The Interactive Effects of Executive Functioning and Relevant Experience on Theory of Mind Development

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (898 download)

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Book Synopsis The Interactive Effects of Executive Functioning and Relevant Experience on Theory of Mind Development by :

Download or read book The Interactive Effects of Executive Functioning and Relevant Experience on Theory of Mind Development written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigated processes underlying the relation between executive functioning and false belief knowledge in preschool-aged children. The primary goal was to test the theory that executive functioning skills equip children with the cognitive tools necessary for experience-driven social conceptual change. To explore this possibility, 3.5-year-old children were recruited to participate in a longitudinal study that involved two study phases. During the initial phase, children were assessed on their false belief understanding and executive functioning skills, as well as abilities that served as relevant control variables (e.g., vocabulary skills). Two types of naturalistic experiences that relate to false belief development were also measured: parent mental state talk and having child-aged siblings. Six months later, families returned to the lab for the second phase of testing, and all measures were re-administered. Analyses examining concurrent relations among measures showed that at both study phases, there was an interactive effect of executive functioning skills and relevant experience on concurrent false belief task performance. This general pattern of results persisted-albeit in a weaker form-when controlling for consistency in executive functioning skills over time, age, vocabulary skills, and initial theory-of-mind knowledge. Longitudinal analyses revealed that there was an interactive effect of early executive functioning skills and experience on false belief understanding 6 months later, and these effects remained strong and significant when controlling for the relevant variables listed above. Moreover, the reverse longitudinal interactive effect-of later executive functioning and experience on early false belief knowledge-was not significant. Overall, effect sizes associated with the predicted longitudinal interaction were substantially larger than those associated with concurrent interactions. This study's longitudinal findings offer support for the hypothesis that executive functioning skills influence children's ability to use relevant experience in the service of false belief concept development. Further, the concurrent pattern of findings suggests that executive functioning skills are also recruited for actively reasoning about other minds in the moment, when children are faced with false-belief-reasoning situations. Alternative theories are discussed, with emphasis placed on taking an integrated theoretical approach to effectively characterize the effects of executive functioning on false-belief reasoning.

Executive Functioning and Theory of Mind Development

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (263 download)

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Book Synopsis Executive Functioning and Theory of Mind Development by : Jeannette Elizabeth Benson

Download or read book Executive Functioning and Theory of Mind Development written by Jeannette Elizabeth Benson and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study was conducted to investigate the processes underlying the relation between executive functioning and false belief knowledge. We explored the hypothesis that children with advanced executive functioning skills are better equipped to capitalize on the experiences that are necessary to learn how to reason about others' mental states. To examine this possibility, we recruited 3.5-year-old children with age-appropriate variability in executive functioning skills to participate in a training study designed to promote their performance on false belief tasks. We found that individual differences in executive functioning task scores strongly and consistently predicted the extent to which children benefited from false-belief training. Importantly, the relation between executive functioning and false belief improvement remained significant after controlling for age, initial performance on mental state reasoning tasks, language skills, and executive functioning improvement across the testing period. Thus, our results support the hypothesis that executive functioning skills influence the extent to which children are able to capitalize on relevant experience to better predict and understand others' false-belief-based behaviour. This claim is discussed with respect to possible alternative explanations for our findings, and ensuing implications for understanding the interplay between neuromaturational factors and experience.

Handbook of Executive Functioning

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461481066
Total Pages : 565 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Executive Functioning by : Sam Goldstein

