The Philosophy Of Expertise

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The Philosophy of Expertise

Author : Evan Selinger
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780231136440
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (364 download)

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Book Synopsis The Philosophy of Expertise by : Evan Selinger

Download or read book The Philosophy of Expertise written by Evan Selinger and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the use of expert testimony in the courtroom to the advice we rely on to solve key economic, political, and social problems, expertise is an essential part of our decision-making process. However, the extent to which experts can be trusted is a subject of persistent and contentious debate. The Philosophy of Expertise is the first collection to explore the fundamental philosophical issues surrounding these authorities and their expert knowledge. Part 1 considers the problems surrounding the issue of trust and deference; part 2 launches a phenomenological clarification of expertise that pinpoints the universal structures embodied in cognition and affect; and part 3 examines the consequences of the social and technical externalization of expertise. Contributors including Edward Said, Alvin Goldman, Peter Singer, Hubert Dreyfus, Julia Annas, Harry Collins, and Don Ihde draw on a number of intellectual approaches to explore the justification of expert authority, the potentially dangerous role of expertise in a liberal democratic society, how laypeople can critique experts, and the social and ideological character of expert advice. The contributors also discuss the reasoning process of judges and juries, the ancient Greek view of moral conduct, and the incorporation of experts into governmental bureaucracy. By honestly tackling the legitimacy and consistency of various positions, this volume sheds much-needed light on the theoretical dimensions of a controversial and pervasive practice. Contributors: Alvin I. Goldman, Don Ihde, Edward Said, Evan Selinger and John Mix, Evan Selinger and Robert P. Crease, H. M. Collins and Robert Evans, Hélène Mialet, Hubert Dreyfus, John Hardwig, Julia Annas, Paul Feyerabend, Peter Singer, Scott Brewer, Steve Fuller, Steven Turner

The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Skill and Expertise

Author : Ellen Fridland
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351720422
Total Pages : 1059 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Skill and Expertise by : Ellen Fridland

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Skill and Expertise written by Ellen Fridland and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-08-20 with total page 1059 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophical questions surrounding skill and expertise can be traced back as far as Ancient Greece, China, and India. In the twentieth century, skilled action was an important factor in the work of phenomenologists such as Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty and analytic philosophers including Gilbert Ryle. However, as a subject in its own right it has, until now, remained largely in the background. The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Skill and Expertise is an outstanding reference source and the first major collection of its kind, reflecting the explosion of interest in the topic in recent years. Comprising thirty-nine chapters written by leading international contributors, the Handbook is organized into six clear parts: • Skill in the history of philosophy (East and West) • Skill in epistemology • Skill, intelligence, and agency • Skill in perception, imagination, and emotion • Skill, language, and social cognition • Skill and expertise in normative philosophy. Essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy of mind and psychology, epistemology, and ethics, The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Skill and Expertise is also suitable for those in related disciplines such as social psychology and cognitive science. It is also relevant to those who are interested in conceptual issues underlying skill and expertise in fields such as sport, the performing arts, and medicine.

A History and Philosophy of Expertise

Author : Jamie Carlin Watson
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350216496
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (52 download)

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Book Synopsis A History and Philosophy of Expertise by : Jamie Carlin Watson

Download or read book A History and Philosophy of Expertise written by Jamie Carlin Watson and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-11-18 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this comprehensive tour of the long history and philosophy of expertise, from ancient Greece to the 20th century, Jamie Carlin Watson tackles the question of expertise and why we can be skeptical of what experts say, making a valuable contribution to contemporary philosophical debates on authority, testimony, disagreement and trust. His review sketches out the ancient origins of the concept, discussing its early association with cunning, skill and authority and covering the sort of training that ancient thinkers believed was required for expertise. Watson looks at the evolution of the expert in the middle ages into a type of “genius” or “innate talent” , moving to the role of psychological research in 16th-century Germany, the influence of Darwin, the impact of behaviorism and its interest to computer scientists, and its transformation into the largely cognitive concept psychologists study today.

