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Author : Frederick Z. Jaspersen
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book The Macroeconomic Underpinnings of Adjustment Lending written by Frederick Z. Jaspersen and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : P. Thandika Mkandawire
Publisher : IDRC
ISBN 13 : 155250204X
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (525 download)
Download or read book Our Continent, Our Future written by P. Thandika Mkandawire and published by IDRC. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our Continent, Our Future presents the emerging African perspective on this complex issue. The authors use as background their own extensive experience and a collection of 30 individual studies, 25 of which were from African economists, to summarize this African perspective and articulate a path for the future. They underscore the need to be sensitive to each country's unique history and current condition. They argue for a broader policy agenda and for a much more active role for the state within what is largely a market economy. Finally, they stress that Africa must, and can, compete in an increasingly globalized world and, perhaps most importantly, that Africans must assume the leading role in defining the continent's development agenda.
Author : Mr.James Daniel
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 9781589065130
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (651 download)
Download or read book Fiscal Adjustment for Stability and Growth written by Mr.James Daniel and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2006-08-17 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pamphlet (which updates the 1995 Guidelines for Fiscal Adjustment) presents the IMF’s approach to fiscal adjustment, and focuses on the role that sound government finances play in promoting macroeconomic stability and growth. Structured around five practical questions—when to adjust, how to assess the fiscal position, what makes for successful adjustment, how to carry out adjustment, and which institutions can help—it covers topics such as tax policies, debt sustainability, fiscal responsibility laws, and transparency.
Author : Mr.Michael Mussa
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451852746
Total Pages : 43 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)
Download or read book The IMF Approach to Economic Stabilization written by Mr.Michael Mussa and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1999-07-01 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper explains the IMF approach to economic stabilization. It argues that a Fund-supported program is a process, comprising six broadly defined phases, that evolves along a multiplicity of potential pathways. The paper discusses the three-pronged approach to stabilization at the core of all IMF-supported programs, stresses the iterative character of “financial programming,” and explains the rationale for setting quantitative performance criteria for fiscal and monetary policy in IMF-supported arrangements. A main theme is that IMF-supported programs contain a great deal of flexibility to respond both to differences in circumstances and to changes in conditions in individual cases.
Author : Andreas Jobst
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1475524471
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (755 download)
Download or read book Negative Interest Rate Policy (NIRP) written by Andreas Jobst and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-08-10 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than two years ago the European Central Bank (ECB) adopted a negative interest rate policy (NIRP) to achieve its price stability objective. Negative interest rates have so far supported easier financial conditions and contributed to a modest expansion in credit, demonstrating that the zero lower bound is less binding than previously thought. However, interest rate cuts also weigh on bank profitability. Substantial rate cuts may at some point outweigh the benefits from higher asset values and stronger aggregate demand. Further monetary accommodation may need to rely more on credit easing and an expansion of the ECB’s balance sheet rather than substantial additional reductions in the policy rate.
Author : Frederick Z. Jaspersen
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book The Macroeconomic Underpinnings of Adjustment Lending written by Frederick Z. Jaspersen and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Macroeconomic policy and sequencing issues increasingly have been addressed explicitly in the design of recent adjustment loans, but there still is scope for: (1) strengthening the analytical framework and macroeconomic policy conditionality in adjustment loans, and (2) greater realism about the time and external resources needed to achieve adjustment and growth objectives.
Author : World Bank
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780821345436
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (454 download)
Download or read book Global Development Finance 2000 written by World Bank and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past year, developing countries have started to recover from the 1997-99 global financial crisis. The elements underlying the recovery: strong industrial country growth, robust global trade, and firming commodity prices, should permit more 'self-financing' and more sustainable growth in developing countries than has been the case following previous crises. International capital market flows, however, remain selective and volatile. This publication provides a comprehensive look at external debt and financial flows to developing countries. Volume one examines these developments in detail and charts the prospects for private and public global development finance. It explores the special risks and benefits of short-term capital flows, reviews policy options for countries to safeguard against the volatility of private capital flows, and draws lessons from the past century's booms and busts in private flows to emerging markets. It also reviews debt-structuring agreements and privatisation transactions and contains summary data for country groups. Volume two provides statistical data for 137 countries reporting debt under the World Bank Debtor Reporting System. The country tables present a wealth of information about each country's external debt and cover major economic aggregates and key debt ratios. Data is also provided on debt service paid, average terms of new commitments, currency composition of long-term debt, debt restructuring, and scheduled debt service projections. To facilitate cross-country comparisons of key statistics, summary statistical tables are provided for regional and income groups. This publication is available on a Windows-based CD-ROM that contains all the time-series data from the World Bank Debtor Reporting System, allowing users to graph, map, and extract the data in many formats; as well as the contents of both volumes in searchable page format.
