The Genetic Diversity of Cacao and Its Utilization

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Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 9781845930240
Total Pages : 418 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis The Genetic Diversity of Cacao and Its Utilization by : B. G. D. Bartley

Download or read book The Genetic Diversity of Cacao and Its Utilization written by B. G. D. Bartley and published by CABI. This book was released on 2005 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cacao (Theobroma cacao) plant is an important Neo-Tropical species whose natural habitat is the Amazon basin. Over the last 30 years there has been a considerable geographical expansion in the availability of cacao genetic resources. As a result the plant has a rich genetic diversity that exists at two levels: that of the primitive populations in the area of original distribution of the species, and that of the derived cultivated populations. This book provides a comprehensive review of our current knowledge of the diversity of the species. It starts by examining the diversity and inheritance of the characteristics of primitive populations in the Amazonian and Caribbean regions. It then looks at the evolution of diversity within cultivated populations first in South America and around the Caribbean, and then beyond the Americas. The book describes the inter-relationships between populations based on morphological and molecular markers. It also examines the conservation of genetic resources and how these genetic resources can be utilized to produce new cultivars.

The Genetic Diversity of Cacao and Its Utilization

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Publisher : CABI Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780851996196
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (961 download)

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Book Synopsis The Genetic Diversity of Cacao and Its Utilization by : Basil G. D. Bartley

Download or read book The Genetic Diversity of Cacao and Its Utilization written by Basil G. D. Bartley and published by CABI Publishing. This book was released on 2005 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Background to the Subject: Concepts and a Brieí History; The Terminology Specific to Cacao; The Indicators oí Variability; The Manifestation oí the Diversity and its Conservation; The Foundations oí the Diversity; The Amazonian Region; The Circum-Caribbean Region; The Cultivated Populations as Secondary Depositories oí the Diversity; South America - Populations Derived from an Amazonian Region Germplasm Base; The Circum-Caribbean Region and Neighbouring Territories - Populations that Evolved from a Criollo Germplasm Base; Cacao Beyond the Americas - the Export oí Diversity to the Old World; The Genetics oí the Diversity; The Relationships among Populations; The Utilization of the Genetic Resources.

Genetic Diversity of Cacao (Theobroma Cacao L.) Populations and Agronomic Traits for Breeding

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (141 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetic Diversity of Cacao (Theobroma Cacao L.) Populations and Agronomic Traits for Breeding by : Helmuth Edisson Nieves Orduña

Download or read book Genetic Diversity of Cacao (Theobroma Cacao L.) Populations and Agronomic Traits for Breeding written by Helmuth Edisson Nieves Orduña and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tropical cacao tree, Theobroma cacao L., is cultivated to produce seeds, the unique raw material for the chocolate industry. Thus, conservation and use of cacao genetic resources in breeding programs are vital for the cacao-chocolate global economy. Wild cacao populations have a wide geographic distribution in their native range along the Amazon basin, but northwestern Amazonia is the hotspot of cacao genetic diversity. From the rich diversity of cacao (at least twelve genetic clusters are identified) the domestication of cacao in South America led to the development of Criollo, whose s...

Genetic Diversity in Plants

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Publisher : IntechOpen
ISBN 13 : 9789535101857
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetic Diversity in Plants by : Mahmut Caliskan

Download or read book Genetic Diversity in Plants written by Mahmut Caliskan and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2012-03-14 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic diversity is of fundamental importance in the continuity of a species as it provides the necessary adaptation to the prevailing biotic and abiotic environmental conditions, and enables change in the genetic composition to cope with changes in the environment. Genetic Diversity in Plants presents chapters revealing the magnitude of genetic variation existing in plant populations. The increasing availability of PCR-based molecular markers allows the detailed analyses and evaluation of genetic diversity in plants and also, the detection of genes influencing economically important traits. The purpose of the book is to provide a glimpse into the dynamic process of genetic variation by presenting the thoughts of scientists who are engaged in the generation of new ideas and techniques employed for the assessment of genetic diversity, often from very different perspectives. The book should prove useful to students, researchers, and experts in the area of conservation biology, genetic diversity, and molecular biology.

