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The Importance Of Iron In Pathophysiologic Conditions
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Book Synopsis The Importance Of Iron In Pathophysiologic Conditions by : Raffaella Gozzelino
Download or read book The Importance Of Iron In Pathophysiologic Conditions written by Raffaella Gozzelino and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-06-09 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The iron element (Fe) is strictly required for the survival of most forms of life, including bacteria, plants and humans. Fine-tuned regulatory mechanisms for Fe absorption, mobilization and recycling operate to maintain Fe homeostasis, the disruption of which leads to Fe overload or Fe depletion. Whereas the deleterious effect of Fe deficiency relies on reduced oxygen transport and diminished activity of Fe-dependent enzymes, the cytotoxicity induced by Fe overload is due to the ability of this metal to act as a pro-oxidant and catalyze the formation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals via the Fenton chemistry. This results in unfettered oxidative stress generation that, by inducing protein, lipid and DNA oxidation, leads to Fe-mediated programmed cell death and organ dysfunction. Major and systemic Fe overloads occurring in hemochromatosis and Fe-loading anemias have been extensively studied. However, localized tissue Fe overload was recently associated to a variety of pathologies, such as infection, inflammation, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. In keeping with the existence of cross-regulatory interactions between Fe homeostasis and the pathophysiology of these diseases, further investigations on the mechanisms that provide cellular and systemic adaptation to tissue Fe overload are instrumental for future therapeutic approaches. Thus, we encourage our colleagues to submit original research papers, reviews, perspectives, methods and technology reports to contribute their findings to a current state of the art on a comprehensive overview of the importance of iron metabolism in pathophysiologic conditions.
Book Synopsis Iron Physiology and Pathophysiology in Humans by : Gregory J. Anderson
Download or read book Iron Physiology and Pathophysiology in Humans written by Gregory J. Anderson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-14 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iron Physiology and Pathophysiology in Humans provides health professionals in many areas of research and practice with the most up-to-date and well-referenced volume on the importance of iron as a nutrient and its role in health and disease. This important new volume is the benchmark in the complex area of interrelationships between the essentiality of iron, its functions throughout the body, including its critical role in erythropoiesis, the biochemistry and clinical relevance of iron-containing enzymes and other molecules involved in iron absorption, transport and metabolism, he importance of optimal iron status on immune function, and links between iron and the liver, heart, brain and other organs. Moreover, the interactions between genetic and environmental factors and the numerous co-morbidities seen with both iron deficiency and iron overload in at risk populations are clearly delineated so that students as well as practitioners can better understand the complexities of these interactions. Key features of the volume include an in-depth index and recommendations and practice guidelines are included in relevant chapters. The volume contains more than 100 detailed tables and informative figures and up-to-date references that provide the reader with excellent sources of information about the critical role of iron nutrition, optimal iron status and the adverse clinical consequences of altered iron homeostasis. Iron Physiology and Pathophysiology in Humans is an excellent new text as well as the most authoritative resource in the field.
Book Synopsis Iron Physiology and Pathophysiology in Humans by : Gregory J. Anderson
Download or read book Iron Physiology and Pathophysiology in Humans written by Gregory J. Anderson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-16 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iron Physiology and Pathophysiology in Humans provides health professionals in many areas of research and practice with the most up-to-date and well-referenced volume on the importance of iron as a nutrient and its role in health and disease. This important new volume is the benchmark in the complex area of interrelationships between the essentiality of iron, its functions throughout the body, including its critical role in erythropoiesis, the biochemistry and clinical relevance of iron-containing enzymes and other molecules involved in iron absorption, transport and metabolism, he importance of optimal iron status on immune function, and links between iron and the liver, heart, brain and other organs. Moreover, the interactions between genetic and environmental factors and the numerous co-morbidities seen with both iron deficiency and iron overload in at risk populations are clearly delineated so that students as well as practitioners can better understand the complexities of these interactions. Key features of the volume include an in-depth index and recommendations and practice guidelines are included in relevant chapters. The volume contains more than 100 detailed tables and informative figures and up-to-date references that provide the reader with excellent sources of information about the critical role of iron nutrition, optimal iron status and the adverse clinical consequences of altered iron homeostasis. Iron Physiology and Pathophysiology in Humans is an excellent new text as well as the most authoritative resource in the field.
