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The New York City Police Departments Stop Frisk Practice
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Book Synopsis The New York City Police Department's Stop & Frisk Practices by : Eliot Spitzer
Download or read book The New York City Police Department's Stop & Frisk Practices written by Eliot Spitzer and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Canvasses 3 different perspectives on "stop and frisk" (S&F) police activity in NY City. Provides the legal definition of, and constitutional parameters for S&F encounters. Considers S&F from the perspective of both the N.Y. City Police Dept. (NYPD) and minority communities that believe they have been most affected by the use of S&F. S&F is also examined as part of the NYPD's training regimen and from the point of view of officers who have used the technique. Provides an assessment of the S&F tactic from the perspective of persons who have been "stopped," and commentary from persons who have observed the tactic's secondary effects. Comprehensive!!
Book Synopsis Fixing Broken Windows by : George L. Kelling
Download or read book Fixing Broken Windows written by George L. Kelling and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1997 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cites successful examples of community-based policing.
Book Synopsis The New York City Police Department's Stop & Frisk Practice by : Eliot Spitzer
Download or read book The New York City Police Department's Stop & Frisk Practice written by Eliot Spitzer and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Stop and Frisk by : Michael D. White
Download or read book Stop and Frisk written by Michael D. White and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2019-07-01 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner, 2019 Outstanding Book Award, given by the American Society of Criminology’s Division of Policing Section The first in-depth history and analysis of a much-abused policing policy No policing tactic has been more controversial than “stop and frisk,” whereby police officers stop, question and frisk ordinary citizens, who they may view as potential suspects, on the streets. As Michael White and Hank Fradella show in Stop and Frisk, the first authoritative history and analysis of this tactic, there is a disconnect between our everyday understanding and the historical and legal foundations for this policing strategy. First ruled constitutional in 1968, stop and frisk would go on to become a central tactic of modern day policing, particularly by the New York City Police Department. By 2011 the NYPD recorded 685,000 ‘stop-question-and-frisk’ interactions with citizens; yet, in 2013, a landmark decision ruled that the police had over- and mis-used this tactic. Stop and Frisk tells the story of how and why this happened, and offers ways that police departments can better serve their citizens. They also offer a convincing argument that stop and frisk did not contribute as greatly to the drop in New York’s crime rates as many proponents, like former NYPD Police Commissioner Ray Kelly and Mayor Michael Bloomberg, have argued. While much of the book focuses on the NYPD’s use of stop and frisk, examples are also shown from police departments around the country, including Philadelphia, Baltimore, Chicago, Newark and Detroit. White and Fradella argue that not only does stop and frisk have a legal place in 21st-century policing but also that it can be judiciously used to help deter crime in a way that respects the rights and needs of citizens. They also offer insight into the history of racial injustice that has all too often been a feature of American policing’s history and propose concrete strategies that every police department can follow to improve the way they police. A hard-hitting yet nuanced analysis, Stop and Frisk shows how the tactic can be a just act of policing and, in turn, shows how to police in the best interest of citizens.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Racial Disparities in the New York Police Department's Stop, Question, and Frisk Practices by : Greg Ridgeway
Download or read book Analysis of Racial Disparities in the New York Police Department's Stop, Question, and Frisk Practices written by Greg Ridgeway and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 89% of pedestrian stops by the New York Police Department involve non-white persons. The Dept. asked that a study be conducted by the RAND Center on Quality Policing (CQP) to help the New York City Police Department understand the issue of the predominance of pedestrian stops and identify recommendations for addressing potential problems.
Book Synopsis The New York City Police Department by : John A. Eterno
Download or read book The New York City Police Department written by John A. Eterno and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-10-13 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studying the flagship New York City Police Department is critical to understanding policing and democratic society. An examination of the department by experts who have been studying it for years, The New York City Police Department: The Impact of Its Policies and Practices provides a frank and open discussion about the NYPD from an elite group of scholars with varying viewpoints and concerns. The authors in this book are uniquely qualified to discuss and analyze the intricacies of policies and their impact. Researchers working the streets of Brooklyn expose stop-and-frisk policies. An expert academic covers marijuana arrest policies and their implications on citizens. The impact of the NYPD’s development of innovative technology is demonstrated by a recently retired captain who worked on developing the department’s real-time crime center. Presenting the insight of these and other experts, the book explores critical questions such as: How are victims of crime faring in the NYPD’s performance management system? Does the NYPD manipulate crime reports to make them appear better? How does the NYPD handle mass demonstrations? How does the community view the NYPD? How can an individual start a grassroots movement to influence policy and practices? The book explores hiring, firing, and retention; analyzes crime-fighting strategies; discusses the drop in homicide rate in recent years; and reviews legal concerns and the response to public demonstrations such as the Occupy Wall Street movement. The final chapter evaluates implications of the policies the NYPD follows and analyzes how it affects policing worldwide. A scintillating exposé on police culture and resistance to change, the book is destined to encourage enhanced social discourse on the topic for years to come.
