The Logic Of Reliable Inquiry

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The Logic of Reliable Inquiry

Author : Kevin T. Kelly
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195357876
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis The Logic of Reliable Inquiry by : Kevin T. Kelly

Download or read book The Logic of Reliable Inquiry written by Kevin T. Kelly and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1996-01-04 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many proposed aims for scientific inquiry--to explain or predict events, to confirm or falsify hypotheses, or to find hypotheses that cohere with our other beliefs in some logical or probabilistic sense. This book is devoted to a different proposal--that the logical structure of the scientist's method should guarantee eventual arrival at the truth given the scientist's background assumptions. Interest in this methodological property, called "logical reliability," stems from formal learning theory, which draws its insights not from the theory of probability, but from the theory of computability. Kelly first offers an accessible explanation of formal learning theory, then goes on to develop and explore a systematic framework in which various standard learning theoretic results can be seen as special cases of simpler and more general considerations. This approach answers such important questions as whether there are computable methods more reliable than Bayesian updating or Popper's method of conjectures and refutations. Finally, Kelly clarifies the relationship between the resulting framework and other standard issues in the philosophy of science, such as probability, causation, and relativism. His work is a major contribution to the literature and will be essential reading for scientists, logicians, and philosophers

The Logic of Reliable Inquiry

Author : Kevin T Kelly
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780195091960
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (919 download)

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Book Synopsis The Logic of Reliable Inquiry by : Kevin T Kelly

Download or read book The Logic of Reliable Inquiry written by Kevin T Kelly and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many proposed aims for scientific inquiry--to explain or predict events, to confirm or falsify hypotheses, or to find hypotheses that cohere with our other beliefs in some logical or probabilistic sense. This book is devoted to a different proposal--that the logical structure of the scientist's method should guarantee eventual arrival at the truth given the scientist's background assumptions. Interest in this methodological property, called logical reliability, stems from formal learning theory, which draws its insights not from the theory of probability, but from the theory of computability. Kelly first offers an accessible explanation of formal learning theory, then goes on to develop and explore a systematic framework in which various standard learning theoretic results can be seen as special cases of simpler and more general considerations. This approach answers such important questions as whether there are computable methods more reliable than Bayesian updating or Popper's method of conjectures and refutations. Finally, Kelly clarifies the relationship between the resulting framework and other standard issues in the philosophy of science, such as probability, causation, and relativism. His work is a major contribution to the literature and will be essential reading for scientists, logicians, and philosophers

The Logic of Reliable Inquiry

Author : Kevin Thomas Kelly
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780197730799
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis The Logic of Reliable Inquiry by : Kevin Thomas Kelly

Download or read book The Logic of Reliable Inquiry written by Kevin Thomas Kelly and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This illustrated work searches for the answers to such questions as whether standard methodological recommendations help or hinder the reliability of inquiry. It uses techniques and concepts drawn from formal learning theory, topology and the theory of computability.

The Logic of Reliable Inquiry

Author : Kevin T. Kelly
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0195091957
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis The Logic of Reliable Inquiry by : Kevin T. Kelly

Download or read book The Logic of Reliable Inquiry written by Kevin T. Kelly and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 1996-01-04 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This illustrated work searches for the answers to such questions as whether standard methodological recommendations help or hinder the reliability of inquiry. It uses techniques and concepts drawn from formal learning theory, topology and the theory of computability.

Reliable Reasoning

Author : Gilbert Harman
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262263157
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis Reliable Reasoning by : Gilbert Harman

Download or read book Reliable Reasoning written by Gilbert Harman and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012-01-13 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The implications for philosophy and cognitive science of developments in statistical learning theory. In Reliable Reasoning, Gilbert Harman and Sanjeev Kulkarni—a philosopher and an engineer—argue that philosophy and cognitive science can benefit from statistical learning theory (SLT), the theory that lies behind recent advances in machine learning. The philosophical problem of induction, for example, is in part about the reliability of inductive reasoning, where the reliability of a method is measured by its statistically expected percentage of errors—a central topic in SLT. After discussing philosophical attempts to evade the problem of induction, Harman and Kulkarni provide an admirably clear account of the basic framework of SLT and its implications for inductive reasoning. They explain the Vapnik-Chervonenkis (VC) dimension of a set of hypotheses and distinguish two kinds of inductive reasoning. The authors discuss various topics in machine learning, including nearest-neighbor methods, neural networks, and support vector machines. Finally, they describe transductive reasoning and suggest possible new models of human reasoning suggested by developments in SLT.

