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The Generation And Relaxation Of Structure In Polymer Liquid Crystals Under Shear Flow
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Book Synopsis The Generation and Relaxation of Structure in Polymer Liquid Crystals Under Shear Flow by : Gregory W. Farell
Download or read book The Generation and Relaxation of Structure in Polymer Liquid Crystals Under Shear Flow written by Gregory W. Farell and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Rheology and Processing of Liquid Crystal Polymers by : Domenico Acierno
Download or read book Rheology and Processing of Liquid Crystal Polymers written by Domenico Acierno and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-27 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquid crystal polymers (LCPs) have many strange properties that may be utilized to advantage in the processing of products made from them and their blends with isotropic polymers. This volume (volume 2 in the series Polymer Liquid Crystals) deals with their strange flow behaviour and the models put forward to explain the phenomena that occur in such polymers and their blends. It has been known for some time that small ad ditions of a thermotropic LCP to isotropic polymers not only gives an improvement in the strength and stiffness of the blend but improves the processability of the blend over that of the isotropic polymer. In the case of lyotropic LCPs, it is possible to create a molecular composite in which the reinforcement of an isotropic polymer is achieved at a molecular level by the addition of the LCP in a common solvent. If the phenomena can be fully understood both the reinforcement and an increase in the proces sability of isotropic polymers could be optimized. This book is intended to illustrate the current theories associated with the flow of LCPs and their blends in the hope that such an optimization will be achieved by future research. Chapter 1 introduces the subject of LCPs and describes the ter minology used; Chapter 2 then discusses the more complex phenomena associated with these materials. In Chapter 3, the way in which these phe nomena may be modelled using hamiltonians is fully covered.
Book Synopsis Dynamic Behavior of Polymer Liquid Crystal Solutions in Transient Shear Flows by : Wesley R. Burghardt
Download or read book Dynamic Behavior of Polymer Liquid Crystal Solutions in Transient Shear Flows written by Wesley R. Burghardt and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Liquid Crystal Polymers: From Structures to Applications by : A.A. Collyer
Download or read book Liquid Crystal Polymers: From Structures to Applications written by A.A. Collyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject of liquid crystals and their use in electronic displays and in non-linear optical systems has become of tremendous importance during the last decade; and the incorporation of liquid crystal units into polymeric materials has led to a group of new materials with diverse properties. Some of these properties have been utilized in new products and some have yet to be used. Much published work has appeared that deals with specific materials or particular applications, and it was felt that a book was needed to examine and explain the underlying principles governing the diverse properties of these liquid crystal polymers, LCPs. The current work describes the diverse nature of LCPs, their synthesis, characterization, properties and finally their applications. It describes the manner in which liquid crystallinity or mesomorphism occurs in small molecules, monomer liquid crystals and polymer liquid crystals. Chapter 1 gives a classification of the various ways in which the meso gens may be connected to the polymer chains. Currently, the bulk of LCP material is based on main chain or longitudinal LCPs for use in engineering applications. The side chain or comb polymers are intended for use in electronics and opto-electronic systems and as surfactants. Many other variants and possibilities exist but their properties have not yet been fully studied or used. In this respect it is hoped that the current work will indicate future possibilities as well as discussing current opinion. v Preface vi Chapters 2 and 3 describe methods of characterizing the mesophases.
Book Synopsis Polymeric Liquid Crystals by : Alexandre Blumstein
Download or read book Polymeric Liquid Crystals written by Alexandre Blumstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book originated in the Proceedings of the Second Symposium on Polymeric Liquid Crystals held by the Division of Polymer Chemistry in the framework of the 1983 Fall Meeting of the American Chemical Society. At the First Symposium in 1977, the literature in this field could be encompassed in a single volume. To day, that is no longer possible. The field of Polymeric Liquid Crystals grew, and continues to grow, at a very rapid pace. At present, we know of every major mesophase in its polymeric form and of polymeric glasses, elastomers and fluids in their liquid crystalline form. Every year, new polymeric mesophases are being discovered. The aim of this book is to go beyond a compilation of papers presented at the 1983 ACS Fall Meeting. It is conceived as a learning tool for the benefit of the sci entist interested in Polymeric Liquid Crystals. The book is divided into three sections. The first section contains articles discussing synthetic, physico chemical, structural and rheological aspects of Polymeric Liquid Crystals in their generality. A chapter on methods currently used in this field is also included. There are also chapters on theoretical and classification aspects of PLCs. These self-contained tutorial chapters provide an introduction to this field as well as to the specific papers given in the book. They provide an exhaustive cover age of literature on the subject from its inception to the present.
Book Synopsis Mechanical and Thermophysical Properties of Polymer Liquid Crystals by : Witold Brostow
Download or read book Mechanical and Thermophysical Properties of Polymer Liquid Crystals written by Witold Brostow and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-27 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: may never overcome the effects of hysteresis and stress (see Chapters 6 and 12). The first sentence of the reference work, Handbook of Liquid Crystals, reads: The terms liquid crystals, crystalline liquid, mesophase, and mesomorphous state are used synonymously to describe a state of aggregation that exhibits a molecular order in a size range similar to that of a crystal but acts more or less as a viscous liquid: [2] In other words, molecules within a liquid crystalline phase possess some orientational order and lack positional order; furthermore, the shape of a liquid crystalline sample is determined by the vessel in which it is contained rather than by the orientational order of its aggregated molecules. The authors recognized the limitations and imprecision of this definition but, like others preceding them, could not devise a simple and generally applicable one that is better. Regardless, the terms 'liquid crystal' and 'mesophase' should not be used interchangeably. As mentioned above, all liquid crystals are mesophases, but all mesophases are not liquid crystals. Recent studies, employing elaborate and sophisticated analytical techniques, have permitted finer distinctions between classical crystals and mesophases. At the same time, they have made definitions like that from the Handbook of Liquid Crystals somewhat obsolete for reasons other than terminology. One part of the problem arises from the use of a combination of bulk properties (like flow) and microscopic properties (like molecular ordering) within the same definition.
Book Synopsis Polymer Liquid Crystals by : A Ciferri
Download or read book Polymer Liquid Crystals written by A Ciferri and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymer Liquid Crystals covers the significant developments in the field of highlight oriented polymers. This 12-chapter book emerged from lectures presented during the seminar "Polymer Liquid Crystals: Science and Technology", held at Santa Margherita Ligure, Italy on May 19-23, 1981. The opening chapters highlight the molecular basis of liquid crystallinity. The subsequent chapters deal with the synthesis, structure, properties, and macroscopic phenomena of polymer liquid crystals. These topics are followed by descriptions of the orientation of liquid crystals, specifically the instabilities in low molecular weight nematic and cholesteric liquid crystals. The final chapters consider the applications of these crystals to display devices and the advances in high-strength fibers and molecular composites. This book will be of great value to polymer liquid crystal chemists and researchers.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flow-induced Structure in Polymers by : Alan I. Nakatani
Download or read book Flow-induced Structure in Polymers written by Alan I. Nakatani and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines recent advances in understanding the structures of polymer melts, polymer solutions, block copolymers, liquid crystalline polymers, colloid suspensions, and multiphase systems subjected to flow. Reports on advances in instrumental techniques, characterization, theories, and applications. An overview chapter provides a guide and reference source to related reviews and identifies similarities in flow behavior between various materials science disciplines.
Book Synopsis Flow Visualization and Modeling of Liquid Crystalline Polymers by : Mark Naoshi Kawaguchi
Download or read book Flow Visualization and Modeling of Liquid Crystalline Polymers written by Mark Naoshi Kawaguchi and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Computer Simulations of Liquid Crystals and Polymers by : Paolo Pasini
Download or read book Computer Simulations of Liquid Crystals and Polymers written by Paolo Pasini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-02-15 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquid crystals, polymers and polymer liquid crystals are soft condensed matter systems of major technological and scientific interest. An understanding of the macroscopic properties of these complex systems and of their many and interesting peculiarities at the molecular level can nowadays only be attained using computer simulations and statistical mechanical theories. Both in the Liquid Crystal and Polymer fields a considerable amount of simulation work has been done in the last few years with various classes of models at different special resolutions, ranging from atomistic to molecular and coarse-grained lattice models. Each of the two fields has developed its own set of tools and specialized procedures and the book aims to provide a state of the art review of the computer simulation studies of polymers and liquid crystals. This is of great importance in view of a potential cross-fertilization between these connected areas which is particularly apparent for a number of experimental systems like, e.g. polymer liquid crystals and anisotropic gels where the different fields necessarily merge. An effort has been made to assess the possibilities of a coherent description of the themes that have developed independently, and to compare and extend the theoretical and computational techniques put forward in the different areas.