Cacao Diseases

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319247891
Total Pages : 633 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Cacao Diseases by : Bryan A. Bailey

Download or read book Cacao Diseases written by Bryan A. Bailey and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-22 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the current state of knowledge concerning cacao pathogens and methods for their management. Topics discussed include the history, biology and genetic diversity of Moniliophthora species (which cause witches’ broom and frosty pod rot) and Phytophthora species (which cause black pod rot) that cause diseases resulting in major losses to cacao production. Emerging pathogens such as Cacao swollen shoot virus and Ceratobasidium theobromae (which causes vascular streak dieback) are also discussed in detail, along with many pathogens of significant local concern. Most of these pathogens represent major risks to global cacao production should they expand into new areas, breaking out of their current limited distributions. By considering cacao diseases as a group, similarities in the available tools and techniques used in their management become apparent, as do their limitations. Gaps in our current knowledge of cacao pathogens and the management of the diseases they cause are detailed, and suggestions for future research directions are provided. This insight allows readers to consider cacao disease threats from a more comprehensive, global perspective and paves the way for an improved synergy of efforts between the various research programs, agencies, and industries, both private and public, with vested interests in cacao production, and cacao farmers.

Genetic Diversity in Plants

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Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535101854
Total Pages : 514 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Genetic Diversity in Plants by : Mahmut Caliskan

Download or read book Genetic Diversity in Plants written by Mahmut Caliskan and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-03-14 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic diversity is of fundamental importance in the continuity of a species as it provides the necessary adaptation to the prevailing biotic and abiotic environmental conditions, and enables change in the genetic composition to cope with changes in the environment. Genetic Diversity in Plants presents chapters revealing the magnitude of genetic variation existing in plant populations. The increasing availability of PCR-based molecular markers allows the detailed analyses and evaluation of genetic diversity in plants and also, the detection of genes influencing economically important traits. The purpose of the book is to provide a glimpse into the dynamic process of genetic variation by presenting the thoughts of scientists who are engaged in the generation of new ideas and techniques employed for the assessment of genetic diversity, often from very different perspectives. The book should prove useful to students, researchers, and experts in the area of conservation biology, genetic diversity, and molecular biology.

Cacao and Its Allies

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Cacao and Its Allies by : José Cuatrecasas

Download or read book Cacao and Its Allies written by José Cuatrecasas and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cash Crops

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030749266
Total Pages : 620 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Cash Crops by : P.M. Priyadarshan

Download or read book Cash Crops written by P.M. Priyadarshan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-18 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cash crops are grown and sold for monetary gain and not necessarily for sustenance. They include coffee, tea, coconut, cotton, jute, groundnut, castor, linseed, cocoa, rubber, cassava, soybean, sweet potato, potato, wheat, corn and teff. While some of these crops have been improved for realizing yield potential, breeding of many of them is still in infancy. Crops that underwent rigorous breeding have eventually lost much of the diversity due to extensive cultivation with a few improved varieties and the diversity in less bred species is to be conserved. Over the past years, scholars and policy makers have become increasingly aware of the short and long-run impact of climatic factors on economic, food security, social and political outcomes . Genetic diversity, natural and induced, is much needed for the future generations to sustain food production with more climate resilient crops. In contrast, crop uniformity produced across the farm fields in the form of improved varieties is genetically vulnerable to biotic and abiotic stresses. Thus, it is essential and challenging to address the issue of compromising between maximizing crop yield under a given set of conditions and minimizing the risk of crop failure when conditions change. Cash crops are grown in an array of climatic conditions. Many of the world’s poor still live in rural areas. Many are subsistence farmers, operating very small farms using very little agricultural inputs for achieving marketable outputs. Conserving the diversity of these crops and addressing all issues of crop culture through modern tools of biotechnology and genomics is a real challenge. We believe the focus of this book is to fill an unmet need of this and other grower communities by providing the necessary knowledge, albeit indirectly via the academics, to manage the risks of cash crops breeding through managing genetic diversity.

Theobroma Cacao: Production, Cultivation and Uses

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Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781536184648
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (846 download)

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Book Synopsis Theobroma Cacao: Production, Cultivation and Uses by : Miki Løvstrøm

Download or read book Theobroma Cacao: Production, Cultivation and Uses written by Miki Løvstrøm and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2020-08-31 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The opening study in this compilation compares variations of the fatty acid profile from cocoa butter as a function of the harvest periods, extraction methods and roasting treatments. The cocoa butter extraction is performed using Soxhlet solvent extraction according to AOAC, 2000 and mechanical pressing following the procedure reported by Bernardini, 1981.Following this, the aroma compounds from fermented, dried and roasted beans from fine-flavored Criollo cocoas of Venezuela are studied. These compounds are associated with nice odoriferous notes.The authors also examine Cuban cacao, the closest relation to the original introduction in Cuba which is endangered by its progressive replacement by commercial clones.Additionally, the authors study some structural and physicochemical changes of cocoa beans fermented in plastic baskets covered with Musaceae leaves for five days in Barlovento, Miranda state, Venezuela.The origin of fine-flavored cocoa is discussed based on its requirements for optimal production of highly aromatic fruits as a function of growth requirements such as humid terrain, warm climate, recurrent rain and characteristic fauna and flora.The closing study focuses on control methods for cacao frosty pod rot, an aggressive disease responsible for great losses and the deterioration of raw material in Colombia for over two centuries.

