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The Moderating Effect Of Baseline Word Reading Skills On Reading Comprehension Outcomes For Upper Elementary Students With Reading Difficulties
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Book Synopsis The Moderating Effect of Baseline Word Reading Skills on Reading Comprehension Outcomes for Upper Elementary Students with Reading Difficulties by : Johny Daniel
Download or read book The Moderating Effect of Baseline Word Reading Skills on Reading Comprehension Outcomes for Upper Elementary Students with Reading Difficulties written by Johny Daniel and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Students with reading difficulties in upper elementary grades comprise a heterogenous population of students with deficits in various areas of reading (i.e., word reading, vocabulary, reading fluency, &/or reading comprehension). To address the needs of this diverse group of students with reading difficulties, a majority of researchers over the last decade have designed and implemented multicomponent reading interventions (MCRIs) that provide instruction in multiple areas of reading. However, results from intervention studies implementing MCRIs for upper elementary grade students with reading difficulties have been mixed. While some studies have reported significant positive growth for treatment group students compared to controls, others have reported similar growth patterns for treatment and control group students. To gain a nuanced understanding of the effects of MCRIs, some researchers have used moderator analyses to determine if baseline student-level differences predict students' responsiveness to intervention. The goal of the current study is to evaluate if students' baseline word reading skills predict their response to a MCRI. Word reading, a fundamental skill that is a prerequisite to developing reading comprehension skills, has rarely been explored as a moderator for response to MCRIs. Only few studies (Vaughn et al., 2019a; Vaughn et al., 2019b; Wanzek et al., 2017) have explored how upper elementary students with reading difficulties' baseline word reading skills moderate the effects of MCRIs and only one past study has used latent variables to evaluate intervention effectiveness for students with varying levels of baseline word reading proficiencies (Wanzek et al., 2017). The current proposed study is a conceptual replication of the Wanzek et al. (2017) study and proposes to use a latent variable approach to model the moderating effect of baseline word reading on end-of-year reading comprehension. Data from year-one of a randomized controlled trial for third and fourth grade students with reading difficulties will be analyzed to address the following research question: Does preintervention word reading status moderate the effect of a year-long multicomponent reading intervention on reading comprehension for students with reading difficulties in Grades 3 and 4? Results from the study show that baseline word reading was a significant predictor of students' end-of-year reading comprehension performance. Treatment group students who had lower baseline scores performed significantly below on posttest reading comprehension compared to treatment students with comparatively higher baseline word reading scores. Findings denote the importance of word reading instruction for upper elementary students who are below-average word readers and also indicate the need for tailoring reading intervention to align with individual reader profile needs
Book Synopsis The Effects of Prompts and Comprehension Assessment on Oral Reading by : Bethany Evelyn Forbes
Download or read book The Effects of Prompts and Comprehension Assessment on Oral Reading written by Bethany Evelyn Forbes and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Words correct per minute (WCPM) scores, derived from oral reading fluency (ORF) assessments, are used, in part, to make decisions regarding special education eligibility. WCPM scores are sensitive to environmental factors such as the presence of a stopwatch, administrator characteristics, and instructions. Using sixth-, seventh-, and eighth-grade middle school students, we replicate and extend previous research on the effects of environmental prompts on ORF scores by instructing students to read fast and investigating the reading skill-by-instructions interaction. We also evaluated how students who had been were instructed to read fast (phase two) responded to subsequent (phase three) standard instructions and standard instructions plus a requirement to answer comprehension questions. Both Experiment I and II revealed that when students were instructed to read fast, as opposed to read their best, they increased their WCPM and errors. In Experiment I, a two-by-three mixed model ANOVA revealed a significant interaction between reading skill and instructions. When instructed to read fast, those with stronger reading skills had significantly larger increases in WCPM and smaller increases in errors. This interaction was not found in Experiment II. One explanation for these discrepant findings relates to differences in the difficulty level of passages used in the two studies. During Experiment I, harder passages were assigned to the read fast phase. Harder passages may have caused weaker readers more difficulty than stronger readers, which could account for the significant interaction. During Experiment II, within-subject analyses were used to assess how students who were instructed to read fast during phase two responded to standard instructions and standard instructions plus comprehension questions during phase three. Both groups altered their reading based on the new instructions and their WCPM and error scores decreased, approaching their phase one (standard instructions) levels. These findings, which showed that students responded to differences in instructions with significant increases and decreases in their WCPM, have applied implications for the administration of ORF assessments within Response to Intervention (RtI) programs. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Reading Interventions by : Rollanda E. O'Connor
Download or read book Handbook of Reading Interventions written by Rollanda E. O'Connor and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2011-06-17 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive, authoritative, and designed for practical utility, this handbook presents evidence-based approaches for helping struggling readers and those at risk for literacy difficulties or delays. Leading experts explain how current research on all aspects of literacy translates into innovative classroom practices. Chapters include clear descriptions of effective interventions for word recognition, spelling, fluency, vocabulary, comprehension, and writing, complete with concrete examples and teaching scripts. Coverage also encompasses preschool literacy instruction and interventions for older readers, English language learners, and students with learning disabilities, as well as peer-mediated and tutoring approaches. An NCTQ Exemplary Text for Reading Instruction
