The Migration Propensity Index An Application To Guatemala

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The migration propensity index: An application to Guatemala

Author : Ceballos, Francisco
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The migration propensity index: An application to Guatemala by : Ceballos, Francisco

Download or read book The migration propensity index: An application to Guatemala written by Ceballos, Francisco and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-07-22 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International migration has grown rapidly over the past two decades, at an annual rate of 2.4%, prompting increased interest in identifying the root causes of outmigration and the population groups more likely to emigrate. However, anticipating migration is a complex task, as the decision to migrate is often determined by multiple push and pull factors that are typically interrelated and are not always directly observable. This study proposes the Migration Propensity Index (MPI), a novel approach to indirectly estimate a household’s propensity or probability to emigrate. The central idea is to identify and keep track of a reduced set of household-level indicators that are strongly correlated with the (latent) decision of individuals to emigrate. Taken together and converted into an index, the combined indicators reflect the objective likelihood that one or more individuals from a given household will emigrate. The MPI is concise, easy to implement, and statistically rigorous, and avoids asking direct, sensitive questions about migration attempts or intentions, which are prone to refusals and underreporting. We calibrate the index to data for Guatemala, relying on an out-of-sample cross validation procedure using a panel dataset of 2,798 households living in what are considered “vulnerable” municipalities. The data were collected in 2012, 2013, and 2014. We discuss the index design and implementation, including concrete examples of its application. The resulting model includes 12 simple variables (and two location shifters) and correctly identifies 93% of eventual emigrating and non-emigrating households. The MPI can serve policymakers in getting better insights in drivers of migration, monitor present and expected migratory flows, and for targeting of economic and social policies.

The Migration Propensity Index

Author : Francisco Ceballos
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis The Migration Propensity Index by : Francisco Ceballos

Download or read book The Migration Propensity Index written by Francisco Ceballos and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Guatemala: The impact of COVID-19 and policy implications: Second report

Author : Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 47 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Guatemala: The impact of COVID-19 and policy implications: Second report by : Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio

Download or read book Guatemala: The impact of COVID-19 and policy implications: Second report written by Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-08-27 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amid concerns about the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, Guatemala, in January 2020 decreed travel bans from China, which were later expanded to other countries. The country had the first confirmed COVID-19 case on March 13 and the first death on March 15. Some days before that, on March 5, the government had declared a “state of calamity” (Declaración del Estado de Calamidad Pública - Decreto Gubernativo Número 5-2020), which allowed the government to limit some activities,1 and to take different actions2 to protect the health and safety of all persons in Guatemala. This document updates a previous report (Díaz Bonilla, Laborde and Piñeiro, 2021) on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food systems in Guatemala. First, it brings up to date the evolution of the pandemic, using different indicators. Second, it summarizes the main policy responses, costs, and financing. Third, it updates the evolution of key economic and nutritional variables up to the time of this writing (June, 2021). Fourth, there is a more detailed analysis of the evolution of some food value chains that are central for food consumption in Guatemala. Fifth, main results for 2021 and 2022 of previous modeling work are briefly presented. A final section discusses policy considerations in light of the updated analysis.

Climatic stresses and rural emigration in Guatemala

Author : Britos, Braulio
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 27 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Climatic stresses and rural emigration in Guatemala by : Britos, Braulio

Download or read book Climatic stresses and rural emigration in Guatemala written by Britos, Braulio and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-10-12 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International migration is a recurrent and growing phenomenon and a large share of emigrants originate from rural areas. This study examines the association between climatic stresses and rural emigration in Guatemala. We exploit variations on climatic stress situations and emigration flows at the subnational level and over time to examine whether the observed migration dynamics can be explained by the occurrence of specific adverse weather events. We find that drought periods affect emigration positively the following year, especially among men, while periods of high temperatures and low soil moisture affect male and female emigration negatively. The results are generally not much sensitive to alternative model specifications and estimations. The apparent mixed findings point to both direct effects where climatic stresses may encourage people to migrate in search of better opportunities, as well as indirect effects in the sense that climatic stresses affect agricultural productivity and household liquidity, which may prevent people from migrating despite their willingness to emigrate.