Expertise: A Philosophical Introduction

Author : Jamie Carlin Watson
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350083860
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Expertise: A Philosophical Introduction by : Jamie Carlin Watson

Download or read book Expertise: A Philosophical Introduction written by Jamie Carlin Watson and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-09-03 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What does it mean to be an expert? What sort of authority do experts really have? And what role should they play in today's society? Addressing why ever larger segments of society are skeptical of what experts say, Expertise: A Philosophical Introduction reviews contemporary philosophical debates and introduces what an account of expertise needs to accomplish in order to be believed. Drawing on research from philosophers and sociologists, chapters explore widely held accounts of expertise and uncover their limitations, outlining a set of conceptual criteria a successful account of expertise should meet. By providing suggestions for how a philosophy of expertise can inform practical disciplines such as politics, religion, and applied ethics, this timely introduction to a topic of pressing importance reveals what philosophical thinking about expertise can contribute to growing concerns about experts in the 21st century.

Philosophy: a Crash Course

Author : ZARA. FERNER BAIN (DR. ADAM. MEHDI, NADIA.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 1782408657
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (824 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy: a Crash Course by : ZARA. FERNER BAIN (DR. ADAM. MEHDI, NADIA.)

Download or read book Philosophy: a Crash Course written by ZARA. FERNER BAIN (DR. ADAM. MEHDI, NADIA.) and published by . This book was released on 2019-07-30 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do philosophers ask "why"? Because they want to know. Because they love knowledge. Taken literally, philosophy is nothing more (nor less) than the love (philo) of wisdom (sophia)--and who doesn't love wisdom? All human societies have developed systems of knowledge to help them understand our place in the universe and to satisfy our distinctively human curiosity. However, while standard histories of philosophy tend to focus on canonical figures and their "big ideas," ideas don't spontaneously come into existence in isolation from a context. They occur in relation to other ideas, had by other people. This book emphasizes the collaborative nature of philosophy, showcasing the way that thinkers' thoughts become intertwined, and focuses on how philosophy--even in its most abstract form--intersects with everyday concerns, integrating older philosophical discussions with newer debates.

Rethinking Expertise

Author : Harry Collins
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226113620
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis Rethinking Expertise by : Harry Collins

Download or read book Rethinking Expertise written by Harry Collins and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-09-15 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What does it mean to be an expert? In Rethinking Expertise, Harry Collins and Robert Evans offer a radical new perspective on the role of expertise in the practice of science and the public evaluation of technology. Collins and Evans present a Periodic Table of Expertises based on the idea of tacit knowledge—knowledge that we have but cannot explain. They then look at how some expertises are used to judge others, how laypeople judge between experts, and how credentials are used to evaluate them. Throughout, Collins and Evans ask an important question: how can the public make use of science and technology before there is consensus in the scientific community? This book has wide implications for public policy and for those who seek to understand science and benefit from it. “Starts to lay the groundwork for solving a critical problem—how to restore the force of technical scientific information in public controversies, without importing disguised political agendas.”—Nature “A rich and detailed ‘periodic table’ of expertise . . . full of case studies, anecdotes and intriguing experiments.”—Times Higher Education Supplement (UK)

Grounding Knowledge

Author : Christopher J. Preston
Publisher : University of Georgia Press
ISBN 13 : 0820324507
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Grounding Knowledge by : Christopher J. Preston

Download or read book Grounding Knowledge written by Christopher J. Preston and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: He asks what these ideas in contemporary epistemology and environmental philosophy mean for environmental policy, concluding that the grounding of knowledge strongly suggests epistemic reasons for the protection of a full range of physical environments in their natural condition."--BOOK JACKET.

The Knowledge Book

Author : Steve Fuller
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317493281
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis The Knowledge Book by : Steve Fuller

Download or read book The Knowledge Book written by Steve Fuller and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-11-27 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Knowledge Book" is a unique interdisciplinary reference work for students and researchers concerned with the nature of knowledge. It is the first work of its kind to be organized on the assumption that whatever else knowledge might be, it is intrinsically social. The book consists of 42 alphabetically arranged entries on key concepts at the intersection of philosophy and sociology - what used to be called "sociology of knowledge" but is now increasingly called "social epistemology". The entries include concepts common to disciplines that in recent years have devoted more of their attention to knowledge: cultural studies, communication studies, information science, education, policy studies and business studies. Special attention is given to concepts from the emerging field of science and technology studies. Each entry presents a short, self-contained essay providing an overview of a concept and concludes with suggestions for further reading. All the entries are fully cross-referenced, allowing readers to both make connections and follow their own interests.