Chocolate and Health

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Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1849739129
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)

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Book Synopsis Chocolate and Health by : Philip K. Wilson

Download or read book Chocolate and Health written by Philip K. Wilson and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-05-18 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following on from their previous volume on Chocolate as Medicine, Philip K. Wilson and W. Jeffrey Hurst edit this companion volume, Chocolate and Health, providing a comprehensive overview of the chemistry, nutrition and bioavailability of cacao and chocolate. The book begins with a brief historical introduction to the topic, outlining the current and historical medical uses of chocolate and chocolate derivatives. The remainder of the text is arranged into three sections, taking the reader through various aspects of the nutritional and health aspects of cacoa. The first section covers the cultivation, chemistry and genome analysis of cacao. The second section discusses the biochemistry and nutritional components of cacao in relation to health, covering bioavailabilty and the metabolism and metabolomics of cacao. The final section provides an overview of the potential use of chocolate in health and medical care. Each section is written and prepared by experts within each field, providing a global perspective of the current and ongoing research in this area. This text provides the reader with a complete overview of the field and is of interest to food and biomedical scientists, as well as nutritionists, medicinal chemists and anyone with an interest in chocolate.

Managing Plant Genetic Diversity

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Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 9780851998862
Total Pages : 510 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Managing Plant Genetic Diversity by : V. Ramanatha Rao

Download or read book Managing Plant Genetic Diversity written by V. Ramanatha Rao and published by CABI. This book was released on 2001-12-13 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains edited and revised papers from a conference on 'Science and Technology for Managing Plant Genetic Diversity in the 21st Century' held in Malaysia in June 2000, organised by the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI). It includes keynote papers and some 40 additional ones, covering ten themes.The major scientific challenges to developing a global vision for the next century are identified and key research objectives are also discussed.

Agroforestry

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811076502
Total Pages : 879 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Agroforestry by : Jagdish Chander Dagar

Download or read book Agroforestry written by Jagdish Chander Dagar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-06 with total page 879 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agroforestry (AF) is a dynamic, ecologically based, natural resources management system that, by integrating trees on farms, ranches, and in other landscapes, diversifies and increases production and promotes social, economic, and environmental benefits for land users. Further, it is receiving increasing attention as a sustainable land-management option worldwide because of its ecological, economic, and social attributes. Advances have been achieved by building on past research accomplishments and expanding AF’s stakeholder base, which now includes private/public partnerships, communities, ecologists, farmers, indigenous peoples, and policymakers in both temperate and tropical countries. AF has now been recognized as a valuable problem-solving approach to ensuring food security and rebuilding resilient rural environments. Recent studies have shown that more than 1 billion hectares of agricultural land have more than 10% tree cover. Of this area, 160 million hectares have more than 50% tree cover. Agricultural ecosystems can be further improved through AF to achieve environmental restoration, greater farm productivity, and key ecological services, including climate change mitigation and adaptation for improved rural livelihood. In fact, it is largely considered synonymous with climate smart agriculture and a remedy for many modern environmental challenges. Consequently, AF’s knowledge base is being expanded at a rapid rate, as illustrated by the increasing number and quality of scientific publications on various forms and different aspects of AF. This book offers state-of-the-art information on the fundamental concepts and history of AF and its evolution as a science, presenting a wealth of advanced research results and evaluations relating to different aspects of AF. Accordingly, it will be useful for a broad readership, including students, foresters, farmers, local communities, indigenous peoples, civil society institutions, media, policymakers and the general public.

