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The Microstructure And Properties Of Aluminum Lithium Alloys
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Book Synopsis Aluminum-Lithium Alloys by : N Eswara Prasad
Download or read book Aluminum-Lithium Alloys written by N Eswara Prasad and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-09-20 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because lithium is the least dense elemental metal, materials scientists and engineers have been working for decades to develop a commercially viable aluminum-lithium (Al-Li) alloy that would be even lighter and stiffer than other aluminum alloys. The first two generations of Al-Li alloys tended to suffer from several problems, including poor ductility and fracture toughness; unreliable properties, fatigue and fracture resistance; and unreliable corrosion resistance. Now, new third generation Al-Li alloys with significantly reduced lithium content and other improvements are promising a revival for Al-Li applications in modern aircraft and aerospace vehicles. Over the last few years, these newer Al-Li alloys have attracted increasing global interest for widespread applications in the aerospace industry largely because of soaring fuel costs and the development of a new generation of civil and military aircraft. This contributed book, featuring many of the top researchers in the field, is the first up-to-date international reference for Al-Li material research, alloy development, structural design and aerospace systems engineering. Provides a complete treatment of the new generation of low-density AL-Li alloys, including microstructure, mechanical behavoir, processing and applications Covers the history of earlier generation AL-Li alloys, their basic problems, why they were never widely used, and why the new third generation Al-Li alloys could eventually replace not only traditional aluminum alloys but more expensive composite materials Contains two full chapters devoted to applications in the aircraft and aerospace fields, where the lighter, stronger Al-Li alloys mean better performing, more fuel-efficient aircraft
Book Synopsis The Microstructure and Properties of Aluminum-Lithium Alloys by : Edgar A Starke (Jr)
Download or read book The Microstructure and Properties of Aluminum-Lithium Alloys written by Edgar A Starke (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advantages to be gained by weight reduction of aerospace structures have encouraged the aluminum industry to develop a family of aluminum alloys which contain lithium as one of the alloying elements. When alloyed with aluminum, lithium can reduce the density by approximately three percent and increase the elastic modulus by six percent for every weight percent added. A new series of aluminum alloys, typified by 2090, 2091, 8090, and 8091, have been developed and are currently being produced in commercial quantities. These alloys have densities between 7% and 10% lower than the conventional alloy 7075 with correspondingly higher stiffness. Although a combined set of specific properties of the (Aluminum-Lithium-X) alloys often exceeds those of the conventional aluminum materials used in aerospace, these properties seem to be much more sensitive to processing parameters. The strong processing-property relationship is associated with sharp crystallographic textures that are developed during primary processing and very complex precipitate microstructures whose distributions are sensitive to quench rates and degree of deformation prior to aging. This paper describes the processing-microstructure-property relationships of the new Al-Li-X alloys and focuses on strength, ductility, fracture toughness, fatigue and stress corrosion properties. Keywords: Symposia, Metallurgy, Microstructure, Alloys, Mechanical properties. (JG).
Book Synopsis Aluminum-Lithium Alloys by : K. Satya Prasad
Download or read book Aluminum-Lithium Alloys written by K. Satya Prasad and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-09-20 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter reviews the precipitation and precipitate phases that occur during heat treatments in multi-component Al-Li based alloys. It describes aspects related to nucleation, growth, morphology and orientation relationships of the strengthening precipitates δ’ and T1, the toughening precipitate S’ and the recrystallisation-inhibiting precipitate β’. Equilibrium precipitate phases such as T2, which are deleterious to the mechanical and corrosion properties of the alloys, are also described. It is shown that careful alloy chemistry control, two-step homogenization and controlled stretching prior to ageing can be employed to improve the volume fraction and distribution of the precipitate phases. All these processing aspects are necessary to achieve optimum combinations of properties for the alloys.
Book Synopsis Aluminum-Lithium Alloys by : G. Jagan Reddy
Download or read book Aluminum-Lithium Alloys written by G. Jagan Reddy and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-09-20 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanical working of Al–Li alloys is primarily concerned with aerospace alloy rolled products (sheet and plate), extrusions, and to a lesser extent forgings. These products are fabricated by hot working with intermittent and final heat treatments. This thermomechanical processing (TMP) can be rather complex for the modern 3rd generation Al-Li alloys, but is necessary to obtain optimum combinations of properties. This Chapter is in two parts. Part 1 discusses the ‘workability’ of metals and alloys and the hot deformation characteristics of Al–Li alloys, leading to the concept of Process Maps. A comprehensive Process Map for a binary Al–Li alloy illustrates the usefulness of these Maps for defining temperature–strain rate regions for safe and unsafe hot working, recrystallization and recovery, and superplastic behaviour Part 2 provides some general considerations about processing Al–Li alloy products, followed by a review and discussion of the currently available information for 3rd generation alloys. It is concluded that their complex TMP schedules may make it difficult to obtain optimum combinations of properties for thicker products.
