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The Protective Actions Of The Cardiac Crf System In Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss In Response To Hypoxia And Reoxygenation
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Book Synopsis The Protective Actions of the Cardiac CRF System in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) in Response to Hypoxia and Reoxygenation by : Calli Freedman
Download or read book The Protective Actions of the Cardiac CRF System in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) in Response to Hypoxia and Reoxygenation written by Calli Freedman and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system has been shown to exert physiological actions in the cardiovascular system of mammals, including positive inotropy and cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury. In contrast, little is known about the cardiac CRF system in non-mammalian species. I investigated the role of CRF in the cardiac response to acute hypoxia in rainbow trout. I examined myocardial contractility during hypoxia/reoxygenation by measuring ventricular pressure generation of ex vivo Langendorff-perfused hearts and investigated the effects of pre-treatment with 1.0 nM trout CRF or 10 nM antalarmin, a CRF type 1 receptor antagonist. All CRF system components are expressed in the heart where the dominant receptor type is CRF-2b and the dominant ligand is CRFa1. Antalarmin exerted significant negative inotropic and lusitropic effects throughout the hypoxia exposure and recovery periods. These results suggest that endogenous CRF plays a cardioprotective role during hypoxia/reoxygenation and is involved in the maintenance/recovery of cardiac function.
Book Synopsis Heat Shock Protein Expression in the Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Heart in Response to Separate Heat and Hypoxic Stress by : Eryn Creamer
Download or read book Heat Shock Protein Expression in the Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Heart in Response to Separate Heat and Hypoxic Stress written by Eryn Creamer and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Environmental Stressors on Cardiac Gene Expression and Contractility in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) by : Tracey S. Momoda
Download or read book The Effects of Environmental Stressors on Cardiac Gene Expression and Contractility in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) written by Tracey S. Momoda and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) experience a variety of stressors in their natural environment as well as in aquaculture that can have negative effects on their physiology. The effects of physiological stress and endocrine disruption have been well described in fish. However, there is a scarcity of information on the effects of such stressors on the heart in fish. We examined gene expression in the rainbow trout heart in response to 17[alpha]-ethinylestradiol (EE), the active ingredient in some oral contraceptives, as well as physiological stress. We also assessed contractile function, as a measure of cardiac performance, under conditions of increasing performance demands in sexually immature rainbow trout. In chapter 2, using qRT-PCR, we observed increased vitellogenin (vtg1) in the ventricle, along with, hepatic estrogen receptor (ER[alpha]) and vtg1 mRNA increased with EE exposure, confirming endocrine disruption in both tissues. Stress increased corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 (CRF-R1) and JunB in response to stress while nuclear protein 1 (nupr1) and glucocorticoid receptor (GCR2) expression increased only in the population with higher cortisol levels (>100 ng/ml) in response to stress. Interestingly, EE exposure did not affect stress induced gene expression and stress did not have an effect on EE induced gene expression in the heart of rainbow trout. This research highlights the fact that these stressors have the potential to have physiological impacts beyond the target tissues classically thought of for stress (i.e. HPI/A axis) or exposure to estrogenic compounds (i.e. HPG axis). In chapter 3, contractile force production was measured from ventricle strips exposed to increasing concentrations of Ca2 or epinephrine to simulate conditions of increasing performance. Also, to determine the effects of physiological stress, ventricle strips were pre-treated with 100 ng/L cortisol prior to increasing Ca2 or epinephrine. Ventricle strips from males had a greater contractile force production to increasing Ca2+ or epinephrine compared to females, at concentrations greater than 3.5 mM Ca2+ or 1 [micro]M epinephrine. Exposure to cortisol did not have a direct effect on contractility, nor did it have an effect the contractile response to increasing exogenous Ca2+ in either sex. Interestingly, force production did not vary by sex in the cortisol pre-treated exposed to epinephrine, suggesting a sex-dependent response. My findings suggest that there are sex differences in the contractile function in rainbow trout and that these may be modified under conditions related to physiological stress. The rainbow trout is a genetically diverse species found across a variety of habitats. Our results highlight the variation in responses in in contractile function and gene expression in the heart by the different sexes, as well as variation within and among populations that allow rainbow trout to adapt and perform in the presence of stressors in the environment.
