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The Influence Of Invertebrate And Microbial Cross Community Interactions On The Nitrate Removal Function In The Hyporheic Zone
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Book Synopsis The Influence of Invertebrate and Microbial Cross-community Interactions on the Nitrate Removal Function in the Hyporheic Zone by : Jingmei Yao
Download or read book The Influence of Invertebrate and Microbial Cross-community Interactions on the Nitrate Removal Function in the Hyporheic Zone written by Jingmei Yao and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This PhD study aims to understand how the biodiversity influences the water purification processes in the hyporheic zone of running water, as an important regulating service that reduces the quantity of pollutants in freshwater ecosystems. Few studies have focused on how the invertebrate community influences the functioning of hyporheic zones, which are considered as a biogeochemical reactor that largely contributes to nutrient cycling capacity of the rivers. Nitrate retention or denitrification functions in hyporheic zones are used as indicators for the water purification service. The relationship between the nitrate removal function and its associated biodiversity was tested at different scales from indoor microcosms to in-stream reaches and the hyporheic habitat of a large river (Garonne) meander, under natural and stressful conditions. First, the linkage between invertebrates and the nitrate (NO3-) removal function was given in evidence in a series of infiltration columns that mimicked the riverbed conditions with its benthic communities. A gradient of community diversity was created with biofilm, meiofauna and macrofauna communities' combination in different treatments. It enabled to test the influence of the invertebrate community on the NO3- removal rates with and without pesticides during the Inbioprocess project. The results implied the influence of invertebrate and microbial cross-community interactions on NO3- removal rates, which was higher with invertebrate communities in the sediments (11.8 ± 1.2) than without (7.7 ± 1.4 mg N.l-1.d-1). These findings suggested a top-down control of invertebrates on the microbial activities. These interactions were also depicted at the source of the recovery of the NO3- removal capacity when facing stressful conditions due to addition of pesticide in the experimental water. These laboratory findings highlighted the importance of multi-trophic level interactions in the hyporheic habitat, with probable implication of the more resistant species in the resilience capacity of this system. The occurrence of the top-down linkage was then explored in in situ habitats. The NO3- removal rates measured at the reach scale in 9 European streams during the STREAMES project ranged from 0.04 to 10.75 with an average of 1.64 ± 2.39 mg NO3--N m-2.min-1 (Mean ± SE). The results suggested that not only physico-chemical and hydrological factors, but also macro-invertebrate assemblages may influence nitrate removal. Some functional groups positively correlated with nitrate reduction were biofilm grazers and interstitial organisms associated with macro-porous substrate. In the hyporheic water of Monbequi meander of the Garonne river, the positive correlation between invertebrate diversity and the potential denitrification rates was only visible during the autumn season, suggesting a potential "hot moment" for the observation of this correlation between biodiversity and ecosystem function in fields.
Book Synopsis Nitrate Removal Efficiency in Hyporheic Zones by : Lizhi Zheng
Download or read book Nitrate Removal Efficiency in Hyporheic Zones written by Lizhi Zheng and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamental understanding of bedform-induced hyporheic flow and how it controls the nitrate dynamics in the hyporheic zone (HZ) is critical for environmental and ecological problems, such as eutrophication, deterioration of water quality, and loss of biodiversity. The HZ is regarded as a biogeochemical hotspot for removing nitrate from the river system. Although hyporheic flux has been extensively studied in the HZ in the last decade, the cycle of nitrate dynamics in the HZ is still poorly understood. To better characterize and predict nitrate cycling in the HZ, I have investigated the role of HZ in removing nitrate in response to temperature variations and bedform migration through numerical experiments. I have designed and generated all bedform shapes for this dissertation. All numerical experiments followed the same sequential procedures: (1) Solving Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations to obtain pressure distribution along the sediment-water interface; (2) The bedform-induced pressure along sediment-water interface drives water entering into and out of HZ by solving the Darcy's equation; (3) Meanwhile, the transport equations were implemented for solving reactive species and/or temperature distributions, depending on whether temperature was assumed to be spatially heterogeneous or homogeneous. The reactive species were either consumed or produced that was closely related to the reaction chains for the nitrate transformations in the HZ. Here, we only considered aerobic respiration, denitrification, and nitrification for nitrate cycling in the HZ. My dissertation started with the simplest cases assuming uniform temperature in the HZ. I found that nitrate transformations in the HZ are temperature-dependent since the chemical reaction rates increase with enlarging temperature. The functionality of HZ acting as nitrate source or sink depends strongly on the stream water quality. When the HZ serves as nitrate sink, the nitrate removal efficiency increases with temperature. Moreover, since temperature changes diurnally following a sinusoidal function, a persistent biogeochemical hotspot for removing nitrate is present regardless of the occurrence of dynamic and complex hyporheic temperature patterns. The daily-averaged nitrate removal efficiency with instantaneously changing temperature is fairly identical to the counterpart by using uniform temperature in the HZ. Last but not least, I generated more realistic moving ripple bedforms. The migration rate of ripples causes different hyporheic flux and thus reactive transport processes in the HZ. I found that the nitrate removal efficiency increases asymptotically with Damkohler number, and the immobile ripples overestimate the nitrate removal efficiency compared to that for mobile ripples. All above-mentioned research results can be readily extended for large scales.
Book Synopsis The Hyporeic Zone as a Primary Source of Invertebrate Community Resilience in Intermittent Alluvial Rivers by : Ross Vander Vorste
Download or read book The Hyporeic Zone as a Primary Source of Invertebrate Community Resilience in Intermittent Alluvial Rivers written by Ross Vander Vorste and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding community response to disturbance is essential to identifying processes that determine their assembly and to predicting the future effects of climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Drying (complete loss of surface water) is a natural disturbance affecting 50% of rivers worldwide and is occurring more in perennial rivers due to climate change. However, its effects on aquatic invertebrate communities and the underlying processes contributing to their resilience (i.e. return to pre-drying or undisturbed levels) have not been well quantified. Using 4 congruous field and mesocosm experiments to quantify community resilience and identify its primary sources in environmentally harsh alluvial rivers. First, I found communities in 8 alluvial rivers were highly resilient to moderate and severe drying. Second, I showed that the hyporheic zone (saturated interstitial sediments) can be the primary source of colonists, promoting high community resilience. Third, I found high water temperature and intraspecific competition caused Gammarus pulex, a common benthic detritivore, to migrate into the hyporheic zone. Fourth, I found increasing depth to the water table diminished the hyporheic zone's role as a source of colonists by reducing survival of G. pulex. My results support an emerging concept that harsh ecosystems are highly resilient and indicate that the effects of drying on biodiversity and ecosystem functions could vary across river systems. In alluvial rivers, the hyporheic zone can contribute strongly to community resilience and management should focus on protecting and restoring vertical connectivity to maximize resilience to climate change.
Book Synopsis Watershed Hydrology by : Vijay P. Singh
Download or read book Watershed Hydrology written by Vijay P. Singh and published by Allied Publishers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Natural Nitrate Removal in Shallow Subsurface Stream Flows by : Abigail Heath
Download or read book Natural Nitrate Removal in Shallow Subsurface Stream Flows written by Abigail Heath and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As agricultural growth increases across the planet, more anthropogenic nitrate from fertilizers and sewage effluent is contributed to the aquatic system, exacerbating both ecosystem and human-health issues. Nitrate is naturally processed and removed within the environment, and those processes have been observed in a segment of substrata and porewater below streams called the hyporheic zone (HZ). The interaction of stream water with groundwater can promote denitrification; however, the rate of nitrate removal within the HZ is unknown. This study determined the extent of surface water-groundwater interactions in a HZ and assessed the nitrate as nitrogen removal in this zone via monthly sampling of three wells inserted along the length of T3, a stream located in the agriculturally dominated, Central Illinois landscape. Samples were taken from 10, 20, 30, and 50 cm below the streambed, the stream, and a groundwater well from spring to fall of one year to assess the full mixing patterns and nitrate contributions of the landscape to the stream system. The chemical composition of the stream water, groundwater, and HZ waters were analyzed using an Ion Chromatograph and applied in a mixing-model. Results show that stream water and groundwater contribute proportionally inverting amounts to water flow through the depth of the HZ. The conservative ion chloride is a chemical indicator of mixing in waters, and in the studied HZ, chloride concentrations were 48.8% higher in surface water than groundwater, and a gradient of change between these two endmembers was observed along depth throughout the HZ. Reducing nitrate levels along depth can be positively correlated to this gradient of mixing in the HZ. This relationship supports that the mixing of surface water and groundwater that occurs along the depth of the HZ chemically processes the surface water and removes its excess nitrate. A better understanding of how different water sources contribute to the HZ and how that water flows through this zone will better equip regulators and remediators to use streams and their hyporheic zones to remove excess nitrate from agricultural runoff, contributing to healthier ecosystems and drinking water.
Book Synopsis Riparian Areas by : National Research Council
Download or read book Riparian Areas written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-10-10 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Clean Water Act (CWA) requires that wetlands be protected from degradation because of their important ecological functions including maintenance of high water quality and provision of fish and wildlife habitat. However, this protection generally does not encompass riparian areasâ€"the lands bordering rivers and lakesâ€"even though they often provide the same functions as wetlands. Growing recognition of the similarities in wetland and riparian area functioning and the differences in their legal protection led the NRC in 1999 to undertake a study of riparian areas, which has culminated in Riparian Areas: Functioning and Strategies for Management. The report is intended to heighten awareness of riparian areas commensurate with their ecological and societal values. The primary conclusion is that, because riparian areas perform a disproportionate number of biological and physical functions on a unit area basis, restoration of riparian functions along America's waterbodies should be a national goal.
Book Synopsis Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams by : Thibault Datry
Download or read book Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams written by Thibault Datry and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-07-11 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams: Ecology and Management takes an internationally broad approach, seeking to compare and contrast findings across multiple continents, climates, flow regimes, and land uses to provide a complete and integrated perspective on the ecology of these ecosystems. Coupled with this, users will find a discussion of management approaches applicable in different regions that are illustrated with relevant case studies. In a readable and technically accurate style, the book utilizes logically framed chapters authored by experts in the field, allowing managers and policymakers to readily grasp ecological concepts and their application to specific situations. Provides up-to-date reviews of research findings and management strategies using international examples Explores themes and parallels across diverse sub-disciplines in ecology and water resource management utilizing a multidisciplinary and integrative approach Reveals the relevance of this scientific understanding to managers and policymakers
Book Synopsis Ecohydrological Interfaces by : Stefan Krause
Download or read book Ecohydrological Interfaces written by Stefan Krause and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-10-12 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecohydrological Interfaces Comprehensive overview of the process dynamics and interactions governing ecohydrological interfaces Summarizing the interdisciplinary investigation of ecohydrological interface functioning, Ecohydrological Interfaces advances the understanding of their dynamics across traditional subject boundaries. It offers a detailed explanation of the underlying mechanisms and process interactions governing ecohydrological interface functioning from the micro scale to the ecosystem and regional scale. The multidisciplinary team of authors integrates and synthesises the current understanding of process dynamics at different ecohydrological interfaces to develop a unifying concept of their ecosystem functions. The work introduces novel experimental and model-based methods for characterizing and quantifying ecohydrological interface processes, taking account of innovative sensing and tracing technologies as well as microbial and molecular biology approaches. Key questions addressed in the book include: Which conditions stimulate the transformative nature of ecohydrological interfaces? How are ecohydrological interfaces organized in space and time? How does interface activity propagate from small to large scales? How do ecohydrological interfaces react to environmental change and what is their role in processes of significant societal value? As a research level text on the functionality and performance of ecohydrological interfaces, Ecohydrological Interfaces is primarily aimed at academics and postgraduate researchers. It is also appropriate for university libraries as further reading on a range of geographical, environmental, biological, and engineering topics.
Book Synopsis Streams and Ground Waters by : Jeremy B. Jones
Download or read book Streams and Ground Waters written by Jeremy B. Jones and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-12-06 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Streams around the world flow toward the sea in floodplains. All along this transit, there is exchange of water between the stream itself and the surrounding sediments which form the floodplain. Many chemical, biological, and geological processes occur when water moves back and forth between streams and these flood plain sediments. Streams and Groundwaters focuses on the consequences of water flow between streams, their underlying sediments, and surrounding landscapes. Certain to appeal to anyone interested in stream ecology, the management of stream ecosystems, or landscape ecology, this volume should become a oft-opened reference.
Book Synopsis The Hyporheic Handbook by : Great Britain, Environment Agency Staff
Download or read book The Hyporheic Handbook written by Great Britain, Environment Agency Staff and published by . This book was released on 2009-11 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook brings together the latest research on a range of topics related to the groundwater-surface water interface and hyporheic zones specifically for environmental management practitioners.
Book Synopsis Freshwater Fungi by : E. B. Gareth Jones
Download or read book Freshwater Fungi written by E. B. Gareth Jones and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2014-08-27 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The available literature on freshwater fungi is limited. Over the subsequent years a considerable volume of scientific papers have appeared scattered throughout numerous journals. There is therefore no recent synthesis of the subject and this is the objective of the proposed book. Freshwater habitats are rich in fungi with some 3,000 described species, most of papers focussing on their identification, substrata they grow on and world distribution. However, these fungi play an important role in the freshwater ecosystem, and are primarily involved in the breakdown of leaf litter contributing food for detritus feeders. Our book will bring together a wide range of acclaimed mycologists to review recent developments on the biology and ecology of freshwater fungi, particularly their molecular phylogeny, biodiversity, causative diseases of freshwater amphibians, fishes and invertebrate animals, decomposition of leaf litter, stream pollution and their potential role in bioremediation.
Book Synopsis Methods in Stream Ecology by : F. Richard Hauer
Download or read book Methods in Stream Ecology written by F. Richard Hauer and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-04-27 with total page 894 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods in Stream Ecology, Second Edition, provides a complete series of field and laboratory protocols in stream ecology that are ideal for teaching or conducting research. This updated edition reflects recent advances in the technology associated with ecological assessment of streams, including remote sensing. In addition, the relationship between stream flow and alluviation has been added, and a new chapter on riparian zones is also included. The book features exercises in each chapter; detailed instructions, illustrations, formulae, and data sheets for in-field research for students; and taxanomic keys to common stream invertebrates and algae. With a student-friendly price, this book is key for all students and researchers in stream and freshwater ecology, freshwater biology, marine ecology, and river ecology. This text is also supportive as a supplementary text for courses in watershed ecology/science, hydrology, fluvial geomorphology, and landscape ecology. Exercises in each chapter Detailed instructions, illustrations, formulae, and data sheets for in-field research for students Taxanomic keys to common stream invertebrates and algae Link from Chapter 22: FISH COMMUNITY COMPOSITION to an interactive program for assessing and modeling fish numbers
Book Synopsis Groundwater Ecology by : Jack A. Stanford
Download or read book Groundwater Ecology written by Jack A. Stanford and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater has long been an object of intense scrutiny. Only recently have methods become available that permit ecologists, hydrologists, and environmental scientists to assess the biotic and abiotic status of these all-important aquifers. The dynamics of water movement through complex subterranean ecosystems The biological organization and the factors that constrain these ecosystems Alluvial and karst ecosystem functions Contamination, management, and remediation
Book Synopsis The Ecology of Aquatic Hyphomycetes by : Felix Bärlocher
Download or read book The Ecology of Aquatic Hyphomycetes written by Felix Bärlocher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aquatic hyphomycetes were discovered 50 years ago by C.T. Ingold. They remained a relatively obscure group until their role as intermediaries between deciduous leaves and stream invertebrates was established some 20 years ago. This book, for the first time, provides a comprehensive summary and critical evaluation of the biology and ecology of these organisms. Aspecial effort was made to evaluate the potential and actual insight that have been or will be derived from work in related disciplines such as the ecology of other fungal groups, stream ecology, or population ecology. The topics treated include the basic life history of the fungi and the potential role of wood, a discussion of how the fungi have adjusted to life in running water, their interactions with invertebrates, the attachment and germination of their spores, what is known about sexual reproduction, how water chemistry may influence their distribution and activity, how they react to human degradation of their environment, and a summary of the research done on the Indian subcontinent. The volume is of special interest to mycologists and stream ecologists and should facilitate the entry of new workers into this exciting area.
Book Synopsis Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions by : Habil. Jörg Lewandowski
Download or read book Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions written by Habil. Jörg Lewandowski and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-10 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen a paradigm shift in our understanding of groundwater–surface water interactions: surface water and aquifers were long considered discrete, separate entities; they are now understood as integral components of a surface–subsurface continuum. This book provides an overview of current research advances and innovative approaches in groundwater–surface water interactions. The 20 research articles and 1 communication cover a wide range of thematic scopes, scales, and experimental and modelling methods across different disciplines (hydrology, aquatic ecology, biogeochemistry, and environmental pollution). The book identifies current knowledge gaps and reveals the challenges in establishing standardized measurement, observation, and assessment approaches. It includes current hot topcis with environmental and societal relevance such as eutrophication, retention of legacy, and emerging pollutants (e.g., pharmaceuticals and microplastics), urban water interfaces, and climate change impacts. The book demonstrates the relevance of processes at groundwater–surface water interfaces for (1) regional water balances and (2) quality and quantity of drinking water resources. As such, this book represents the long-awaited transfer of the above-mentioned paradigm shift in understanding of groundwater–surface water interactions from science to practice.
Book Synopsis Ecological Effects of Water-level Fluctuations in Lakes by : Karl M. Wantzen
Download or read book Ecological Effects of Water-level Fluctuations in Lakes written by Karl M. Wantzen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-05-06 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most aquatic ecosystems have variable water levels. These water-level fluctuations (WLF) have multiple effects on the organisms above and below the waterline. Natural WLF patterns in lakes guarantee both productivity and biodiversity, while untimely floods and droughts may have negative effects. Human impacts on WLF have led to a stabilization of the water levels of many lakes by hydraulic regulation, untimely drawdown due to water use, or floods due to water release from hydropower plants in the catchments. This book provides a first review in this field. It presents selected papers on the ecological effects of WLF in lakes, resulting from a workshop at the University of Konstanz in winter 2005. Issues addressed here include the extent of WLF, and analyses of their effects on different groups of biota from microorganisms to vertebrates. Applied issues include recommendations for the hydrological management of regulated lakes to reduce negative impacts, and a conceptual framework is delivered by an extension of the floodpulse concept for lakes. Current impacts on water use, including increasing demands on drinking and irrigation water, hydropower etc., and climate change effects on WLF make this book an essential resource for aquatic ecologists, engineers, and decision-makers dealing with the management of lake ecosystems and their catchments.
Book Synopsis Nutrient Criteria Technical Guidance Manual by :
Download or read book Nutrient Criteria Technical Guidance Manual written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