Download or read book Handbook of Executive Functioning written by Sam Goldstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-19 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Planning. Attention. Memory. Self-regulation. These and other core cognitive and behavioral operations of daily life comprise what we know as executive functioning (EF). But despite all we know, the concept has engendered multiple, often conflicting definitions and its components are sometimes loosely defined and poorly understood. The Handbook of Executive Functioning cuts through the confusion, analyzing both the whole and its parts in comprehensive, practical detail for scholar and clinician alike. Background chapters examine influential models of EF, tour the brain geography of the executive system and pose salient developmental questions. A section on practical implications relates early deficits in executive functioning to ADD and other disorders in children and considers autism and later-life dementias from an EF standpoint. Further chapters weigh the merits of widely used instruments for assessing executive functioning and review interventions for its enhancement, with special emphasis on children and adolescents. Featured in the Handbook: The development of hot and cool executive function in childhood and adolescence. A review of the use of executive function tasks in externalizing and internalizing disorders. Executive functioning as a mediator of age-related cognitive decline in adults. Treatment integrity in interventions that target executive function. Supporting and strengthening working memory in the classroom to enhance executive functioning. The Handbook of Executive Functioning is an essential resource for researchers, scientist-practitioners and graduate students in clinical child, school and educational psychology; child and adolescent psychiatry; neurobiology; developmental psychology; rehabilitation medicine/therapy and social work.

Theory of Mind Across the Lifespan

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780889375482
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (754 download)

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Book Synopsis Theory of Mind Across the Lifespan by : Daniel M. Bernstein

Download or read book Theory of Mind Across the Lifespan written by Daniel M. Bernstein and published by . This book was released on 2018-04-09 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theory of mind ¿ precursors, lifespan development, expression, and in human-robot interactionsTheory of mind (ToM) ¿ the ability to attribute mental states to oneselfand to others ¿ is known to develop from infancy, and to improve markedly in early childhood. What we don¿t know is how ToM develops, changes, and expresses itself after early childhood and across the lifespan.The contributions in this volume aim to further our understanding in this field. They include a ystematic review of longitudinal ToM tesearch that identifies several precursors to ToM development, including cognitive abilities and behavioral experiences. There is also a look at the associations between age, executive function, and ¿life history ToM,¿ i.e., the recognition that prior life experiences influence how individuals think, feel, and make decisions about the future. In addition,human¿robot interaction is investigated, as humans of all ages ascribe mental states to robots ¿ the more human a robot appears andacts, the more ¿like me¿ we view and treat it.

Handbook of Research on Neurocognitive Development of Executive Functions and Implications for Intervention

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Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1799890767
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Neurocognitive Development of Executive Functions and Implications for Intervention by : Alcantud-Marín, Francisco

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Neurocognitive Development of Executive Functions and Implications for Intervention written by Alcantud-Marín, Francisco and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2022-03-18 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Executive functions develop during the first years of life and determine future learning and personal development. Executive dysfunction is related to various neurodevelopmental disorders, so its study is of great interest for intervention in children with neurotypical development and in those who have suffered a neurodevelopmental disorder. The Handbook of Research on Neurocognitive Development of Executive Functions and Implications for Intervention offers updated research on executive functions and their implication in psychoeducational intervention. It establishes a multidisciplinary context to discuss both intervention experience and research results in different areas of knowledge. Covering topics such as childhood inhibitory processing, mindfulness interventions, and language development, this major reference work is an excellent resource for psychologists, medical professionals, researchers, academicians, educators, and students.

Handbook of Child Psychology and Developmental Science, Socioemotional Processes

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118136799
Total Pages : 1120 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (181 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Child Psychology and Developmental Science, Socioemotional Processes by :

Download or read book Handbook of Child Psychology and Developmental Science, Socioemotional Processes written by and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-04-06 with total page 1120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essential reference for human development theory, updated and reconceptualized The Handbook of Child Psychology and Developmental Science, a four-volume reference, is the field-defining work to which all others are compared. First published in 1946, and now in its Seventh Edition, the Handbook has long been considered the definitive guide to the field of developmental science. Volume 3: Social, Emotional, and Personality Development presentsup-to-date knowledge and theoretical understanding of the several facets of social, emotional and personality processes. The volume emphasizes that any specific processes, function, or behavior discussed in the volume co-occurs alongside and is inextricably affected by the dozens of other processes, functions, or behaviors that are the focus of other researchers' work. As a result, the volume underscores the importance of a focus on the whole developing child and his or her sociocultural and historical environment. Understand the multiple processes that are interrelated in personality development Discover the individual, cultural, social, and economic processes that contribute to the social, emotional, and personality development of individuals Learn about the several individual and contextual contributions to the development of such facets of the individual as morality, spirituality, or aggressive/violent behavior Study the processes that contribute to the development of gender, sexuality, motivation, and social engagement The scholarship within this volume and, as well, across the four volumes of this edition, illustrate that developmental science is in the midst of a very exciting period. There is a paradigm shift that involves increasingly greater understanding of how to describe, explain, and optimize the course of human life for diverse individuals living within diverse contexts. This Handbook is the definitive reference for educators, policy-makers, researchers, students, and practitioners in human development, psychology, sociology, anthropology, and neuroscience.