Author :John Ellis Keen Publisher :National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada ISBN 13 :9780315836723 Total Pages :264 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (367 download)
Book Synopsis Thermal Acclimation, Cardiac Performance, and Adrenergic Sensitivity in Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus Mykiss [microform] by : John Ellis Keen
Download or read book Thermal Acclimation, Cardiac Performance, and Adrenergic Sensitivity in Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus Mykiss [microform] written by John Ellis Keen and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 1992 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Response of the Cardiovascular System to Water Pressure Changes in Rainbow Trout (Onchorhynchus Mykiss) by : Patrick Michael O'Laughlin
Download or read book Response of the Cardiovascular System to Water Pressure Changes in Rainbow Trout (Onchorhynchus Mykiss) written by Patrick Michael O'Laughlin and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cardiac and Ventilatory Responses of Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri) to Environmental Hypoxia and Hypercapnea by : Frank Melvin Smith
Download or read book Cardiac and Ventilatory Responses of Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri) to Environmental Hypoxia and Hypercapnea written by Frank Melvin Smith and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Ontogeny of Blood Oxygen Transport and the Hypoxia Response in Early Life Stages of the Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus Mykiss by : Kristin Bianchini
Download or read book The Ontogeny of Blood Oxygen Transport and the Hypoxia Response in Early Life Stages of the Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus Mykiss written by Kristin Bianchini and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Veterinary Herbal Medicine by : Susan G. Wynn
Download or read book Veterinary Herbal Medicine written by Susan G. Wynn and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2006-11-29 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This full-color reference offers practical, evidence-based guidance on using more than 120 medicinal plants, including how to formulate herbal remedies to treat common disease conditions. A body-systems based review explores herbal medicine in context, offering information on toxicology, drug interactions, quality control, and other key topics. More than 120 herbal monographs provide quick access to information on the historical use of the herb in humans and animals, supporting studies, and dosing information. Includes special dosing, pharmacokinetics, and regulatory considerations when using herbs for horses and farm animals. Expanded pharmacology and toxicology chapters provide thorough information on the chemical basis of herbal medicine. Explores the evolutionary relationship between plants and mammals, which is the basis for understanding the unique physiologic effects of herbs. Includes a body systems review of herbal remedies for common disease conditions in both large and small animals. Discusses special considerations for the scientific research of herbs, including complex and individualized interventions that may require special design and nontraditional outcome goals.
Author :Katherine Louise Cousins Publisher :National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada ISBN 13 :9780612066175 Total Pages :208 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (661 download)
Book Synopsis Factors Affecting the Release of Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF) from the Heart of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) [microform] by : Katherine Louise Cousins
Download or read book Factors Affecting the Release of Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF) from the Heart of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) [microform] written by Katherine Louise Cousins and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 1995 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Acute Phase Proteins in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) by : Lena Gerwick
Download or read book Acute Phase Proteins in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) written by Lena Gerwick and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The acute phase response (APR) includes an early response of the innate immune system to an inflammatory agent. Acute phase proteins (APP) are produced at increased rates in the liver during this response. The APR has been well characterized in mammals, but it is unclear to what degree teleosts mount a similar response. This thesis describes research conducted to characterize this response in rainbow trout. We further developed and used a Tandem Crossed Immunoelectrophoresis Technique (TCIEP). With this we were able to determine that concentrations of at least three trout plasma proteins were higher several days after trout had been injected with Freund's Complete Adjuvant. One of these proteins was isolated and partially characterized, using electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and tentatively identified as transferrin. Due to the limited amount of any protein that could be obtained from T-CIEPs, we switched to the use of 2D gel electrophoresis based on isoelectric focusing and SDS PAGE. When comparing such 2D gels containing trout plasma from before and after treatment, at least 5 of approximately 200 protein spots were increased in size. An N-terminal sequence was obtained from three of the increased spots, and degenerate primers constructed from one of those sequences; 5' and 3' RACE PCR revealed a 188 amino acid long polypeptide. It was 29% identical at the amino acid level with precerebellin from rat. The function of precerebellin is unknown but it appears likely that it is part of the innate immune system since it is unregulated in trout injected with Vibrio bacterin. This thesis has begun the characterization of the acute phase proteins in rainbow trout, but much work remains to be conducted.