The Death of Expertise

Author : Tom Nichols
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190469439
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis The Death of Expertise by : Tom Nichols

Download or read book The Death of Expertise written by Tom Nichols and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-01 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technology and increasing levels of education have exposed people to more information than ever before. These societal gains, however, have also helped fuel a surge in narcissistic and misguided intellectual egalitarianism that has crippled informed debates on any number of issues. Today, everyone knows everything: with only a quick trip through WebMD or Wikipedia, average citizens believe themselves to be on an equal intellectual footing with doctors and diplomats. All voices, even the most ridiculous, demand to be taken with equal seriousness, and any claim to the contrary is dismissed as undemocratic elitism. Tom Nichols' The Death of Expertise shows how this rejection of experts has occurred: the openness of the internet, the emergence of a customer satisfaction model in higher education, and the transformation of the news industry into a 24-hour entertainment machine, among other reasons. Paradoxically, the increasingly democratic dissemination of information, rather than producing an educated public, has instead created an army of ill-informed and angry citizens who denounce intellectual achievement. When ordinary citizens believe that no one knows more than anyone else, democratic institutions themselves are in danger of falling either to populism or to technocracy or, in the worst case, a combination of both. An update to the 2017breakout hit, the paperback edition of The Death of Expertise provides a new foreword to cover the alarming exacerbation of these trends in the aftermath of Donald Trump's election. Judging from events on the ground since it first published, The Death of Expertise issues a warning about the stability and survival of modern democracy in the Information Age that is even more important today.

Philosophy of Information

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080930840
Total Pages : 823 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy of Information by :

Download or read book Philosophy of Information written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-11-10 with total page 823 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information is a recognized fundamental notion across the sciences and humanities, which is crucial to understanding physical computation, communication, and human cognition. The Philosophy of Information brings together the most important perspectives on information. It includes major technical approaches, while also setting out the historical backgrounds of information as well as its contemporary role in many academic fields. Also, special unifying topics are high-lighted that play across many fields, while we also aim at identifying relevant themes for philosophical reflection. There is no established area yet of Philosophy of Information, and this Handbook can help shape one, making sure it is well grounded in scientific expertise. As a side benefit, a book like this can facilitate contacts and collaboration among diverse academic milieus sharing a common interest in information. • First overview of the formal and technical issues involved in the philosophy of information• Integrated presentation of major mathematical approaches to information, form computer science, information theory, and logic• Interdisciplinary themes across the traditional boundaries of natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities.

Politics and Expertise

Author : Zeynep Pamuk
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691218935
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Politics and Expertise by : Zeynep Pamuk

Download or read book Politics and Expertise written by Zeynep Pamuk and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-21 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new model for the relationship between science and democracy that spans policymaking, the funding and conduct of research, and our approach to new technologies Our ability to act on some of the most pressing issues of our time, from pandemics and climate change to artificial intelligence and nuclear weapons, depends on knowledge provided by scientists and other experts. Meanwhile, contemporary political life is increasingly characterized by problematic responses to expertise, with denials of science on the one hand and complaints about the ignorance of the citizenry on the other. Politics and Expertise offers a new model for the relationship between science and democracy, rooted in the ways in which scientific knowledge and the political context of its use are imperfect. Zeynep Pamuk starts from the fact that science is uncertain, incomplete, and contested, and shows how scientists’ judgments about what is significant and useful shape the agenda and framing of political decisions. The challenge, Pamuk argues, is to ensure that democracies can expose and contest the assumptions and omissions of scientists, instead of choosing between wholesale acceptance or rejection of expertise. To this end, she argues for institutions that support scientific dissent, proposes an adversarial “science court” to facilitate the public scrutiny of science, reimagines structures for funding scientific research, and provocatively suggests restricting research into dangerous new technologies. Through rigorous philosophical analysis and fascinating examples, Politics and Expertise moves the conversation beyond the dichotomy between technocracy and populism and develops a better answer for how to govern and use science democratically.

Doctor Strange and Philosophy

Author : Mark D. White
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119437946
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Doctor Strange and Philosophy by : Mark D. White

