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The Law Of Letters Of Credit
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Book Synopsis The Law of Letters of Credit by : John F. Dolan
Download or read book The Law of Letters of Credit written by John F. Dolan and published by Warren Gorham & Lamont. This book was released on 1991 with total page 1048 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This treatise addresses all standby and commercial letter of credit problems and provides guidance through the case law under UCC Article 5. Establishing, amending, and terminating the letter of credit is discussed in detail.
Download or read book Letters of Credit written by Walter Tracy and published by David R. Godine Publisher. This book was released on 2003 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revolution in typesetting - a revolution that over the past two decades has eliminated a five-hundred-year-old system of hot metal production and replaced it with one of photo-generated and computer-driven composition - shows no sign of winding down. This book, more than any other we know, traces the steps that went into that revolution and simultaneously makes the argument that the letter forms themselves are in process of evolution. Tracy argues that, whether they are of the sixteenth or the twentieth century, the forms that comprise our alphabet are subject to the same rules of good taste, proportion, and clarity that have always obtained. But what we face today is vastly different from fifty years ago. For the first time, new technology has made the proliferation (and, as some would maintain, debasement) of letter forms fast and easy (or quick and dirty.) With fifty years of professional experience on both sides of the Atlantic (including thirty years as head of type design for the British Linotype Company), Tracy is in a unique position to make this argument and arrive at his sad conclusion: the design of distinguished, contemporary typefaces is far outnumbered by the mediocre and downright bad. Part of the reason for this deplorable deterioration is a lack of critical analysis of the particular esthetics involved. This step-by-step examination of type-design esthetics is precisely what Tracy provides here, while avoiding both the promoter's hype and the manufacturer's claims. Here are the gut issues of what makes type good or bad, legible or unreadable. Extensively illustrated with both typefaces and line drawings, this book belongs on the shelf of anyone interested in thehistory of letters or in the artistry and peculiar problems that lie behind their production.
Book Synopsis The Law of Documentary Letters of Credit in Comparative Perspective by : A. N. Oelofse
Download or read book The Law of Documentary Letters of Credit in Comparative Perspective written by A. N. Oelofse and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Law and Practice of Documentary Letters of Credit by : Peter Ellinger
Download or read book The Law and Practice of Documentary Letters of Credit written by Peter Ellinger and published by Hart Publishing. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Letters of credit have retained their role as an instrumentality for the financing of foreign trade. An understanding of the law and practice in point is imperative for lawyers advising business people and bank clients, as well as for the banking and trading communities. The book examines the topic on the basis of the common law system, primarily UK law, and adopts an approach that is analytical and not merely descriptive. Letter of credit transactions are, by their nature, international and most nations have adopted the Uniform Customs and Practices ("UCP") originally promulgated by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) in 1933 and updated from time to time. Today, the UCP constitutes a code of internationally accepted rules governing letter of credit transactions. The authors have therefore selectively incorporated some comparative discussion, for instance, of the position in the USA and Europe. The book will be an essential work of reference for commercial lawyers in all the major financial centres of Europe, America and Asia.
Book Synopsis Letters of Credit and Demand Guarantees: Defences to Payment by : Deborah Horowitz
Download or read book Letters of Credit and Demand Guarantees: Defences to Payment written by Deborah Horowitz and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-06-10 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first to provide an extensive analysis of the range of defences to payment under letters of credit and demand guarantees. It considers the extent to which different defences undermine the abstraction of these instruments. This is a fundamental issue, since letters of credit and demand guarantees are designed to be abstract, or autonomous, from the underlying contract that called for their use. The purpose of that abstraction is to provide certainty of payment, but the various defences diminish that certainty. The book examines the spectrum of defences that are frequently litigated and debated in international practice: fraud in the documents, nullity, fraud affecting deferred payment letters of credit, fraud as no honest belief, unconscionable conduct and illegality. Vitally, the book provides analysis of the relevant judicial decisions and offers clear practical guidance on which defences are most suitable for each instrument. As the instruments are heavily used in international trade, this work is particularly suited to financial and commercial law practitioners who draft agreements, as well as those who advise on disputes concerning these instruments. Accessible and engaging, the book is also relevant for academics and students.
