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The Nanotoxicology Of A Newly Developed Zero Valent Iron Nanomaterial For Groundwater Remediation And Its Remediation Efficiency Assessment Combined With In Vitro Bioassays For Detection Of Dioxin Like Environmental Pollutants
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Book Synopsis The Nanotoxicology of a Newly Developed Zero-valent Iron Nanomaterial for Groundwater Remediation and Its Remediation Efficiency Assessment Combined with in Vitro Bioassays for Detection of Dioxin-like Environmental Pollutants by : Andreas Herbert Schiwy
Download or read book The Nanotoxicology of a Newly Developed Zero-valent Iron Nanomaterial for Groundwater Remediation and Its Remediation Efficiency Assessment Combined with in Vitro Bioassays for Detection of Dioxin-like Environmental Pollutants written by Andreas Herbert Schiwy and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron Particles for Environmental Restoration by : Tanapon Phenrat
Download or read book Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron Particles for Environmental Restoration written by Tanapon Phenrat and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first complete edited volume devoted to providing comprehensive and state-of-the art descriptions of science principles and pilot- and field-scaled engineering applications of nanoscale zerovalent iron particles (NZVI) for soil and groundwater remediation. Although several books on environmental nanotechnology contain chapters of NZVI for environmental remediation (Wiesner and Bottero (2007); Geiger and Carvalho-Knighton (2009); Diallo et al. (2009); Ram et al. (2011)), none of them include a comprehensive treatment of the fundamental and applied aspects of NZVI applications. Most devote a chapter or two discussing a contemporary aspect of NZVI. In addition, environmental nanotechnology has a broad audience including environmental engineers and scientists, geochemists, material scientists, physicists, chemists, biologists, ecologists and toxicologists. None of the current books contain enough background material for such multidisciplinary readers, making it difficult for a graduate student or even an experienced researcher or environmental remediation practitioner new to nanotechnology to catch up with the massive, undigested literature. This prohibits the reader from gaining a complete understanding of NZVI science and technology. In this volume, the sixteen chapters are based on more than two decades of laboratory research and development and field-scaled demonstrations of NZVI implementation. The authors of each chapter are leading researchers and/or practitioners in NZVI technology. This book aims to be an important resource for all levels of audiences, i.e. graduate students, experienced environmental and nanotechnology researchers, and practitioners evaluating environmental remediation, as it is designed to involve everything from basic to advanced concepts.
Book Synopsis Iron Nanomaterials for Water and Soil Treatment by : Marta I. Litter
Download or read book Iron Nanomaterials for Water and Soil Treatment written by Marta I. Litter and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology has a great potential for providing efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally acceptable solutions to face the increasing requirements on quality and quantity of fresh water for industrial, agricultural, or human use. Iron nanomaterials, either zerovalent iron (nZVI) or iron oxides (nFeOx), present key physicochemical properties that make them particularly attractive as contaminant removal agents for water and soil cleaning. The large surface area of these nanoparticles imparts high sorption capacity to them, along with the ability to be functionalized for the enhancement of their affinity and selectivity. However, one of the most important properties is the outstanding capacity to act as redox-active materials, transforming the pollutants to less noxious chemical species by either oxidation or reduction, such as reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and dehalogenation of hydrocarbons. This book focuses on the methods of preparation of iron nanomaterials that can carry out contaminant removal processes and the use of these nanoparticles for cleaning waters and soils. It carefully explains the different aspects of the synthesis and characterization of iron nanoparticles and methods to evaluate their ability to remove contaminants, along with practical deployment. It overviews the advantages and disadvantages of using iron-based nanomaterials and presents a vision for the future of this nanotechnology. While this is an easy-to-understand book for beginners, it provides the latest updates to experts of this field. It also opens a multidisciplinary scope for engineers, scientists, and undergraduate and postgraduate students. Although there are a number of books published on the subject of nanomaterials, not too many of them are especially devoted to iron materials, which are rather of low cost, are nontoxic, and can be prepared easily and envisaged to be used in a large variety of applications. The literature has scarce reviews on preparation of iron nanoparticles from natural sources and lacks emphasis on the different processes, such as adsorption, redox pathways, and ionic exchange, taking place in the removal of different pollutants. Reports and mechanisms on soil treatment are not commonly found in the literature. This book opens a multidisciplinary scope for engineers and scientists and also for undergraduate or postgraduate students.
Book Synopsis Nanotechnology for Environmental Remediation by : Sung Hee Joo
Download or read book Nanotechnology for Environmental Remediation written by Sung Hee Joo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-06-18 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the suitability of nanoscale zero-valent iron (ZVI) for degradation of agrochemicals. This book identifies by-products produced from the ZVI-mediated degradation process of particular contaminants, and explains the reaction mechanism by which ZVI degrades a chosen contaminant.