Author : Richard Bolt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Economic Analysis of Policy-based Operations written by Richard Bolt and published by . This book was released on 2004-04 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study provides a systematic approach to the key dimensions of analysis in support of policy-based operations. Concepts presented include understanding the macroeconomic context of sector policy reforms using a macro-meso-micro perspective, using dimensions of sector diagnosis to identify sequential binding constraints to development in a prevailing policy and institutional environment, and assessing the effects of policy change. Also included are examples of measuring the costs of policy change and lessons from incorporating policy change assessments into policy operation design.
Author : Mr.Bernard Laurens
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 9781557755629
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (556 download)
Download or read book Monetary and Exchange System Reforms in China written by Mr.Bernard Laurens and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1996-09-26 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1978, China embarked on a gradual but far-reaching reform of its economic system. This paper focuses on the achievements so far in reforming the financial sector, the legal framework for financial transactions, the payments system, and the monetary policy and foreign exchange system. It also analyzes the tasks ahead to achieve the goals set in these areas for the year 2000.
Author : Mr.Fabian Valencia
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1475513933
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (755 download)
Download or read book Aggregate Uncertainty and the Supply of Credit written by Mr.Fabian Valencia and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-12-02 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent studies show that uncertainty shocks have quantitatively important effects on the real economy. This paper examines one particular channel at work: the supply of credit. It presents a model in which a bank, even if managed by risk-neutral shareholders and subject to limited liability, can exhibit self-insurance, and thus loan supply contracts when uncertainty increases. This prediction is tested with the universe of U.S. commercial banks over the period 1984-2010. Identification of credit supply is achieved by looking at the differential response of banks according to their level of capitalization. Consistent with the theoretical predictions, increases in uncertainty reduce the supply of credit, more so for banks with lower levels of capitalization. These results are weaker for large banks, and are robust to controlling for the lending and capital channels of monetary policy, to different measures of uncertainty, and to breaking the dataset in subsamples. Quantitatively, uncertainty shocks are almost as important as monetary policy ones with regards to the effects on the supply of credit.
Author : Thomas A. Durkin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0195169921
Total Pages : 737 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (951 download)
Download or read book Consumer Credit and the American Economy written by Thomas A. Durkin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consumer Credit and the American Economy examines the economics, behavioral science, sociology, history, institutions, law, and regulation of consumer credit in the United States. After discussing the origins and various kinds of consumer credit available in today's marketplace, this book reviews at some length the long run growth of consumer credit to explore the widely held belief that somehow consumer credit has risen "too fast for too long." It then turns to demand and supply with chapters discussing neoclassical theories of demand, new behavioral economics, and evidence on production costs and why consumer credit might seem expensive compared to some other kinds of credit like government finance. This discussion includes review of the economics of risk management and funding sources, as well discussion of the economic theory of why some people might be limited in their credit search, the phenomenon of credit rationing. This examination includes review of issues of risk management through mathematical methods of borrower screening known as credit scoring and financial market sources of funding for offerings of consumer credit. The book then discusses technological change in credit granting. It examines how modern automated information systems called credit reporting agencies, or more popularly "credit bureaus," reduce the costs of information acquisition and permit greater credit availability at less cost. This discussion is followed by examination of the logical offspring of technology, the ubiquitous credit card that permits consumers access to both payments and credit services worldwide virtually instantly. After a chapter on institutions that have arisen to supply credit to individuals for whom mainstream credit is often unavailable, including "payday loans" and other small dollar sources of loans, discussion turns to legal structure and the regulation of consumer credit. There are separate chapters on the theories behind the two main thrusts of federal regulation to this point, fairness for all and financial disclosure. Following these chapters, there is another on state regulation that has long focused on marketplace access and pricing. Before a final concluding chapter, another chapter focuses on two noncredit marketplace products that are closely related to credit. The first of them, debt protection including credit insurance and other forms of credit protection, is economically a complement. The second product, consumer leasing, is a substitute for credit use in many situations, especially involving acquisition of automobiles. This chapter is followed by a full review of consumer bankruptcy, what happens in the worst of cases when consumers find themselves unable to repay their loans. Because of the importance of consumer credit in consumers' financial affairs, the intended audience includes anyone interested in these issues, not only specialists who spend much of their time focused on them. For this reason, the authors have carefully avoided academic jargon and the mathematics that is the modern language of economics. It also examines the psychological, sociological, historical, and especially legal traditions that go into fully understanding what has led to the demand for consumer credit and to what the markets and institutions that provide these products have become today.