Guatemala: The impact of covid-19 and other shocks, and policy implications: Final report

Author : Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 117 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Guatemala: The impact of covid-19 and other shocks, and policy implications: Final report by : Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla

Download or read book Guatemala: The impact of covid-19 and other shocks, and policy implications: Final report written by Eugenio Diaz-Bonilla and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2022-09-02 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two previous reports (Díaz Bonilla, Laborde and Piñeiro, 2021, and Diaz-Bonilla, Flores, Paz, Piñeiro, and Zandstra, 2021) covered the evolution and impacts of the pandemic on food systems in Guatemala until the time of their writing (which together covered from the start of the pandemic in early 2020 until about October 2021. This third report concludes the analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food systems in Guatemala. It summarizes the previous reports and updates the analysis until the end of May 2022. However, this country and its food systems have also been affected by other events since the pandemic started in early 2020. Between 3 and 17 November 2020, tropical storms Eta and Iota hit Guatemalan territory with heavy rains that led to floods and mud landslides, affecting 16 of the country's 22 departments. Later, in 2021 the strong world economic rebound due to expansionary fiscal and monetary policies in the USA and many other developed and developing countries combined with persistent strains on value chains due to COVID19 to lead to increases in transportation costs and the prices of food, energy, and fertilizers. In the case of agricultural products, those increases were com-pounded by adverse climate events in some important producers, particularly in South America. Finally, the Russian-Ukraine Conflict (RUC) on February 24, 2022, has added further pressures on the prices of energy, fertilizers and food products including wheat and vegetable oils. Therefore, the pandemic's specific impact on Guatemala's food systems has been interacting with the other developments mentioned, making it very difficult to differentiate among them. Policymakers, how-ever, need to respond to the overall impact of the conditions affecting the population, whatever the leading causes may be. Therefore, this final report, while emphasizing those aspects linked to the pandemic, will discuss the conditions in Guatemala considering those other factors. This report is structured as follows. First, it summarizes the main policy responses, costs, and financing related to the COVID-19 shock. Second, it brings up to date the evolution of the pandemic, using different indicators. Third, it updates the evolution of key economic and nutritional variables. Fourth, there is a brief discussion of the implications of RUC for food systems.. Fifth, the report continues with a more specific analysis of the evolution of some food value chains that are central for food consumption in Guatemala. The next section discusses policy considerations for health, poverty and nutrition, and food value chains, based on the updated analysis of the previous sections, including cost and financial aspects. A final section concludes.

Global food policy report 2023: Rethinking food crisis responses

Author : International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Global food policy report 2023: Rethinking food crisis responses by : International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)

Download or read book Global food policy report 2023: Rethinking food crisis responses written by International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-04-13 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This decade has been marked by multiple, often overlapping, crises. The COVID-19 pandemic, natural disasters, and the ongoing war in Ukraine have all threatened the fabric of our global food systems. But opportunities can be found amid crises, and the world’s food systems have demonstrated surprising resilience. With new evidence on what works, now is the time to rethink how we address food crises. Better prediction, preparation, and resilience building can make future crises less common and less devastating, and improved responses can contribute to greater food security, better nutrition, and sustainable livelihoods.

Understanding characteristics, causes, and consequences of migration: Contributions from the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets

Download Understanding characteristics, causes, and consequences of migration: Contributions from the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets PDF Online Free

Author : CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions and Markets (PIM)
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding characteristics, causes, and consequences of migration: Contributions from the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets by : CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions and Markets (PIM)

Download or read book Understanding characteristics, causes, and consequences of migration: Contributions from the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets written by CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions and Markets (PIM) and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-10-01 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is estimated that nearly one in seven people — more than 1 billion in total — are classified as migrants in national statistics. Of these, about 763 million are estimated to be internal migrants; the remaining 281 million are international migrants (International Organization for Migration 2021). Migration is an intrinsic part of the development process, representing one of the greatest opportunities to facilitate economic and social advancement in developing countries. Understanding how different types of individuals and households perceive these opportunities and overcome related constraints, and how these change over time, is of key interest. At the same time, migration presents one of the world’s biggest challenges, requiring adjustments by both sending and hosting communities, and understanding those adjustments is a priority. The CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) has undertaken more than 40 studies designed to explore the causes and consequences of internal and international migration. In aggregate, the studies help us understand what motivates people to migrate and what factors impinge on their ability to do so. These studies focused on the relationship of migration with rural transformation, gender, youth, climate change, and social protection and cut across the whole PIM research portfolio. This brief synthesizes findings from this research in an attempt to present a more complete picture. While there is a vast literature on migration external to PIM and CGIAR, the results of the PIM investigations constitute valuable inputs into national policies and programs designed to foster economic and social development while maximizing the benefits and reducing the risks of migration.