Neural Circuit Development and Function in the Healthy and Diseased Brain

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123973465
Total Pages : 849 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Circuit Development and Function in the Healthy and Diseased Brain by :

Download or read book Neural Circuit Development and Function in the Healthy and Diseased Brain written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-05-06 with total page 849 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms of neural development are essential for understanding evolution and disorders of neural systems. Recent advances in genetic, molecular, and cell biological methods have generated a massive increase in new information, but there is a paucity of comprehensive and up-to-date syntheses, references, and historical perspectives on this important subject. The Comprehensive Developmental Neuroscience series is designed to fill this gap, offering the most thorough coverage of this field on the market today and addressing all aspects of how the nervous system and its components develop. Particular attention is paid to the effects of abnormal development and on new psychiatric/neurological treatments being developed based on our increased understanding of developmental mechanisms. Each volume in the series consists of review style articles that average 15-20pp and feature numerous illustrations and full references. Volume 3 offers 40 high level articles devoted mainly to anatomical and functional development of neural circuits and neural systems, as well as those that address neurodevelopmental disorders in humans and experimental organisms. - Series offers 144 articles for 2904 full color pages addressing ways in which the nervous system and its components develop - Features leading experts in various subfields as Section Editors and article Authors - All articles peer reviewed by Section Editors to ensure accuracy, thoroughness, and scholarship - Volume 3 sections include coverage of: mechanisms that control the assembly of neural circuits in specific regions of the nervous system, multiple aspects of cognitive development, and disorders of the nervous system arising through defects in neural development

Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309324882
Total Pages : 587 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 by : National Research Council

Download or read book Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-23 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.

Theory of Mind in Middle Childhood and Adolescence

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 100039011X
Total Pages : 181 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Theory of Mind in Middle Childhood and Adolescence by : Rory T. Devine

Download or read book Theory of Mind in Middle Childhood and Adolescence written by Rory T. Devine and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-05-26 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This landmark text integrates diverse perspectives on how humans understand others’ minds (or ‘theory of mind’) beyond early childhood into middle childhood and adolescence. It explores how the neural, cognitive, and social changes of middle childhood and adolescence shape the ongoing development of theory of mind, and how theory of mind helps children navigate their lives. Drawing on cutting-edge research from leading international experts, this book provides a survey and analysis of the current state and future direction of the field. It is organized around three themes relating to the key issues in contemporary research. The first part focuses on the biological and cognitive bases of theory of mind in middle childhood and adolescence. The second part goes on to explore the social predictors and consequences, considering how theory of mind is shaped by social experiences and, in turn, impacts children’s social lives in middle childhood and adolescence. Finally, the third part focuses on theory of mind in the context of neurodiversity, disability, and youth mental health in middle childhood and adolescence. Offering in-depth understanding for all students and scholars of developmental and cognitive psychology, neuroscience, clinical psychology and psychiatry, and education, this valuable text also identifies an agenda for future scholarship on this exciting topic.