Book Synopsis Aluminum-lithium Alloys by : Ramesh J. Kar
Download or read book Aluminum-lithium Alloys written by Ramesh J. Kar and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structure-Property Correlations in Al-Li Alloy Integrally Stiffened Extrusions by : Stephen J. Hales
Download or read book Structure-Property Correlations in Al-Li Alloy Integrally Stiffened Extrusions written by Stephen J. Hales and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aluminum-Lithium Alloys by : Olga Grushko
Download or read book Aluminum-Lithium Alloys written by Olga Grushko and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-11-18 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aluminum–Lithium Alloys: Process Metallurgy, Physical Metallurgy, and Welding provides theoretical foundations of the technological processes for melting, casting, forming, heat treatment, and welding of Al–Li alloys. It contains a critical survey of the research in the field and presents data on commercial Al–Li alloys, their phase composition, microstructure, and heat treatment of the ingots, sheets, forgings, and welds of Al–Li alloys. It details oxidation kinetics, protective alloying, hydrogen in Al–Li alloys, and crack susceptibility. It also discusses grain structure and solidification, as well as structural and mechanical properties. The book is illustrated with examples of Al–Li alloy applications in aircraft structures. Based on the vast experience of the coauthors, the book presents recommendations on solving practical problems involved with melting and casting ingots, welding of Al–Li alloys, and producing massive stampings for welded products. Provides comprehensive coverage of Al–Li alloys, not available in any single source. Presents research that is at the basis of the production technology for of ingots and products made of Al–Li alloys. Combines basic science with applied research, including upscaling and industrial implementation. Covers welding of Al–Li alloys in detail. Discusses gas and alkali-earth impurities in Al–Li alloys. Describes technological recommendations on casting and deformation of Al–Li alloys.
Book Synopsis Aluminum-Lithium Alloys by : K.V. Jata
Download or read book Aluminum-Lithium Alloys written by K.V. Jata and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-09-20 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter describes the development of crystallographic texture and its effects on mechanical properties in aluminum-lithium alloys. Crystallographic texture evolves during the forming of wrought products from cast ingots of Al-Li alloys and consequently affects the mechanical properties. Practical approaches to control the texture have been developed and have been successfully used in the products obtained from industrial-scale ingots. This texture tailoring has significantly reduced the yield strength anisotropy. In addition, theoretical approaches have been used to model the yield strength anisotropy of aluminum alloys in the presence of complex precipitates.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Processing on the Microstructure and Properties of Rapidly Solidified Low Density Aluminum Lithium Alloys by : Anne Perry Kellerman
Download or read book The Effects of Processing on the Microstructure and Properties of Rapidly Solidified Low Density Aluminum Lithium Alloys written by Anne Perry Kellerman and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aluminum-Lithium Alloys by : Olga Grushko
Download or read book Aluminum-Lithium Alloys written by Olga Grushko and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-11-18 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aluminum–Lithium Alloys: Process Metallurgy, Physical Metallurgy, and Welding provides theoretical foundations of the technological processes for melting, casting, forming, heat treatment, and welding of Al–Li alloys. It contains a critical survey of the research in the field and presents data on commercial Al–Li alloys, their phase composition, microstructure, and heat treatment of the ingots, sheets, forgings, and welds of Al–Li alloys. It details oxidation kinetics, protective alloying, hydrogen in Al–Li alloys, and crack susceptibility. It also discusses grain structure and solidification, as well as structural and mechanical properties. The book is illustrated with examples of Al–Li alloy applications in aircraft structures. Based on the vast experience of the coauthors, the book presents recommendations on solving practical problems involved with melting and casting ingots, welding of Al–Li alloys, and producing massive stampings for welded products. Provides comprehensive coverage of Al–Li alloys, not available in any single source. Presents research that is at the basis of the production technology for of ingots and products made of Al–Li alloys. Combines basic science with applied research, including upscaling and industrial implementation. Covers welding of Al–Li alloys in detail. Discusses gas and alkali-earth impurities in Al–Li alloys. Describes technological recommendations on casting and deformation of Al–Li alloys.
