The Politics of Pharmaceutical Policy Reform

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319125656
Total Pages : 117 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis The Politics of Pharmaceutical Policy Reform by : Elize Massard da Fonseca

Download or read book The Politics of Pharmaceutical Policy Reform written by Elize Massard da Fonseca and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-17 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazil is renowned worldwide for its remarkable reforms in pharmaceutical regulation, which have enhanced access to essential medicines while lowering drug costs. This book innovates by analysing the generic drug reform in Brazil, demonstrating that pharmaceutical regulation is only partially influenced by non-state actors. Little is known about the institutional antecedents and policy process that channeled this regulatory reform. This is particularly intriguing because a regulatory shift in the pharmaceutical sector requires the participation of a number of stakeholders and interest groups in the policy process. Fonseca examines the generic drug reform’s causes and consequences. No study has approached the generic drug regulation in Brazil from this perspective. The Politics of Pharmaceutical Policy Reform: A Study of Generic Drug Regulation in Brazil, explores the following: · The politics of pharmaceutical regulation in Brazil over the last 25 years. · The political negotiations to approve the Generic Drug Act, which involved a hard-to-reach agreement between the pharmaceutical industry (national and multinational), the Ministry of Health, and Congress · The controversial decisions to regulate packaging and pharmaceutical equivalence. · The surprising success of Brazilian pharmaceutical firms, which became market champions in a sector largely dominated by multinational firms. · Comparative lessons from the Brazilian case for the political construction of regulatory standards to regulate generic drugs and its effects on global health. This book will interest political scientists and health policy scholars concerned with the political conflicts in the pharmaceutical sector. It argues against well-established approaches to regulatory capture such as control of the regulatory process by interest groups and policy diffusion. It can be used as evidence for graduate courses in public policy, health policy and political science. Because Brazil is one of the largest markets for pharmaceuticals in the world, business leaders and consultancy firms would also be interested.

A Practical Approach to Pharmaceutical Policy

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Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821383872
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (838 download)

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Book Synopsis A Practical Approach to Pharmaceutical Policy by : Andreas Seiter

Download or read book A Practical Approach to Pharmaceutical Policy written by Andreas Seiter and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-06-17 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers policy makers a hands-on approach, tested in the World Bank’s field work in many countries, for developing policies that improve access to safe, effective medicines in health systems of low- and middle-income economies.

Pills, Power, and Policy

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Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520271149
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (22 download)

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Book Synopsis Pills, Power, and Policy by : Dominique A. Tobbell

Download or read book Pills, Power, and Policy written by Dominique A. Tobbell and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Tobbell analyzes the political and economic history of the alignment of the pharmaceutical industry, academic institutions and their faculty and organized medicine. This book is essential reading for policymakers and their staff as well as persons who study the history of health policy and those who contribute to it through medical research, advocacy and journalism. " -Daniel Fox, author of The Convergence of Science and Governance: Research, Health Policy, and American States "Dominique Tobbell’s vivid, balanced and probing account of pharmaceutical politics is a significant, needed analysis of the relationships between the pharmaceutical industry, university researchers, the medical profession and government in the Cold War period. More than this, Pills, Power, and Policy shows why it continues to be difficult to agree in the United States on the relative roles of corporate enterprise, government regulation, technological innovation, freedom to prescribe, and consumer marketing and protection, all played out against the rising costs of health care. Timely and thought-provoking."--Rosemary A. Stevens. DeWitt Wallace Distinguished Scholar, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College "A superb and compelling account of the creation of one of America’s most reviled entities: Big Pharma. With clarity and subtlety, Pills, Power, and Policy weaves together the political, economic, and the medical to reveal the entangled history behind our modern pharmaceutical predicament."--Andrea Tone, Ph.D., Professor of History & Canada Research Chair in the Social History of Medicine, McGill University “Pills, Power and Policy provides an outstanding description and analysis of the evolution of drug policy. It is an extremely important contribution to our understanding of the political, scientific, and economic nature of pharmaceutical regulation." -Daniel S. Greenberg, Washington journalist and author of Science, Money and Politics: Political Triumph and Ethical Erosion

Pharmaceutical Reform

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 082138760X
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Pharmaceutical Reform by : Marc J. Roberts