Download or read book Doctor Strange and Philosophy written by Mark D. White and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-05-29 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore the mind and world of the brilliant neurosurgeon-turned-Sorcerer Supreme Doctor Stephen Strange Marvel Comics legends Stan Lee and Steve Ditko first introduced Doctor Stephen Strange to the world in 1963—and his spellbinding adventures have wowed comic book fans ever since. Over fifty years later, the brilliant neurosurgeon-turned-Sorcerer Supreme has finally travelled from the pages of comics to the big screen, introducing a new generation of fans to his mind-bending mysticism and self-sacrificing heroics. In Doctor Strange and Philosophy, Mark D. White takes readers on a tour through some of the most interesting and unusual philosophical questions which surround Stephen Strange and his place in the Marvel Universe. Essays from two-dozen Philosophers Supreme illuminate how essential philosophical concepts, including existentialism, epistemology, metaphysics, and ethics, relate to the world of Doctor Strange. Fans will find answers to all their Strange questions: How does Doctor Strange reconcile his beliefs in science and magic? What does his astral self say about the relationship between mind and body? Why is he always so alone? And what does he mean when he says we’re just “tiny momentary specks within an indifferent universe”—and why was he wrong? You won’t need the Eye of Agamotto to comprehend all that is wise within. Doctor Strange and Philosophy offers comic book fans and philosophers alike the chance to dive deeper into the world of one of Marvel’s most mystical superheroes.

Knowledge and Experience in the Philosophy of F.H. Bradley

Author : Thomas Stearns Eliot
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780231071505
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (715 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge and Experience in the Philosophy of F.H. Bradley by : Thomas Stearns Eliot

Download or read book Knowledge and Experience in the Philosophy of F.H. Bradley written by Thomas Stearns Eliot and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: T. S. Elliot left Harvard during his third year of study in the department of philosophy and went to England. Forty-six years later he authorized the publication of his doctoral dissertation. Here we have a reprint of his sympathetic but not entirely uncritical study of the English idealist philosopher F. H. Bradley.

The Philosophy of Information

Author : Luciano Floridi
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191655643
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis The Philosophy of Information by : Luciano Floridi

Download or read book The Philosophy of Information written by Luciano Floridi and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-01-10 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Luciano Floridi presents a book that will set the agenda for the philosophy of information. PI is the philosophical field concerned with (1) the critical investigation of the conceptual nature and basic principles of information, including its dynamics, utilisation, and sciences, and (2) the elaboration and application of information-theoretic and computational methodologies to philosophical problems. This book lays down, for the first time, the conceptual foundations for this new area of research. It does so systematically, by pursuing three goals. Its metatheoretical goal is to describe what the philosophy of information is, its problems, approaches, and methods. Its introductory goal is to help the reader to gain a better grasp of the complex and multifarious nature of the various concepts and phenomena related to information. Its analytic goal is to answer several key theoretical questions of great philosophical interest, arising from the investigation of semantic information.

Knowledge Management Philosophy

Author : Jon-Arild Johannessen
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1839096349
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge Management Philosophy by : Jon-Arild Johannessen

Download or read book Knowledge Management Philosophy written by Jon-Arild Johannessen and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2020-01-08 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge Management is an important part of all business, and yet the discipline lacks a philosophy based on systemic thinking. Exploring this gap, expert author Jon-Arild Johannessen continues his research on knowledge management with the groundwork for a new philosophy.

Doing Philosophy

Author : Timothy Williamson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192555456
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Doing Philosophy by : Timothy Williamson

Download or read book Doing Philosophy written by Timothy Williamson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-09 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are philosophers trying to achieve? How can they succeed? Does philosophy make progress? Is it in competition with science, or doing something completely different, or neither? Timothy Williamson tackles some of the key questions surrounding philosophy in new and provocative ways, showing how philosophy begins in common sense curiosity, and develops through our capacity to dispute rationally with each other. Discussing philosophy's ability to clarify our thoughts, he explains why such clarification depends on the development of philosophical theories, and how those theories can be tested by imaginative thought experiments, and compared against each other by standards similar to those used in the natural and social sciences. He also shows how logical rigour can be understood as a way of enhancing the explanatory power of philosophical theories. Drawing on the history of philosophy to provide a track record of philosophical thinking's successes and failures, Williamson overturns widely held dogmas about the distinctive nature of philosophy in comparison to the sciences, demystifies its methods, and considers the future of the discipline. From thought experiments, to deduction, to theories, this little book will cause you to totally rethink what philosophy is.

Knowledge of God

Author : Alvin Plantinga
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1444301314
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge of God by : Alvin Plantinga

Download or read book Knowledge of God written by Alvin Plantinga and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-02-17 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is belief in God epistemically justified? That's the question at the heart of this volume in the Great Debates in Philosophy series, with Alvin Plantinga and Michael Tooley each addressing this fundamental question with distinctive arguments from opposing perspectives. The first half of the book contains each philosopher's explanation of his particular view; the second half allows them to directly respond to each other's arguments, in a lively and engaging conversation Offers the reader a one of a kind, interactive discussion Forms part of the acclaimed Great Debates in Philosophy series