North American Crop Wild Relatives, Volume 2

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319971212
Total Pages : 740 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis North American Crop Wild Relatives, Volume 2 by : Stephanie L. Greene

Download or read book North American Crop Wild Relatives, Volume 2 written by Stephanie L. Greene and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-14 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The plant species that humans rely upon have an extended family of wild counterparts that are an important source of genetic diversity used to breed productive crops. These wild and weedy cousins are valuable as a resource for adapting our food, forage, industrial and other crops to climate change. Many wild plant species are also directly used, especially for revegetation, and as medicinal and ornamental plants. North America is rich in these wild plant genetic resources. This book is a valuable reference that describes the important crop wild relatives and wild utilized species found in Canada, the United States and Mexico. The book highlights efforts taken by these countries to conserve and use wild resources and provides essential information on best practices for collecting and conserving them. Numerous maps using up-to-date information and methods illustrate the distribution of important species, and supplement detailed description on the potential value these resources have to agriculture, as well as their conservation statuses and needs. There is broad recognition of the urgent need to conserve plant diversity; however, a small fraction of wild species is distinguished by their potential to support agricultural production. Many of these species are common, even weedy, and are easily overshadowed by rare or endangered plants. Nevertheless, because of their genetic proximity to agriculturally important crops or direct use, they deserve to be recognized, celebrated, conserved, and made available to support food and agricultural security. This comprehensive two-volume reference will be valuable for students and scientists interested in economic botany, and for practitioners at all levels tasked with conserving plant biodiversity.

Chocolate as Medicine

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Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1782625127
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (826 download)

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Book Synopsis Chocolate as Medicine by : Philip K Wilson

Download or read book Chocolate as Medicine written by Philip K Wilson and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Mesoamerican population who lived near the indigenous cultivation sites of the "Chocolate Tree" (Theobromo cacao) had a multitude of documented applications of chocolate as medicine, ranging from alleviating fatigue to preventing heart ailments to treating snakebite. Until recently, these applications have received little sound scientific scrutiny. Rather, it has been the reputed health claims stemming from Europe and the United States which have attracted considerable biomedical attention. This book, for the first time, describes the centuries-long quest to uncover chocolate's potential health benefits. The authors explore variations in the types of evidence used to support chocolate's use as medicine as well as note the ongoing tension over categorizing chocolate as food or medicine, and more recently, as functional food or nutraceutical. The authors, Wilson an historian of science and medicine, and Hurst an analytical chemist in the chocolate industry, bring their collective insights to bear upon the development of ideas and practices surrounding the use of chocolate as medicine. Chocolate's use in this manner is explored first among the Mesoamerican peoples, then as it is transported to Europe, and back into Colonial North America. The authors then focus upon more recent bioscience experimental undertakings which have been aimed to ascertain both long-standing and novel suggestions as to chocolate's efficacy as a medicinal and a nutritional substance. Chocolate/s reputation as the most craved food boosts this book's appeal to food and biomedical scientists, cacao researchers, ethnobotanists, historians, folklorists, and healers of all types as well as to the general reading audience.

Managing Global Genetic Resources

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309131863
Total Pages : 476 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Managing Global Genetic Resources by : National Research Council

Download or read book Managing Global Genetic Resources written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This anchor volume to the series Managing Global Genetic Resources examines the structure that underlies efforts to preserve genetic material, including the worldwide network of genetic collections; the role of biotechnology; and a host of issues that surround management and use. Among the topics explored are in situ versus ex situ conservation, management of very large collections of genetic material, problems of quarantine, the controversy over ownership or copyright of genetic material, and more.

Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Industrial and Food Crops

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030232654
Total Pages : 744 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Industrial and Food Crops by : Jameel M. Al-Khayri

Download or read book Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Industrial and Food Crops written by Jameel M. Al-Khayri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-14 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the development of innovative modern methodologies towards augmenting conventional plant breeding, in individual crops, for the production of new crop varieties under the increasingly limiting environmental and cultivation factors to achieve sustainable agricultural production, enhanced food security, in addition to providing raw materials for innovative industrial products and pharmaceuticals. This is Vol 6, subtitled Industrial and Food Crops, which consists of two parts. Included in Part I are 11 industrial plant species utilized as sources of raw materials for the production of industrial products including pulp and wood crops (acacia), fiber (cotton, jute and ramie), rubber (guayule and rubber tree), oil (jojoba and flax), biofuels and pharmaceutical (agave) and sugar source (sugarcane). Part II covers 7 food plants selected for their utilization in food industries for the production of chocolate (cacao), cooking oil (oil palm, safflower, sesame and sunflower) and natural flavors and aroma (saffron and vanilla). This volume is contributed by 60 internationally reputable scientists from 14 countries. Each chapter comprehensively reviews the modern literature on the subject and reflects the authors own experience.

Global Approaches to Cocoa Germplasm Utilization and Conservation:

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Author :
Publisher : Bioversity International
ISBN 13 : 9290437340
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Approaches to Cocoa Germplasm Utilization and Conservation: by : A. B. Eskes

Download or read book Global Approaches to Cocoa Germplasm Utilization and Conservation: written by A. B. Eskes and published by Bioversity International. This book was released on 2006 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: