The Palm Oil Controversy in Southeast Asia

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Author :
Publisher : Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
ISBN 13 : 9814311448
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (143 download)

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Book Synopsis The Palm Oil Controversy in Southeast Asia by : Oliver Pye

Download or read book The Palm Oil Controversy in Southeast Asia written by Oliver Pye and published by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. This book was released on 2013 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is a compilation of papers first presented at the workshop "The palm oil controversy in transnational perspective" that took place in Singapore, 2-4 March 2009. The workshop was jointly organized by the Institute of Oriental and Asian Studies, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit'at, Bonn and the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS), Singapore. It was funded by Asia-Europe Foundation (ASEF)"--Preface.

Palms of controversies

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Author :
Publisher : CIFOR
ISBN 13 : 6021504410
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (215 download)

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Book Synopsis Palms of controversies by : Alain Rival

Download or read book Palms of controversies written by Alain Rival and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2014-07-17 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid development of oil palm cultivation feeds many social issues such as biodiversity, deforestation, food habits or ethical investments. How can this palm be viewed as a ‘miracle plant’ by both the agro-food industry in the North and farmers in the tropical zone, but a serious ecological threat by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) campaigning for the environment or rights of local indigenous peoples? In the present book the authors – a biologist and an agricultural economist- describe a global and complex tropical sector, for which the interests of the many different stakeholders are often antagonistic. Oil palm has become emblematic of recent changes in North-South relationship in agricultural development. Indeed, palm oil is produced and consumed in the South; its trade is driven by emerging countries, although the major part of its transformations is made in the North that still hosts the largest multinational agro industries. It is also in the North that the sector is challenged on ethical and environmental issues. Public controversy over palm oil is often opinionated and it is fed by definitive and sometimes exaggerated statements. Researchers are conveying a more nuanced speech, which is supported by scientific data and a shared field experience. Their work helps in building a more balanced view, moving attention to the South, the region of exclusive production and major consumption of palm oil.

The Haze Problem in Southeast Asia

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317511115
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis The Haze Problem in Southeast Asia by : Helena Varkkey

Download or read book The Haze Problem in Southeast Asia written by Helena Varkkey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-07-16 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the efforts of Southeast Asian governments and of ASEAN, transboundary haze continues to be a major environmental problem in Southeast Asia. This book demonstrates that the issue is complex, and explains why efforts to solve the problem in purely political terms are ineffective, and likely to continue to be ineffective. The book shows how state-led, state-incentivised agribusiness development lies at the heart of the problem, leading to a large rise in palm oil production, with extensive clearing of forests, leading to deliberate or accidental fires and the resulting haze. Moreover, although the forest clearing is occurring in Indonesia, many of the companies involved are Malaysian and Singaporean; and, further, many of these companies have close relationships with the politicians and officials responsible for addressing the problem and who thereby have a conflict of interest. The author concludes by discussing the huge difficulties involved in overturning this system of 'patronage politics'.

Palm oil and indigenous peoples in South East Asia

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Author :
Publisher : Forest Peoples Programme
ISBN 13 : 9295093348
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Palm oil and indigenous peoples in South East Asia by :

Download or read book Palm oil and indigenous peoples in South East Asia written by and published by Forest Peoples Programme. This book was released on with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Oil Palm Complex

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Author :
Publisher : NUS Press
ISBN 13 : 9814722065
Total Pages : 490 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (147 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oil Palm Complex by : Rob Cramb

Download or read book The Oil Palm Complex written by Rob Cramb and published by NUS Press. This book was released on 2016-03-28 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oil palm industry has transformed rural livelihoods and landscapes across wide swathes of Indonesia and Malaysia, generating wealth along with economic, social, and environmental controversy. Who benefits and who loses from oil palm development? Can oil palm development provide a basis for inclusive and sustainable rural development? Based on detailed studies of specific communities and plantations and an analysis of the regional political economy of oil palm, this book unpicks the dominant policy narratives, business strategies, models of land acquisition, and labour-processes. It presents the oil palm industry in Malaysia and Indonesia as a complex system in which land, labour and capital are closely interconnected. Understanding this complex is a prerequisite to developing better strategies to harness the oil palm boom for a more equitable and sustainable pattern of rural development.