Book Synopsis Optimization of Nanoscale Zero-valent Iron for the Remediation of Groundwater Contaminants by : Andrew W.E. McPherson
Download or read book Optimization of Nanoscale Zero-valent Iron for the Remediation of Groundwater Contaminants written by Andrew W.E. McPherson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of Improved Strategies for the Remediation of Arsenic in Groundwater Using Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticles, Fungi and Plants by : Mariana Umpierrez Failache
Download or read book Development of Improved Strategies for the Remediation of Arsenic in Groundwater Using Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticles, Fungi and Plants written by Mariana Umpierrez Failache and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid widely distributed nature because of its release from geologic media, which can be exacerbated by anthropogenic activities. As occurs in inorganic and organic forms and is present as arsenate (As(V)) and arsenite (As(III)). The dominance of one or other species is highly dependent on the pH and redox potential (Eh). Speciation affects the mobility and sorption capacity of As; As(III) being more toxic, more mobile and less sorptive than As(V). Additionally, organic arsenic species can be present in both oxidation states and its occurrence and biodistribution depend principally on the biomethylation activity of microorganisms. Current methodologies for its remediation are mostly based on chemical and physical methods and have deficiencies, which motivates the exploration of new alternatives. Studies show that nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) can sorb both As(III) and As(V) under laboratory and field conditions, however, the As removal efficiency of nZVI is highly dependent on the size, charge, surface functionalization, and degree of surface oxidation. Therefore, optimizing the sorption and stability of the As-nZVI complexes is critical for the development of effective soil and groundwater remediation techniques. Moreover, the development of robust methodologies for the evaluation of potential remediation technologies is highly needed. The first objective of this thesis is the study of As(V) and As(III) removal and retention capacity of pure nZVI and two different types of sulfidated nZVI. Results show that nZVI, two-step synthetized sodium sulfide sulfidated nZVI (Na2S-SnZVI), and one-step synthesized sodium dithionite sulfidated nZVI (Dt-SnZVI) have high removal efficiencies and increased stability than nanoparticles of FeS and Fe3O4. In particular, Dt-SnZVI had higher sorption capacity for both As species. Our results suggest that As removal by Dt-SnZVI involves highly stable inner sphere complexation with FeS like phases, thus sorption is less affected by potential interferences like phosphate and HA in aqueous phase. Moreover, leachability of As from Dt-SnZVI was significantly lower than from Na2S-nZVI and nZVI, which highlights the unique properties of this nanomaterial. The use of rice plants as a means to evaluate As bioavailability in the soil after treatment with Dt-SnZVI was assessed. Results show that Dt-SnZVI had a statistically significant positive impact on plant growth and chlorophyll content upon exposure to As. The application of Dt-SnZVI reduced the amount of both As(V) and As(III) in the aerial parts. Studies demonstrated that Fe remains in the roots and that P uptake was not significantly affected suggesting that Dt-SnZVI treatment is safe for plants. These results overall confirm that the use of rice plants is a robust and reliable method for assessing the reduction of the bioavailability of As in soil by Dt-SnZVI. Finally, isolation and characterization of an acidophilic fungus, Acidomyces acidophilus, from a highly heavy metal contaminated Acid Main Drainage (AMD) was performed and its As metabolism and biomethylation potential was studied. The ifungus showed that its As tolerance and removal capacity is highly dependent on pH. The mechanism involves As(V) reduction and biomethylation. Expression of arsenite methyltransferase (As3MT) gene is upregulated in the presence of As(III) at pH 3. Additionally, this fungus is capable of removing As by biosorption to biomass and is non-toxic for rice plants, suggesting that it can be potentially used for the remediation of highly acidic effluents. Overall, these studies presented will lead to the potential development of viable strategies for arsenic immobilization and encapsulation in soil and its removal from groundwater and the assessment of the effectiveness of the treatment in terms of biota bioavailability"--
Book Synopsis Effect of Groundwater Biogeochemistry on Zero Valent Iron Nanoparticles by : Sai Rajasekar Chandrasekar Rajajayavel