Book Synopsis The Effects of Reading Mastery I and II on the Reading Achievement of First and Second Grade Students Identified as Having Low Phonological Awareness Skills by : Elizabeth D. Ocokoljich
Download or read book The Effects of Reading Mastery I and II on the Reading Achievement of First and Second Grade Students Identified as Having Low Phonological Awareness Skills written by Elizabeth D. Ocokoljich and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Student Choice on Delayed Reading Comprehension and Reading Fluency Across Three Reading Interventions by : Leigh Ann Amspaugh
Download or read book Effects of Student Choice on Delayed Reading Comprehension and Reading Fluency Across Three Reading Interventions written by Leigh Ann Amspaugh and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of student choice of three reading interventions, listening while reading, repeated reading, and repeated reading plus retell, on reading fluency and delayed reading comprehension with elementary students with reading difficulties. The researcher used a single-subject alternating treatment design with a return to baseline phase. The participants were four fourth grade students from a rural school district, who demonstrated below-grade level reading comprehension skills. Participants’ reading comprehension of expository text was measured through multiple-choice questions. Visual analysis and descriptive statistics were used to examine the effects of listening while reading, repeated reading, and repeated reading plus retell. Results indicate that reading comprehension and reading fluency improved across each of the three interventions with highest gains seen in the intervention the students preferred.
Book Synopsis Essentials of Assessing, Preventing, and Overcoming Reading Difficulties by : David A. Kilpatrick
Download or read book Essentials of Assessing, Preventing, and Overcoming Reading Difficulties written by David A. Kilpatrick and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-08-10 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical, effective, evidence-based reading interventions that change students' lives Essentials of Understanding and Assessing Reading Difficulties is a practical, accessible, in-depth guide to reading assessment and intervention. It provides a detailed discussion of the nature and causes of reading difficulties, which will help develop the knowledge and confidence needed to accurately assess why a student is struggling. Readers will learn a framework for organizing testing results from current assessment batteries such as the WJ-IV, KTEA-3, and CTOPP-2. Case studies illustrate each of the concepts covered. A thorough discussion is provided on the assessment of phonics skills, phonological awareness, word recognition, reading fluency, and reading comprehension. Formatted for easy reading as well as quick reference, the text includes bullet points, icons, callout boxes, and other design elements to call attention to important information. Although a substantial amount of research has shown that most reading difficulties can be prevented or corrected, standard reading remediation efforts have proven largely ineffective. School psychologists are routinely called upon to evaluate students with reading difficulties and to make recommendations to address such difficulties. This book provides an overview of the best assessment and intervention techniques, backed by the most current research findings. Bridge the gap between research and practice Accurately assess the reason(s) why a student struggles in reading Improve reading skills using the most highly effective evidence-based techniques Reading may well be the most important thing students are taught during their school careers. It is a skill they will use every day of their lives; one that will dictate, in part, later life success. Struggling students need help now, and Essentials of Understanding and Assessing Reading Difficulties shows how to get these students on track.
Book Synopsis Bringing Reading Research to Life by : Margaret G. McKeown
Download or read book Bringing Reading Research to Life written by Margaret G. McKeown and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2009-11-30 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together some of the world’s foremost literacy scholars to discuss how research influences what teachers actually do in the classroom. Chapters describe the current state of knowledge about such key topics as decoding, vocabulary, comprehension, digital literacies, reading disabilities, and reading reform. At the same time, the authors offer a unique “inside view” of their own research careers: key personal and professional influences, how their research agendas took shape, and what they see as the most important questions currently facing the field. The book honors the contributions of Isabel Beck, who has achieved tremendous success in translating research into widely used instructional practices.
Download or read book Measuring Up written by John Sabatini and published by R&L Education. This book was released on 2012-06-07 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, the science of reading acquisition has been advancing through interdisciplinary research in cognitive, psycholinguistic, developmental, genetic, neuroscience, cross-language, and experimental comparison studies of effective instruction. Some of the science of reading has emerged from the theory and research into the realm of practice and policy. Yet the science and practice of measuring “reading comprehension” has remained relatively immune to much of this foundational knowledge. Measuring Up questions the traditional format of reading comprehension tests, typically a single series of questions asked about a series of passages, and offers ideas and innovations we might expect in a next generation of 21st century reading assessments. Sabatini, Albro, and O'Reilly believe that in light of the move towards Common Core State Standards and assessments, as well as significant national investments in reading and literacy education, it is a critical and opportune time to bring together the research and measurement community to address fundamental issues of measuring reading comprehension, both in theory and in practice.