Book Synopsis Racial Profiling and the NYPD by : Jay L. Newberry
Download or read book Racial Profiling and the NYPD written by Jay L. Newberry and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-15 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes New York City’s stop-and-frisk data both pre- and post-constitutionality ruling, examining the existence of both profiling and unequal treatment among the three largest groups identified in the database: Blacks, Whites, and Hispanics. The purpose for using these two time periods is to determine which group(s) benefited the most from the ruling. This research goes beyond standard statistics to identify the place that race holds in contributing to the stop disparities. Specifically, this research will adds a spatial element to the numbers by analyzing the determinants of stop location by race, applying a principal component analysis to a mixture of census and stop-and-frisk data to determine the influence of location on stops by race. The results present a way of determining the plausibility of stops being the product of racial profiling–or just a matter of happenstance.
Book Synopsis The Crime Numbers Game by : John A. Eterno
Download or read book The Crime Numbers Game written by John A. Eterno and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-27 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the mid-1990s, the NYPD created a performance management strategy known as Compstat. It consisted of computerized data, crime analysis, and advanced crime mapping coupled with middle management accountability and crime strategy meetings with high-ranking decision makers. While initially credited with a dramatic reduction in crime, questions quic
Book Synopsis National Origin Disparities in the New York City Police Department's Stop-and-Frisk Practices Since 9/11 by : Katherine E. Florio
Download or read book National Origin Disparities in the New York City Police Department's Stop-and-Frisk Practices Since 9/11 written by Katherine E. Florio and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last two decades, the New York City Police Department's (NYPD) practice of stop-and-frisk has been the subject of intense public debate and litigation for its disproportionate impact on minorities. In 2013, United States District Court Judge Shira A. Scheindlin ruled in Floyd v. City of New York that NYPD's stop-and-frisk policies violated the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches and seizures and the Fourteenth Amendment's guarantee of equal protection under the law. Judge Scheindlin's decision relied heavily on evidence of the disparate impact of stop-and-frisk on black and Hispanic pedestrians. Similarly, all academic and policy analysis of potential biases in NYPD's stop-and-frisk practices to date has focused on these two minority groups. This paper expands this body of research by evaluating the effect of stop-and-frisk on individuals from certain national origins. Specifically, my research focuses on nationalities that have been classified as "ancestries of interest" (AOI) by NYPD since the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. According to media reports, NYPD has focused its post-9/11 counter-terrorism surveillance programs on neighborhoods in the city with concentrated populations of individuals from twenty-eight AOI. These AOI are comprised of national ancestries from predominately Muslim countries. Using NYPD stop-and-frisk data from 2003 through 2011, I test whether the AOI population in a police precinct is a statistically significant predictor of the annual number of stops in the precinct while controlling for crime rates, other demographic characteristics--including gender, age, race, and the foreign-born population--and socio-economic indicators. I find a positive, statistically significant relationship between the AOI population and the number of annual stops in a police precinct. These results suggest that NYPD's use of stop-and-frisk has disparately impacted AOI individuals and that the city should consider national origin, in addition to race, as it works to reduce the potential for bias in stop-and-frisk practices moving forward.
Book Synopsis Report on Arrests Arising from the New York City Police Department's Stop-And-Frisk Practices by : New York (State). Civil Rights Bureau
Download or read book Report on Arrests Arising from the New York City Police Department's Stop-And-Frisk Practices written by New York (State). Civil Rights Bureau and published by . This book was released on 2013-12-15 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report analyzes the New York City Police Department's stop and frisk program by studying and tracking the arrests that result from stops. This is the first such analysis of what happens to individuals and institutions following these arrests. While the constitutionality of the stop and frisk program has been the subject of litigation and significant debate, its efficacy has been less closely scrutinized, and this report helps to fill that gap. In analyzing close to 150,000 arrests that resulted from approx. 2.4 million stops between 2009 and 2012, the report concludes that roughly half of those arrests, or just 3% of stops, led to guilty pleas or convictions at trial. In addition, just 0.3 of stops led to jail sentences of more than 30 days, and 0.1% led to convictions for a violent crime. The report also finds widespread consequences for arrestees and criminal justice institutions, including litigation costs incurred by the city, and various harms even to individuals arrested for misdemeanors. Figures and tables. This is a print on demand report.
Book Synopsis The City That Became Safe by : Franklin E. Zimring
Download or read book The City That Became Safe written by Franklin E. Zimring and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-11 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses many of the ways that New York City dropped its crime rate between the years of 1991 and 2000.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309467136 Total Pages :409 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Proactive Policing by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Proactive Policing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-23 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term "proactive policing" to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities.