Logic and Scientific Methods

Author : Maria Luisa Dalla Chiara
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401704872
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Logic and Scientific Methods by : Maria Luisa Dalla Chiara

Download or read book Logic and Scientific Methods written by Maria Luisa Dalla Chiara and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first of two volumes comprising the papers submitted for publication by the invited participants to the Tenth International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, held in Florence, August 1995. The Congress was held under the auspices of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science, Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science. The invited lectures published in the two volumes demonstrate much of what goes on in the fields of the Congress and give the state of the art of current research. The two volumes cover the traditional subdisciplines of mathematical logic and philosophical logic, as well as their interfaces with computer science, linguistics and philosophy. Philosophy of science is broadly represented, too, including general issues of natural sciences, social sciences and humanities. The papers in Volume One are concerned with logic, mathematical logic, the philosophy of logic and mathematics, and computer science.

Philosophical Dimensions of Logic and Science

Author : Artur Rojszczak
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401726124
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophical Dimensions of Logic and Science by : Artur Rojszczak

Download or read book Philosophical Dimensions of Logic and Science written by Artur Rojszczak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a collection of outstanding contributed papers presented at the 11th International Congress of Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science (Kraków, 1999). The articles address current issues in logic, metamathematics, philosophy of language, philosophy of science, and cognitive science, as well as philosophical problems of biology, chemistry and physics. The volume will be of interest to philosophers, logicians and scientists interested in foundational problems.

Inductive Logic

Author : Dov M. Gabbay
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080931693
Total Pages : 801 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Inductive Logic by : Dov M. Gabbay

Download or read book Inductive Logic written by Dov M. Gabbay and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-05-27 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inductive Logic is number ten in the 11-volume Handbook of the History of Logic. While there are many examples were a science split from philosophy and became autonomous (such as physics with Newton and biology with Darwin), and while there are, perhaps, topics that are of exclusively philosophical interest, inductive logic — as this handbook attests — is a research field where philosophers and scientists fruitfully and constructively interact. This handbook covers the rich history of scientific turning points in Inductive Logic, including probability theory and decision theory. Written by leading researchers in the field, both this volume and the Handbook as a whole are definitive reference tools for senior undergraduates, graduate students and researchers in the history of logic, the history of philosophy, and any discipline, such as mathematics, computer science, cognitive psychology, and artificial intelligence, for whom the historical background of his or her work is a salient consideration. - Chapter on the Port Royal contributions to probability theory and decision theory - Serves as a singular contribution to the intellectual history of the 20th century - Contains the latest scholarly discoveries and interpretative insights

Danish Yearbook of Philosophy 34

Author :
Publisher : Museum Tusculanum Press
ISBN 13 : 9788772896434
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (964 download)

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Book Synopsis Danish Yearbook of Philosophy 34 by :

Download or read book Danish Yearbook of Philosophy 34 written by and published by Museum Tusculanum Press. This book was released on 2020 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Readings in Formal Epistemology

Author : Horacio Arló-Costa
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319204513
Total Pages : 930 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Readings in Formal Epistemology by : Horacio Arló-Costa

Download or read book Readings in Formal Epistemology written by Horacio Arló-Costa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-07 with total page 930 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents 38 classic texts in formal epistemology, and strengthens the ties between research into this area of philosophy and its neighbouring intellectual disciplines. The editors provide introductions to five subsections: Bayesian Epistemology, Belief Change, Decision Theory, Interactive Epistemology and Epistemic Logic. 'Formal epistemology' is a term coined in the late 1990s for a new constellation of interests in philosophy, the origins of which are found in earlier works of epistemologists, philosophers of science and logicians. It addresses a growing agenda of problems concerning knowledge, belief, certainty, rationality, deliberation, decision, strategy, action and agent interaction – and it does so using methods from logic, probability, computability, decision and game theory. The volume also includes a thorough index and suggestions for further reading, and thus offers a complete teaching and research package for students as well as research scholars of formal epistemology, philosophy, logic, computer science, theoretical economics and cognitive psychology.

Handbook of Epistemology

Author : I. Niiniluoto
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402019866
Total Pages : 1043 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Epistemology by : I. Niiniluoto

Download or read book Handbook of Epistemology written by I. Niiniluoto and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-03-31 with total page 1043 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epistemology or theory of knowledge has always been one of the most important -if not the most important -field of philosophy. New arguments are constantly brought to bear on old views, new variants are marshalled to revive ancient stands, new concepts and distinctions increase the sophistication of epistemogical theories. There are a great many excellent textbooks, monographs as well as anthologies consisting of articles in epistemology. Similarly, there are useful philosophical dictionaries which contain a great number of relatively short entries, and general philosophical handbooks which also touch epistemological issues. This volume of 27 essays grew out from the interest to see a handbook which is devoted entirely to the historical roots and systematic development of theory of knowledge. It is not intended to compete but to supplement the already existing literature. It aims at giving both beginners and more advanced students as well as professionals in epistemology and other areas of philosophy an overview of the central problems and solutions of epistemology. The essays are self-contained and stil often rather extensive discussions of the chosen aspects of knowledge. The contributions presuppose very little familiarity with previous literature and only a few of them require the mastery of even elementary logical notation. This, we hope, makes the volume also accessible to the philosophically interested wider audience. The contributors were asked to provide substantial, up-to-date, self-contained and balanced surveys of the various subareas and more specific topics of epistemology, with reference to literature.

Philosophy of Information

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080930840
Total Pages : 823 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy of Information by :

Download or read book Philosophy of Information written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-11-10 with total page 823 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information is a recognized fundamental notion across the sciences and humanities, which is crucial to understanding physical computation, communication, and human cognition. The Philosophy of Information brings together the most important perspectives on information. It includes major technical approaches, while also setting out the historical backgrounds of information as well as its contemporary role in many academic fields. Also, special unifying topics are high-lighted that play across many fields, while we also aim at identifying relevant themes for philosophical reflection. There is no established area yet of Philosophy of Information, and this Handbook can help shape one, making sure it is well grounded in scientific expertise. As a side benefit, a book like this can facilitate contacts and collaboration among diverse academic milieus sharing a common interest in information.• First overview of the formal and technical issues involved in the philosophy of information• Integrated presentation of major mathematical approaches to information, form computer science, information theory, and logic• Interdisciplinary themes across the traditional boundaries of natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities.

Model-Based Reasoning in Scientific Discovery

Author : L. Magnani
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461548136
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Model-Based Reasoning in Scientific Discovery by : L. Magnani

Download or read book Model-Based Reasoning in Scientific Discovery written by L. Magnani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume is based on the papers that were presented at the Interna tional Conference Model-Based Reasoning in Scientific Discovery (MBR'98), held at the Collegio Ghislieri, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, in December 1998. The papers explore how scientific thinking uses models and explanatory reasoning to produce creative changes in theories and concepts. The study of diagnostic, visual, spatial, analogical, and temporal rea soning has demonstrated that there are many ways of performing intelligent and creative reasoning that cannot be described with the help only of tradi tional notions of reasoning such as classical logic. Traditional accounts of scientific reasoning have restricted the notion of reasoning primarily to de ductive and inductive arguments. Understanding the contribution of model ing practices to discovery and conceptual change in science requires ex panding scientific reasoning to include complex forms of creative reasoning that are not always successful and can lead to incorrect solutions. The study of these heuristic ways of reasoning is situated at the crossroads of philoso phy, artificial intelligence, cognitive psychology, and logic; that is, at the heart of cognitive science. There are several key ingredients common to the various forms of model based reasoning to be considered in this book. The models are intended as in terpretations of target physical systems, processes, phenomena, or situations. The models are retrieved or constructed on the basis of potentially satisfying salient constraints of the target domain.