Book Synopsis Reading Comprehension Strategies by : Danielle S. McNamara
Download or read book Reading Comprehension Strategies written by Danielle S. McNamara and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2007-05-24 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 2007. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Book Synopsis Locating and Correcting Reading Difficulties by : Ward A. Cockrum
Download or read book Locating and Correcting Reading Difficulties written by Ward A. Cockrum and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reading diagnosis and intervention handbook contains the assessment resources and tools needed to document a child's strengths and areas of need and the instructional strategies to teach skills that are missing. Each chapter includes ready-to-use lesson ideas and assessments and each presents a definition of the reading skill covered, followed by a section on assessment, a section on teaching the skill, and a section on how the skill might impact English language learners.--
Download or read book Reading first impact study written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Instructional Effectiveness and Efficency of Three Instructional Approaches on Student Word Reading Performance by : Lindsay Michelle Nist
Download or read book The Instructional Effectiveness and Efficency of Three Instructional Approaches on Student Word Reading Performance written by Lindsay Michelle Nist and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Literacy is becoming more and more crucial for survival, however illiteracy rates are on the rise in the United States. Increasing evidence over the years has shown that America's school children are not mastering important reading skills. Once reading difficulties begin, they are difficult to overcome. The majority of children who have reading difficulties do not catch up with their peers, and the gap between good and poor readers widens over time. Teachers are becoming more and more concerned about identifying and implementing proper strategies for promoting the reading skills of children who struggle. Although many reading interventions are available, few have been carefully investigated with respect to treatment effectiveness and treatment efficiency. The current study examined the instructional effectiveness and efficiency of three word reading interventions on students' cumulative number of words read accurately and cumulative learning rate. Specifically, alternating treatments designs was used to compare the effects of interspersal drill and practice training (presenting one known word prior to every third unknown word for a ratio of 67% unknown to 33% known), an incremental rehearsal condition (the repeated interspersing of one unknown word throughout 9 known words), and a traditional drill and practice procedure (presenting only unknown words) on word reading mastery. This study also extended previous research findings of the positive outcomes of three interventions by examining the retention, maintenance, and generalization of words that were taught under the three instructional conditions. Social validity of the three instructional methods was also assessed. The results showed increased word acquisition for all six of the students who participated in the study. Specifically, incremental rehearsal was found to the most effective while traditional drill and practice was the most efficient in terms of increasing word reading performance. All six of the students demonstrated a preference for the traditional drill and practice approach. Social validity results indicated that all three instructional techniques are a socially valid way to teach word reading skills to students identified as having word reading difficulties.
Book Synopsis Correcting Reading Problems in the Classroom by : Carl Bernard Smith
Download or read book Correcting Reading Problems in the Classroom written by Carl Bernard Smith and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Three Instructional Conditions in Text Structure on Upper Elementary Students' Reading Comprehension and Writing Performance by : Sandra Jean Troyer
Download or read book The Effects of Three Instructional Conditions in Text Structure on Upper Elementary Students' Reading Comprehension and Writing Performance written by Sandra Jean Troyer and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Implementation of Reading Intervention on Students' Overall Comprehension by : Heather Brown Hersey
Download or read book The Effects of Implementation of Reading Intervention on Students' Overall Comprehension written by Heather Brown Hersey and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an extension of research on the effect of implementing intervention for students with reading difficulties (Kim et al., 2009; Lang et al. 2009; O'Connor et al., 2007; Rogevich et al., 2008; Vaughn et al., 2010), the present study examined the effectiveness of implementing intervention for students with reading difficulties on students' overall comprehension. The researcher hypothesized that consistently implementing reading intervention with fifth grade students with reading difficulties would improve the students' comprehension. Five fifth graders participated in this eight-week study. Interventions implemented throughout the study included explicit modeling of word recognition strategies, narrative story structure, and expository text structure. Data collection and analysis focused on the participants' ability to read and comprehend text through questions designed to test the students' comprehension. The results revealed that the implementation of intervention resulted in positive gains for students' overall comprehension. Finally, recommendations for further research were presented.
Book Synopsis The Prevention and Correction of Reading Difficulties by : Emmett Albert Betts
Download or read book The Prevention and Correction of Reading Difficulties written by Emmett Albert Betts and published by . This book was released on 1936 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Trends of Reading Growth for Students with Severe Reading Difficulties by : Dong-il Kim
Download or read book Trends of Reading Growth for Students with Severe Reading Difficulties written by Dong-il Kim and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