Download or read book Pharmaceutical Reform written by Marc J. Roberts and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011-09-21 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book applies an established analytical framework for health sector reform (Getting Health Reform Right, Oxford, 2004) to the performance problems of the pharmaceutical sector. The book is divided into three sections. The first section presents the basic ideas for analysis. It begins by insisting that reform start with a clear understanding of the performance deficiencies of the current system. Like all priority setting in the public sector, this 'definition of the problem' involves both ethical choices and political processes. Early chapters explain the foundations of these ideas and apply them to the pharmaceutical sector. The relationship of ultimate outcomes (like health status or risk protection) to classic health systems concepts like efficiency, access and quality is also explored. The last chapter in the first part is devoted to 'diagnosis'—explaining how to move from the definition of a problem to an understanding of how the functioning of the system produces the undesirable outcomes in question. The second part of the book devotes one chapter to each of five 'control knobs': finance, payment, organization, regulation and persuasion. These are sets of potential interventions that governments can use to improve pharmaceutical sector performance. Each chapter presents basic concepts and discusses examples of reform options. Throughout we provide 'conditional guidance'—avoiding the approach of a 'one size fits all' model of 'best practices' in these five arenas for reform. Instead we stress the need for local knowledge of political systems, administrative capacities, community values and market conditions in order to design pharmaceutical sector policies appropriate to a country’s particular circumstances. The last part of the book is a set of teaching cases. Each is preceded by questions and is followed by a brief note on the lessons to be learned. The goal is to help readers develop the skills they need to deal effectively with pharmaceutical sector reform problems in their own countries.

Global Pharmaceutical Policy

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811527245
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Pharmaceutical Policy by : Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar

Download or read book Global Pharmaceutical Policy written by Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-15 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medicines are vital in improving patient health outcomes and pharmaceutical policy is a fundamental component of any health system. However, the global pharmaceutical policy is ever-evolving and data and quality ‘research-based information’ in this field are scarce. This book fills this gap and provides up-to-date empirical information and evidence-based synthesis. It focuses on pertinent key issues in global pharmaceutical policy including medicines safety, generic medicines, pharmaceutical supply chain, medicines financing, access and affordability of medicines, rational use of medicines, pharmacy health services research and access to vaccines and biological products. Featuring policy case studies from varied countries such as Mexico, Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, and Pakistan, this book comprises a valuable and comprehensive resource for students, funders, policymakers, academics, and researchers interested in this field.

The Global Politics of Pharmaceutical Monopoly Power

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789079700066
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Global Politics of Pharmaceutical Monopoly Power by : Ellen F. M. 't Hoen

Download or read book The Global Politics of Pharmaceutical Monopoly Power written by Ellen F. M. 't Hoen and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Global Politics of Pharmaceutical Monopoly Power, researcher and global advocate Ellen 't Hoen explains how new global rules for pharmaceutical patenting impact access to medicines in the developing world. The book gives an account of the current debates on intellectual property, access to medicines, and medical innovation, and provides historical context that explains how the current system emerged. This book supports major policy changes in the management of pharmaceutical patents and the way medical innovation is financed in order to protect public health and, in particular, promote access to essential medicines for all. The Open Society Institute provided support to translate this report into Russian.

Global Pharmaceutical Policy

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Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1849801843
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (498 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Pharmaceutical Policy by : Frederick M. Abbott

Download or read book Global Pharmaceutical Policy written by Frederick M. Abbott and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a strong argument that people throughout the world have a right to receive the medicines they need in an appropriate, affordable, and timely way. Global Pharmaceutical Policy describes the laws, policies, and customs relating to the development and provision of medicines, identifies their strengths and weakness, and then proposes global solutions for getting things better. Here is a masterpiece written in a clear and elegant style. Together, Dukes and Abbott have experience and insight that are unrivalled. Joe Collier, Emeritus Professor of Medicines Policy, St George s, University of London, UK Pharmaceuticals play a central role in health care throughout the world. The pharmaceutical industry is beset with difficulties as increasing research and development expenditure yields fewer new treatments. Public and private budgets strain under the weight of high prices and limited access. The world s poor see little effort to address diseases prevalent in less affluent societies, while the world s wealthy are overusing prescription drugs, risking their health and wasting resources. As the global economic crisis exacerbates pressure on health care budgets, a new presidential administration in Washington, DC has committed to broad health care reform. These circumstances form the backdrop for this extraordinarily timely examination of the global system for the development, production, distribution and use of medicines. The authors are acknowledged experts in the fields of pharmaceutical law and policy, with many years experience advising governments, multilateral organizations and policy-makers on issues involving innovation, access and use of medicines. Supported by a team of independent scientists, doctors and lawyers, they take an insightful look at the issues surrounding global regulation of the pharmaceutical sector, and offer pragmatic suggestions for reform. This book will be of interest to government policy-makers, members of industry, healthcare professionals, teachers, students and lawyers in the fields of public health, intellectual property and international trade.

Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780195300956
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy by : Stuart O. Schweitzer

Download or read book Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy written by Stuart O. Schweitzer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher description

Handbook of Pharmaceutical Public Policy

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Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780789030580
Total Pages : 681 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Pharmaceutical Public Policy by : Thomas Fulda

Download or read book Handbook of Pharmaceutical Public Policy written by Thomas Fulda and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-07-25 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Get an invaluable view of the impact of economics and politics on pharmaceuticals in the United States Pharmacy and pharmaceutical drug use are highly regulated and the various regulatory forces interact with diverse goals. Pharmaceutical Public Policy is a comprehensive review of the legislation, trends, business developments, and policy interpretations that have shaped drug use during the last 50 years. This unique single source explains drug regulatory activity, the major insurance and payment systems, and the impact of economics and politics on drug use in the United States. Leading experts provide a thorough and objective look at public policy issues, making this text perfect for upper level undergraduate and graduate level pharmacy, medical, and public health educators and students. Pharmacists and pharmacy students must learn more than just the physical sciences and clinical aspects of the pharmaceutical industry. The rationale for policies, rules, and regulations is integral to understanding how to best serve patients and make the entire pharmaceutical sector more equitable and cost-effective. Pharmaceutical Public Policy examines the most pressing issues facing the industry, including control of the rising costs for drugs and ensuring correct drug usage by patients. This insightful text offers an in depth perspective of the policies and the debates that surround them. Chapters are well-referenced and many include helpful figures and tables to illustrate facts and ideas. Topics in Pharmaceutical Public Policy include: pharmacy law and regulation Medicare and prescription drug coverage FDA drug approval process Medicaid and prescription drugs public health pharmacy Department of Veterans Affairs pharmacy programs Department of Defense pharmacy programs innovative state drug program practices state and federal regulation of pharmacy the future of the pharmaceutical industry managed care pharmacy PBM’s (pharmacy benefit managers) risk minimization importation and reimportation biotechnology and pharmacogenetics policy and issues product promotion competition between drugs drug insurance design patient compliance abuse of prescription drugs health care systems and insurance in Europe much more Pharmaceutical Public Policy is a one-of-a-kind resource that explains just who the players are and the complexity of the issues that are examined in most pharmaceutical policy debates, and is perfect for pharmacy students, educators, other health professionals, trade association leaders, and policymakers.

Unhealthy Pharmaceutical Regulation

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137349476
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (373 download)

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Book Synopsis Unhealthy Pharmaceutical Regulation by : C. Davis

Download or read book Unhealthy Pharmaceutical Regulation written by C. Davis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-08 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to examine how effectively American and supranational EU governments have regulated innovative pharmaceuticals during the last 30 years regarding public health. It explains why pharmaceutical regulation has been misdirected by commercial interests and misconceived ideologies.

WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies

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Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240011870
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies by :

Download or read book WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2020-09-29 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, high prices of pharmaceutical products have posed challenges in high- and low-income countries alike. In many instances, high prices of pharmaceutical products have led to significant financial hardship for individuals and negatively impacted on healthcare systems' ability to provide population-wide access to essential medicines. Pharmaceutical pricing policies need to be carefully planned, carried out, and regularly checked and revised according to changing conditions. Strong, well-thought-out policies can guide well-informed and balanced decisions to achieve affordable access to essential health products. This guideline replaces the 2015 WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies, revised to reflect the growing body of literature since the last evidence review in 2010. This update also recognizes country experiences in managing the prices of pharmaceutical products.

