitioned from middle to high income in recent decades. One such case is Spain. How did it achieve this feat? Despite its relevance to countries that have yet to complete that transition, this question has attracted only limited attention. As a result, Spain's development into a prosperous society is a largely under-reported and often misunderstood success story. Unexpected Propserity takes a different look at the questions that usually frame the debate about Spain's economic development. Instead of asking why Spain's catching up was delayed, Calvo-Gonzalez asks how it happened in the first place; instead of focusing on how bad institutions undermined economic prospects, as the literature has done, he explains how growth took place even in the presence of poor institutions. This wider view opens new perspectives on Spain's development path. For example, comparisons are drawn not only with the richest countries but also with those that were in a similar stage of development as Spain. Drawing on a wide range of material, from archival sources to text analytics, the book provides a new account of why reforms were adopted, the role of external and internal factors, as well as that of unintended consequences. The result is an original interpretation of the economic rise of Spain that speaks also to the wider literature on the political economy of reform, the role of industrial and public policy more broadly, and the enduring legacy of political violence and conflict.

Inequality and Nutritional Transition in Economic History

Author : Francisco J. Medina-Albaladejo
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000864510
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Inequality and Nutritional Transition in Economic History by : Francisco J. Medina-Albaladejo

Download or read book Inequality and Nutritional Transition in Economic History written by Francisco J. Medina-Albaladejo and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-04-13 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food consumption and nutrition are historically among the most characteristic features of inequality in living standards driven by socioeconomic, gender, generational and geographical reasons. Nutrition directly impacts mortality, life expectancy, height and illness and thus becomes a good indicator of living standards and their evolution over time. However, one issue that remains unresolved is how to measure past diet inequalities with the available sources. This book evaluates nutritional inequalities in Spain from the nineteenth century to the present day. It explores the socioeconomic, gender, generational and geographical variations in food consumption and nutrition in Spain during this period. Deriving historical data on nutrition and diet has always been difficult due to issues with available sources. This book adopts a multi-dimensional approach and two complementary methodologies capable of presenting a more comprehensive picture: the first analyses diets based on primary sources, while the second examines the effect of nutritional inequalities on biological living standards, with special emphasis on average height. This combination allows for greater precision than previous studies on the impacts of food inequality. This book will be of significant interest to scholars from different academic branches, especially historians, economic historians and historians of science, economists, and also doctors, endocrinologists, paediatricians, anthropologists, nutritionists and expert in cooperation and development.

Famine in European History

Author : Guido Alfani
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107179939
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Famine in European History by : Guido Alfani

Download or read book Famine in European History written by Guido Alfani and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-31 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first systematic study of famine in all parts of Europe from the Middle Ages to present. It compares the characteristics, consequences and causes of famine in regional case studies by leading experts to form a comprehensive picture of when and why food security across the continent became a critical issue.

War, Agriculture, and Food

Author : Paul Brassley
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1136327231
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (363 download)

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Book Synopsis War, Agriculture, and Food by : Paul Brassley

Download or read book War, Agriculture, and Food written by Paul Brassley and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2012-04-27 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between the 1930s and the 1950s rural life in Europe underwent profound changes, partly as a result of the Second World War, and partly as a result of changes which had been in progress over many years. This book examines a range of European countries, from Scandinavia to Spain and Ireland to Hungary, during this crucial period, and identifies the common pressures to which they all responded and the features that were unique to individual countries. In particular, it examines the processes of agricultural development over western Europe as a whole, the impact of the war on international trading patterns, the relationships between states and farmers, and the changing identities of rural populations. It presents a bold attempt to write rural history on a European scale, and will be of interest not only to historians and historical geographers, but also to those interested in the historical background to the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union, to which the changes discussed here provided a dramatic prologue.

The Coming of the Spanish Civil War

Author : Paul Preston
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 9780416357202
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (572 download)

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Book Synopsis The Coming of the Spanish Civil War by : Paul Preston

Download or read book The Coming of the Spanish Civil War written by Paul Preston and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1983-01-01 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Republic in Crisis, 1848-1861

Author : John Ashworth
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107024080
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis The Republic in Crisis, 1848-1861 by : John Ashworth

Download or read book The Republic in Crisis, 1848-1861 written by John Ashworth and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-27 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Meticulously analyses the political climate in the years leading up to the American Civil War and the causes of that conflict.

American Civil Wars

Author : Don H. Doyle
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469631105
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis American Civil Wars by : Don H. Doyle

Download or read book American Civil Wars written by Don H. Doyle and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2017-02-02 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American Civil Wars takes readers beyond the battlefields and sectional divides of the U.S. Civil War to view the conflict from outside the national arena of the United States. Contributors position the American conflict squarely in the context of a wider transnational crisis across the Atlantic world, marked by a multitude of civil wars, European invasions and occupations, revolutionary independence movements, and slave uprisings—all taking place in the tumultuous decade of the 1860s. The multiple conflicts described in these essays illustrate how the United States' sectional strife was caught up in a larger, complex struggle in which nations and empires on both sides of the Atlantic vied for the control of the future. These struggles were all part of a vast web, connecting not just Washington and Richmond but also Mexico City, Havana, Santo Domingo, and Rio de Janeiro and--on the other side of the Atlantic--London, Paris, Madrid, and Rome. This volume breaks new ground by charting a hemispheric upheaval and expanding Civil War scholarship into the realms of transnational and imperial history. American Civil Wars creates new connections between the uprisings and civil wars in and outside of American borders and places the United States within a global context of other nations. Contributors: Matt D. Childs, University of South Carolina Anne Eller, Yale University Richard Huzzey, University of Liverpool Howard Jones, University of Alabama Patrick J. Kelly, University of Texas at San Antonio Rafael de Bivar Marquese, University of Sao Paulo Erika Pani, College of Mexico Hilda Sabato, University of Buenos Aires Steve Sainlaude, University of Paris IV Sorbonne Christopher Schmidt-Nowara, Tufts University Jay Sexton, University of Oxford