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The Global Peace Operations Initiative Background And Issues For Congress
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Book Synopsis Global Peace Operations Initiative by : Nina M. Serafino
Download or read book Global Peace Operations Initiative written by Nina M. Serafino and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Global Peace Oper. Initiative (GPOI) was established in mid-2004 as a 5-year program with intended annual funding to total $660 million from FY 2005 through F Y2009. GPOI¿s primary purpose has been to train and equip 75,000 military troops, a majority of them African, for peacekeeping operations by 2010. Contents of this report: (1) Introduction; (2) Background; (3) GPOI Purposes and Activities: Demand for Peacekeepers; Need for Gendarme Forces; U.S. Peacekeeping Training and Assistance, Pre-GPOI, in Sub-Saharan Africa; Transition to GPOI Training and Assistance in Sub-Saharan Africa; Develop. of a ¿Beyond Africa¿ Program; Foreign Contributions to Peacekeeping Capacity Building; (4) Admin. Funding Requests and Congress. Action.
Book Synopsis The Global Peace Operations Initiative by : Nina M. Serafino
Download or read book The Global Peace Operations Initiative written by Nina M. Serafino and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bush Administration has requested $95.2 million in FY2008 funds for the Global Peace Operations Initiative (GPOI), a multilateral, five-year program with planned U.S. contributions of some $660 million from FY2005 through FY2009. Its primary purpose is to train and equip 75,000 military troops, a majority of them African, for peacekeeping operations by 2010. GPOI also provides support for the Center of Excellence for Stability Police Units (CoESPU), an Italian training center for gendarme (constabulary police) forces in Vicenza, Italy. In addition, GPOI is promoting the development of an international transportation and logistics support system for peacekeepers, and is encouraging an information exchange to improve international coordination of peace operations training and exercises in Africa. In June 2004, G8 leaders pledged to support the goals of the initiative. Congress has tended to view the concept of the GPOI program favorably, but the 109th Congress balked at providing funding for a number of reasons: a lack of a strategic plan and evaluation program, perceived laxness in management, and a sense of a less than full commitment to the program by State Department, among others. The State Department has taken some steps to remedy these perceived shortcomings. Other issues may prove most salient in the 110th Congress (particularly whether GPOI funds should be provided for future support for CoESPU, whether the GPOI program is meeting its goals, and whether GPOI is too Africa-centric).
Book Synopsis The Global Peace Operations Initiative: Background and Issues for Congress by :
Download or read book The Global Peace Operations Initiative: Background and Issues for Congress written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Administration developed the Global Peace Operations Initiative (GPOI) as a multilateral, five-year program with U.S. contributions of some $660 million from FY05 through FY09. Its primary purpose is to train and equip 75,000 military troops, a majority of them African, for peacekeeping operations by 2010. GPOI is supporting an Italian training center for gendarme (constabulary police) forces in Vicenza, Italy, scheduled to open in the fall of 2005. GPOI will also promote the development of an international transportation and logistics support system for peacekeepers, and is encouraging an information exchange to improve international coordination of peace operations training and exercises in Africa. In June 2004, G8 leaders pledged to support the goals of the initiative. GPOI incorporates previous capabilities-building programs. From FY1997-FY2005, the United States spent just over $121 million on GPOI's predecessor program that was funded through the State Department Peacekeeping (PKO) account (the Clinton Administration's African Crisis Response Initiative, i.e., ACRI and its successor, the Bush Administrations's African Crisis Operations Training i.e., ACOTA). Through ACRI/ACOTA, the United States trained some 16,000 troops (and is currently training another 1,000) from nine African nations- Benin, Botswana, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique and Senegal. Another $33 million was provided from FY1998-FY2005 to support classroom training of 31 foreign militaries through the Foreign Military Financing account's Enhanced International Peacekeeping Capabilities program (EIPC). In its last days, the 108th Cong. appropriated just over $100 million in FY05 funding the GPOI programs. The bulk of this funding was contained in Section 117 of Division J("Other Matters") of the Consolidated Appropriations Act for FY05 (H.R. 4818/P.L.108-447). This section provided authority for transfer of up to $80 mil. from DoD to the State Dept. PKO account.