Executive Functions, Self-Regulation and External-Regulation: Relations and new evidence

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832541224
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Executive Functions, Self-Regulation and External-Regulation: Relations and new evidence by : Jesus de la Fuente

Download or read book Executive Functions, Self-Regulation and External-Regulation: Relations and new evidence written by Jesus de la Fuente and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-12-18 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Adult ADHD

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136920641
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Adult ADHD by : Russell J. Ramsay

Download or read book Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Adult ADHD written by Russell J. Ramsay and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-02-11 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the second edition of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Adult ADHD, the authors update and expand on their examination of the uses of CBT in treating adult ADHD, providing more analysis of extant research, case studies, and clinical anecdotes.

Child and Adolescent Online Risk Exposure

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128175001
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Child and Adolescent Online Risk Exposure by : Michelle F. Wright

Download or read book Child and Adolescent Online Risk Exposure written by Michelle F. Wright and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-11-19 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Child and Adolescent Online Risk Exposure: An Ecological Perspective focuses on online risks and outcomes for children and adolescents using an ecological perspective (i.e., the intersection of individuals in relevant contexts) for a better understanding of risks associated with the youth online experience. The book examines the specific consequences of online risks for youth and demonstrates how to develop effective and sensitive interventions and policies. Sections discuss why online risks are important, individual and contextual factors, different types of risk, online risks among special populations, such as LGBT youth, physically or intellectually disabled youth, and ethnic and religious minorities, and intervention efforts. - Examines online risks such as problematic internet use, contact risk behaviors, online exploitation, online hate, cyberbullying, and cyberstalking - Explores the concept of digital citizenship - Includes theoretical considerations and the prevalence of online risks - Covers policy and intervention recommendations for reducing online risks

The Theory of Mind Under Scrutiny

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031467426
Total Pages : 741 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (314 download)

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Book Synopsis The Theory of Mind Under Scrutiny by : Teresa Lopez-Soto

Download or read book The Theory of Mind Under Scrutiny written by Teresa Lopez-Soto and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-01-01 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a call to expand and diversify our approach to the study of the human mind in relation to the Theory of Mind. It proposes that it is necessary to combine cross-disciplinary methods to arrive at a more complete understanding of how our minds work. Seeking to expand the discussion surrounding the Theory of Mind beyond the field of psychology, and its focus on our capacity to ascribe mental states to other people, this volume collects evidence and research to point to a more holistic understanding of our own minds, the minds of others, behavior, language, and reasoning. This book therefore illuminates the conceptual intricacy underlying the Theory of Mind. It posits that a wide scope is necessary to make a breakthrough in scientific research towards a full understanding of the nature, function, and development of our capacity to converge on biological processes of the brain towards consciousness, emotion, awareness, and cognition. The volume presents methods, results, critiques, and models intended to provoke debates in various academic disciplines. It is of interest to scholars working in psychology, neuroscience, philosophy of mind, and artificial intelligence.

Neural Circuit and Cognitive Development

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128144122
Total Pages : 670 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Circuit and Cognitive Development by : Bin Chen

Download or read book Neural Circuit and Cognitive Development written by Bin Chen and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neural Circuit and Cognitive Development, Second Edition, the latest release in the Comprehensive Developmental Neuroscience series, provides a much-needed update to underscore the latest research in this rapidly evolving field, with new section editors discussing the technological advances that are enabling the pursuit of new research on brain development. This volume is devoted mainly to anatomical and functional development of neural circuits and neural systems and cognitive development. Understanding the critical role these changes play in neurodevelopment provides the ability to explore and elucidate the underlying causes of neurodevelopmental disorders and their effect on cognition. This series is designed to fill the knowledge gap, offering the most thorough coverage of this field on the market today and addressing all aspects of how the nervous system and its components develop. Features leading experts in various subfields as section editors and article authors Presents articles that have been peer reviewed to ensure accuracy, thoroughness and scholarship Includes coverage of mechanisms that control the assembly of neural circuits in specific regions of the nervous system and multiple aspects of cognitive development

Development of executive function during childhood

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889198006
Total Pages : 459 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of executive function during childhood by : Yusuke Moriguchi