Book Synopsis Iron Chelation Therapy by : Chaim Hershko
Download or read book Iron Chelation Therapy written by Chaim Hershko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the last few years, iron research has yielded exciting new insights into the under standing of normal iron homeostasis. However, normal iron physiology offers little protec tion from the toxic effects of pathological iron accumulation, because nature did not equip us with effective mechanisms of iron excretion. Excess iron may be effectively removed by phlebotomy in hereditary hemochromatosis, but this method cannot be applied to chronic anemias associated with iron overload. In these diseases, iron chelating therapy is the only method available for preventing early death caused mainly by myocardial and hepatic iron toxicity. Iron chelating therapy has changed the quality of life and life expectancy of thalassemic patients. However, the high cost and rigorous requirements of deferoxamine therapy, and the significant toxicity of deferiprone underline the need for the continued development of new and improved orally effective iron chelators. Such development, and the evolution of improved strategies of iron chelating therapy require better understanding of the pathophysiology of iron toxicity and the mechanism of action of iron chelating drugs. The timeliness of the present volume is underlined by several significant develop ments in recent years. New insights have been gained into the molecular basis of aberrant iron handling in hereditary disorders and the pathophysiology of iron overload (Chapters 1-5).
Book Synopsis Management of Anemia by : Robert Provenzano
Download or read book Management of Anemia written by Robert Provenzano and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-11 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise and practical resource brings together recent advances in identifying and managing anemia of chronic disease (inflammation), genetically related anemia and anemia related to chronic end organ damage. Chapters provide a detailed analysis of the current science of anemia, approaches to different patient populations, comorbid conditions and nutritional aspects of anemia. Novel therapies focused on physiological pathways are introduced and discussed. Controversies from the perspective of subspecialists focused in treating major causes of anemia within their specific disciplines are also presented. Easy-to-reference and authored by experts in each clinical scenario, Management of Anemia is the launching point for learning more about this challenging and common condition.
Book Synopsis Hemochromatosis by : James C. Barton
Download or read book Hemochromatosis written by James C. Barton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-01-13 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once considered a rare condition, hemochromatosis is now acknowledged as one of the commonest inherited disorders, affecting one in two hundred people of Western Caucasian descent and in the U.S. alone, over one million people. This is the most comprehensive clinical reference yet on hemochromatosis. The international team of 94 authors from twelve countries includes specialists in internal medicine, hematology, hepatology, genetics, biochemistry, and molecular biology. In 57 in-depth chapters they cover all aspects of pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. The text thoroughly explains the latest developments in the genetics of the disorder, including sections on screening, diagnostic techniques, and clinical complications. In addition, chapters consider social and ethical issues. With over 200 illustrations--including 40 color plates--this is today's definitive resource for all clinicians involved in the management of hemochromatosis, and for scientists interested in iron metabolism and iron overload.
Book Synopsis The Role of Iron in Lung Pathophysiology by : Vida Zhang
Download or read book The Role of Iron in Lung Pathophysiology written by Vida Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iron is an essential trace mineral for normal biological function, and systemic iron homeostasis is tightly regulated via complex systemic mechanisms and iron transporters. While there has been much focus on systemic iron regulation and homeostasis, iron regulation in the lung has not been well characterized. In addition, little is understood about the regulation of iron transporters and their role in specific cell types and under different pathophysiological conditions in the lung. Altered iron levels have also been associated with various lung pathologies, with iron overload associated with acute lung iron injury and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis severity and iron deficiency correlating with worse pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Our goals were to elucidate the effect of iron dysregulation in multiple lung pathologies and to further explore the role of iron transporters in the lung. For Chapters One and Two, we utilized hepcidin knockout mice (HKO) as a model of severe iron overload. In Chapter One, we induced acute lung injury (ALI) in HKO mice and wild-type (WT) littermates via oropharyngeal aspiration (OP) of lipopolysaccharide. While we did not observe any major differences in systemic inflammatory response or airway neutrophil infiltration, we did notice a mild and transient increase in vascular leakage and increased neutrophil activity, potentially due to increased lung tissue apoptosis. In Chapter Two, we treated HKO mice and WT littermates with bleomycin OP to induce pulmonary fibrosis and did not observe any effect of iron overload on lung collagen levels nor any differences in overall disease severity. Together, these data indicate that despite increased lung iron levels in human patients with ALI or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, iron overload may not play a significant role in the progression of either disease. In Chapter Three, we examined the role of ZIP8, a transmembrane divalent metal ion importer that is most highly expressed in the lung and inducible by inflammatory stimuli. We generated and characterized a novel global inducible ZIP8 knockout (KO) mouse and observed an unexpected phenotype of elevated spleen iron levels and decreased serum iron in ZIP8 KO mice. These data suggest that ZIP8 plays a role in iron recycling during homeostasis. However, we did not see any difference in response to the stress states of hemolytic anemia or iron deficiency in ZIP8 KO versus wild-type mice, suggesting that Zip8 may be redundant in this system. We also showed that ZIP8 is expressed on lung distal airspace epithelial cells and transports iron from the airway into lung tissue. ZIP8 deletion, however, had no detrimental effect on the severity of LPS-induced acute lung injury or on the outcomes of Klebsiella pneumoniae lung infection. Thus, ZIP8 plays a role in systemic iron homeostasis but does not modulate the severity of inflammatory lung injury or the host defense against a common bacterial cause of pneumonia. In Chapter Four, our goal was to establish a mouse model of iron deficiency in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type II receptor (Bmpr2)-associated PAH, as mutations in Bmpr2 are the most common genetic cause of PAH. We placed mice heterozygous for a Bmpr2-null allele and littermate controls on a low-iron diet to induce iron deficiency. Surprisingly, we found that iron-deficient Bmpr2 heterozygous mice may have less severe PAH than corresponding controls as evidenced by hemodynamics. We determined that while there are associations between iron deficiency and PAH potentially through Bmpr2, the Bmpr2 mutant mouse model is not the appropriate model for elucidating this relationship. Chapter Five explored the role of erythroferrone (ERFE) in a mouse model of b-thalassemia. ERFE is an erythroid hormone that increases iron availability by functioning as a BMP trap and inhibiting the master iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. Humans with b-thalassemia and other forms of ineffective erythropoiesis produce very high levels of ERFE. To define the contribution of excessive ERFE levels on the severity of b-thalassemia, we generated a "humanized" mouse model of b-thalassemia by crossing mice overexpressing ERFE with Th3/+ mice, a b-thalassemia mouse model that does not expresses high levels of ERFE. We found that elevated ERFE levels impair pup survival in a mouse model of b-thalassemia during early life and greatly increase iron loading in the context of ineffective erythropoiesis. These findings suggest that targeting ERFE in [Beta]-thalassemia should be further studied for potential therapeutic applications. In conclusion, we have examined the effect of iron overload and deficiency as well as the role of iron regulators and transporters on lung iron homeostasis and pathologies. Using various mouse models, we have characterized the effects of iron during ALI, pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary vascular disease, the role of ZIP8 in iron pathophysiology, and the role of ERFE in [Beta]-thalassemia
Book Synopsis The Role of Iron in Bacterial Pathogenesis by : Susu M Zughaier
Download or read book The Role of Iron in Bacterial Pathogenesis written by Susu M Zughaier and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-12-27 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The collection of articles published in this eBook represent different facets of the interactions between pathogens and their host concerning the battle for iron. Pathogens have developed different strategies to acquire iron from their host. These include the production of siderophores, heme acquisition and ferrous iron uptake.
Download or read book Iron Metabolism written by Franz Gross and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Symposia sponsored by ClBA Basle have been held once a year since 1959 in various European countries. In con trast to the many scientific meetings organised by the ClBA FOUN DATION either at its headquarters in London or occasionally abroad, the subjects dealt with at these International Symposia have con cerned problems more directly related to ClBA'S own research work in the pharmaceutical field. The various topics covered up to the present reflect the far-reaching interests and the wide spread activities that a pharmaceutical enterprise develops in quite diverse fields of chemical, biological, and medical research, and to which the ba.sic approach is an increasingly important prerequisite for the development of a new and useful therapeutic agent. Iron metabolism came into the sphere of interest in connection with CIBA'S research on antibiotics and related natural products containing iron, substances which act in their metal-free form as strong and specific chelating agents. Of course, these observations, interesting though they are, would not in themselves have justi fied a symposium. It seemed, however, useful to examine the new results from a wider perspective and to attempt to relate them to present-day knowledge of iron metabolism in general its physiology, its pathology, and therapeutic aspects. The success of a scientific symposium depends on the concep tion of the programme and the selection of the participants.
Book Synopsis Disorders of Hemoglobin by : Martin H. Steinberg
Download or read book Disorders of Hemoglobin written by Martin H. Steinberg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-17 with total page 883 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely revised new edition of the definitive reference on disorders of hemoglobin.
Book Synopsis Iron Metabolism by : Robert Crichton
Download or read book Iron Metabolism written by Robert Crichton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-02-25 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iron is of fundamental importance to the growth, development and well-being of almost all living organisms. Multiple biological systems have evolved for the uptake, utilisation, storage, and homeostasis of iron in microbes, plants and mammals. Both iron deficiency and iron overload are found extensively in humans; the intimate links between iron and oxidative stress are associated with a wide range of pathologies. Iron has a well established role in infections by a range of microorganisms and parasites. Other metals such as copper and zinc are also closely linked with iron metabolism. Iron overloads and deficiencies are important factors in the health of humans and are therefore a key target in drug development. Iron Metabolism: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Consequences, 3rd Edition presents a comprehensive overview of this important field.Topics covered include: Solution chemistry of iron in biological media The importance of iron for biological systems Microbial iron transport and metabolism Iron uptake by plants and fungi Cellular iron uptake and export in mammals Intracellular iron storage and biomineralization Intracellular iron metabolism and cellular iron homeostasis Iron absorption in mammals, with particular reference to man, and regulation of systemic iron balance Pathophysiology of iron deficiency and iron overload in man Iron and oxidative stress Brain iron homeostasis and its perturbation in various neurodegenerative diseases Interactions between iron and other metals Written in a lively style by one of the leaders in the field and presented in full colour, this third, expanded edition of Iron Metabolism has been fully updated with the latest discoveries. Major additions include recent information on mitochondrial iron metabolism and the role of frataxin; transcriptional control of iron homeostasis; orally active iron chelators; the roles of hepcidin and erythropoietin; the increasing number of types of iron overload; and the importance of iron in Alzheimer’s disease. Iron Metabolism is essential reading for researchers and students in biochemistry, molecular biology, microbiology, cell biology, nutrition and the medical sciences. It will also find space on the bookshelves of bioinorganic chemists with an interest in iron metabolism, health professionals with an interest in diseases of iron metabolism, and pharmacologists in the pharmaceutical industry interested in developing novel iron-binding drugs.
Book Synopsis Essentials of Blood Product Management in Anesthesia Practice by : Corey S. Scher
Download or read book Essentials of Blood Product Management in Anesthesia Practice written by Corey S. Scher and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-12 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book is written to inform and improve outcomes of patients in need of blood management during surgical procedures. Information is presented in an accessible format, allowing for immediate use in clinical practice. Beginning with an overview of the history of blood transfusions, early chapters present the foundational information needed to comprehend information in later chapters. Nuanced procedures, drugs, and techniques are covered, including new biologicals to assist clotting and blood substitutes. Further discussions focus on potential complications seen in blood transfusions, such as diseases of the coagulation system, pathogen transmissions, and acute lung injuries. Chapters also examine the complexities of treating specific demographics, of which include the geriatric patient and patients suffering from substance abuse. Essentials of Blood Product Management in Anesthesia Practice is an invaluable guide for anesthesiologists, surgeons, trauma physicians, and solid organ transplant providers.
Book Synopsis Transfusion Medicine and Hemostasis by : Beth H. Shaz
Download or read book Transfusion Medicine and Hemostasis written by Beth H. Shaz and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 1015 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostasis continues to be the only "pocket-size" quick reference for pathology residents and transfusion medicine fellows. It covers all topics in blood banking, transfusion medicine, and clinical and laboratory based coagulation. Short, focused chapters, organized by multiple hierarchical headings, are supplemented with up to 10 suggested reading citations. This single reference covers essentially all the topics required to meet the goals and objectives of a major program in transfusion medicine and clinical coagulation. New chapters in the coagulation testing section reflect the development of new tests available and their incorporation into clinical practice. Coverage includes essential updates on the importance of new cellular therapies, peripheral blood and bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells, as well as cord blood banking and regenerative medicine. The authors also examine advances in the understanding of molecular testing and pathogen reduction in two separate quality control chapters (one for blood centers and one for hospitals). Updated content covers new coagulation tests, cellular therapies, and quality control issues Easy to use, with focused, well-defined chapters in a standardized format throughout Offers quick "cross-reference" lists at the end of each chapter Includes lists of common abbreviations and indexes that cross reference diagnostic, clinical and therapeutic commonalities
Book Synopsis Current Issues in Sports and Exercise Medicine by : Michael Hamlin
Download or read book Current Issues in Sports and Exercise Medicine written by Michael Hamlin and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-05-15 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique resource presents current issues in sports and exercise medicine which outlines new areas of knowledge and provides updates on current knowledge in the broad field of sports and exercise medicine. Written by experts in their own sub-disciplines, Current Issues in Sports and Exercise Medicine discusses the physiology behind sports injuries and presents new and exciting approaches to manage such injuries. In addition, the book explores the relationship between exercise, health and performance by providing new information in areas such as exercise and immunity, the use of iron supplementation for performance, how exercise affects reactive oxygen species, and the proposed benefits of real and simulated altitude training. This book is well referenced and illustrated and will be a valuable resource for sports medicine specialists, physiologists, coaches, physical conditioners, physiotherapists and graduate and medical school students.
Book Synopsis Physician's Guide to the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Follow-Up of Inherited Metabolic Diseases by : Nenad Blau
Download or read book Physician's Guide to the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Follow-Up of Inherited Metabolic Diseases written by Nenad Blau and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, combining and updating two previous editions, is a unique source of information on the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of metabolic diseases. The clinical and laboratory data characteristic of rare metabolic conditions can be bewildering for both clinicians and laboratory personnel. Reference laboratory data are scattered, and clinical descriptions may be obscure. The Physician’s Guide documents the features of more than five hundred conditions, grouped according to type of disorder, organ system affected (e.g. liver, kidney, etc) or phenotype (e.g. neurological, hepatic, etc). Relevant clinical findings are provided and pathological values for diagnostic metabolites highlighted. Guidance on appropriate biochemical genetic testing is provided. Established experimental therapeutic protocols are described, with recommendations on follow-up and monitoring. The authors are acknowledged experts, and the book will be a valuable desk reference for all who deal with inherited metabolic diseases.
Book Synopsis Anemia in the Elderly by : Lodovico Balducci
Download or read book Anemia in the Elderly written by Lodovico Balducci and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-04 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anemia in the elderly has been properly defined as the silent epidemic, representing 3 million people in the United States aged 65 years and older. Incidence and prevalence of this condition increase with age. It differs in its etiology, pathogenesis and treatment from anemia in children and younger adults. Anemia is associated with reduced survival, increased risk of functional dependence and hospitalization, increased risk of congestive heart failure and stage renal disease and cognitive disorders. Approximately 70% of anemia in older individuals is reversible.
Book Synopsis Iron Deficiency Anemia by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Iron Deficiency Anemia written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes information related to public health measures on the prevention, detection, and management of iron deficiency anemia. It presents draft guidelines and recommendations related to this area, as applicable in primary health care and public health clinic settings, and it formulates recommendations for research. This volume is intended both to provide a common frame of reference for health professionals in preventing and treating iron deficiency anemia and to enable the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to prepare national guidelines and recommendations for the prevention and control of iron deficiency anemia.