Book Synopsis Aluminum-Lithium Alloys by : T.S. Srivatsan
Download or read book Aluminum-Lithium Alloys written by T.S. Srivatsan and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-09-20 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of Al–Li alloys as potential light metal, for safe use in a spectrum of aircraft structures and related aerospace applications has in recent years engendered an unprecedented widespread interest aimed at studying, understanding and improving their mechanical properties. In this chapter, we present and discuss some of the key aspects relevant to aluminum-lithium alloys, spanning the specific domain of precipitation kinetics as influenced by composition and heat treatment, intrinsic microstructural features and their effects, the fundamental mechanisms contributing to strength, ductility, fracture toughness, and overall anisotropy in mechanical properties of these alloys. The tensile behavior of representative first generation, second generation and third generation aluminum-lithium alloys is also presented and briefly discussed. Microstructural influences on mechanical properties are examined with specific reference to matrix microstructural features, dislocation-microstructural feature interaction, and matrix slip characteristics.
Book Synopsis Microstructure and Properties of Powder-Processed Aluminum-Lithium Alloys by :
Download or read book Microstructure and Properties of Powder-Processed Aluminum-Lithium Alloys written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall objectives of this research program were to determine the source of brittleness in Al-Li alloys, determine ductility enhancement through slip homogenization effected by grain refinement and incoherent dispersoids, compare the properties of Al-Li alloys prepared from different types of rapidly solidified powders with the properties of cast Al-Li alloys and other commercial high-strength Al alloys, and identify and recommend for further development promising Al-Li alloy compositions for use in aircraft structures. The approach followed was that of rapid solidification and powder-processing, which result in significant microstructural refinement and make possible the processing of novel Al-Li alloy compositions not amenable to ingot-casting methods.
Book Synopsis Aluminum-Lithium Alloys by : Edgar A. Starke
Download or read book Aluminum-Lithium Alloys written by Edgar A. Starke and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-09-20 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter provides a brief overview and history of the development of aluminium-lithium alloys from the earlier days of the discovery of age hardening by Alfred Wilm to its current status. It examines the progress of alloy development from simple binary alloys to the complex alloys that are currently used in aerospace systems. The driving force for this development has been the advantages gained by weight reduction of aerospace systems by replacing conventional aluminium alloys with the lower density higher modulus aluminium-lithium alloys. The problems associated with the development of these alloys and the scientific solutions to solving these problems are described.
Book Synopsis Aluminum-Lithium Alloys for Aerospace Applications Workshop by : Biliyar N. Bhat
Download or read book Aluminum-Lithium Alloys for Aerospace Applications Workshop written by Biliyar N. Bhat and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aluminum-lithium Alloys by : T. H. Sanders
Download or read book Aluminum-lithium Alloys written by T. H. Sanders and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aluminum Alloys--Contemporary Research and Applications by : A. K. Vasudevan
Download or read book Aluminum Alloys--Contemporary Research and Applications written by A. K. Vasudevan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 727 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the structure and properties of the current and potential aluminum alloys in terms of their structure (and structural transformations by new processing methods) and the relationship between structure and mechanical and other properties. The alternative materials that challenge aluminum are considered as well, since the challenge of new competitive materials is a strong influence on innovation. The book bridges the gap between current scientific understanding and engineering practice. It is an up-to-date reference that will be of use to researchers and advanced students in metallurgy and materials engineering.
Book Synopsis Aluminum-Lithium Alloys by : G. Madhusudhan Reddy
Download or read book Aluminum-Lithium Alloys written by G. Madhusudhan Reddy and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-09-20 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The application of aluminium-lithium alloys over a wide range of engineering technologies will require development of both effective methods for joining these materials and through understanding of their welding metallurgy. This chapter covers the pertinent literature regarding the weld metal porosity, susceptibility to cracking during welding, eqiaxed zone formation and associated fusion boundary cracking, mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour of welds. Microstructural modification is especially attractive for alloys with pronounced hot cracking susceptibility. Aluminum–lithium alloys are one such class of materials. Since the hot cracking tendency is known to be a function of weld metal composition, several crack resistant filler materials such as AA 2319, AA 4043 and AA 5356 are in common use. While primary approach to the problem is thus to modify weld metal chemistry, a secondary solution is to reduce the coarseness of the solidification structure. Of the various techniques available for modifying the structure, pulsed current, magnetic arc oscillation techniques of gas tungsten arc welding and inoculation using grain refining additions offers the greatest promise for practical applications. Improving weldability of these alloys through modification of fusion zone microstructure are covered in this chapter. Lastly, solid state welding processes such as friction and friction stir welding of Al-Li alloys are briefly discussed.