Download or read book Development of executive function during childhood written by Yusuke Moriguchi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-04-01 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Executive function refers to the goal-oriented regulation of one’s own thoughts, actions, and emotions. Its importance is attested by its contribution to the development of other cognitive skills (e.g., theory of mind), social abilities (e.g., peer interactions), and academic achievement (e.g., mathematics), and by the consequences of deficits in executive function (which are observed in wide range of developmental disorders, such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism). Over the last decade, there have been growing interest in the development of executive function, and an expanding body of research has shown that executive function develops rapidly during the preschool years, with adult-level performance being achieved during adolescence or later. This recent work, together with experimental research showing the effects of interventions targeting executive function, has yielded important insights into the neurocognitive processes underlying executive function. Given the complexity of the construct of executive function, however, and the multiplicity of underlying processes, there are often inconsistencies in the way that executive function is defined and studied. This inconsistency has hampered communication among researchers from various fields. This Research Topic is intended to bridge this gap and provide an opportunity for researchers from different perspectives to discuss recent advances in understanding childhood executive function. Researchers using various methods, including, behavioral experiments, neuroimaging, eye-tracking, computer simulation, observational methods, and questionnaires, are encouraged to contribute original empirical research. In addition to original empirical articles, theoretical reviews and opinions/perspective articles on promising future directions are welcome. We hope that researchers from different areas, such as developmental psychology, educational psychology, experimental psychology, neuropsychology, neuroscience, psychiatry, computational science, etc., will be represented in the Research Topic.

When (and How) Theory of Mind Is Useful? Evidences from Research in the Life-Span

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889451011
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis When (and How) Theory of Mind Is Useful? Evidences from Research in the Life-Span by : Francesca Baglio

Download or read book When (and How) Theory of Mind Is Useful? Evidences from Research in the Life-Span written by Francesca Baglio and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-02-17 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theory of Mind (ToM) or mentalization is the ability to understand and foresee the behavior referring to one’s own and others’ mental states (Premack & Woodruff, 1978; Wimmer & Perner, 1983). This capacity, which is considered the most representative mechanism of social cognition, is a multifaceted set of competences liable to influence – and be influenced by – a manifold of psychosocial aspects. Studies on typical and atypical/clinical development during life showed that ToM is frequently delayed (e.g. in deafness) or impaired in many clinical conditions (e.g. Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Schizophrenia, Borderline Personality Disorder, Parkinson’s Disease, Alzheimer’s Disease) and, on the other hand, may not be unequivocally a positive experience. It is therefore possible to consider the existence of multiple kinds of Theory of Mind. In fact, ToM may vary along a quantitative and a qualitative continuum. As for the quantitative dimension, the continuum is constituted by the fluctuation between high and low levels of ToM ability in different clinical conditions. Along this continuum, impairment can mean “not enough” ToM (for example in Autism Spectrum Disorder) as well as “too much” ToM (for example in Schizophrenia and Borderline Personality Disorder). The qualitative dimension – highly interrelated with the quantitative one - regards the shift between adaptive (e.g. prosocial, nice ToM) vs. unadaptive (e.g. antisocial, nasty ToM) mental states content. The issue is discussed in light of recent evidence from outstanding researchers working on typical and atypical/clinical populations along the life-span. Findings from the fields of psychology, neuropsychology and neuroscience enrich the research topic argumentation.

Tools of the Mind

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Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040005438
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Tools of the Mind by : Elena Bodrova

Download or read book Tools of the Mind written by Elena Bodrova and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-04-24 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its third edition, this classic text remains the seminal resource for in-depth information about major concepts and principles of the cultural-historical theory developed by Lev Vygotsky, his students, and colleagues, as well as three generations of neo-Vygotskian scholars in Russia and the West. Featuring two new chapters on brain development and scaffolding in the zone of proximal development, as well as additional content on technology, dual language learners, and students with disabilities, this new edition provides the latest research evidence supporting the basics of the cultural-historical approach alongside Vygotskian-based practical implications. With concrete explanations and strategies on how to scaffold young children’s learning and development, this book is essential reading for students of early childhood theory and development.