Defining Drugs

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Publisher : Transaction Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781412821407
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis Defining Drugs by : Richard Henry Parrish

Download or read book Defining Drugs written by Richard Henry Parrish and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug-related morbidity and mortality is rampant in contemporary industrial society, despite or perhaps because, government has assumed a critical role in the process by which drugs are developed and approved. Parrish asserts that, as a people, Americans need to understand how it is that government became the arbiter of pharmaceutical fact. The consequences of our failure to understand, he argues, may threaten individual choice and forestall the development of responsible therapeutics. Moreover, if current standards and control continues unabated, the next therapeutic reformation might well make possible the sanctioned commercial exploitation of patients. In Defining Drugs, Parrish argues that the federal government became arbiter of pharmaceutical fact because the professions of pharmacy and medicine, as well as the pharmaceutical industry, could enforce these definitions and standards only through police powers reserved to government. Parrish begins his provocative study by examining the development of the social system for regulating drug therapy in the United States. He reviews the standards that were negotiated, and the tensions of the period between Progressivism and the New Deal that gave cultural context and historical meaning to drug use in American society. Parrish describes issues related to the development of narcotics policy through education and legislation facilitated by James Beal and Edward Kremers, and documents the federal government's evolving role as arbiter of market tensions between pharmaceutical producers, government officials, and private citizens in professional groups, illustrating the influence of government in writing enforceable standards for pharmaceutical therapies. He shows how the expansion of political rights for practitioners and producers has shifted responsibility for therapeutic consequences from individual practitioners and patients to government. This timely and controversial volume is written for the scholar and the compassionate practitioner alike, and a general public concerned with pharmacy regulation in a free society. Richard Henry Parrish II is assistant professor of pharmacy practice at the Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy at Shenandoah University. "Defining Drugs documents the evolution of social thought and action about pharmaceuticals in the United States in the 20th century. Written from a free-market perspective, Richard Parrish demonstrates how industry, goverment, and profressional leaders used science to justify the expansion of goverment power over standards and people. The Politicized definition of pharmaceutical fact cemented the foundation of pharmacotherapy in the modern pharmacratic state. Parrish's thesis will affect the current debates on federal power concerning the proper role of pharmacists, physicians, prescription laws, and Medicare prescription benefits; dietary supplements and herbal remedies; and nanotechnologies and pharmacgenomics. Scholary in documentation and persuasive in tone, Defining Drugs is an indispensable contribution to our understanding of the debate about drugs and drug policy." --Dr. Thomas Szasz, State University of New York "Parrish provides an invaluable analysis of the transformation of pharmaceutical regulation over the past millennium."--Peter Barton Hutt, Esq., Covington and Burling "Defining Drugs is an essential key for the medical profession and any who would understand the drug industry's regulation processes." The Midwest Book Review

Introduction to U.S. Health Policy

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Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 1421402971
Total Pages : 659 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to U.S. Health Policy by : Donald A. Barr

Download or read book Introduction to U.S. Health Policy written by Donald A. Barr and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2011-12-01 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health care reform has dominated public discourse over the past several years, and the recent passage of the Affordable Care Act, rather than quell the rhetoric, has sparked even more debate. Donald A. Barr reviews the current structure of the American health care system, describing the historical and political contexts in which it developed and the core policy issues that continue to confront us today. This comprehensive analysis introduces the various organizations and institutions that make the U.S. health care system work—or fail to work, as the case may be. A principal message of the book is the seeming paradox of the quality of health care in this country—on the one hand it is the best medical care system in the world, on the other it is one of the worst among developed countries because of how it is organized. Barr introduces readers to broad cultural issues surrounding health care policy, such as access, affordability, and quality. He discusses specific elements of U.S. health care, including insurance, especially Medicare and Medicaid, the shift to for-profit managed care, the pharmaceutical industry, issues of long-term care, the plight of the uninsured, medical errors, and nursing shortages. The latest edition of this widely adopted text updates the description and discussion of key sectors of America’s health care system in light of the Affordable Care Act.

Pharmaceutical Prices in the 21st Century

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319121693
Total Pages : 411 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Pharmaceutical Prices in the 21st Century by : Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar

Download or read book Pharmaceutical Prices in the 21st Century written by Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-05 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of the global pharmaceutical pricing policies. Medicines use is increasing globally with the increase in resistant microbes, emergence of new treatments, and because of awareness among consumers. This has resulted in increased drug expenditures globally. As the pharmaceutical market is expanding, a variety of pharmaceutical pricing strategies and policies have been employed by drug companies, state organizations and pharmaceutical pricing authorities.