Download or read book Cop in the Hood written by Peter Moskos and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-03 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Harvard-trained sociologist Peter Moskos left the classroom to become a cop in Baltimore's Eastern District, he was thrust deep into police culture and the ways of the street--the nerve-rattling patrols, the thriving drug corners, and a world of poverty and violence that outsiders never see. In Cop in the Hood, Moskos reveals the truths he learned on the midnight shift. Through Moskos's eyes, we see police academy graduates unprepared for the realities of the street, success measured by number of arrests, and the ultimate failure of the war on drugs. In addition to telling an explosive insider's story of what it is really like to be a police officer, he makes a passionate argument for drug legalization as the only realistic way to end drug violence--and let cops once again protect and serve. In a new afterword, Moskos describes the many benefits of foot patrol--or, as he calls it, "policing green."
Book Synopsis Examining the Potential for Racial/ethnic Disparities in Use of Force During NYPD Stop and Frisk Activities by : Weston Morrow
Download or read book Examining the Potential for Racial/ethnic Disparities in Use of Force During NYPD Stop and Frisk Activities written by Weston Morrow and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1990s, stop and frisk activities have been a cornerstone of the New York Police Department (NYPD). The manner in which the NYPD has carried out stop, question, and frisks (SQFs), however, has been a focal point of discussion, resulting in public outrage and two major lawsuits. Recently, the Federal District Court Judge ruled that the NYPD was engaging in unconstitutional stop-and-frisk practices that targeted predominately Black and Latino New Yorkers. Questions surrounding the NYPDs SQF practices have almost exclusively focused on racial and ethnic disproportionality in the rate of stops without necessarily considering what transpired during the stop. This study will fill that void by examining the prevalence and nature of use of force during those stops, along with testing the minority threat hypothesis. By combining micro-level measures from the NYPDs 2012 "Stop, Question, and Frisk" database with macro-level variables collected from the United States Census Bureau, the current study examines police use of force in the context of SQF activities. The results should help judges, policy makers, police officers, and scholars understand the nature of police use of force in the context of SQFs.
Book Synopsis Fight the Power by : Clarence Taylor
Download or read book Fight the Power written by Clarence Taylor and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2018-12-20 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A story of resistance, power and politics as revealed through New York City’s complex history of police brutality The 2014 killing of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri was the catalyst for a national conversation about race, policing, and injustice. The subsequent killings of other black (often unarmed) citizens led to a surge of media coverage which in turn led to protests and clashes between the police and local residents that were reminiscent of the unrest of the 1960s. Fight the Power examines the explosive history of police brutality in New York City and the black community’s long struggle to resist it. Taylor brings this story to life by exploring the institutions and the people that waged campaigns to end the mistreatment of people of color at the hands of the police, including the black church, the black press, black communists and civil rights activists. Ranging from the 1940s to the mayoralty of Bill de Blasio, Taylor describes the significant strides made in curbing police power in New York City, describing the grassroots street campaigns as well as the accomplishments achieved in the political arena and in the city’s courtrooms. Taylor challenges the belief that police reform is born out of improved relations between communities and the authorities arguing that the only real solution is radically reducing the police domination of New York’s black citizens.
Book Synopsis Police Practices and Civil Rights in New York City by : Mary Frances Berry
Download or read book Police Practices and Civil Rights in New York City written by Mary Frances Berry and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2000-12 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On May 26, 1999, the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights conducted a hearing in New York City to examine current police practices & their impact on civil rights in the community at large. The Commission had a strong interest in studying the methods used by the city to balance crime fighting with the exercise of appropriate restraint, particularly following the highly publicized tragedies involving Abner Louima & Amadou Diallo. This report is intended to offer insights into some of the tensions that exist between the New York Police Dept. & the communities that it serves. Chapters: recruitment, selection, & training; police-community relations; & civilian complaints.
Book Synopsis Policing the Planet by : Jordan T. Camp
Download or read book Policing the Planet written by Jordan T. Camp and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2016-06-07 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How policing became the major political issue of our time Combining firsthand accounts from activists with the research of scholars and reflections from artists, Policing the Planet traces the global spread of the broken-windows policing strategy, first established in New York City under Police Commissioner William Bratton. It’s a doctrine that has vastly broadened police power the world over—to deadly effect. With contributions from #BlackLivesMatter cofounder Patrisse Cullors, Ferguson activist and Law Professor Justin Hansford, Director of New York–based Communities United for Police Reform Joo-Hyun Kang, poet Martín Espada, and journalist Anjali Kamat, as well as articles from leading scholars Ruth Wilson Gilmore, Robin D. G. Kelley, Naomi Murakawa, Vijay Prashad, and more, Policing the Planet describes ongoing struggles from New York to Baltimore to Los Angeles, London, San Juan, San Salvador, and beyond.