Author : Vittorio Corbo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Growth-oriented Adjustment Programs written by Vittorio Corbo and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents the proceeding of a symposium on growth-oriented adjustment programs that was organized jointly by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank and held in Washington on February 25-27, 1987. The purpose of this symposium was to review the design of, and scrutinize the economic rationale behind adjustment programs supported by the Bank and the Fund, and to examine how best to help developing countries achieve balance of payments stability with sustainable economic growth. The report includes opening remarks from then Bank President, Barber Conable and Fund Managing Director, Michel Camdessus, as well as written proceedings from all sessions presented. Session topics included: World Bank programs for Adjustment and Growth; Adjustment and Economic Growth - their fundamental complementarity; Economic Stabilization and Structural Adjustment - the case of Turkey; Economic Growth and Economic Policy; Adjustment in Latin America, 1981-86; Outward Orientation - trade issues; Trade and Exchange Rate Policies in Growth-Oriented Adjustment Programs; Agricultural Structural Policies; Growth-Oriented Adjustment Programs - fiscal policy issues; The Role of External Private Capital Flows; Official Financing and Growth-Oriented Structural Adjustment; and a Round Table Discussion.
Author : Ms.Ana Corbacho
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513558900
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book The ASEAN Way written by Ms.Ana Corbacho and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-10-02 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first part of the book examines the evolution of monetary policy and prudential frameworks of the ASEAN5, with particular focus on changes since the Asian financial crisis and the more recent period of unconventional monetary policy in advanced economies. The second part of the book looks at policy responses to global financial spillovers. The third and last part of the book elaborates on the challenges ahead for monetary policy, financial stability frameworks, and the deepening of financial markets.
Author : Mr.Jaromir Benes
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1475524986
Total Pages : 59 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (755 download)
Download or read book Financial Crises in DSGE Models written by Mr.Jaromir Benes and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-04-04 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents the theoretical structure of MAPMOD, a new IMF model designed to study vulnerabilities associated with excessive credit expansions, and to support macroprudential policy analysis. In MAPMOD, bank loans create purchasing power that facilitates adjustments in the real economy. But excessively large and risky loans can impair balance sheets and sow the seeds of a financial crisis. Banks respond to losses through higher spreads and rapid credit cutbacks, with adverse effects for the real economy. These features allow the model to capture the basic facts of financial cycles. A companion paper studies the simulation properties of MAPMOD.
Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451830548
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)
Download or read book Pakistan written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2004-07-21 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper assesses Pakistan’s Eighth Review Under the Three-Year Arrangement Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) and Request for Waivers and Modification of Performance Criteria (PCs). Implementation of the PRGF program in Pakistan remains broadly on track. All quantitative performance criteria for end-December 2003 were met, and it seems that most indicative targets for end-March 2004 were also met. Structural reforms are advancing, albeit only slowly in the energy sector. Four structural performance criteria were breached, but the slippages were minor and mainly reflected timing issues.
Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498344062
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)
Download or read book Evolving Monetary Policy Frameworks in Low-Income and Other Developing Countries written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-10-23 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, many low- and lower-middle income countries (LLMICs) have improved control over fiscal policy, liberalized and deepened financial markets, and stabilized inflation at moderate levels. Monetary policy frameworks that have helped achieve these ends are being challenged by continued financial development and increased exposure to global capital markets. Many policymakers aspire to move beyond the basics of stability to implement monetary policy frameworks that better anchor inflation and promote macroeconomic stability and growth. Many of these LLMICs are thus considering and implementing improvements to their monetary policy frameworks. The recent successes of some LLMICs and the experiences of emerging and advanced economies, both early in their policy modernization process and following the global financial crisis, are valuable in identifying desirable features of such frameworks. This paper draws on those lessons to provide guidance on key elements of effective monetary policy frameworks for LLMICs.
Author : Ronald MacDonald
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461513855
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)
Download or read book Central Europe towards Monetary Union: Macroeconomic Underpinnings and Financial Reputation written by Ronald MacDonald and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A key objective of the Central European Economies (CEE) on their transition path from planned to more market-oriented economies has been membership of the European Union (EU). The start of Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) in 1999 has added membership of the EMU to the agenda for the CEEs. The task of the so-called Visègrad countries (the Czech and Slovak Republics, Hungary and Poland) of preparing for EU and EMU membership is the key theme underlying the papers contained in this volume. There are many issues to be resolved before the Visègrad countries are admitted into the EU, and this volume focuses on the issues relating to macroeconomic policies and financial sector structures. The chapters of Central Europe Towards Monetary Union: Macroeconomic Underpinnings and Financial Reputation contain new theoretical and empirical results and also comprehensive institutional overviews. The intended readership of the book is policy makers and economists working in the academic and financial sectors.