Book Synopsis The Law of Letters of Credit by : John F. Dolan
Download or read book The Law of Letters of Credit written by John F. Dolan and published by . This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This treatise addresses all standby and commercial letter of credit problems and provides guidance through the case law under UCC Article 5. Establishing, amending, and terminating the letter of credit is discussed in detail.
Book Synopsis The Law of Letters of Credit by : John Dolan
Download or read book The Law of Letters of Credit written by John Dolan and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Law of Letters of Credit - Commercial and Standby Credits is the fourth edition of a traditional treatise on a rather narrow legal subject. Letters of credit fall into two categories: (1) commercials, which find use in international sales; and (2) standbys that are a common device in many domestic transactions. As international trade becomes more and more rationalized, the use of commercials has diminished; but the use of the standby has enjoyed something of a boom, for it accomplishes much that security interests, suretyship arrangements, and other credit enhancing devices accomplish and does it with significantly lower transaction costs. Regrettably, the parties using letters of credit often are unaware of the credit's legal significance. This treatise covers the legal features of the commercial and the standby, all in a global context. While it is codified to some extent in the Uniform Commercial Code, the law of letters of credit is largely the law merchant, the ius gentium; and the UCC defers in many respects to international rules. Thus, the treatise deals with those international rules and cites cases from virtually all of the common-law jurisdictions in an effort to provide complete coverage of the field.
Book Synopsis Letters of Credit and Bank Guarantees Under International Trade Law by : Matti Kurkela
Download or read book Letters of Credit and Bank Guarantees Under International Trade Law written by Matti Kurkela and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Letters of credit and bank guarantees are the most important financial instruments in international exchange. Matti S. Kurkela, a leading expert in the field, presents an advanced, extensive study and guide to letters of credit. The author analyzes the material rules and principles applicable to them; conflict of laws as well as law merchant applied regardless of place of operation or nationality of the parties involved. Letters of Credit and Bank Guarantees under International Trade Law is the only true guide whose focus is on international law and choice of applicable law, with comparisons of the UCP, the UCC and selected national laws. Bank attorneys, international bankers, commercial bankers, international trade and finance attorneys in law firms, in-house counsel, financial institutions, and academia will find this a clearly written, invaluable guide to the latest rules, case law and practice relating to these financial instruments. The new, expanded Second Edition includes: - Analysis and comparison of commercial and standby credits, bank guarantees and bonds in use in international exchange - Introduction to the various sets of rules in use in international operations and banking - Changes made to the UCC Article 5 and UCP 600 - New development and landmark decisions and case law since the publishing of the first edition - Guidance to and analysis of inter bank relationship, indemnity agreements and reference to sample documentation, and numerous sample clauses - Reference to statutory laws of lcs in various countries
Book Synopsis The Independence Principle of Letters of Credit and Demand Guarantees by : Nelson Enonchong
Download or read book The Independence Principle of Letters of Credit and Demand Guarantees written by Nelson Enonchong and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-04-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Independence Principle of Letters of Credit and Demand Guarantees offers a comprehensive and authoritative analysis of the principle of independence, a fundamental element of Letters of Credit and Demand Guarantees. It explores the parameters of this principle and the increasing exceptions to it.
Book Synopsis The Law of Letters of Credit by : John F. Dolan
Download or read book The Law of Letters of Credit written by John F. Dolan and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Fraud Rule in the Law of Letters of Credit:A Comparative Study by : Xiang Gao
Download or read book The Fraud Rule in the Law of Letters of Credit:A Comparative Study written by Xiang Gao and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Dr. Gao finds the best provisions and practices in respect of the fraud rule in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, and applies these standards to the reformulation of the fraud rule in the PRC. In the process be surveys the entire field of the fraud rule in the law of letters of credit in its substantive aspects, thus going deeper than mere banking law analyses and revealing, for the benefit of jurists everywhere, the fundamental legal issues that must underlie all sound judicial reasoning in the area. In more practical terms, this approach also allows judges to meet their essential responsibility - that of giving an answer when a case is put before them - with the widest and best possible degree of discernment."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis Legal Aspects of Commercial Letters of Credit by : Herman Norman Finkelstein
Download or read book Legal Aspects of Commercial Letters of Credit written by Herman Norman Finkelstein and published by Columbia Legal Studies. This book was released on 1930 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the legal aspects of the commercial letter of credit in the light of its actual operation. Topics include the history of the commercial letters of credit, forms of action on letters of credit, conditions in the letter of credit, the relation between the letter of credit and the sales contract, and others.