Pharmaceutical Industry and Public Policy in Post-reform India

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge Chapman & Hall
ISBN 13 : 9781138191303
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (913 download)

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Book Synopsis Pharmaceutical Industry and Public Policy in Post-reform India by : Reji K. Joseph

Download or read book Pharmaceutical Industry and Public Policy in Post-reform India written by Reji K. Joseph and published by Routledge Chapman & Hall. This book was released on 2016 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the impact of economic reforms in India on the pharmaceutical industry and access to medicines. It traces the changing production and trade pattern of the industry, research and development (R&D) preferences and strategies of Indian pharmaceutical firms, patent system alongside pricing policy measures and their shortcomings. It also analyses the public health financing system in India driven largely by out-of-pocket expenditure about 60 per cent and characterised by very high share of medicines in total health expenditure. A masterful insight into a topical area, the work will be indispensable to those working on pharmaceutical industry and public policy. It will be of interest to researchers, scholars, students, and policy-makers of economics, industrial policy, public policy, intellectual property rights and health financing. "

Science, Politics And The Pharmaceutical Industry

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Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000951308
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Science, Politics And The Pharmaceutical Industry by : John Abraham

Download or read book Science, Politics And The Pharmaceutical Industry written by John Abraham and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug disasters from Thalidomide to Opren, and other less dramatic cases of drug injury, raise questions about whether the testing and control of medicines provides satisfactory protection for the public. In this revealing study, John Abrahan develops a theoretically challenging realist approach, in order to probe deeply into the work of scientists in the pharmaceutical industry and governmental drug regulatory authorities on both sides of the Atlantic. Through the examination of contemporary controversial case studies, he exposes how the commercial interest of drug manufacturers are consistently given the benefit of the scientific doubts about medicine safety and effectiveness, over and above the best interests of patients.; A highly original combination of philosophical rigour, historical sensitivity and empirical depth enables the "black box" of industrial and government science to be opened up to critical scrutiny much more than in previous social scientific study. All major aspects of drug testing and regulation are considered, including pre- clinical animal tests, clinical trials and postmarketing surveillance of adverse drug reactions. The author argues that drug regulators are too dependent on pharmaceutical industry resources and expertise, and too divorced from public accountability. The problem of corporate bias is particularly severe in the UK, where regulatory decisions about medicine safety are shrouded in greater secrecy than in the US.; Since the purpose of drug regulation should be to maximize the safety and effectiveness of medicines for patients, the public needs and deserves policies to counteract corporate bias in drug testing and evaluation. John Abraham's realist analysis provides a robust basis for policy interventions at the institutional and legislative levels. He proposes that corporate bias could be reduced by more extensive freedom of information, greater autonomy of government scientists from pharmaceutical industry, the development of independent drug testing by the regulatory authority, increased patient representation on regulatory committees, and more frequent and thorough oversight of regulatory performance by the legislature. This book should be of interest to anyone who cares about how medicines should be controlled in modern society. It should prove particularly rewarding for students and researchers in the sociology of science and technology, science and medicines policy, medical sociologists, the medical and pharmaceutical professions, and consumer organizations.

Pharmaceutical Policy in Countries with Developing Healthcare Systems

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Author :
Publisher : Adis
ISBN 13 : 9783319847153
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis Pharmaceutical Policy in Countries with Developing Healthcare Systems by : Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar

Download or read book Pharmaceutical Policy in Countries with Developing Healthcare Systems written by Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar and published by Adis. This book was released on 2018-07-21 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and granular insight into the challenges of promoting rational medicine, this book serves as an essential resource for health policy makers and researchers interested in national medicines policies. Country-specific chapters have a common format, beginning with an overview of the health system and regulatory and policy environments, before discussing the difficulties in maintaining a medicines supply system, challenges in ensuring access to affordable medicines and issues impacting on rational medicine use. Numerous case studies are also used to highlight key issues and each chapter concludes with country-specific solutions to the issues raised. Written by highly regarded academics, the book includes countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, the Middle East and South America.