Download or read book Effect of Groundwater Biogeochemistry on Zero Valent Iron Nanoparticles written by Sai Rajasekar Chandrasekar Rajajayavel and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Accidental spills and past improper disposal practices of chlorinated solvents have led to widespread soil and groundwater contamination. Drinking water standards for trichloroethylene (TCE) and many other chlorinated organic contaminants are in the range of 5 μg/L and these compounds have received extensive regulatory attention because these compounds are often carcinogenic and neurotoxic. Direct injection of reactive nanoscale zerovalent iron particles (NZVI) is considered to be a promising approach for remediation of chlorinated compounds. NZVI is a strong reducing agent that can effectively transform TCE and other chlorinated organic compounds to non-toxic end products. The objective of the research was to assess various biogeochemical conditions on the reactivity of iron nanoparticles in particular sulfidation of NZVI for remediation of TCE. In addition, the feasibility of coupled NZVI-based remediation and bioremediation using polymer-coated bimetallic NZVI and a dechlorinating mixed culture consortia (KB-1) was investigated. We demonstrated that the extent of sulfidation of NZVI enhances the rate of dechlorination of TCE compared to non-sulfidated NZVI, and this enhancement depends on the Fe/S molar ratio of the sulfidated NZVI particles. Batch experiments where TCE was reacted with NZVI sulfidated to different extents (Fe/S molar ratios 0.62 to 66) showed that the surface-area normalized first-order TCE degradation rate constant increased 40 fold compared to non-sulfidated NZVI. FX-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses showed formation of a surface layer of FeS and FeS2. This indicates sulfide ions reacted with NZVI iron sulfide on surface of S-NZVI. We propose that more electrons are preferentially conducted from sulfidated NZVI than from unamended NZVI to TCE, likely because of greater binding affinity of TCE on the reactive sites of the iron sulfide outer layer. Aging of sulfidated iron nanoparticles (S-NZVI) and their influence on rate of TCE dechlorination was compared to the aged non-sulfidated NZVI. Long-term experiments indicate that pseudo-first order H2 evolution rate constant for non-sulfidated NZVI was 0.092 ± 0.005 d-1 and was significantly higher than the S-NZVI (Fe/S=25) at 0.051 ± 0.005 h-1. This difference in hydrogen evolved corresponds to the amount of reactive Fe(0) consumed in the absence of TCE. To further support, the efficacy of long-term reactivity S-NZVI batch TCE degradation experiment with anaerobically aged S-NZVI (40 days) degraded significantly more TCE than the non-sulfidated NZVI. Bimetallic, palladium-doped iron nanoparticles (Pd-NZVI) are capable of rapid transformation of higher initial TCE concentration, and the ability to form rapid H2 (electron donor for bacteria) may facilitate TCE biodegradation. Dehalococcoides are the only species of bacteria that are capable of degrading TCE completely to ethene under anaerobic conditions. Therefore, we investigated the interaction of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) stabilized palladium (Pd-NZVI) on the dechlorinating mixed culture KB-1 for reductive dechlorination of 1, 2 dichloroethane (DCA). Results suggest that systems with CMC alone as a sole carbon source and electron donor were capable of degrading 1, 2-DCA, and methane formation. The microcosms with KB-1 and polymer coated Pd-NZVI degraded 1, 2-DCA at a significantly higher rate constant compared to KB-1 and CMC systems. In addition, methanogenesis by KB-1 showed no statistically significant difference in the methane formation rate constants between Pd-CMC-NZVI and CMC only systems.Overall, this research demonstrates NZVI reactivity towards TCE and its longevity (efficacy) under anaerobic conditions can be enhanced with sulfidation. In addition, this research also shows that CMC stabilized bimetallic NZVI, is not inhibitory to Dehalococcoides spp. and could promote complete bioremediation." --
Book Synopsis Nanofer Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles by : Mahmoud Eglal
Download or read book Nanofer Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles written by Mahmoud Eglal and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Zero Valent Iron Nanoparticles by : Biruck Desalegn Yirsaw
Download or read book Zero Valent Iron Nanoparticles written by Biruck Desalegn Yirsaw and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thesis is comprised of three distinct phases. In the first phase of the research, synthesis of nZVI using fruit waste, namely the mango peel extract was carried out. Then, the role in contaminant remediation of the synthesized nZVI particle was evaluated using environmentally relevant contaminants; i.e. examining the role of the newly synthesized nZVI for catalytic oxidation of total petroleum hydrocarbons in oily sludge contaminated soil and for the reductive removal of aqueous solutions of chromium VI. Due to the dramatic increase in the production and use for environmental remediation, studies lacking the toxicological information of the commercial forms of iron containing nanoparticles to terrestrial organisms had also been carried out. Therefore, phase three is focused on evaluation of the risks of using nZVI for environmental remediation.