Governing the Palm Oil Industry

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 9781032605524
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis Governing the Palm Oil Industry by : Patrick O'Reilly

Download or read book Governing the Palm Oil Industry written by Patrick O'Reilly and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2024-09-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how different countries across Southeast Asia and Latin America are responding to the emergence and expansion of the lucrative, yet controversial, palm oil industry, paying attention to how national policy and governance regimes are shaping the global industry. With its historic roots in Southeast Asia, oil palm cultivation continues to expand beyond its historical centres. In Latin America, many countries are now developing their own policies to promote and govern oil palm cultivation. This book provides a unique examination of how different countries strive to strike a balance between developmental and environmental concerns, through case studies on Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, Colombia, Brazil, Ecuador, Honduras, and Mexico, and an outlook for the industry's prospects in Africa. This book applies an assemblage approach to draw out lessons on the global challenges posed by the industry and how differing national governance regimes and communities might respond to them. Rather than a single global industry, the book unveils a complex arrangement of national and even local oil palm assemblages, indicating that there is more than one way to do palm oil. In doing so, the book contributes to a better understanding of the drivers and processes that shape the governance of the industry, both in different nations and globally. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of the palm oil industry, as well as those interested in natural resource governance, sustainable agriculture, conservation, environmental justice, and environmental and development policy more broadly.

The Tropical Oil Crop Revolution

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190222980
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Tropical Oil Crop Revolution by : Derek Byerlee

Download or read book The Tropical Oil Crop Revolution written by Derek Byerlee and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall aim of the book is to provide a broad synthesis of the major supply and demand drivers of the rapid expansion of oil crops in the tropics; its economic, social, and environmental impacts; and the future outlook to 2050. After introducing the dramatic surge in oil crops, chapters provide a comparative perspective from different producing regions for two of the world's most important crops, oil palm and soybeans in the tropics. The following chapters examine the drivers of demand of vegetable oils for food, animal feed, and biodiesel and introduce the reader to price formation in vegetable oil markets and the role of trade in linking consumers across the world to distant producers in a handful of exporting countries. The remaining chapters review evidence on the economic, social, and environmental impacts of the oil crop revolution in the tropics. While both economic benefits and social and environmental costs have been huge, the outlook is for reduced trade-offs and more sustainable outcomes as the oil crop revolution slows and the global, national, and local communities converge on ways to better managed land use changes and land rights.

Prosperity or Predicament? Decoding Certification Challenges in Malaysia's Palm Oil Industry

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Author :
Publisher : ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute
ISBN 13 : 9815203355
Total Pages : 53 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (152 download)

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Book Synopsis Prosperity or Predicament? Decoding Certification Challenges in Malaysia's Palm Oil Industry by : Serina Rahman

Download or read book Prosperity or Predicament? Decoding Certification Challenges in Malaysia's Palm Oil Industry written by Serina Rahman and published by ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute. This book was released on 2024-03-22 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil palm was brought to Malaysia from West Africa as part of British colonial agricultural development initiatives, but the refining of crude palm oil only began in the 1970s as part of the move by the Malaysian government to industrialize the country’s agrarian economy. Malaysia is the world’s second-largest producer of palm oil, after Indonesia. Both countries account for about 85 per cent of total exports. Incidentally, smallholders produce about 40 per cent of the total output of palm oil in Malaysia. The palm oil industry is mired in controversy. Global campaigns originating in Europe and the US have branded the crop the biggest cause of deforestation, with proposed bans to follow in December 2024. Certification has been proposed as the solution to address gaps in sustainability. Sabah is used as an illustrative case study of an effective approach for statewide certification using both the Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) and Roundtable for Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) schemes.

Environmental Resources Use and Challenges in Contemporary Southeast Asia

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811088810
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Resources Use and Challenges in Contemporary Southeast Asia by : Mario Ivan Lopez

Download or read book Environmental Resources Use and Challenges in Contemporary Southeast Asia written by Mario Ivan Lopez and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-17 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume introduces dynamic approaches to the study of Southeast Asia’s environmental diversity from different disciplinary perspectives at the interface between the natural and social sciences. It brings together research on the region’s environmental resource use and shared ecological challenges in the context of present day globalization to offer insights for possible future directions. The book introduces unique approaches to the study of Southeast Asia’s environmental changes and resource management under the influence of intensifying economic change in the region. It also examines the slow erosion of Southeast Asia’s rich environment and addresses serious issues such as the decrease in biodiversity and tropical forests, and the degradation of peat lands. At the same time, it discusses the social issues that are tied to energy-dependent growth and have intensified over the last two decades. It also analyzes the new roadmaps being created to protect, conserve, and manage the environment. By investigating the many ecological issues surrounding us, the volume brings to light the constant struggles we face while trying to develop a more inclusive and equitable approach to natural resources governance. This volume is relevant for students, academics and researchers who have an interest in the Southeast Asian environment and the way in which we use and interact with it.