Income aspirations, migration, and investments on and off the farm: Evidence from rural Tajikistan

Author : Bloem, Jeffrey R.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Income aspirations, migration, and investments on and off the farm: Evidence from rural Tajikistan by : Bloem, Jeffrey R.

Download or read book Income aspirations, migration, and investments on and off the farm: Evidence from rural Tajikistan written by Bloem, Jeffrey R. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2023-12-08 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In places with few casual or salaried employment opportunities, investments in farm or non-farm assets may offer the main pathway to increased incomes locally, whereas others may seek alternative investment options elsewhere—as migrants. What factors, then, explain these investment choices? One theory suggests that aspirations that are ahead, but not too far ahead, of current levels provide the best incentive for promoting investment. If this theory holds, then estimates of the relationship between the aspirations gap and investment choices should take the form of a non-monotonic inverted U-shape. We test for such a relationship between the income aspirations gap and investments in migration, farm assets, and non-farm assets using data from a household survey in rural Tajikistan. We find evidence of an inverted U-shaped relationship between the income aspirations gap and measures of migration, with the strongest relationship found with international migration. Strikingly, we do not observe any association between the income aspirations gap and measures of investment in farm or non-farm assets. Exploring heterogeneity, we find that these results can vary by household poverty status and by the respondent’s gender. Investigating a possible mechanism, we find that the relationship between the income aspirations gap and migration seems to be driven by remittances, which outweigh migration costs and increase household income.

Improving livelihoods and reducing outmigration from the Northern Triangle in Central America: The potential role of cash transfers in expanded social safety nets

Download Improving livelihoods and reducing outmigration from the Northern Triangle in Central America: The potential role of cash transfers in expanded social safety nets PDF Online Free

Author : Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Improving livelihoods and reducing outmigration from the Northern Triangle in Central America: The potential role of cash transfers in expanded social safety nets by : Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio

Download or read book Improving livelihoods and reducing outmigration from the Northern Triangle in Central America: The potential role of cash transfers in expanded social safety nets written by Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2022-05-18 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2019 almost 45 million immigrants lived in the United States, or about 13.7% of the total population, approaching the record high of 14.8% in 1890. Of that total, about 77% are lawful residents (either nat-uralized, permanent residents, or temporary residents), and the difference (about 23% or 11 million per-sons) are illegal immigrants. Both in the case of legal and illegal immigrants, the largest percentage is from Mexico (24% of the legal immigrants and somewhat less than 50% of the illegal ones, but those percentages have been declining since the mid-2000s). About 20% of the illegal immigration living in the US in 2017 came from Central America, principally El Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala (Ameri-can Immigration Council, 2021 and Passel and D’Vera Cohn, 2019). Overall, these three countries are the origin of about 3.3 million immigrants (legal and illegal) in the US in 2019 (Babich and Batalova, 2021).

World Migration Report 2020

Author : United Nations
Publisher : United Nations
ISBN 13 : 9290687894
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis World Migration Report 2020 by : United Nations

Download or read book World Migration Report 2020 written by United Nations and published by United Nations. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2000, IOM has been producing world migration reports. The World Migration Report 2020, the tenth in the world migration report series, has been produced to contribute to increased understanding of migration throughout the world. This new edition presents key data and information on migration as well as thematic chapters on highly topical migration issues, and is structured to focus on two key contributions for readers: Part I: key information on migration and migrants (including migration-related statistics); and Part II: balanced, evidence-based analysis of complex and emerging migration issues.

Population Index

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 944 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Population Index by :

Download or read book Population Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotated bibliography covering books, journal articles, working papers, and other material on topics in population and demography.

Migration and Poverty

Author : Edmundo Murrugarra
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821384374
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Migration and Poverty by : Edmundo Murrugarra

Download or read book Migration and Poverty written by Edmundo Murrugarra and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-11-24 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume uses recent research from the World Bank to document and analyze the bidirectional relationship between poverty and migration in developing countries. The case studies chapters compiled in this book (from Tanzania, Nepal, Albania and Nicaragua), as well as the last, policy-oriented chapter illustrate the diversity of migration experience and tackle the complicated nexus between migration and poverty reduction. Two main messages emerge: Although evidence indicates that migration reduces poverty, it also shows that migration opportunities of the poor differ from that of the rest. In general, the evidence suggests that the poor either migrate less or migrate to low return destinations. As a consequence, many developing countries are not maximizing the poverty-reducing potential of migration. The main reason behind this outcome is difficulties in access to remunerative migration opportunities and the high costs associated with migrating. It is shown, for example, that reducing migration costs makes migration more pro-poor. The volume shows that developing countries governments are not without means to improve this situation. Several of the country examples offer a few policy recommendations towards this end.