Book Synopsis Transport, Reactivity and Fate of Polyelectrolyte Modified Zero Valent Iron Nanoparticles Used for Groundwater Remediation in Heterogeneous Porous Media by : Hye-Jin Kim
Download or read book Transport, Reactivity and Fate of Polyelectrolyte Modified Zero Valent Iron Nanoparticles Used for Groundwater Remediation in Heterogeneous Porous Media written by Hye-Jin Kim and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reactivity and Lifetime of Nano-scale Zero-valent Iron for Groundwater Dense Non-aqueous Phase Liquid Remediation by : Yueqiang Liu
Download or read book Reactivity and Lifetime of Nano-scale Zero-valent Iron for Groundwater Dense Non-aqueous Phase Liquid Remediation written by Yueqiang Liu and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Use of Zero-valent Iron as a Treatment Medium for Ground Water Remediation by : Xueyuan Yu
Download or read book Use of Zero-valent Iron as a Treatment Medium for Ground Water Remediation written by Xueyuan Yu and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Feasibility of Using Zero-valent Iron for the Remediation of Ethanethiol Contaminated Ground Water by : Benjamin L. Wear
Download or read book The Feasibility of Using Zero-valent Iron for the Remediation of Ethanethiol Contaminated Ground Water written by Benjamin L. Wear and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Remediation for Complex Environmental Problems by : Sadia Ameen
Download or read book Handbook of Remediation for Complex Environmental Problems written by Sadia Ameen and published by . This book was released on 2019-04-17 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid pace of industrialization and its resulting by-products have affected the environment by producing hazardous wastes, which have been released into the environment. Environmental pollution is a global menace, the magnitude of which is increasing day-by-day due to urbanization, heavy industrialization, and changing lifestyles. Nanostructures as functional building blocks are an ideal candidate for investigation into the dependence of structural, optical, electrical, and magnetic properties of the quantum confinement effect and morphology, which paves the way for novel nanotechnological applications. Both physical and chemical properties of nanostructures are associated with their size, shape, and dimensionality; therefore, morphology controlled synthesis of functional nanostructures gains importance from a scientific and technological perspective.Semiconductor nanomaterials at the nanoscale are gaining significant attention in the areas of energy conversion and storage, sensing, electronics, photonics, and biomedicine. In this book, we discuss semiconducting metal oxide nanostructures like TiO2, ZnO, conducting polymers and nanocomposites for their efficient detection of harmful and toxic chemicals, and nanomaterials for photocatalytic degradation, with an emphasis on the applications of semiconducting materials for renewable energy. The book includes a brief literature survey, properties and the latest research advances in the development of various metal oxide nanostructures, and how nanocomposites and conducting polymer based nanomaterials are efficient for environmental remediation.The application of nanomaterials in the detection and removal of pathogens provides greater sensitivity, lower cost, shorter turn-around times, smaller sample sizes, in-line and real-time detection, as well as higher throughput and portability in environmental remediation. Furthermore, semiconductor photocatalysis for remediation has real potential for combating water pollution. This book provides a comprehensive look at the morphological, structural, crystalline, optical, electrical, and electrochemical properties of semiconducting metal oxides and their applications for environmental cleaning. The preparation and modification of semiconducting nanomaterials could be promising for the reliable and effective detection of harmful chemicals, and renewable energy.
Book Synopsis Environmental Applications and Implications of Iron Based Nanoparticles by : Veronica Llaneza La Grave
Download or read book Environmental Applications and Implications of Iron Based Nanoparticles written by Veronica Llaneza La Grave and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The degradation of our nation's water quality by anthropogenic activities is a critical issue that requires innovation in water treatment technologies. A case in point is the contamination of water resources by arsenic (As), a metalloid with well-documented adverse impacts on the environment and human health. Accordingly, the maximum contaminant level (MCL) for As in drinking water previously set at 50 ... g/L by the US Environmental Protection Agency was lowered down to 10 ... g/L. This new and stringent MCL has since stimulated research on novel water treatment technologies for As removal. The current emergence of nanotechnology is rather timely, in that, it allows the manufacturing of nanomaterials with peculiar characteristics and great potentials for use in advanced water treatment technologies. In this dissertation, engineered zero-valent iron (nZVI) nanoparticles (NPs) were investigated for their ability to sorb As, with the ultimate goal to develop an efficient application for purification of As contaminated waters.
Book Synopsis Abiotic Remediation of Nitro-Aromatic Groundwater Contaminants by Zero-Valent Iron by : Abinash Agrawal
Download or read book Abiotic Remediation of Nitro-Aromatic Groundwater Contaminants by Zero-Valent Iron written by Abinash Agrawal and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent laboratory and field experiments have shown that some halogenated hydrocarbons undergo rapid reductive dehalogenation with zero-valent iron and the application of this process is being developed for in-situ remediation of contaminated groundwater. However, from can also reduce other organic substances and is commonly used to synthesize reduction products nitro compounds.
Book Synopsis Nanotechnology Applications for Clean Water by : Nora Savage
Download or read book Nanotechnology Applications for Clean Water written by Nora Savage and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2009 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In this truly unique reference, over 80 leading experts from the global scientific community share their research and knowledge to address the global challenges of water quality and remediation in the hopes that nanotechnology can ensure that clean water is available to everyone."--BOOK JACKET.