The Contested Rescaling of Economic Governance in East Asia

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317360680
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis The Contested Rescaling of Economic Governance in East Asia by : Shahar Hameiri

Download or read book The Contested Rescaling of Economic Governance in East Asia written by Shahar Hameiri and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the apparent contradictions which has puzzled observers of East Asian politics is why, despite the region's considerable economic integration, economic governance institutions remain largely underdeveloped. This book stems from the observation that the study of actual forms of economic governance in Asia has been impeded by the dominance of a ‘regionalism’ problematique. Scholars have focused on the emergence – or not – of regional multilateral institutions, seeking to evaluate these institutions’ capacities to enforce disciplines on Asian states. However, they have also neglected prior, and more pertinent, questions regarding the causal determinants of regional economic governance, which animate the contributions to this collection: What factors shape the scale and instruments of economic governance in Asia; and how and why is economic governance being rescaled between the sub-national, national and regional levels? In the chapters of this book, the contributors explore the social and political struggles over the scale and instruments of economic governance. They identify and explain the emergence of a wide variety of regional modes of economic governance, explain the factors shaping the spatial scale of economic governance in Asia, and discern the patterns of regional integration to which they give rise. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Australian Journal of International Affairs.

Non-State Actors and Transnational Governance in Southeast Asia

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000507548
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Non-State Actors and Transnational Governance in Southeast Asia by : Shaun Breslin

Download or read book Non-State Actors and Transnational Governance in Southeast Asia written by Shaun Breslin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the focus on national governments as the main providers of different forms of transnational governance in Southeast Asia is entirely understandable, such a focus can significantly underestimate the roles played by non-state actors. This comprehensive collection provides five different case studies that explore in detail how these governance forms work in different policy arenas. While previous studies have noted the way that non-state actors act as pressure or advisory groups, lobbying or advising states and regional organisations, this book explores how they are now more actively involved in a variety of cross-border networked forms of coordination, providing standards, rules and practices that other actors voluntarily abide by. The chapters in this volume reveal variations in the architecture of transnational governance, why they emerge, the modes of social co-ordination through which they work to shape actor behaviour and achieve impact, their normative implications, and how these governance schemes intersect with state and national regulatory frameworks. The authors point to the importance of looking beyond arrangements established through intergovernmental mechanisms in order to gain a full understanding of how international interactions are organised in Southeast Asia. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Contemporary Asia.

The Forests for the Palms

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Author :
Publisher : Iseas-Yusof Ishak Institute
ISBN 13 : 9789814881869
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (818 download)

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Book Synopsis The Forests for the Palms by : Helena Varkkey

Download or read book The Forests for the Palms written by Helena Varkkey and published by Iseas-Yusof Ishak Institute. This book was released on 2021-07-16 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transboundary haze has been a recurring problem in the Southeast Asian region since at least 1982. Why does this toxic form of air pollution still persist? Helena Varkkey, a Malaysian political scientist, has been studying this multifaceted problem for more than fifteen years. This book provides an ideal collection for those who want a clear but concise introduction to this complex issue. Its commentaries explore how often sensitive matters of ASEAN diplomacy, national interest or political patronage continue to stand in the way of clear skies in the region.

Prosperity Or Predicament?

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789815203349
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Prosperity Or Predicament? by : Serina Rahman

Download or read book Prosperity Or Predicament? written by Serina Rahman and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Routledge Handbook of Civil and Uncivil Society in Southeast Asia

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Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000841065
Total Pages : 507 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Routledge Handbook of Civil and Uncivil Society in Southeast Asia by : Eva Hansson

Download or read book Routledge Handbook of Civil and Uncivil Society in Southeast Asia written by Eva Hansson and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-02-28 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Civil and Uncivil Society in Southeast Asia explores the nature and implications of civil society across the region, engaging systematically with both theoretical approaches and empirical nuance for a systematic, comparative, and informative approach. The handbook actively analyses the varying definitions of civil society, critiquing the inconsistent scrutiny of this sphere over time. It brings forth the need to reconsider civil society development in today’s Southeast Asia, including activist organisations' and platforms' composition, claims, resources, and potential to effect sociopolitical change. Structured in five parts, the volume includes chapters written by an international set of experts analysing topics relating to civil society: Spaces and platforms Place within politics Resources and tactics Identity formation and claims Advocacy The handbook highlights the importance of civil society as a domain for political engagement outside the state and parties, across Southeast Asia, as well as the prevalence and weight of 'uncivil' dimensions. It offers a well-informed and comprehensive analysis of the topic and is an indispensable reference work for students and researchers in the fields of Asian Studies, Asian Politics, Southeast Asian Politics and Comparative Politics. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license. Funded by The Research Foundation for State University of New York, USA and The Stockholm Center for Global Asia, Sweden.

Pollution Across Borders: Transboundary Fire, Smoke And Haze In Southeast Asia

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Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9813203935
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (132 download)

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Book Synopsis Pollution Across Borders: Transboundary Fire, Smoke And Haze In Southeast Asia by : Euston Quah

Download or read book Pollution Across Borders: Transboundary Fire, Smoke And Haze In Southeast Asia written by Euston Quah and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2018-04-09 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of insights from experts of various fields, and will entail discussions of the recurring haze problem in Southeast Asia.It discusses multiple aspects of the haze problem. What is the cause of the haze? Who are the perpetrators and victims? What are the impacts and costs of the haze? Why has the haze problem persisted for decades? Are there prospects of resolving the pollution? How should we analyze the issue? Which solutions are more or less effective than others? How can we involve the stakeholders? The book provides a wide range of views on the haze problem. Written in a simple and accessible manner, this book allows the readers to easily access across different fields and develop a deeper understanding of the haze.

The Political Economy of Southeast Asia

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030282554
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Southeast Asia by : Toby Carroll

Download or read book The Political Economy of Southeast Asia written by Toby Carroll and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-03 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This is not only the best collection of essays on the political economy of Southeast Asia, but also, as a singular achievement of the “Murdoch School”, one of the rarest of books that demonstrates how knowledge production travels across generations, institutions and time periods, thereby continually enriching itself. No course on Southeast Asia can afford to miss it as its core text." (Professor Amitav Acharya, American University, USA) "This book – the fourth in a path-breaking series – demonstrates why a critical political economy approach is more crucial than ever for understanding Southeast Asia's transformation. Across a wide range of topics, the book explains how capitalist development and globalisation are reshaping the societies, economies and politics of a diverse group of countries, casting light on the deep sources of economic and social power in the region. This is a book that every student of Southeast Asia needs to read." (Professor Edward Aspinall, Australian National University, Australia) "This book does what a work on political economy should do: challenge existing paradigms in order to gain a deeper understanding of the processes of social transformation. This volume is distinctive in three ways. First, it eschews methodological nationalism and focuses on how the interaction of national, regional, and global forces are shaping and reshaping systems of governance, mass politics, economies, labor-capital relations, migration, and gender relations across the region. Second, it is a bold effort to show how the “Murdoch School,” which focuses on the dynamic synergy of internal class relations and global capitalism, provides a better explanatory framework for understanding social change in Southeast Asia than the rival “developmental state” and “historical institutionalist” approaches. Third, alongside established luminaries in the field, it showcases the younger generation of political economists doing pathbreaking work on different dimensions of the political economy of the region." (Walden Bello, State University of New York at Binghamton, USA, and Former Member of the Philippines’ House of Representatives) "This very timely fourth edition explores Southeast Asia’s political economy within the context of hyperglobalisation and China’s pronounced social-structural impacts on international politics, finance and economics over the past decade and a half. The volume successfully adopts a cross-cutting thematic approach, while also conveying the diversity and divergences among the Southeast Asian states and economies. This will be an important resource for scholars of International Relations and Comparative Politics, who need to take an interest in a dynamic and increasingly significant part of Asia." (Professor Evelyn Goh, Australian National University, Australia) “This ambitious collection takes a consistent theoretical approach and applies it to a thematic, comparative analysis across Southeast Asia. The yield is impressive: the social, political and economic forces constituting the current conjuncture are not simply invoked, they are thoroughly identified and explained. By posing the deceptively simple questions of what is happening and why, the authors demonstrate the reciprocal relation between theory-building and empirical inquiry, providing a model of engaged scholarship with global resonance. Bravo!" (Professor Tania Li, University of Toronto, Canada) "Counteracting the spaceless and flattened geography of much literature on uneven development, this book delivers a forensic examination of the unevenness of geographical development in Southeast Asia and the relations of force shaping capital, state, nature and civil society. This is the most compelling theoretical and empirical political economy book available on Southeast Asia." (Professor Adam David Morton, University of Sydney, Australia) "A vital book for all scholars, students and practitioners concerned with political economy and development, this volume combines cutting-edge theory with rich and wide-ranging empirical analysis. It is terrific to see the continued success of this book with this fully revised fourth edition." (Professor Nicola Philips, Kings College London, UK) "The Political Economy of Southeast Asia has become a leading reference for students of the region. With its breadth of geographic scope, timely themes, clarity of prose and rigour of analysis, Carroll, Hameiri and Jones have ensured that with this fourth edition the volume will continue its landmark status. The book, which brings together prominent experts in the field, will not only be of immense interest to scholars studying Southeast Asia, but also those seeking to understand the multifaceted nature of the political economy of uneven development in contemporary capitalism." (Professor Susanne Soederberg, Queen’s University, Canada) "The Asia Research Centre at Murdoch University has long produced leading analyses of the social, economic and political developments in Southeast Asia. This volume carries on that wonderful tradition. It brings together top-class scholars to challenge our assumptions about one of the most dynamic parts of the world. This collection is a crucial read for anyone interested in understanding trends in Southeast Asia’s development today and into the future." (Professor Richard Stubbs, McMaster University, Canada) "This fourth volume in a distinguished series provides a welcome and timely update of the Murdoch School’s distinctive approach to understanding the evolving political economy of Southeast Asia. Its theoretical depth and wide empirical scope will be of great value to scholars, students and practitioners seeking a systematic understanding of the political economy dynamics in the Asian region and, more broadly, of states and regions embedded in a complex, unstable global political economy." (Professor Andrew Walter, University of Melbourne) This all-new fourth edition of The Political Economy of Southeast Asia constitutes a state-of-the-art, comprehensive analysis of the political, economic, social and ecological development of one of the world’s most dynamic regions. With contributions from world-leading experts, the volume is unified by a single theoretical approach: the Murdoch School of political economy, which foregrounds struggles over power and resources and the evolving global context of hyperglobalisation. Themes considered include gender, populism, the transformation of the state, regional governance, aid and the environment. The volume will be of interest to scholars and students across multiple disciplines, including political economy, development studies, international relations and area studies. The findings of contributors will also be of value to civil society, policymakers and anyone interested in Southeast Asia and its development.