Book Synopsis Global Peace Operations Initiative by : Nina M. Serafino
Download or read book Global Peace Operations Initiative written by Nina M. Serafino and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: (1) Introduction: Purposes and Goal; Achievements to Date; Funding to Date; (2) Background; (3) Global Peace Operations Initiative (GPOI) Purposes and Activities: GPOI Goals and Needs; Demand for Peacekeepers; Need for Gendarme-Constabulary Forces; U.S. Peacekeeping Training and Assistance in Sub-Saharan Africa; The Transition to GPOI Training and Assistance in Sub-Saharan Africa; Development of a ¿Beyond Africa¿ Program; Western Hemisphere; Asia/South Asia/Pacific Islands; Greater Europe (Europe and Eurasia); Middle East; Foreign Contributions to Peacekeeping Capacity Building; Italian Center of Excellence for Stability Police Units; (4) Administration Funding Requests and Congressional Action, Illus.
Book Synopsis United Nations Peacekeeping by : Marjorie Ann Browne
Download or read book United Nations Peacekeeping written by Marjorie Ann Browne and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report tracks the process by which Congress provides the funding for U.S. assessed contributions to the regular budgets of the United Nations, its agencies, and U.N. peacekeeping operation accounts, as well as for U.S. voluntary contributions to U.N. system programs and funds.
Book Synopsis United Nations System Funding by : Marjorie Ann Browne
Download or read book United Nations System Funding written by Marjorie Ann Browne and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The debate over U.N. funding focuses on several questions, including: (1) What is the appropriate level of U.S. funding for U.N. system operations and programs? (2) What U.S. funding actions are most likely to produce a positive continuation of U.N. system reform efforts? For more than 60 years, the U.S. has been the single largest financial contributor to the U.N. system, supplying in recent years 22% of most U.N. agency budgets. This report tracks the process by which Congress provides the funding for U.S. assessed contributions to the regular budgets of the U.N, its agencies, and U.N. peacekeeping operations, as well for U.S. voluntary contributions to U.N. system programs and funds. Basic info. is provided to help the reader understand this process. Illus.
Book Synopsis Peacekeeping and Related Stability Operations: Issues of U.S. Military Involvement by : Nina M. Serafino
Download or read book Peacekeeping and Related Stability Operations: Issues of U.S. Military Involvement written by Nina M. Serafino and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 110th Congress may well face several decisions regarding the preparation of U.S. military forces for stability missions, a major subset of which is peace operations. A November 28, 2005, Department of Defense (DOD) directive that designates stability operations as "core missions" of the U.S. military marks a major shift in attitudes regarding peacekeeping and related stability operations (also known as stabilization and reconstruction operations). Since then, DOD has worked to define specific changes that must be made to better accomplish such missions, some of which the U.S. military could implement on its own, while others would require Congressional approval. For well over a decade, some Members of Congress expressed reservations about U.S. military involvement in peacekeeping operations. The Bush Administration initially opposed such missions and took steps to reduce the commitment of U.S. troops to international peacekeeping. This action reflected a major concern of the 1990s: that peacekeeping duties had overtaxed the shrinking U.S. military force and were detrimental to military "readiness" (i.e., the ability of U.S. troops to defend the nation). Many perceived these tasks as an inefficient use of U.S. forces, better left to other nations while the U.S. military concentrated on operations requiring high-intensity combat skills. Others thought that the United States should adjust force size and structure to accommodate the missions.
Book Synopsis Peacekeeping and Related Stability Operations by : Nina M. Serafino
Download or read book Peacekeeping and Related Stability Operations written by Nina M. Serafino and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2005 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most crucial and difficult tasks in peacekeeping and related stability operations is creating a secure and stable environment, both for the foreign peacekeepers and for the indigenous population. During the past decade, the United States and the international community have tried various approaches to providing that security. Most of these approaches have included the use of United Nations International Civilian Police (UNCIVPOL), whose forces are contributed on a case by case basis by UN member states. (While other countries usually contribute police personnel from their own national forces, the United States contracts those it contributes through a private corporation). In a few cases, such as Afghanistan and Iraq at this time, coalition and US military forces, and not the United Nation, train and work with indigenous police forces to provide security. This book presents an up-to-date evaluation of current issues in peacekeeping.
