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Author : Alfred Erich Senn
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Great Powers, Lithuania and the Vilna Question 1920-1928 written by Alfred Erich Senn and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alfred Erich Senn
Publisher : Brill Archive
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book The Great Powers lithuania and the Vilna Question, 1920-1928 written by Alfred Erich Senn and published by Brill Archive. This book was released on 1966 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Charlotte Alston
Publisher : Haus Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1907822224
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (78 download)
Download or read book Piip, Meierovics & Voldemaras written by Charlotte Alston and published by Haus Publishing. This book was released on 2011-04-26 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conflict on the borders of the Russian 'Empire', whatever the complexion of the government controlling it, has been a constant feature of the past 90 years, most recently with Russia's brief war with Georgia in August 2008. In 1919, as the smaller nations on Russia's borders sought self-determination while the Civil War raged between the Whites and the Bolsheviks, the Paris Peace Conference struggled with a situation complicated by mutually exclusive aims. The Baltic States of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia were seen by both the Russians and the Western Allies as a protective buffer for their own territory, which led to the curious situation that the Peace Conference requested German troops to remain temporarily in the Baltic territory they had occupied during the First World War to block the westward spread of the Bolshevik Revolution. The ongoing civil war in Russia further complicated the issue, because if the Whites should win and restore the 'legitimate' Russian government, the Peace Conference could not divide up the territory of a power that had been one of the original members of the Entente. The US politician Herbert Hoover described Russia as 'Banquo's ghost' at the Paris Peace Conference, an invisible but influential presence, and nowhere can this be more clearly seen than in the deliberations over the Baltic States.
Author : W. Raymond Duncan
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429715935
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (297 download)
Download or read book Ethnic Nationalism And Regional Conflict written by W. Raymond Duncan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-09 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines ethnic conflicts of the former Soviet Union to indicate how turbulent the world has become in the post-Cold War era-and how difficult it has been to craft western security policies to address the turmoil. The author hopes to stimulate new thinking about international security.
Author : Violeta Davoliūtė
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134693516
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (346 download)
Download or read book The Making and Breaking of Soviet Lithuania written by Violeta Davoliūtė and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-03 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Appearing on the world stage in 1918, Lithuania suffered numerous invasions, border changes and large scale population displacements.The successive occupations of Stalin in 1940 and Hitler in 1941, mass deportations to the Gulag and the elimination of the Jewish community in the Holocaust gave the horrors of World War II a special ferocity. Moreover, the fighting continued after 1945 with the anti-Soviet insurrection, crushed through mass deportations and forced collectivization in 1948-1951. At no point, however, did the process of national consolidation take a pause, making Lithuania an improbably representative case study of successful nation-building in this troubled region. As postwar reconstruction gained pace, ethnic Lithuanians from the countryside – the only community to remain after the war in significant numbers – were mobilized to work in the cities. They streamed into factory and university alike, creating a modern urban society, with new elites who had a surprising degree of freedom to promote national culture. This book describes how the national cultural elites constructed a Soviet Lithuanian identity against a backdrop of forced modernization in the fifties and sixties, and how they subsequently took it apart by evoking the memory of traumatic displacement in the seventies and eighties, later emerging as prominent leaders of the popular movement against Soviet rule.
Author : Zenonas Norkus
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031394968
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)
Download or read book Post-Communist Transformations in Baltic Countries written by Zenonas Norkus and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-12-23 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open access book provides a survey of the economic, health, and somatic progress of Baltic countries during the period 1918–2018, framed by the outline of the historical-sociological theory of modern social restorations, as originally conceived by the Austrian-American comparative historian Robert A. Kann. The author reworks Kann's theory to analyse post-communist transformations in the Baltic region. The book argues that the purpose of modern social restorations is to make restoration societies safe against a recurrence of revolution. There were two waves of modern social restorations: post-Napoleonic and post-communist. Most post-Napoleonic restorations were brief, because they failed to economically and socially outperform the pre-revolutionary and post-revolutionary systems. It considers Baltic restorations as laboratory cases of second-wave modern social restorations, because they encompass a triple restoration of the nation-state, capitalism, and democracy. The book assesses the performance success of Baltic restorations by comparing economic and social progress of Baltic countries during the periods of original independence (1918–1940), foreign-imposed state socialism (1940–1990), and restored independence (since 1990). It then elaborates the criteria to assess the ultimate performance success of these restorations by 2040, when restored Baltic states may endure longer than their ancestors in 1918–1940 and the complete foreign occupations era (1940–1990). The author, an expert in historical sociology, uses extensive historical-statistical data in cross-time comparisons to develop his analysis and create future projections. This book is of wide interest to sociologists, social demographers, political scientists, and economists studying the Baltic region. This is an open access book.