Sustainable development of the palm oil sector in the Congo Basin

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Author :
Publisher : CIFOR
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Sustainable development of the palm oil sector in the Congo Basin by : Ordway, E.M.

Download or read book Sustainable development of the palm oil sector in the Congo Basin written by Ordway, E.M. and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2019-05-09 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Congo Basin is rich in biodiversity and stores an estimated 25%-30% of the world’s tropical forest carbon stocks. As agricultural land becomes increasingly scarce in Southeast Asia, and regulatory pressures continue to intensify, the Congo Basin could become the next frontier for oil palm expansion. Most of the roughly 280 million hectares (Mha) of additional land suitable for oil palm in the Congo Basin are found in the Democratic Republic of Congo (60%), Cameroon (11%) and the Republic of Congo (10%). Many heavily forested countries in the Congo Basin are setting national targets to increase production to meet national and regional demands. Land area allocated to oil palm increased by 40% in the Congo Basin and five additional top-producing countries in Africa between 1990 and 2017. Without intervention, future production increases in the region will likely come from expansion rather than intensification due to low crop and processing yields, possibly at the expense of forest. Sustainability strategies initiated by companies and aimed at certifying palm oil mills are unlikely to be effective at curbing deforestation in the Congo Basin. Smallholder farmers are an engine of growth in the region’s palm oil sector, and recent evidence suggests they are actively clearing forest to expand. Because of the proliferation of non-industrial processing facilities (artisanal mills), a substantial fraction of the palm oil produced by smallholders never passes through a company’s jurisdiction. Smallholders are also disadvantaged by power imbalances and limited access to technical and financial resources. Including smallholders in sustainability strategies offers opportunities to achieve multisectoral goals. Recommendations to improve the sustainability of the palm oil sector in the Congo Basin include (1) improving access to finance for smallholders and non-industrial mill managers; (2) implementing policies to safeguard natural resources and facilitate access to appropriate market opportunities that offer incentives to prevent future deforestation; (3) intensifying production by replanting aging plantations, rehabilitating abandoned plantations with disease-resistant and high-yielding varieties, and increasing fertilization, without further expansion into high conservation value or high carbon stock forest areas; and (4) improving processing capacity and extraction rates by upgrading mill technologies. Sustainable palm oil development in the Congo Basin will require careful consideration of the governance, institutional, environmental and socioeconomic factors that underpin the complex regional supply chains.