The Convergence of Scientific Knowledge

Author : Vincent F. Hendricks
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940159676X
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis The Convergence of Scientific Knowledge by : Vincent F. Hendricks

Download or read book The Convergence of Scientific Knowledge written by Vincent F. Hendricks and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is this, this ain't something else, this is this -Robert De Niro, Deerhunter his book may to some extent be viewed as the continuation of my T Doctoral thesis Epistemology, Methodology and Reliability. The dissertation was, first of all, a methodological study of the reliable performance of the AGM-axioms (Alchourr6n, Gardenfors and Makin son) of belief revision. Second of all the dissertation included the first steps toward an epistemology for the limiting convergence of knowledge for scientific inquiry methods of both discovery and assessment. The idea of methodological reliability as a desirable property of a scientific method was introduced to me while I was a visiting Ph. D. -student at the Department of Philosophy, Carnegie Mellon University in Pitts burgh, Pennsylvania, USA in 1995-96. Here I became acquainted with formal learning theory. Learning theory provides a variety of formal tools for investigating a number of important issues within epistemology, methodology and the philosophy of science. Especially with respect to the problem of induc tion, but not exclusively. The Convergence of Scientific Knowledge-a view from the limit utilizes a few concepts from formal learning theory to study problems in modal logic and epistemology. It should be duely noted that this book has virtually nothing to do with formal learning theory or inductive learning problems.

Quantifiers, Questions and Quantum Physics

Author : Daniel Kolak
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402032110
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantifiers, Questions and Quantum Physics by : Daniel Kolak

Download or read book Quantifiers, Questions and Quantum Physics written by Daniel Kolak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-10 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jaakko Hintikka is one of the most creative figures in contemporary philosophy. He has made significant contributions to virtually all areas of the discipline, from epistemology and the philosophy of logic to the history of philosophy and the philosophy of science. Part of the fruitfulness of Hintikka’s work is due to its opening important new lines of investigation and new approaches to traditional philosophical problems. This volume gathers together essays from some of Hintikka’s colleagues and former students exploring his influence on their work and pursuing some of the insights that we have found in his work. This book includes a comprehensive overview of Hintikka’s philosophy by Dan Kolak and John Symons and an annotated bibliography of Hintikka’s work.

Johan van Benthem on Logic and Information Dynamics

Author : Alexandru Baltag
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319060252
Total Pages : 1072 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Johan van Benthem on Logic and Information Dynamics by : Alexandru Baltag

Download or read book Johan van Benthem on Logic and Information Dynamics written by Alexandru Baltag and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-27 with total page 1072 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates the program of Logical-Informational Dynamics. Rational agents exploit the information available in the world in delicate ways, adopt a wide range of epistemic attitudes, and in that process, constantly change the world itself. Logical-Informational Dynamics is about logical systems putting such activities at center stage, focusing on the events by which we acquire information and change attitudes. Its contributions show many current logics of information and change at work, often in multi-agent settings where social behavior is essential, and often stressing Johan van Benthem's pioneering work in establishing this program. However, this is not a Festschrift, but a rich tapestry for a field with a wealth of strands of its own. The reader will see the state of the art in such topics as information update, belief change, preference, learning over time, and strategic interaction in games. Moreover, no tight boundary has been enforced, and some chapters add more general mathematical or philosophical foundations or links to current trends in computer science. The theme of this book lies at the interface of many disciplines. Logic is the main methodology, but the various chapters cross easily between mathematics, computer science, philosophy, linguistics, cognitive and social sciences, while also ranging from pure theory to empirical work. Accordingly, the authors of this book represent a wide variety of original thinkers from different research communities. And their interconnected themes challenge at the same time how we think of logic, philosophy and computation. Thus, very much in line with van Benthem's work over many decades, the volume shows how all these disciplines form a natural unity in the perspective of dynamic logicians (broadly conceived) exploring their new themes today. And at the same time, in doing so, it offers a broader conception of logic with a certain grandeur, moving its horizons beyond the traditional study of consequence relations.

Logic Programming

Author : Peter J. Stuckey
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540439307
Total Pages : 499 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Logic Programming by : Peter J. Stuckey

Download or read book Logic Programming written by Peter J. Stuckey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-07-17 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global environment is changing rapidly under the impact of human activities. An important element in this change is related to global climate modification. Experts from the natural and social sciences with a strong interest in history discussed common topics of great interest to society. Can the study of climate and history help in devising strategies for coping with this change? What might be the type of information most useful in this context? What are the pitfalls awaiting the unwary? These and similar questions were discussed during a four-day workshop. The resulting proceedings contain comprehensive papers of broad interest, thematic back-ground papers and reports of study groups. Apart from scientists, the papers should interest graduate students and lecturers.