Book Synopsis Investigation of the Effect of Shear Flow on Molecular Orientation in Model Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polymers Using in Situ X-ray Scattering by : Victor Manuel Ugaz
Download or read book Investigation of the Effect of Shear Flow on Molecular Orientation in Model Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polymers Using in Situ X-ray Scattering written by Victor Manuel Ugaz and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although liquid crystalline polymers (LCPs) offer considerable commercial potential for the production of lightweight materials possessing exceptional mechanical strength, the influence of flow on molecular orientation remains poorly understood in melt processable thermotropic systems. In this thesis, a combination of materials and experimental techniques are employed which allow structural measurements to be obtained under a variety of flow conditions in the melt. In situ x-ray scattering techniques are used as a structural probe to directly measure the influence of flow on molecular orientation, and to identify the presence of other structural arrangements which would otherwise be unobservable. First, we use this structural data to identify a link between the development of a hexagonal microstructure and the onset of region I shear thinning in lyotropic poly(gamma-benzyl-L-glutamate) in m-cresol. Next, two different model thermotropic systems are studied, a polyester and polyether respectively, which incorporate molecular architectures specifically designed to provide a stable nematic phase over a wide temperature range. We present measurements of molecular orientation in steady shear flow, during relaxation after cessation of shear flow, and in the transient periods during shear flow inception and reversal. Under certain combinations of temperature and shear rate, the polyether is found to display a dramatic transition in molecular alignment to a condition where orientation is favored parallel to the vorticity direction, rather than parallel to the flow direction as is typically observed. Both materials exhibit dynamic behavior in the nematic phase consistent with flow alignment, as opposed to director tumbling behavior which is often observed in lyotropic LCPs. This hypothesis is supported by comparison with an adaptation of the Ericksen transversely isotropic fluid model and the Larson-Doi model, both of which account for the polydomain texture characteristic of LCP materials. The Larson-Doi model yields better qualitative predictions of the evolution of orientation and stress during flow reversal, suggesting that distortional elasticity plays a significant role in this type of flow. However, some discrepancies remain between the model predictions and the experimentally observed behavior, suggesting that distortional elasticity may play a different role in the rheology of thermotropic LCPs than in lyotropes.
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Polymers, Liquid Crystals, and Low-Dimensional Solids by : Norman H. March
Download or read book Polymers, Liquid Crystals, and Low-Dimensional Solids written by Norman H. March and published by Springer. This book was released on 1984 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymers. Introduction to polymeric structure and polymers. Cristallinity and kinetics of crystallization. The basic crystal unit. Other classes of crystallization. Hierarchical nature of macromolecular structure. Influence of processing on polymeric materials. Liquid crystals. Structural classification of thermotropic liquid crystals. Nematic liquid crystals. Cholesteric liquid crystals. Smectic liquid crystals. Optical applications of liquid crystals. Low-dimensional solids. Chemical bonding. Phase transitions and dimensionality. Many-electron effects. Space charge layers. Superconductivity via electron-phonon and electron-exciton interactions. Special topics. Biopolymer electronic phenomena. Topological defects and disordered systems.
Book Synopsis The Kinetics of Structure Development in Liquid Crystal Polymers by : Robert Clark Moore
Download or read book The Kinetics of Structure Development in Liquid Crystal Polymers written by Robert Clark Moore and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Liquid Crystal Elastomers by : Mark Warner
Download or read book Liquid Crystal Elastomers written by Mark Warner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-04-05 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text is a primer for liquid crystals, polymers, rubber and elasticity. It is directed at physicists, chemists, material scientists, engineers and applied mathematicians at the graduate student level and beyond.
Book Synopsis Polymer Characterization by : Karel Dusˇek
Download or read book Polymer Characterization written by Karel Dusˇek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-07 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: -Shear-Induced Transitions and Instabilities in Surfactant Wormlike Micelles By S. Lerouge, J.-F. Berret -Laser-Interferometric Creep Rate Spectroscopy of Polymers By V. A. Bershtein, P. N. Yakushev -Polymer Nanocomposites for Electro-Optics: Perspectives on Processing Technologies, Material Characterization, and Future Application K. Matras-Postolek, D. Bogdal