Download or read book Letters of Credit written by Michael Rowe and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Letters of Credit written by Lazar Sarna and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Standby Letters of Credit in International Trade by : Ramandeep Kaur Chhina
Download or read book Standby Letters of Credit in International Trade written by Ramandeep Kaur Chhina and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2012-12-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The question of what constitutes ‘fraud in the transaction’ with respect to international letters of credit varies considerably among jurisdictions. In proving allegations of fraud, it is crucial for the practitioner to know the relevant jurisdiction’s case law, especially if wider defences such as inducement, unconscionable conduct or bad faith must be invoked. In this book, the author argues that, whereas ‘fraud in the documents’ is generally sufficient in cases involving commercial letters of credit, standby letters of credit demand a wider fraud exception. The central issue – how wide that fraud exception should be – is what this book explores in depth.This author compares and critically examines the application of the fraud exception in four major trade jurisdictions – the United States, England, Canada, and Australia. With an overall focus on how each jurisdiction’s fraud tests treat the autonomy of standby letters of credit, she builds her arguments on such relevant sources and concepts as the following: when it can be shown that the beneficiary has ‘no bona fide belief’ in the validity of its claim demand guarantees; international initiatives (ICC Rules and the UN Convention on Independent Guarantee and Standby Letters of Credit); the Sztejn Rule; parameters of the ‘fraud in the transaction’ defence ‘materiality’ standard; prerequisites for injunctive relief; arguing ‘fraud in the formation of the contract’; performance bond cases; applying the ‘breach of good faith’ defence; ‘negative stipulation’ in the underlying contract; and equitable versus statutory/broader notion of unconscionability. The presentation includes detailed summaries and analyses of leading cases in all four jurisdictions. Lawyers and corporate counsel responsible for arguing claims or defences in letter of credit transactions will welcome the way the author's research and insight define the range of options in each case they handle. Academics also will appreciate the systematic way the book frames a complex area of international trade law.
Book Synopsis International Letters of Credit:Resolving Conflict of Law Disputes by : Audi Gozlan
Download or read book International Letters of Credit:Resolving Conflict of Law Disputes written by Audi Gozlan and published by Springer. This book was released on 1999-03-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book examines the criteria used to determine the law relating to disputes over letters of credit where several parties are involved and each is situated in a different jurisdiction with no choice of law specified. Chapters include: relationships and connecting factors related to a letter of credit transaction; conflict of law rules; and, specific criteria as a solution to conflicts of laws in matters of letters of credit. The work is aimed at practitioners involved in financial and banking law or the settlement of disputes, financial institutions and those involved in importing and exporting.
Book Synopsis Standby and Commercial Letters of Credit by : Brooke Wunnicke
Download or read book Standby and Commercial Letters of Credit written by Brooke Wunnicke and published by Wolters Kluwer. This book was released on 2000-10-01 with total page 1690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Standby and Commercial Letters of Credit, Third Edition alerts you to current developments and discusses the recent UCP600, former UCP500, ISP98, UCC Article 5, and current trade practices and problems. The authors review letter of credit law and practices, helping to resolve concerns of applicants, beneficiaries, and issuers. This essential resource includes: Sample forms and clauses, procedures and checklists Current court cases and extensive Table of Cases What can happen to letters of credit in bankruptcy and insolvency proceedings Fraud and injunction nightmares Cross-reference table UCP600 and UCP500 Strategies for bank reimbursement agreements Standby and Commercial Letters of Credit, Third Edition gives you immediate guidance when you need it most. And it supplies real-world letters of credit situations, with analyses of what was done right and wrong.