A Propensity to Self-subversion

Author : Albert O. Hirschman
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674715585
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (155 download)

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Book Synopsis A Propensity to Self-subversion by : Albert O. Hirschman

Download or read book A Propensity to Self-subversion written by Albert O. Hirschman and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the substantial essays that open this collection, Hirschman reappraises points he made in such books as Exit, Voice, and Loyalty, The Strategy of Economic Development, and the Rhetoric of Reaction. Subsequent essays fruitfully reexplore the themes of Latin American development and market society that have occupied him throughout his career. Hirschman also forays into new puzzles, such as the likely impact, negative or otherwise, of the Eastern European revolutions of 1989 on the Third World, the on-and-off connections between political and economic progress, and the role of conflict in enhancing community spirit in a liberal democracy.

International Migration, Economic Development & Policy

Author : Maurice Schiff
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821369364
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (693 download)

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Book Synopsis International Migration, Economic Development & Policy by : Maurice Schiff

Download or read book International Migration, Economic Development & Policy written by Maurice Schiff and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-06-26 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International migration has become acentral element of international relations and global integration due to its rapidly increasing economic, social, and cultural impact in both source and destination countries. This book provides new evidence on the impact of migration and remittances on several development indicators, including innovative thinking about thenexus between migration and birth rates. In addition, the book identifies the effect of host country policies on migration flows, examines the determinants of return and repeat migration, and explores the degree of success of return migrants upon return to their country of origin.

Global Economic Prospects 2006

Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 082136345X
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Economic Prospects 2006 by :

Download or read book Global Economic Prospects 2006 written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International migration, the movement of people across international boundaries to improve economic opportunity, has enormous implications for growth and welfare in both origin and destination countries. An important benefit to developing countries is the receipt of remittances or transfers from income earned by overseas emigrants. Official data show that development countries' remittance receipts totaled 160 billion in 2004, more than twice the size of official aid. This year's edition of Global Economic Prospects focuses on remittances and migration. The bulk of the book covers remittances.

Let Their People Come

Author : Lant Pritchett
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 1944691065
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (446 download)

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Book Synopsis Let Their People Come by : Lant Pritchett

Download or read book Let Their People Come written by Lant Pritchett and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2006-09-15 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Let Their People Come, Lant Pritchett discusses five "irresistible forces" of global labor migration, and the "immovable ideas" that form a political backlash against it. Increasing wage gaps, different demographic futures, "everything but labor" globalization, and the continued employment growth in low skilled, labor intensive industries all contribute to the forces compelling labor to migrate across national borders. Pritchett analyzes the fifth irresistible force of "ghosts and zombies," or the rapid and massive shifts in desired populations of countries, and says that this aspect has been neglected in the discussion of global labor mobility. Let Their People Come provides six policy recommendations for unskilled immigration policy that seek to reconcile the irresistible force of migration with the immovable ideas in rich countries that keep this force in check. In clear, accessible prose, this volume explores ways to regulate migration flows so that they are a benefit to both the global North and global South.

Remittances, Household Expenditure and Investment in Guatemala

Author : Richard H. Adams (Jr)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Remittances, Household Expenditure and Investment in Guatemala by : Richard H. Adams (Jr)

Download or read book Remittances, Household Expenditure and Investment in Guatemala written by Richard H. Adams (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper uses a nationally-representative household data set from Guatemala to analyze how the receipt of internal remittances (from Guatemala) and international remittances (from United States) affects the marginal spending behavior of households. Two findings emerge. First, controlling for selection and endogeneity, households receiving international remittances spend less at the margin on one key consumption good--food--compared to what they would have spent on this good without remittances. Second, households receiving either internal or international remittances spend more at the margin on two investment goods--education and housing--compared to what they would have spent on these goods without remittances. These findings support the growing view that remittances can help increase the level of investment in human and physical capital in remittance-receiving countries.