Book Synopsis Peacekeeping and Stability Issues by : Keith D. Gerbick
Download or read book Peacekeeping and Stability Issues written by Keith D. Gerbick and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the international political climate grows increasingly volatile, peacekeeping operations have become a mainstay in troubled regions. The alternative to military occupation is either to train indigenous police forces or to hire security corporations. Policy makers are worried that these forces are not capable of maintaining peace. In addition, moral and legal issues are factors for policy makers that are debating the extent to which peacekeeping forces should be allowed to infiltrate societies in turmoil. Other issues of concern that this book examines are the United States relationship with the U.N. and the World Bank as all three pursue their different responsibilities in peacekeeping.
Book Synopsis Exporting Security by : Derek S. Reveron
Download or read book Exporting Security written by Derek S. Reveron and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2016-07-23 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thoroughly updated second edition, Derek S. Reveron provides a comprehensive analysis of the shift in US foreign policy from coercive diplomacy to cooperative military engagement. The US military does much more than fight wars; it responds to humanitarian crises and natural disasters, assists advanced militaries to support international peace, and trains and equips almost every military in the world. Rather than intervening directly, the United States can respond to crises by sending weapons, trainers, and advisers to assist other countries in tackling their own security deficits created by subnational, transnational, and regional challengers. By doing so, the United States seeks to promote partnerships and its soft power, strengthen the state sovereignty system, prevent localized violence from escalating into regional crises, and protect its national security by addressing underlying conditions that lead to war. Since coalition warfare is the norm, security cooperation also ensures partners are interoperable with US forces when the US leads international military coalitions. Exporting Security takes into account the Obama administration's foreign policy, the implications of more assertive foreign policies by Russia and China, and the US military's role in recent humanitarian crises and nation-building efforts.
Book Synopsis Peacekeeping in Africa by : Oliver Furley
Download or read book Peacekeeping in Africa written by Oliver Furley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1998, Peacekeeping in Africa was written to help make up the shortfall in the number of books that concentrated specifically on peacekeeping in Africa. The book covers the main peacekeeping operations of Africa, and provides a wealth of background material. In doing so, it explores the policies and actions of the international organisations concerned and the participating African states. It also considers the impact of sub-regional powers and the role of the USA, Britain, and France. Comprising three parts, Peacekeeping in Africa examines world perspectives, case studies, and wider issues surrounding Africa’s peacekeeping operations.
Book Synopsis The Use of Force in UN Peace Operations by : Trevor Findlay
Download or read book The Use of Force in UN Peace Operations written by Trevor Findlay and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2002 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most vexing issues that has faced the international community since the end of the Cold War has been the use of force by the United Nations peacekeeping forces. UN intervention in civil wars, as in Somalia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Rwanda, has thrown into stark relief the difficulty of peacekeepers operating in situations where consent to their presence and activities is fragile or incomplete and where there is little peace to keep. Complex questions arise in these circumstances. When and how should peacekeepers use force to protect themselves, to protect their mission, or, most troublingly, to ensure compliance by recalcitrant parties with peace accords? Is a peace enforcement role for peacekeepers possible or is this simply war by another name? Is there a grey zone between peacekeeping and peace enforcement? Trevor Findlay reveals the history of the use of force by UN peacekeepers from Sinai in the 1950s to Haiti in the 1990s. He untangles the arguments about the use of force in peace operations and sets these within the broader context of military doctrine and practice. Drawing on these insights the author examines proposals for future conduct of UN operations, including the formulation of UN peacekeeping doctrine and the establishment of a UN rapid reaction force.
Book Synopsis U.S. Peacefare by : Dane F. Smith Jr.