Book Synopsis Atlas of Early Zebrafish Brain Development by : Dr. Thomas Mueller
Download or read book Atlas of Early Zebrafish Brain Development written by Dr. Thomas Mueller and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-11-18 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atlas of Early Zebrafish Brain Development: A Tool for Molecular Neurogenetics, Second Edition, remains the only neuroanatomical expression atlas of important genetic and immunohistochemical markers of this vertebrate model system. It represents a key reference and interpretation matrix for analyzing expression domains of genes involved in Zebrafish brain development and neurogenesis, and serves as a continuing milestone in this research area. This updated volume provides in-situ hybridized and immunostained preparations of complete series of brain sections, revealing markers of the fundamental stages in the life history of neuronal cells in very high quality preparations and photographic plates. Specific additions to this edition include documentation on the distribution of neurons expressing GABA, dopamine and serotonin, material on the basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and the caudal, segmented part of the diencephalon, new theories on the early organization of the telencephalon and thalamus, and integration of a comparative perspective on the mid- and hindbrain. - Documentation on the distribution of neurons expressing GABA, dopamine and serotonin - Material on the basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and the caudal, segmented part of the diencephalon - New theories about the early organization of the telencephalon and thalamus - Integration of a comparative perspective on the mid- and hindbrain
Book Synopsis Ontogeny and Phylogeny of the Vertebrate Heart by : David Sedmera
Download or read book Ontogeny and Phylogeny of the Vertebrate Heart written by David Sedmera and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-23 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of reviews will be of considerable interests to biologists and MDs working on any aspect of cardiovascular function. With state-of-the-art reviews written by competent experts in the field, the content is also of interest for MSc and PhD students in most fields of cardiovascular physiology.
Book Synopsis The Welfare of Fish by : Tore S. Kristiansen
Download or read book The Welfare of Fish written by Tore S. Kristiansen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-01 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates how fish experience their lives, their amazing senses and abilities, and how human actions impact their quality of life. The authors examine the concept of fish welfare and the scientific knowledge behind the inclusion of fish within the moral circle, and how this knowledge can change the way we treat fish in the future. In many countries fish are already protected by animal welfare legislation in the same way as mammals, but in practice there is still a major gap between how we ethically view these groups and how we actually treat them. The poor treatment of fish represents a massive animal welfare problem in aquaculture and fisheries, both in terms of the number of animals affected and the severity of the welfare issues. Thanks to its interdisciplinary scope, this thought-provoking book appeals to professionals, academics and students in the fields of animal welfare, cognition and physiology, as well as fisheries and aquaculture management.
Book Synopsis Respiratory Physiology of Vertebrates by : Göran E. Nilsson
Download or read book Respiratory Physiology of Vertebrates written by Göran E. Nilsson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-28 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do vertebrates get the oxygen they need, or even manage without it for shorter or longer periods of time? How do they sense oxygen, how do they take it up from water or air, and how do they transport it to their tissues? Respiratory system adaptations allow numerous vertebrates to thrive in extreme environments where oxygen availability is limited or where there is no oxygen at all. Written for students and researchers in comparative physiology, this authoritative summary of vertebrate respiratory physiology begins by exploring the fundamentals of oxygen sensing, uptake and transport in a textbook style. Subsequently, the reader is shown important examples of extreme respiratory performance, like diving and high altitude survival in mammals and birds, air breathing in fish, and those few vertebrates that can survive without any oxygen at all for several months, showing how evolution has solved the problem of life without oxygen.
Book Synopsis Habitat Suitability Information by :
Download or read book Habitat Suitability Information written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ecological and Environmental Physiology of Fishes by : Brian Eddy
Download or read book Ecological and Environmental Physiology of Fishes written by Brian Eddy and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-03 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fish have evolved to colonise almost every type of aquatic habitat and today they are a hugely diverse group of over 25,000 species. This title presents a current and comprehensive overview of fish physiology to demonstrate how living fish function in their environment.
Book Synopsis The Biology of Animal Stress by : Gary P. Moberg
Download or read book The Biology of Animal Stress written by Gary P. Moberg and published by CABI. This book was released on 2000 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subjects of stress and animal welfare are currently attracting immense interest. This book brings together a range of perspectives from biomedical research (including human health and animal models of human stress) on stress and welfare, and assesses new approaches to conceptualising and alleviating stress.
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