Author : John Hiden
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134197292
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (341 download)
Download or read book The Baltic Question during the Cold War written by John Hiden and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-03-07 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume presents a comprehensive analysis of the ‘Baltic question’, which arose within the context of the Cold War, and which has previously received little attention. This volume brings together a group of international specialists on the international history of northern Europe. It combines country-based chapters with more thematic approaches, highlighting above all the political dimension of the Baltic question, locating it firmly in the context of international politics. It explores the policy decision-making mechanisms which sustained the Western non-recognition of Soviet sovereignty over the Baltic States after 1940 and which eventually led to the legal restoration of the three countries’ statehood in 1991. The wider international ramifications of this doctrine of legal continuity are also examined, within the context both of the Cold War and of relations between post-soviet Russia and the enlarging ‘Euro-Atlantic area’. The book ends with an examination of how this Cold War legacy continues to shape relations between Russia and the West.
Author : Jorg Hackmann
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317989635
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)
Download or read book Contested and Shared Places of Memory written by Jorg Hackmann and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Baltic–Russian debates on the past have become a hot spot of European memory politics. Violent protests and international tensions accompanying the removal of the "Bronze Soldier" monument, which commemorated the Soviet liberation of Tallinn in 1944, from the city centre in April 2007 have demonstrated the political impact that contested sites of memory may still reveal. In this publication, collective memories that are related to major traits of the 20th century in North Eastern Europe – the Holocaust, Nazi and Soviet occupation and (re-)emerging nationalisms – are examined through a prism of different approaches. They comprise reflections on national templates of collective memory, the political use of history, cultural and political aspects of war memorials, and recent discourses on the Holocaust. Furthermore, places of memory in architecture and urbanism are addressed and lead to the question of which prospects common, trans-national forms of memory may unfold. After decades of frozen forms of commemoration under Soviet hegemony, the Baltic case offers an interesting insight into collective memory and history politics and their linkage to current political and inter-ethnic relationships. The past seems to be remembered differently in the European peripheries than it is in its centre. Europe is diverse and so are its memories. This book was published as a special issue of the Journal of Baltic Studies.
Author : Tomas Balkelis
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191644854
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)
Download or read book War, Revolution, and Nation-Making in Lithuania, 1914-1923 written by Tomas Balkelis and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-03-02 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Tomas Balkelis explores how the Lithuanian state was created and shaped by the Great War from its onset in 1914 to the last waves of violence in 1923. As the very notion of independent Lithuania was constructed during the war, violence is seen as an essential part of the formation of Lithuanian state, nation, and identity. War was much more than simply the historical context in which the tectonic shift from empire to nation-state took place. It transformed people, policies, institutions, and modes of thought in ways that would continue to shape the nation for decades after the conflict subsided. In telling the story of the post-WWI conflict in Lithuania, War, Revolution, and Nation-Making in Lithuania, 1914-1923 focuses on the soldiers and civilians involved in the conflict, rather than the strategies and acts of politicians, generals, or diplomats. The volume's two main themes are the impact of military, social, and cultural mobilizations on the local population, and different types of violence that were so characteristic of the region throughout the period. The actors in this story are people displaced by war and mobilized for war: refugees, veterans, volunteers, peasant conscripts, POWs, paramilitary fighters, and others who took to guns, not diplomacy, to assert their power. This is the story of how their lives were changed by war and how they shaped the society that emerged after war.
Author : Ethan Kleinberg
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501731645
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)
Download or read book Generation Existential written by Ethan Kleinberg and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When we think of Heidegger's influence in France, we tend to focus on such contemporary thinkers as Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault, and Jean-François Lyotard. In Generation Existential, Ethan Kleinberg shifts the focus to the initial reception of Heidegger's philosophy in France by those who first encountered it. Kleinberg explains the appeal of Heidegger's philosophy to French thinkers, as well as the ways they incorporated and expanded on it in their own work through the interwar, Second World War, and early postwar periods. In so doing, Kleinberg offers new insights into intellectual figures whose influence on modern French philosophy has been enormous, including some whose thought remains under-explored outside France. Among Kleinberg's "generation existential" are Jean Beaufret, the only member of the group whom one could characterize as "a Heideggerian"; Maurice Blanchot; Alexandre Kojéve; Emmanuel Levinas; and Jean-Paul Sartre. In showing how each of these figures engaged with Heidegger, Kleinberg helps us to understand how the philosophy of this right-wing thinker had such a profound influence on intellectuals of the left. Furthermore, Kleinberg maintains that our view of Heidegger's influence on contemporary thought is contingent on our comprehension of the ways in which his philosophy was initially understood, translated, and incorporated into the French philosophical canon by this earlier generation.
Author : Stephanie Salzmann
Publisher : Boydell & Brewer
ISBN 13 : 0861932609
Total Pages : 213 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (619 download)
Download or read book Great Britain, Germany, and the Soviet Union written by Stephanie Salzmann and published by Boydell & Brewer. This book was released on 2003 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The treaty of Rapallo, concluded in 1922 between Germany and the Soviet Union, the two vanquished powers of the Great War, ranks high among the diplomatic coups de surprise of the twentieth century. Its real importance, however, lies in the repercussions of the alliance on the subsequent policies of the two victorious powers, Britain and France. This study examines the impact of Rapallo on British foreign policy between 1922 and 1934, when the German-Soviet relationship had virtually ended. The "ghost of Rapallo" is the central theme of this story, as ever since the treaty's conclusion Rapallo has been a byword for Soviet-German secret and potentially dangerous collaboration. This book describes how the British viewed the Rapallo co-operation, how they dealt with this special relationship, and how the lingering memory of Rapallo affected British policy for decades to come. While examining a particular aspect of international relations it throws additional light on broader topics of European relations in the 1920s and early 1930s. Dr STEPHANIE SALZMANN completed her PhD at Trinity Hall, Cambridge.
Author : Giuseppe Motta
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443858595
Total Pages : 647 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)
Download or read book Less than Nations written by Giuseppe Motta and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-03-25 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Less than Nations: Central-Eastern European Minorities after WWI represents the result of research that the author has carried over recent years, and was facilitated by the 2008 PRIN project (Programmi di Ricerca di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale) and the 2010 Sapienza Research funds. The book analyses the conditions of national minorities after World War I, when the geo-political map of Central-Eastern Europe was redefined by international diplomacy. The new settlements were based on the principle of national self-determination and were conditioned by the geographic reality of Central-Eastern Europe, where states and nations rarely coincided. As a consequence, the minority question emerged as one of the most troublesome issues during the interwar period, and affected international relations and the internal conditions of many states. The minority question was discussed by historiography and by international observers, and became an integral part of the system which was centred around the League of Nations. This work begins with the study of the relationships between the states and their minorities, and of the international dimension of this question, which animated the fight between revisionist and anti-revisionist states. The documents of the Italian Army’s General Staff and of the League of Nations represent the main historical sources of this book, which carries out a complete study of the difficult situation of 1918–1920, when the new states annexed many “contested regions” within their frontiers, and of the numerous controversies concerning the application of international treaties and national regulations in relation to the protection of minorities. The second volume of the book analyses some special aspects of this question and focuses on the interpretation of some particular cases, which had an outstanding role in the definition of the international framework. The massacres of the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire and of the Jews in Eastern Europe, for example, alarmed the international community and contributed to the 1919 “emergency” of minority rights. The role of Kin States such as Germany and Hungary, instead, characterized the entire interwar period and conditioned the stability of Europe and the League of Nations. Finally, special cases like those of Slovakia and Bosnia are also helpful in understanding the ideas of nation and minority, and how conceptualisations of the latter have changed throughout the last century.
Author : Erik Goldstein
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135756430
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (357 download)
Download or read book Power and Stability written by Erik Goldstein and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-06-01 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pursuit of stability drove British foreign policy even before 1865. These papers assess the implications of such a policy during the following 100 years when Britain slid from being the only global power to a regional European state.
Author : Thomas Lane
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134499353
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (344 download)
Download or read book Lithuania written by Thomas Lane and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-08 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lithuania restored her independence, after half a century of Soviet occupation, in the immediate aftermath of the failed Moscow coup in August 1991. As the multi-national Soviet state disintegrated, Lithuania evolved, without war or violence, from a communist state and a command economy to a liberal democracy, a free market, and a society guaranteeing human and minority rights. Lithuania therefore offers a notable example of peaceful transition, all the more impressive in the light of the bloody conflict elsewhere in the former Soviet Union of Yugoslavia, where the aspirations to independence of the constituent republics were either violently resisted or dissolved into inter-ethnic violence. Equally remarkable has been Lithuania's determination to 'return to Europe' after half a century of separation, even at the price of submerging its recently restored sovereign rights in the supranational European Union. The cost of membership in western economic and security organizations are judged to be worth paying to prevent Lithuania's being drawn once again into a putative Russian sphere of influence. On the threshold of a new millennium therefore, Lithuania has made a pragmatic accommodation to the demands of becoming a modern European state, whilst vigorously resisting the dilution of her rich cultural and historical traditions. These twin themes of accommodation and resistance are Lithuania's historical legacy to the current generations of Lithuanians as they integrate into European institutions and continue the modernization process.
Download or read book Acta Historica Tallinnensia written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jerzy Borzecki
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300145012
Total Pages : 418 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)
Download or read book The Soviet-Polish Peace of 1921 and the Creation of Interwar Europe written by Jerzy Borzecki and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2008-10-01 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Riga peace of 1921 ended the Soviet-Polish war and is sometimes considered the most important Eastern European peace treaty of the inter-war period. This book offers an account of how the two sides came to sign the treaty - a pact that established a boundary with a measure of stability that would last untill 1939.
Author : Andres Kasekamp
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350307289
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (53 download)
Download or read book A History of the Baltic States written by Andres Kasekamp and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-10-26 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this key textbook, Andres Kasekamp masterfully traces the development of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, from the northern crusades against Europe's last pagans and Lithuania's rise to become one of medieval Europe's largest states, to their incorporation into the Russian Empire and the creation of their modern national identities. Employing a comparative approach, a particular emphasis is placed upon the last one hundred years, during which the Baltic states achieved independence, endured occupation by the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany, and transformed themselves into members of the European Union. This is an essential textbook for undergraduate students taking modules on Eastern or Central European History, Communism and Post-Communism, the Soviet Union, or Baltic Culture and Politics. Engaging and accessible, this is also an ideal introduction to the Baltic States for general readers.