Download or read book U.S. Peacefare written by Dane F. Smith Jr. and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2010-02-26 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a survey of the U.S. civilian and military agencies responsible for postconflict reconstruction and peace-building around the world and how these agencies function in the interagency process. U.S. Peacefare: Organizing American Peace-Building Operations surveys the evolution of the American peace-building apparatus during the presidencies of Bill Clinton and George W. Bush, with an emphasis on changes since 2003, when the invasion of Iraq led the Bush Administration to adopt a Clinton-style nation-building approach they had previously vigorously opposed. U.S. Peacefare begins with a historical overview of official U.S. peace-building, then looks at the organization and interaction of the major federal agencies in the National Security Council, the State Department, and the Defense Department, as well the U.S. Institute for Peace, and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Throughout, author and former Ambassador Dane Smith emphasizes how a deeper understanding of peace-building organizations and their interactions in particular cases is essential to strengthening future U.S. conflict management. The book addresses the critical overall issue of how peace-building is funded, but within the federal budget and internationally, and concludes with Smith's recommendations for reforming those organizations.
Book Synopsis African security in the twenty-first century by : Stephen Emerson
Download or read book African security in the twenty-first century written by Stephen Emerson and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-24 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores and analyses the evolving African security paradigm in light of the multitude of diverse threats and challenges facing the continent and the international community. It challenges current thinking and traditional security constructs as woefully inadequate to meet the real security needs of African governments and their 1 billion plus citizens in an increasingly globalised and interdependent world. Through the lens of human security the authors’ examine the continent’s most pressing security challenges—from identity conflict and failing states to terrorism, disease, and environmental degradation—and in doing so provide a comprehensive look at the complexities of building peace and stability in modern-day Africa. Not only does the book critically assess the state of progress in addressing security challenges, but it presents new strategies and tools for more effectively engaging Africans and the global community in their common search for solutions.
Book Synopsis Providing Peacekeepers by : Alex J. Bellamy
Download or read book Providing Peacekeepers written by Alex J. Bellamy and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-28 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing Peacekeepers analyzes the factors which encourage (or discourage) states from contributing their soldiers to serve in United Nations peacekeeping operations. It focuses on the UN's experiences during the twenty-first century and does so through four thematic and sixteen case study chapters.
Book Synopsis Oil and Terrorism in the New Gulf by : James J.F. Forest
Download or read book Oil and Terrorism in the New Gulf written by James J.F. Forest and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2006-03-07 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil and Terrorism in the New Gulf examines the national security implications of U.S. energy security policies in the Middle East, and the emerging U.S. involvement in oil exploration and extraction in West Africa. Similar political, social, and economic challenges_poverty, corruption, lack of infrastructure, and weak governments_are seen in the oil-producing states of both the Middle East and Africa. Drawing comparisons between these two regions allows Forest and Sousa to formulate policy recommendations for how to handle foreign policy toward Africa in the future based on lessons learned from past interaction with the Middle East. Oil and Terrorism in the New Gulf promises to inform a lively debate over the future of U.S. foreign policies toward Africa and is a valuable resource for policymakers and the academic community that should be approached in a coherent, integrated fashion to ensure the success of the United State's energy and national security agendas.
Book Synopsis Beyond Preemption by : Ivo H. Daalder
Download or read book Beyond Preemption written by Ivo H. Daalder and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2008-04-01 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America's three most recent wars—in Kosovo, Afghanistan, and Iraq—have raised profound questions about when to use military force, for what purpose, and who should make the decision whether to go to war. These crucial questions have been debated around the world with increasing intensity, and by beginning to provide important answers, Beyond Preemption moves the debate forward in significant ways. During the past three years, the contributors to this volume have engaged in a global dialogue with political officials, military figures and strategists, and international lawyers from around the world on when and how to use force and in what way its use can best be legitimized. They found consensus that the world has changed so dramatically that much of the old way of thinking about when and how to go to use force to deal with new challenges has become largely obsolete. Drawing on these high-level discussions, Ivo Daalder and his colleagues make specific proposals for how to forge a new international consensus on the vexing questions about the use of force, including its preemptive use, to address today's interrelated threats of terrorism, weapons of mass destruction, and humanitarian crises. In Beyond Preemption, the authors also consider the critical matter of how these strategies could be best legitimized and be made palatable to domestic audiences and the international community at large. Contributors include Bruce W. Jentleson (Duke University), Anne E. Kramer (Brookings Institution), Susan E. Rice (Brookings Institution), James B. Steinberg (Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs, University of Texas at Austin).
